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{{Short description|Region of India}} {{Short description|Region of southwest India}}
{{other uses}} {{other uses}}
{{Distinguish|Kon Kan|Khon Kaen}} {{Distinguish|Kon Kan|Concan, Texas|Khon Kaen|Kanara}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2016}} {{Use dmy dates|date=May 2016}}
{{Use Indian English|date=May 2016}} {{Use Indian English|date=May 2016}}
{{Infobox settlement
⚫ ] beach on the Konkan coast of Maharashtra]]
| official_name = Konkan
'''Konkan''' is a ribbon of land on the west ] coast running from ] in the north to ] in the south, with the ] to the west and the ] in the east.<ref name="history" /> The ] east of the coast has numerous river valleys and riverine islands among the hilly slopes leading up into the ]s of the ]. The region has been recognized by name since at least the time of Strabo in the third century CE.<ref name="history" /> The best-known islands of Konkan are ], location of the ]'s capital ], and the ] on which sits ], the capital of Maharashtra.
| other_name =
| native_name =
| native_name_lang = kok
| image_skyline = Dabhol Beach.jpg
⚫ | caption = ] in ], Konkan division, Maharashtra. Beaches dotted with swaying coconut palms are a ubiquitous sight along the Konkani coast.
| image_map = Konkan Districts.png
| map_caption = Modern Districts of India forming the Konkan
⚫ | coordinates = {{coord|15.6|73.8|display=title}}
| settlement_type = Region
| subdivision_type = ]
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| parts_type =
| parts =
⚫ }}

The '''Konkan''' is a stretch of land by the ] of ], bound by the river ] at ] in the north, to ] next to ] town in the south; with the ] to the west and the ] to the east.<ref name="history" />{{verify source|reason=Political boundary of ] starts from ] this page is about the historical Konkan region not just the Konkan Division occupied by Maharashtra|date=June 2022}} The ] east of the coast has numerous river valleys, riverine islands and the hilly slopes known as the ]; that lead up into the ] of the ]. The region has been recognised by name, since at least the time of ] in the third century ].<ref name="history">{{cite book |last=Saradesāya |first=Manohararāya |author-link=Manohar Rai Sardesai |title=A History of Konkani Literature: From 1500 to 1992 |publisher=Sahitya Akademi |year=2000 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1YILeUD_oZUC&pg=PA1 |isbn=978-8-1720-1664-7 |location=India |pages=1–14 |chapter=The Land, the People and the Language}}</ref> It had a thriving mercantile port with ] tradesmen from the 10th century.<ref name="Wink1991">{{Cite book |last=Wink |first=André |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bCVyhH5VDjAC |title=Al-hind: The Making of the Indo-islamic World |year=1991 |publisher=] |isbn=978-90-04-09249-5 |page=68 |language=en}}</ref> The best-known islands of Konkan are ], the site of the ]'s capital at ]; also, the ], on which lies ], the capital of ] and the headquarters of ].{{Citation needed|date=February 2024}}


== Definition == == Definition ==
Historically, the limits of Konkan have been flexible and it has been known by additional names, for example ] and Gomanchal, the latter being defined as the coastal area between the ] in the north and the ] in the south.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/Goa_Through_the_Ages_An_economic_history/dwYDPnEjTb4C?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=daman+ganga+gangavalli&pg=PA7&printsec=frontcover|title=Goa Through the Ages: An economic history - Volume 2|publisher=Concept Publishing Company|year=1990|isbn=9788170222590|editor-last=De Souza|editor-first=Teotonio R.|location=India|pages=8-9}}</ref> Historically, the limits of Konkan have been flexible, and it has been known by additional names like "]" and "Gomanchal", the latter being defined as the coastal area between the ] in the north and the ] in the south.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dwYDPnEjTb4C&dq=daman+ganga+gangavalli&pg=PA7|title=Goa Through the Ages: An economic history - Volume 2|publisher=Concept Publishing Company|year=1990|isbn=9788170222590|editor-last=De Souza|editor-first=Teotonio R.|location=India|pages=8–9}}</ref>


