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{{Infobox Province TR {{Short description|Province of Turkey}}
{{Other uses|Diyarbakir Province (disambiguation)}}
|name=Diyarbakir
{{Infobox Turkey place
|region=Southeastern Anatolia
| type = metro province
|area=15,162
| name =
|total population=1,362,708
| other_name = Diyarbakır ili
|}}
| image_skyline = Goletli Park, Diyarbakir.jpg
| image_caption =
| image_shield =
| image_map = Diyarbakir in Turkey.svg
| map_caption = Location of the province within Turkey
| seat = ]
| leader_name1 =
| leader_party =
| leader_name =]
| area_footnotes =
| area_total_km2 = 15101
|leader_title=]| elevation_m =
| population_footnotes = <ref name=tuik/>
| population_total = 1804880
| population_as_of = 2022
| website = {{url|http://www.diyarbakir.bel.tr/}}<br>{{url|http://www.diyarbakir.gov.tr/}}
| area_code = 0412
}}
'''Diyarbakır Province''' ({{langx|tr|Diyarbakır ili}}; {{langx|diq|Suke Diyarbekir}};<ref>Zazaca -Türkçe Sözlük, R. Hayıg-B. Werner</ref> {{langx|ku-Latn|Parêzgeha Amedê}})<ref>{{cite news |title=Odeya Pizîşkên Amedê: 200 kes bi koronayê ketine |url=http://www.rupelanu.com/odeya-pizisken-amede-200-kes-bi-koronaye-ketine-10543h.htm |access-date=27 April 2020 |work=Rûpela nû |date=8 April 2020 |language=ku}}</ref> is a ] and ] in southeastern ]. Its area is 15,101&nbsp;km<sup>2</sup>,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.harita.gov.tr/uploads/files-folder/il_ilce_alanlari.xlsx|title=İl ve İlçe Yüz ölçümleri|publisher=General Directorate of Mapping|access-date=19 September 2023}}</ref> and its population is 1,804,880 (2022).<ref name=tuik>{{Cite web |title=Address-based population registration system (ADNKS) results dated 31 December 2022, Favorite Reports|url=https://biruni.tuik.gov.tr/medas/?kn=95&locale=en |access-date=19 September 2023|publisher=]|language=en|format=XLS}}</ref> The provincial capital is the city of ]. The ] majority province is part of ].<ref>{{cite book|last=Watts|first=Nicole F.|title=Activists in Office: Kurdish Politics and Protest in Turkey (Studies in Modernity and National Identity)|date=2010|publisher=University of Washington Press|isbn=978-0-295-99050-7|location=Seattle|page=}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|date=2002|title=Kurds, Kurdistān|url=https://referenceworks.brillonline.com/entries/encyclopaedia-of-islam-2/kurds-kurdistan-COM_0544?s.num=167&s.start=100|journal=Encyclopaedia of Islam|edition=2|publisher=]|isbn=9789004161214}}</ref>


== History ==
'''Diyarbakır''' is a ] in eastern ]. The province covers an area of 15,162 ] and as of the 2000 census it had a population of 1,362,708. ] form the majority.<ref> — ]</ref>
It has been home to many civilisations and the surrounding area including itself is home to many Mesolithic era stone carvings and artifacts. The province has been ruled by the ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], and ].


=== Administrative history ===
Its adjacent provinces are ] to the northwest, ] and ] to the west, ] to the southwest, ] to the south, ] to the east, ] to the east, and ] to the northeast. The capital is the city of ].

{{clear}}
In June 1927, the Law 1164 was passed<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/20607|title=Üçüncü Umumi Müfettişliği'nin Kurulması ve III. Umumî Müfettiş Tahsin Uzer'in Bazı Önemli Faaliyetleri|last=Aydogan|first=Erdal|access-date=8 April 2020}}</ref> allowing the creation of ] (]: ''Umumi Müffetişlik'').<ref name=":1">{{Cite book|last=Bayir|first=Derya|title=Minorities and Nationalism in Turkish Law|date=2016-04-22|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-317-09579-8|pages=139|language=en}}</ref>

The Diyarbakır province was therefore included in the ] ({{Langx|tr|Birinci Umumi Müffetişlik}}), which was created on the 1 January 1928 and also included ], ], ], ], ], ], and ].<ref name=":02">{{Cite book|last=Jongerden|first=Joost|title=The Settlement Issue in Turkey and the Kurds: An Analysis of Spatical Policies, Modernity and War|url=https://archive.org/details/settlementissuet00jong_169|url-access=limited|date=2007-01-01|publisher=BRILL|isbn=978-90-04-15557-2|pages=|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://pure.uva.nl/ws/files/867135/65687_13.pdf|title=Young Turk social engineering : mass violence and the nation state in eastern Turkey, 1913- 1950|last=Umut|first=Üngör|website=University of Amsterdam|page=258|access-date=8 April 2020}}</ref>

