Aculeata: Difference between revisions

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	{{~~short~~ description\|Infraorder of insects}}		{{Short description\|Infraorder of insects}}
	{{Automatic taxobox		{{Automatic taxobox
	\| oldest_fossil = Late Jurassic		\| oldest_fossil = Late Jurassic
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	\| authority = (but see text)		\| authority = (but see text)
	\| subdivision_ranks = Superfamilies		\| subdivision_ranks = Superfamilies
	\| subdivision = *{{extinct}} ]		\| subdivision =
	*]		*]
⚫	*]
	*], ], ]
⚫	* ]
	*]
	*]		*]
		⚫	*]
			*]
			*]
			*]
			*]
			*]
	}}		}}

	'''Aculeata''' is a ] of ]. The name is a reference to the defining feature of the group, which is the modification of the ] into a ] ~~(thus, the group could be called "stinging ]s", though the group also contains the ants and the bees)~~. ~~In other words~~, ~~the structure that was originally used to lay eggs is modified instead to deliver ]. Not all~~ members of the group ~~can~~ sting~~; a great many cannot~~, either ~~because~~ the ovipositor ~~is modified in a different manner (such as for laying eggs in crevices)~~, or ~~because~~ it ~~is lost~~ altogether. A large part of the clade is ].		'''Aculeata''' is a ] of ] containing ]s, ]s, and stinging wasps. The name is a reference to the defining feature of the group, which is the modification of the ] into a ]. However, many members of the group cannot sting, either retaining the ovipositor, or having lost it altogether. A large part of the clade is ].

	This group includes the ]~~s and~~ ]s ~~and all of the ] Hymenopterans~~. It is ~~commonly believed~~ that the possession of a venomous sting was ~~one~~ of the ~~important features promoting the~~ evolution of ~~social behavior, as it confers a level of anti-predator defense rarely approached by other ]~~s.{{Citation~~ ~~needed\|date=October~~ ~~2008}}~~~~		This group includes all of the ] ]s. It is theorized that the possession of a venomous sting was important in the repeated ] within Hymenoptera.

	The oldest aculeates are known from the Late Jurassic ] of Kazakhstan, represented by the family ], which may be ] or ].<ref>{{Cite journal\|~~last~~=Grimaldi\|~~first~~=David A.\|last2=Peñalver\|first2=Enrique\|last3=Barrón\|first3=Eduardo\|last4=Herhold\|first4=Hollister W.\|last5=Engel\|first5=Michael S.\|date=2019-11-07\|title=Direct evidence for eudicot pollen-feeding in a Cretaceous stinging wasp (Angiospermae; Hymenoptera, Aculeata) preserved in Burmese amber~~\|url=https://www.nature.com/articles/s42003-019-0652-7~~\|journal=Communications Biology\|language=en\|volume=2\|issue=1\|~~pages~~=~~1–10~~\|doi=10.1038/s42003-019-0652-7\|issn=2399-3642}}</ref>		The oldest aculeates are known from the Late Jurassic ] of Kazakhstan, represented by the family ], which may be ] or ].<ref>{{Cite journal\|last1=Grimaldi\|first1=David A.\|last2=Peñalver\|first2=Enrique\|last3=Barrón\|first3=Eduardo\|last4=Herhold\|first4=Hollister W.\|last5=Engel\|first5=Michael S.\|date=2019-11-07\|title=Direct evidence for eudicot pollen-feeding in a Cretaceous stinging wasp (Angiospermae; Hymenoptera, Aculeata) preserved in Burmese amber\|journal=Communications Biology\|language=en\|volume=2\|issue=1\|page=408 \|doi=10.1038/s42003-019-0652-7\|pmid=31728419 \|pmc=6838090 \|issn=2399-3642\|doi-access=free}}</ref>