The ancient '']'' was a larger geographical area that extended from ] to ] and included the whole region of coastal Maharashtra and ].<ref>] (2000) . ''A History of Konkani Literature: From 1500 to 1992''. Sahitya Akademi. pp. 1–14. {{ISBN|9788172016647}}. The ancient '']'' was a larger geographical area that extended from ] to ] and included the whole region of coastal ] and ].<ref name="history" /> However, this segment overlaps the Konkan and ] continuum; and usually corresponds to the southernmost and northernmost stretches of these locales respectively.{{Citation needed|date=February 2024}}
</ref>

However, this segment overlaps the Konkan and ] continuum; and usually corresponds to the southernmost and northernmost stretches of these locales respectively.


== Etymology == == Etymology ==
⚫ According to the '']'' of the '']'', ] threw his axe into the sea and commanded the Sea God to recede up to the point where his axe landed. The new piece of land thus recovered came to be known as ''Saptah-Konkana'', meaning "piece of earth", "corner of the earth", or "piece of the corner", derived from ] words: ''koṇa'' (कोण, corner) + ''kaṇa'' (कण, piece).<ref name="skanda">{{cite book |title=Shree Scanda Puran (Sayadri Khandha) |editor-last=Shastri Gaytonde |editor-first=Gajanan |language=mr |publisher=Shree Katyani Publication |publication-place=Mumbai}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |title=Gomantak Prakruti ani Sanskruti |version=Part 1 |page=206 |last=Satoskar |first=B. D. |language=mr |publisher=Shubhada Publication}}</ref> ], the noted ] ] monk, mentioned this region in his book as ''Konkana Desha''; ]'s ] described Konkan as a region of India; and 15th-century author Ratnakosh mentioned the word Konkandesha.<ref name="history" />


⚫ == Geography ==
⚫ ]
{{multiple image |align=right |direction=vertical |width=

⚫ |image1=Deogad Beach in Sindhudurg district ,Konkan region Maharashtra, India.JPG |caption1=Beach of ], ], in the ] of Maharashtra
⚫ According to the '']'' of the '']'', ] threw his axe into the sea and commanded the Sea God to recede up to the point where his axe landed. The new piece of land thus recovered came to be known as ''Saptah-Konkana'', meaning "piece of earth", "corner of earth", or "piece of corner", derived from ] words: ''koṇa'' (कोण, corner) + ''kaṇa'' (कण, piece).<ref name="skanda">
|image2=Ratnagiri Mountain Ranges.jpg |caption2=View of the ] in the village of Sathare Bambar, Ratnagiri district
{{cite book
| title = Shree Scanda Puran (Sayadri Khandha)
| editor-last = Shastri Gaytonde
| editor-first = Gajanan
| language = Marathi
| publisher = Shree Katyani Publication
| publication-place = Mumbai
}} }}
⚫ The Konkan extends throughout the western coasts of ], and ] .<ref name="history"/> It is bounded by the ] mountain range (also known as Sahyadri) in the east, the ] in the west, the ] in the north, and the ] in the south. The Gangavalli flows in the district of ] in present-day ]. Its northern bank constitutes the southernmost portion of Konkan. The towns of ], ], ], ], and ] fall within the Konkan coast. The largest city on the Konkan coast is ], the state capital of ]. Districts on the Konkan coast are, from north to south:<ref>{{Cite web|last=Limited|first=Nigade Software Technologies (opc) Private|title=Konkan Division District List (कोंकण विभाग जिल्हा यादी)|url=http://www.swapp.co.in/site/indianstatedistrictlist.php?stateid=j1YKCtUvHkShwKBqk6iHow==&divisionid=bRbHGKvCu7LMDJJGUsYuQA==|access-date=2022-01-26|website=www.swapp.co.in}}</ref>
</ref><ref>
⚫ *] district
{{cite book
⚫ * ]
| title = Gomantak Prakruti ani Sanskruti
⚫ * ]
| version = Part 1
⚫ * ]
| page = 206
⚫ * ]
| last = Satoskar
⚫ * ]
| first = B. D.
⚫ * ]
| language = Marathi
* ]
| publisher = Shubhada Publication
* ](Karwar to Bhatkal)
⚫ }}
</ref> ], the noted ] ] monk, mentioned this region in his book as ''Konkana Desha''; ]'s ] described Konkan as a region of India; and 15th century author Ratnakosh mentioned the word Konkandesha.<ref name="history">
{{cite book|last=Saradesāya|first=Manohararāya|title=A History of Konkani Literature: From 1500 to 1992|publisher=Sahitya Akademi|year=2000|isbn=8172016646|location=India|pages=1–14|chapter=The Land, the People and the Language}}
</ref>