The Inspectorate-General was governed by an ], who governed with a wide-ranging authority over civilian, juridical and military matters.<ref name=":1" /> The office of the Inspector General was dissolved in 1952 during the government of the ].<ref>{{Cite book|last=Bozarslan|first=Hamit|title=The Cambridge History of Turkey|date=2008-04-17|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-0-521-62096-3|editor-last=Fleet|editor-first=Kate|pages=343|language=en|editor-last2=Faroqhi|editor-first2=Suraiya|editor-last3=Kasaba|editor-first3=Reşat|editor-last4=Kunt|editor-first4=I. Metin}}</ref>

During the 1930s, several place-names in the province were renamed into names which denoted a Turkish origin as part of the nationalist ] policy of the ] government.<ref>] (2011), ''The Making of Modern Turkey: Nation and State in Eastern Anatolia, 1913–1950''. Oxford: Oxford University Press, p. 244. {{ISBN|0-19-960360-X}}.</ref> Travel to Diyarbakır province was banned for foreign citizens until 1965.<ref name=":02" />

==== Modern history ====

In the ] a {{M|s|link=y}} 6.7 struck the town of ]. The town was re-established about {{convert|2|km|abbr=on}} south of its original location.

From 1987 to 2002, Diyarbakır Province was part of the ] (state of emergency) region which was declared to counter the ] (PKK) and governed by a so-called Supergovernor who got invested with additional powers than a normal Governor. In 1987 he was given the power to relocate and resettle whole villages, settlements and hamlets.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|title=The Settlement Issue in Turkey and the Kurds|url=https://archive.org/details/settlementissuet00jong_169|url-access=limited|last=Jongerden|first=Joost|publisher=Brill|year=2007|isbn=978-90-47-42011-8|pages=-142}}</ref> In December 1990 with the Decree No. 430, the supergovernor and the provincial governors in the OHAL region received immunity against any legal prosecution in connections with actions they made due to the powers they received with the Decree No. 430.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ecoi.net/en/file/local/1412115/ds164_02347tur.pdf|title=Profile of internal displacement: Turkey|last=Norwegian Refugee Council/Global IDP Project|date=4 October 2002|page=78}}</ref>

=== Archaeology ===
Archaeologists headed by the vice-rector of ], professor ], have claimed to discover the graves of the Seljuk Sultan of Rum ], who defeated the ]. They also revealed his daughter ]'s burial in ]. Researchers dug 2 meters deep across a 35-square-meter area and focused their works on two gravesites in ].<ref>{{Cite web|last=Gershon|first=Livia|title=Turkish Archaeologists Discover Grave of Sultan Who Defeated Crusaders|url=https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/grave-sultan-who-defeated-crusaders-uncovered-180976761/|access-date=2021-01-20|website=Smithsonian Magazine|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=AA|first=DAILY SABAH WITH|date=2021-01-13|title=Anatolian Seljuk Sultan Kılıç Arslan I's grave found in SE Turkey|url=https://www.dailysabah.com/arts/anatolian-seljuk-sultan-kilic-arslan-is-grave-found-in-se-turkey/news|access-date=2021-01-20|website=Daily Sabah|language=en}}</ref>


==Districts== ==Districts==
]
Diyarbakır province is divided into 14 ] (capital district in '''bold'''):
Diyarbakır province is divided into 17 ]:{{columns-list|*]
*]
*]
*] *]
*] *]
*] *]
*] *]
*''']'''
*] *]
*] *]
*] *]
*] *]
*]
*] *]
*] *]
*] *]
*] *]
*]
*]|colwidth=16em}}{{clear}}