	==Classification==		==Classification==
⚫	The use of the name Aculeata has a long history at the rank of ] or division. The Aculeata are a ], or good natural group, containing all the descendants of a single common ancestor. The Aculeata are therefore maintained as a ], either at infraorder or division rank or as an unranked ].<ref name=phylo>{{cite journal\|journal=Current Biology\|volume=23\|issue=20\|pages=1–5\| year=2013\|doi= 10.1016/j.cub.2013.08.050\|pmid=24094856\| title=Phylogenomics resolves evolutionary relationships among ants, bees, and wasps\| last1=Johnson\|first1=Brian R. \|first2=Marek L. \|last2=Borowiec\| first3=Joanna C.\|last3=Chiu\| first4=Ernest K.\|last4=Lee\|first5=Joel \|last5=Atallah \|first6=Philip S. \|last6=Ward\|doi-access=free}}</ref><ref name="BranstetterDanforth2017">{{cite journal \|last1=Branstetter \|first1=Michael G. \|last2=Danforth \|first2=Bryan N. \|last3=Pitts \|first3=James P. \|last4=Faircloth \|first4=Brant C. \|last5=Ward \|first5=Philip S. \|last6=Buffington \|first6=Matthew L. \|last7=Gates \|first7=Michael W. \|last8=Kula \|first8=Robert R. \|last9=Brady \|first9=Seán G.\|title=Phylogenomic Insights into the Evolution of Stinging Wasps and the Origins of Ants and Bees \|journal=Current Biology \|volume=27 \|issue=7 \|year=2017 \|pages=1019–1025 \|doi=10.1016/j.cub.2017.03.027\|pmid=28376325 \|doi-access=free }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal \|author=Schulmeister, S. \|date=2003 \|title=Simultaneous analysis of basal Hymenoptera (Insecta), introducing robust-choice sensitivity analysis \|journal=Biological Journal of the Linnean Society \|volume=79 \|issue=2 \|pages=245–275 \|doi=10.1046/j.1095-8312.2003.00233.x\|doi-access=free }}</ref><ref>{{cite web \|last1=Schulmeister \|first1=S. \|title=Symphyta \|url=http://susanne.schulmeister.com/Symphyta.html \|access-date=28 November 2016}}</ref><ref name=Peters>{{Cite journal \|~~last~~=Peters \|~~first~~=Ralph S. \|last2=Krogmann \|first2=Lars \|last3=Mayer \|first3=Christoph \|last4=Donath \|first4=Alexander \|last5=Gunkel \|first5=Simon \|last6=Meusemann \|first6=Karen \|last7=Kozlov \|first7=Alexey \|last8=Podsiadlowski \|first8=Lars \|last9=Petersen \|first9=Malte \|title=Evolutionary History of the Hymenoptera \|journal=Current Biology \|volume=27 \|issue=7 \|pages=1013–1018 \|doi=10.1016/j.cub.2017.01.027\|pmid=28343967 \|year=2017 \|doi-access=free }}</ref>