⚫ == Geography ==
Konkan extends throughout the western coasts of ], ] and ].<ref name="history"/> It is bounded by the ] mountain range (also known as Sahyadri) in the east, the ] in the west, the ] in the north and the ] in the south.

The Gangavalli flows in the district of ] in present-day ]. Its northern bank constitutes the southernmost portion of Konkan. The towns of ], ], ], ] and ] fall within the Konkan coast.

]s and the roadways and railways connecting them]]

⚫ The largest city on the Konkan coast is ], the state capital of Maharashtra. The others are, from north to south:<ref>{{Cite web|last=Limited|first=Nigade Software Technologies (opc) Private|title=Konkan Division District List (कोंकण विभाग जिल्हा यादी)|url=http://www.swapp.co.in/site/indianstatedistrictlist.php?stateid&#61;j1YKCtUvHkShwKBqk6iHow&#61;&#61;&divisionid&#61;bRbHGKvCu7LMDJJGUsYuQA&#61;&#61;|access-date=2022-01-26|website=www.swapp.co.in}}</ref>
⚫ # ]
⚫ # ]
⚫ # ]
⚫ # ]
⚫ # ]
⚫ # ]
⚫ # ]
# ]
# ] (])


== Ethnology == == Ethnology ==
{{main|Konkani people}} {{main|Konkani people}}


⚫ The main ethnolinguistic group of the Konkan region is the ]. Specific caste and communities found in the region are the ], ], ], ], ], ], Mangela, Karadi, Phudagi, Vaiti, ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ] (also includes Rajapur Saraswats and Chitrapur Saraswats), ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ] ], Ghorpi, Nath Jogi, ], Pagi, Kalan, Ghadi, Padti, Vanjari, ] and others. ], ], ], ] and Linghayat communities found in the parts of Karnataka which are near to Konkan.
The main ethnolinguistic group of the Konkan region is the ].


⚫ Tribal communities include the ], Thakar, ], ] and Mahadev Koli, mainly found in the northern and central parts of Konkan. The ] and ] tribes live in southern ], ] and ] of ]. Palghar district has the largest percentage of tribal population in Konkan. A small nomadic tribe called the Vanarmare is found in southern parts of Konkan, which was originally associated with the hunting of monkeys. The ] and Velip tribes are found in Goa.
⚫ Specific caste and communities found in the region are the ], ], ], ], ], ], Mangela, Karadi, Phudagi, Vaiti, ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], Padti, ], ] (also includes Rajapur Saraswats and Chitrapur Saraswats), ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], Ghorpi, Nath Jogi, ], Ghadi, ] and others. ], ] and Linghayat communities found in the parts of Karnataka which are near to Konkan.


⚫ The Jewish community called ] is mainly found in ]. The Christians included ] in North Konkan and ], ] in ], ] in ] as well as ] in ] and ].
⚫ Tribal communities include the ], Thakar, ], ] and Mahadev Koli, mainly found in the northern and central parts of Konkan. The Dubla and Dhodia tribes in southern ], ], and ] of ] are also part if Konkan. Palghar district has the largest percentage of tribal population in Konkan. A small nomadic tribe called the Vanarmare is found in southern parts of Konkan, which was originally associated with the hunting of monkeys. The Gauda and Velip tribes are found in Goa.