==Population==
{{clear}} {{clear}}
<br />
{|class="wikitable" style="margin:1em auto; width: 80%"
|-
|style="background:red; text-align:center;" colspan="6"| '''<span style="color:#fff;">Assyrian and Armenian population in Diyarbakır Province in 1915-1916<ref>Gaunt, David. ''Massacres, Resistance, Protectors: Muslim-Christian Relations in Eastern Anatolia during World War I''. Piscataway, N.J.: Gorgias Press, 2006, p. 433.</ref></span>'''
|-
!
!Sect
!Before World War I
!Disappeared (killed)
!After World War I
|-
! rowspan="2" | Armenians
|]
|60,000
|58,000 (97%)
|2,000
|-
|]
|12,500
|11,500 (92%)
|1,000
|-
! rowspan="4" | Assyrians
|]
|11,120
|10,010 (90%)
|1,110
|-
|]
|5,600
|3,450 (62%)
|2,150
|-
|]
|84,725
|60,725 (72%)
|24,000
|-
|]
|725
|500 (69%)
|2,150
|-
|}<br />
== See also ==


* ]
== Notes ==
* ]
<div class="references-small">
* ]
<references />

</div>
==References==
{{reflist}}


== External links == == External links ==
* {{en icon}} * {{in lang|en}}
* {{en icon}} * {{in lang|en}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090212153102/http://www.turkeyforecast.com/weather/diyarbakir/ |date=2009-02-12 }}
* {{en icon}} * {{in lang|en}}
*
* {{in lang|en}}


{{Districts of Turkey|provname=Diyarbakır|image=Diyarbakir|}} {{Districts of Turkey|provname=Diyarbakır|image=Diyarbakir|}}
{{Provinces of Turkey}}
{{Authority control}}
{{coord|38|08|32|N|40|16|16|E|region:TR-21_type:adm1st|display=title}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Diyarbakir Province}}
{{coor title dms|38|08|32|N|40|16|16|E|region:TR-21_type:adm1st}}
]

]
{{SEAnatolia-geo-stub}}
] ]
]

]
]
]
]
]
]
]
]
]
]

Latest revision as of 20:43, 1 December 2024

Province of Turkey For other uses, see Diyarbakir Province (disambiguation). Province and metropolitan municipality in Turkey
Diyarbakır Province Diyarbakır ili
Province and metropolitan municipality
Location of the province within TurkeyLocation of the province within Turkey
CountryTurkey
SeatDiyarbakır
Government
 • GovernorAli İhsan Su
Area15,101 km (5,831 sq mi)
Population1,804,880
 • Density120/km (310/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+3 (TRT)
Area code0412
Websitewww.diyarbakir.bel.tr
www.diyarbakir.gov.tr

Diyarbakır Province (Turkish: Diyarbakır ili; Zazaki: Suke Diyarbekir; Kurdish: Parêzgeha Amedê) is a province and metropolitan municipality in southeastern Turkey. Its area is 15,101 km, and its population is 1,804,880 (2022). The provincial capital is the city of Diyarbakır. The Kurdish majority province is part of Turkish Kurdistan.

History

It has been home to many civilisations and the surrounding area including itself is home to many Mesolithic era stone carvings and artifacts. The province has been ruled by the Akkadians, Hurrians, Mittani, Medes, Hittites, Armenians, Arameans, Neo-Babylonians, Achaemenids, Greeks, Romans, Parthians, Byzantium, Sassanids, Arabs, Seljuk Empire, Mongol Empire, Safavid dynasty, Marwanids, and Ayyubids.

Administrative history

In June 1927, the Law 1164 was passed allowing the creation of Inspectorates-General (Turkish: Umumi Müffetişlik).

The Diyarbakır province was therefore included in the First Inspectorate General (Turkish: Birinci Umumi Müffetişlik), which was created on the 1 January 1928 and also included Hakkâri, Siirt, Van, Mardin, Bitlis, Sanlıurfa, and Elaziğ.

The Inspectorate-General was governed by an Inspector General, who governed with a wide-ranging authority over civilian, juridical and military matters. The office of the Inspector General was dissolved in 1952 during the government of the Democrat Party.

During the 1930s, several place-names in the province were renamed into names which denoted a Turkish origin as part of the nationalist Turkification policy of the Kemalist government. Travel to Diyarbakır province was banned for foreign citizens until 1965.

Modern history

In the 1975 Lice earthquake a Ms 6.7 struck the town of Lice. The town was re-established about 2 km (1.2 mi) south of its original location.

From 1987 to 2002, Diyarbakır Province was part of the OHAL (state of emergency) region which was declared to counter the Kurdistan Workers' Party (PKK) and governed by a so-called Supergovernor who got invested with additional powers than a normal Governor. In 1987 he was given the power to relocate and resettle whole villages, settlements and hamlets. In December 1990 with the Decree No. 430, the supergovernor and the provincial governors in the OHAL region received immunity against any legal prosecution in connections with actions they made due to the powers they received with the Decree No. 430.