		⚫	The use of the name Aculeata has a long history at the rank of ] or division. The Aculeata are a ], or good natural group, containing all the descendants of a single common ancestor. The Aculeata are therefore maintained as a ], either at infraorder or division rank or as an unranked ].<ref name=phylo>{{cite journal\|journal=Current Biology\|volume=23\|issue=20\|pages=1–5\| year=2013\|doi= 10.1016/j.cub.2013.08.050\|pmid=24094856\| title=Phylogenomics resolves evolutionary relationships among ants, bees, and wasps\| last1=Johnson\|first1=Brian R. \|first2=Marek L. \|last2=Borowiec\| first3=Joanna C.\|last3=Chiu\| first4=Ernest K.\|last4=Lee\|first5=Joel \|last5=Atallah \|first6=Philip S. \|last6=Ward\|doi-access=free}}</ref><ref name="BranstetterDanforth2017">{{cite journal \|last1=Branstetter \|first1=Michael G. \|last2=Danforth \|first2=Bryan N. \|last3=Pitts \|first3=James P. \|last4=Faircloth \|first4=Brant C. \|last5=Ward \|first5=Philip S. \|last6=Buffington \|first6=Matthew L. \|last7=Gates \|first7=Michael W. \|last8=Kula \|first8=Robert R. \|last9=Brady \|first9=Seán G.\|title=Phylogenomic Insights into the Evolution of Stinging Wasps and the Origins of Ants and Bees \|journal=Current Biology \|volume=27 \|issue=7 \|year=2017 \|pages=1019–1025 \|doi=10.1016/j.cub.2017.03.027\|pmid=28376325 \|doi-access=free }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal \|author=Schulmeister, S. \|date=2003 \|title=Simultaneous analysis of basal Hymenoptera (Insecta), introducing robust-choice sensitivity analysis \|journal=Biological Journal of the Linnean Society \|volume=79 \|issue=2 \|pages=245–275 \|doi=10.1046/j.1095-8312.2003.00233.x\|doi-access=free }}</ref><ref>{{cite web \|last1=Schulmeister \|first1=S. \|title=Symphyta \|url=http://susanne.schulmeister.com/Symphyta.html \|access-date=28 November 2016 \|archive-date=21 June 2010 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100621021510/http://susanne.schulmeister.com/Symphyta.html \|url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name=Peters>{{Cite journal \|last1=Peters \|first1=Ralph S. \|last2=Krogmann \|first2=Lars \|last3=Mayer \|first3=Christoph \|last4=Donath \|first4=Alexander \|last5=Gunkel \|first5=Simon \|last6=Meusemann \|first6=Karen \|last7=Kozlov \|first7=Alexey \|last8=Podsiadlowski \|first8=Lars \|last9=Petersen \|first9=Malte \|title=Evolutionary History of the Hymenoptera \|journal=Current Biology \|volume=27 \|issue=7 \|pages=1013–1018 \|doi=10.1016/j.cub.2017.01.027\|pmid=28343967 \|year=2017 \|doi-access=free \|hdl=2434/801122 \|hdl-access=free }}</ref>
⚫	{{clade \| style = font-size: 100%; line-height:100%~~; width:50em;~~

⚫	\|~~label1~~='''Aculeata'''
		⚫	{{clade\|style=font-size: 100%; line-height:100%
			\|label1=]
	\|1={{clade		\|1={{clade
	\|1= ] ~~(jewel wasps)~~ ]		\|1=] ]
			\|sublabel2='']ism''
	\|2={{clade		\|2={{clade
			\|1=] (wood wasps) ]
⚫	\|1={{clade
			\|label2=''']'''
⚫	\|1=] (yellowjackets, paper wasps, hornets) ]
			\|sublabel2= ''wasp waist ''
	\|2=]
⚫	}}
	\|2={{clade		\|2={{clade
	\|1=], ], ], ~~etc~~ ]		\|1=] ]
	\|2={{clade		\|2={{clade
	\|1=] ~~(ants)~~ ]		\|1=] ]
		⚫	\|2={{clade
⚫	\|2=] (bees and ]) ]
			\|1=''non-stinging wasps'' ]
		⚫	\|label2='''Aculeata'''
			\|sublabel2= ''stinger ''
			\|2={{clade
			\|1= ] (jewel wasps) ]
			\|2={{clade
			\|1={{clade
		⚫	\|1=] (yellowjackets, paper wasps, hornets) ]
		⚫	\|2=]
			}}
			\|2={{clade
			\|1=], ], ], etc ]
			\|2={{clade
			\|1=]
			\|2={{clade
			\|1=] (ants) ]
		⚫	\|2=] (bees and ]) ]
			}}
			}}
			}}
			}}
			}}
		⚫	}}
	}}		}}
	}}		}}
	}}		}}
	}}		}}
	}}		}}

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	{{Hymenoptera\|2}}		{{Hymenoptera\|2}}
	{{Taxonbar\|from=Q1251421}}		{{Taxonbar\|from=Q1251421}}
			{{Authority control}}

	]		]