Major Muslim communities like ] and ]s are scattered throughout the whole region. They are reportedly descendants of people who came from ] (in ] or ]),<ref name="Khalidi1996">{{citation |last=Khalidi |first=Omar |author-link=Omar Khalidi |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=O_WNqSH4ByQC&pg=PA52 |chapter=The Arabs of Hadramawt in Hyderabad |title=Mediaeval Deccan History |editor1=Kulkarni |editor2=Naeem |editor3=De Souza |publisher=Popular Prakashan |location=] |year=1996 |isbn=978-8-1715-4579-7}}</ref> and other parts of ] and the ]. The ]s have their roots in ].<ref name="Wink1991" />
⚫ The Jewish community called ] is mainly found in ]. The Christians included ] in North Konkan and Mumbai, ] in ], ] in ] as well as ] in ] and ]. Minorities of Muslim communities like ] and ]s are scattered throughout the region.
spanish as well


==See also== == See also ==
⚫ *]
*] *]
*]
*]
*] *]
*] *]
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*] *]


==References== == References ==
{{Reflist}} {{Reflist}}


==External links== == External links ==
*{{wikivoyage-inline|Konkan}} *{{wikivoyage inline|Konkan}}
* - A Complete Guide on Tourism * – a complete guide on tourism
* *
* * {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210829150556/https://trendifyworld.com/kokan-darshan-the-best-tourist-places-in-maharashtra/ |date=29 August 2021 }}


{{Maharashtra}} {{Maharashtra}}
{{Western Ghats}} {{Western Ghats}}
{{GeoSouthAsia}} {{GeoSouthAsia}}

⚫ {{coord|15.6|73.8|display=title}}


] ]
Line 100: Line 83:
] ]
] ]
⚫ ]
] ]
]

Latest revision as of 14:27, 1 January 2025

Region of southwest India For other uses, see Konkan (disambiguation). Not to be confused with Kon Kan; Concan, Texas; Khon Kaen; or Kanara.

Region in India
Konkan
Region
Dabhol in Ratnagiri district, Konkan division, Maharashtra. Beaches dotted with swaying coconut palms are a ubiquitous sight along the Konkani coast.Dabhol in Ratnagiri district, Konkan division, Maharashtra. Beaches dotted with swaying coconut palms are a ubiquitous sight along the Konkani coast.
Modern Districts of India forming the KonkanModern Districts of India forming the Konkan
Coordinates: 15°36′N 73°48′E / 15.6°N 73.8°E / 15.6; 73.8
Country India

The Konkan is a stretch of land by the western coast of India, bound by the river Daman Ganga at Damaon in the north, to Anjediva Island next to Karwar town in the south; with the Arabian Sea to the west and the Deccan plateau to the east. The hinterland east of the coast has numerous river valleys, riverine islands and the hilly slopes known as the Western Ghats; that lead up into the tablelands of the Deccan. The region has been recognised by name, since at least the time of Strabo in the third century CE. It had a thriving mercantile port with Arab tradesmen from the 10th century. The best-known islands of Konkan are Ilhas de Goa, the site of the Goa state's capital at Panjim; also, the Seven Islands of Bombay, on which lies Mumbai, the capital of Maharashtra and the headquarters of Konkan Division.

Definition

Historically, the limits of Konkan have been flexible, and it has been known by additional names like "Aparanta" and "Gomanchal", the latter being defined as the coastal area between the Daman Ganga River in the north and the Gangavalli River in the south.

The ancient Sapta Konkan was a larger geographical area that extended from Gujarat to Kerala and included the whole region of coastal Maharashtra and coastal Karnataka. However, this segment overlaps the Konkan and Malabar coast continuum; and usually corresponds to the southernmost and northernmost stretches of these locales respectively.

Etymology

According to the Sahyadrikhanda of the Skanda Purana, Parashurama threw his axe into the sea and commanded the Sea God to recede up to the point where his axe landed. The new piece of land thus recovered came to be known as Saptah-Konkana, meaning "piece of earth", "corner of the earth", or "piece of the corner", derived from Sanskrit words: koṇa (कोण, corner) + kaṇa (कण, piece). Xuanzang, the noted Chinese Buddhist monk, mentioned this region in his book as Konkana Desha; Varahamihira's Brihat-Samhita described Konkan as a region of India; and 15th-century author Ratnakosh mentioned the word Konkandesha.