Archaeology

Archaeologists headed by the vice-rector of Dicle University, professor Ahmet Tanyıldız, have claimed to discover the graves of the Seljuk Sultan of Rum Kilij Arslan I, who defeated the Crusaders. They also revealed his daughter Saide Hatun's burial in Silvan. Researchers dug 2 meters deep across a 35-square-meter area and focused their works on two gravesites in Orta Çeşme Park.

Districts

Diyarbakır province is divided into 17 districts:

Population


Assyrian and Armenian population in Diyarbakır Province in 1915-1916
Sect Before World War I Disappeared (killed) After World War I
Armenians Gregorians (Apostolic) 60,000 58,000 (97%) 2,000
Armenian Catholics 12,500 11,500 (92%) 1,000
Assyrians Chaldean Catholics 11,120 10,010 (90%) 1,110
Syriac Catholic 5,600 3,450 (62%) 2,150
Syriac Orthodox 84,725 60,725 (72%) 24,000
Protestants 725 500 (69%) 2,150


See also

References

  1. ^ "Address-based population registration system (ADNKS) results dated 31 December 2022, Favorite Reports" (XLS). TÜİK. Retrieved 19 September 2023.
  2. Zazaca -Türkçe Sözlük, R. Hayıg-B. Werner
  3. "Odeya Pizîşkên Amedê: 200 kes bi koronayê ketine". Rûpela nû (in Kurdish). 8 April 2020. Retrieved 27 April 2020.
  4. "İl ve İlçe Yüz ölçümleri". General Directorate of Mapping. Retrieved 19 September 2023.
  5. Watts, Nicole F. (2010). Activists in Office: Kurdish Politics and Protest in Turkey (Studies in Modernity and National Identity). Seattle: University of Washington Press. p. 167. ISBN 978-0-295-99050-7.
  6. "Kurds, Kurdistān". Encyclopaedia of Islam (2 ed.). BRILL. 2002. ISBN 9789004161214.
  7. Aydogan, Erdal. "Üçüncü Umumi Müfettişliği'nin Kurulması ve III. Umumî Müfettiş Tahsin Uzer'in Bazı Önemli Faaliyetleri". Retrieved 8 April 2020.
  8. ^ Bayir, Derya (2016-04-22). Minorities and Nationalism in Turkish Law. Routledge. p. 139. ISBN 978-1-317-09579-8.
  9. ^ Jongerden, Joost (2007-01-01). The Settlement Issue in Turkey and the Kurds: An Analysis of Spatical Policies, Modernity and War. BRILL. pp. 53. ISBN 978-90-04-15557-2.
  10. Umut, Üngör. "Young Turk social engineering : mass violence and the nation state in eastern Turkey, 1913- 1950" (PDF). University of Amsterdam. p. 258. Retrieved 8 April 2020.
  11. Bozarslan, Hamit (2008-04-17). Fleet, Kate; Faroqhi, Suraiya; Kasaba, Reşat; Kunt, I. Metin (eds.). The Cambridge History of Turkey. Cambridge University Press. p. 343. ISBN 978-0-521-62096-3.
  12. Üngör, Uğur (2011), The Making of Modern Turkey: Nation and State in Eastern Anatolia, 1913–1950. Oxford: Oxford University Press, p. 244. ISBN 0-19-960360-X.
  13. Jongerden, Joost (2007). The Settlement Issue in Turkey and the Kurds. Brill. pp. 141-142. ISBN 978-90-47-42011-8.
  14. Norwegian Refugee Council/Global IDP Project (4 October 2002). "Profile of internal displacement: Turkey" (PDF). p. 78.
  15. Gershon, Livia. "Turkish Archaeologists Discover Grave of Sultan Who Defeated Crusaders". Smithsonian Magazine. Retrieved 2021-01-20.
  16. AA, DAILY SABAH WITH (2021-01-13). "Anatolian Seljuk Sultan Kılıç Arslan I's grave found in SE Turkey". Daily Sabah. Retrieved 2021-01-20.
  17. Gaunt, David. Massacres, Resistance, Protectors: Muslim-Christian Relations in Eastern Anatolia during World War I. Piscataway, N.J.: Gorgias Press, 2006, p. 433.

External links

Diyarbakır Province of Turkey
Districts


Districts of Diyarbakır
Districts of Diyarbakır
List of provinces by region
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Metropolitan municipalities are bolded.
Provinces of Turkey
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38°08′32″N 40°16′16″E / 38.14222°N 40.27111°E / 38.14222; 40.27111

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