Latest revision as of 04:50, 13 September 2024

Infraorder of insects

Aculeata Temporal range: Late Jurassic–Recent PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N

Vespula vulgaris
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Class:	Insecta
Order:	Hymenoptera
Suborder:	Apocrita
Infraorder:	Aculeata (but see text)
Superfamilies
Apoidea Chrysidoidea Formicoidea Pompiloidea Scolioidea Tiphioidea Thynnoidea Vespoidea

Aculeata is a subclade of Hymenoptera containing ants, bees, and stinging wasps. The name is a reference to the defining feature of the group, which is the modification of the ovipositor into a stinger. However, many members of the group cannot sting, either retaining the ovipositor, or having lost it altogether. A large part of the clade is parasitic.

This group includes all of the eusocial Hymenopterans. It is theorized that the possession of a venomous sting was important in the repeated evolution of eusociality within Hymenoptera.

The oldest aculeates are known from the Late Jurassic Karabastau Formation of Kazakhstan, represented by the family Bethylonymidae, which may be para- or polyphyletic.

Classification

The use of the name Aculeata has a long history at the rank of infraorder or division. The Aculeata are a monophyletic, or good natural group, containing all the descendants of a single common ancestor. The Aculeata are therefore maintained as a taxon, either at infraorder or division rank or as an unranked clade.

Hymenoptera

Sawflies

Orussoidea (wood wasps)

Apocrita

Stephanoidea

Ichneumonoidea

non-stinging wasps

Aculeata

Chrysidoidea (jewel wasps)

	Vespidae (yellowjackets, paper wasps, hornets)

	Rhopalosomatidae

Mutillidae, Pompilidae, Tiphiidae, etc

Scoliidae

	Formicidae (ants)

	Apoidea (bees and sphecoid wasps)

stinger

wasp waist

parasitoidism

References

Grimaldi, David A.; Peñalver, Enrique; Barrón, Eduardo; Herhold, Hollister W.; Engel, Michael S. (2019-11-07). "Direct evidence for eudicot pollen-feeding in a Cretaceous stinging wasp (Angiospermae; Hymenoptera, Aculeata) preserved in Burmese amber". Communications Biology. 2 (1): 408. doi:10.1038/s42003-019-0652-7. ISSN 2399-3642. PMC 6838090. PMID 31728419.
Johnson, Brian R.; Borowiec, Marek L.; Chiu, Joanna C.; Lee, Ernest K.; Atallah, Joel; Ward, Philip S. (2013). "Phylogenomics resolves evolutionary relationships among ants, bees, and wasps". Current Biology. 23 (20): 1–5. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2013.08.050. PMID 24094856.
Branstetter, Michael G.; Danforth, Bryan N.; Pitts, James P.; Faircloth, Brant C.; Ward, Philip S.; Buffington, Matthew L.; Gates, Michael W.; Kula, Robert R.; Brady, Seán G. (2017). "Phylogenomic Insights into the Evolution of Stinging Wasps and the Origins of Ants and Bees". Current Biology. 27 (7): 1019–1025. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2017.03.027. PMID 28376325.
Schulmeister, S. (2003). "Simultaneous analysis of basal Hymenoptera (Insecta), introducing robust-choice sensitivity analysis". Biological Journal of the Linnean Society. 79 (2): 245–275. doi:10.1046/j.1095-8312.2003.00233.x.
Schulmeister, S. "Symphyta". Archived from the original on 21 June 2010. Retrieved 28 November 2016.
Peters, Ralph S.; Krogmann, Lars; Mayer, Christoph; Donath, Alexander; Gunkel, Simon; Meusemann, Karen; Kozlov, Alexey; Podsiadlowski, Lars; Petersen, Malte (2017). "Evolutionary History of the Hymenoptera". Current Biology. 27 (7): 1013–1018. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2017.01.027. hdl:2434/801122. PMID 28343967.