Geography

Beach of Devgad taluka, Sindhudurg district, in the State of MaharashtraView of the Sahyadri Mountains in the village of Sathare Bambar, Ratnagiri district

The Konkan extends throughout the western coasts of Maharashtra, and Goa . It is bounded by the Western Ghats mountain range (also known as Sahyadri) in the east, the Arabian Sea in the west, the Daman Ganga River in the north, and the River Aghanashini in the south. The Gangavalli flows in the district of Uttara Kannada in present-day Karnataka. Its northern bank constitutes the southernmost portion of Konkan. The towns of Karwar, Ankola, Kumta, Honavar, and Bhatkal fall within the Konkan coast. The largest city on the Konkan coast is Mumbai, the state capital of Maharashtra. Districts on the Konkan coast are, from north to south:

Ethnology

Main article: Konkani people

The main ethnolinguistic group of the Konkan region is the Konkani people. Specific caste and communities found in the region are the Aagri, Koli, Bhandari, Kunbi, Maratha, Gabit, Mangela, Karadi, Phudagi, Vaiti, Kharvi, Teli, Kumbhar, Nhavi, Dhobi, Kasar, Sutar, Lohar, Chambhar, Mahar, Dhangar, Gaud Saraswat Brahmin (also includes Rajapur Saraswats and Chitrapur Saraswats), Kudaldeshkar, Pathare Prabhu, Gomantak Maratha, Chitpavan Brahmins, Karhade Brahmins, Daivadnya, Kayastha Prabhu, Panchkalshi, Vani, Komarpant, Vadval Gavli, Ghorpi, Nath Jogi, Gurav, Pagi, Kalan, Ghadi, Padti, Vanjari, Namdev Shimpi and others. Billava, Bunt, Nadavara, Mogaveera and Linghayat communities found in the parts of Karnataka which are near to Konkan.

Tribal communities include the Katkari, Thakar, Konkana, Warli and Mahadev Koli, mainly found in the northern and central parts of Konkan. The Dubla and Dhodia tribes live in southern Gujarat, Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Palghar district of Maharashtra. Palghar district has the largest percentage of tribal population in Konkan. A small nomadic tribe called the Vanarmare is found in southern parts of Konkan, which was originally associated with the hunting of monkeys. The Gauda and Velip tribes are found in Goa.

The Jewish community called Bene Israel is mainly found in Raigad district. The Christians included Bombay East Indians in North Konkan and Mumbai, Goan Catholics in Goa, Karwari Catholics in Uttara Kannada as well as Mangalorean Catholics in Udupi and Dakshina Kannada.

Major Muslim communities like Konkani Muslims and Nawayaths are scattered throughout the whole region. They are reportedly descendants of people who came from Hadhramaut (in Yemen or South Arabia), and other parts of Arabia and the Middle East. The Siddis have their roots in Africa. spanish as well

See also

References

  1. ^ Saradesāya, Manohararāya (2000). "The Land, the People and the Language". A History of Konkani Literature: From 1500 to 1992. India: Sahitya Akademi. pp. 1–14. ISBN 978-8-1720-1664-7.
  2. ^ Wink, André (1991). Al-hind: The Making of the Indo-islamic World. Brill. p. 68. ISBN 978-90-04-09249-5.
  3. De Souza, Teotonio R., ed. (1990). Goa Through the Ages: An economic history - Volume 2. India: Concept Publishing Company. pp. 8–9. ISBN 9788170222590.
  4. Shastri Gaytonde, Gajanan (ed.). Shree Scanda Puran (Sayadri Khandha) (in Marathi). Mumbai: Shree Katyani Publication.
  5. Satoskar, B. D. Gomantak Prakruti ani Sanskruti. Part 1 (in Marathi). Shubhada Publication. p. 206.
  6. Limited, Nigade Software Technologies (opc) Private. "Konkan Division District List (कोंकण विभाग जिल्हा यादी)". www.swapp.co.in. Retrieved 26 January 2022. {{cite web}}: |last= has generic name (help)
  7. Khalidi, Omar (1996), "The Arabs of Hadramawt in Hyderabad", in Kulkarni; Naeem; De Souza (eds.), Mediaeval Deccan History, Bombay: Popular Prakashan, ISBN 978-8-1715-4579-7

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