External links

Tree of Life Web Project: Aculeata
Bugguide.net: Aculeata
Johnson, B. et al. Phylogenomics resolves evolutionary relationships among ants, bees, and wasps. NCBI

Extant Hymenopteran families

Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Subclass: Pterygota
Infraclass: Neoptera
Superorder: Holometabola

S
y
m
p
h
y
t
a

Tenthredinoidea	Argidae (argid sawflies) Blasticotomidae (fern sawflies) Cimbicidae (cimbicid sawflies) Diprionidae (conifer sawflies) Pergidae (pergid sawflies) Tenthredinidae (common sawflies)
Xyeloidea	Xyelidae
Pamphilioidea	Megalodontesidae Pamphiliidae (web-spinning sawflies)
Siricoidea	Anaxyelidae (cedar wood wasps) Siricidae (horntails)
Xiphydrioidea	Xiphydriidae (wood wasps)
Cephoidea	Cephidae (stem sawflies)
Orussoidea	Orussidae (parasitic wood wasps)

A
p
o
c
r
i
t
a

P
a
r
a
s
i
t
i
c
a

Ichneumonoidea

Ceraphronoidea

Proctotrupomorpha

Platygastroidea	Geoscelionidae Janzenellidae Neuroscelionidae Nixoniidae Platygastridae Scelionidae Sparasionidae
Cynipoidea	Austrocynipidae Cynipidae (gall wasps) Diplolepididae Figitidae Ibaliidae Liopteridae
Proctotrupoidea (s.str.)	Proctorenyxidae Roproniidae Heloridae Pelecinidae Peradeniidae Proctotrupidae Vanhorniidae
Diaprioidea	Austroniidae Diapriidae Ismaridae Maamingidae Monomachidae
Mymarommatoidea	Mymarommatidae
Chalcidoidea (chalcid wasps)	Agaonidae (fig wasps) Aphelinidae Azotidae Baeomorphidae Boucekiidae Calesidae Ceidae Cerocephalidae Chalcedectidae Chalcididae Chrysolampidae Cleonymidae Coelocybidae Cynipencyrtidae Diparidae Encyrtidae Epichrysomallidae Eucharitidae Eulophidae Eunotidae Eupelmidae Eurytomidae Eutrichosomatidae Herbertiidae Hetreulophidae Heydeniidae Idioporidae Leucospidae Lyciscidae Macromesidae Megastigmidae Melanosomellidae Metapelmatidae Moranilidae Mymaridae (fairyflies) Neanastatidae Neodiparidae Ooderidae Ormyridae Pelecinellidae Perilampidae Pirenidae Pteromalidae Signiphoridae Spalangiidae Systasidae Tanaostigmatidae Tetracampidae Torymidae Trichogrammatidae

Evanioidea

Stephanoidea

Stephanidae

Megalyroidea

Megalyridae

Trigonaloidea

Trigonalidae

A
c
u
l
e
a
t
a

Scoliidae (scoliid wasps)

Formicoidea

Formicidae (ants)

Apoidea

Spheciformes (sphecoid wasps)	Ammoplanidae Ampulicidae (cockroach wasps) Astatidae Bembicidae Crabronidae Mellinidae Pemphredonidae Philanthidae Psenidae Sphecidae (thread-waisted wasps)

Anthophila (bees)	Andrenidae (mason bees) Apidae (honey bees, bumblebees, cuckoo bees, carpenter bees, orchid bees, stingless bees) Colletidae (plasterer bees) Halictidae (sweat bees) Megachilidae (mason bees, leafcutter bees) Melittidae Stenotritidae

See also: Unicalcarida

Taxon identifiers
Aculeata	Wikidata: Q1251421 BugGuide: 117315 EoL: 2723467 GBIF: 6141983 iNaturalist: 326777 ITIS: 709253 NCBI: 7434 NZOR: 019ba771-2eba-4329-9992-838e8780b98b Open Tree of Life: 5257443 Paleobiology Database: 105145 Tree of Life: 11184

Categories: