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| image_skyline = Landscape Covasna County.jpg | | image_skyline = Landscape Covasna County.jpg | ||
| image_caption = Landscape in the northern part of Covasna County | | image_caption = Landscape in the northern part of Covasna County | ||
| image_flag = | | image_flag = Flag of Covasna County, Romania.svg | ||
| flag_link = | | flag_link = | ||
| image_shield = Coa Romania County Kovászna.svg | | image_shield = Coa Romania County Kovászna.svg | ||
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| subdivision_name3 = ] | | subdivision_name3 = ] | ||
| government_footnotes = | | government_footnotes = | ||
| government_type = County |
| government_type = County Council | ||
| leader_party = ] | | leader_party = ] | ||
| leader_title = President of the County |
| leader_title = President of the County Council | ||
| leader_name = |
| leader_name = {{ill|Sándor Tamás|ro}} | ||
| leader_title1 = Prefect<sup>2</sup> | | leader_title1 = Prefect<sup>2</sup> | ||
| leader_name1 = |
| leader_name1 = {{ill|István Ráduly|ro}} | ||
| established_title = | | established_title = | ||
| established_date = | | established_date = | ||
Line 48: | Line 48: | ||
| elevation_ft = | | elevation_ft = | ||
| coordinates = {{coord|45.9|26.03|region:RO|display=inline,title}} | | coordinates = {{coord|45.9|26.03|region:RO|display=inline,title}} | ||
|population_total = {{Romania metadata Wikidata|population_total}} | |||
| population_as_of = 2011 | |||
|population_as_of = {{Romania metadata Wikidata|population_as_of}} | |||
| population_footnotes = | |||
|population_footnotes = {{Romania metadata Wikidata|population_footnotes}} | |||
| population_total = 210,177<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.recensamantromania.ro/wp-content/uploads/2013/07/sR_Tab_8.xls|title=8. Populatia Stabila Dupa Etnie|website=Recensamantromania.ro|access-date=11 April 2018}}</ref> | |||
| population_rank = ] | | population_rank = ] | ||
| population_density_km2 = 60 | | population_density_km2 = 60 | ||
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| blank2_info = US$6,071 (''2015'') | | blank2_info = US$6,071 (''2015'') | ||
| footnotes = <sup>1</sup>The developing regions of ] have no administrative role. <br /><sup>2</sup> as of 2007, the Prefect is not a politician, but a public functionary. He (or she) is not allowed to be a member of a political party, and is banned to have any political activity in the first six months after the resignation (or exclusion) from the public functionary corps<br /><sup>3</sup>w, x, y, and z are digits that indicate the city, the street, part of the street, or even the building of the address<br /><sup>4</sup>x is a digit indicating the operator: 2 for the former national operator, ], and 3 for the other ground telephone networks<br /><sup>5</sup>used on both the plates of the vehicles that operate only in the county limits (like utility vehicles, ]s, etc.), and the ones used outside the county | | footnotes = <sup>1</sup>The developing regions of ] have no administrative role. <br /><sup>2</sup> as of 2007, the Prefect is not a politician, but a public functionary. He (or she) is not allowed to be a member of a political party, and is banned to have any political activity in the first six months after the resignation (or exclusion) from the public functionary corps<br /><sup>3</sup>w, x, y, and z are digits that indicate the city, the street, part of the street, or even the building of the address<br /><sup>4</sup>x is a digit indicating the operator: 2 for the former national operator, ], and 3 for the other ground telephone networks<br /><sup>5</sup>used on both the plates of the vehicles that operate only in the county limits (like utility vehicles, ]s, etc.), and the ones used outside the county | ||
| website = <br /> | | website = <br /> | ||
}} | }} | ||
'''Covasna County''' ({{IPA |
'''Covasna County''' ({{IPA|ro|koˈvasna|-|Ro-Covasna.ogg}}, {{langx|hu|Kovászna megye}}, {{IPA-hu|ˈkovaːsnɒ}}) is a county (]) of ], in eastern ], with the county seat at ]. | ||
== |
==Demographics== | ||
⚫ | In 2011, it had a population of 210,177, making it the second least populous of Romania's 41 counties and the population density was {{convert|55.6|PD/km2}}. | ||
⚫ | In 2011, it had a population of 210,177, making it the second least populous of Romania's 41 counties and the population density was 55.6/ |
||
In 2002 the ethnic composition of the county was as follows: | In 2002 the ethnic composition of the county was as follows: | ||
* ] – 73.58% (or 164,158)<ref>National Institute of Statistics, |
* ] – 73.58% (or 164,158)<ref>National Institute of Statistics, {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090816034908/http://www.recensamant.ro/pagini/tabele/t40a.pdf |date=16 August 2009 }}</ref> | ||
* ] – 23.28% (or 51,790) | * ] – 23.28% (or 51,790) | ||
* ] – 2.68% (or 5,973) | * ] – 2.68% (or 5,973) | ||
According to the 2011 census, the composition of the county was: | According to the ], the composition of the county was: | ||
* ] – 73.74% (or 150,468)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.recensamantromania.ro/wp-content/uploads/2013/07/sR_Tab_8.xls|title=Recensamantul Populatiei si Locuintelor 2011: Populația stabilă după etnie – județe, municipii, orașe, comune|website=Recensamantromania.ro|access-date=11 April 2018}}</ref> | * ] – 73.74% (or 150,468)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.recensamantromania.ro/wp-content/uploads/2013/07/sR_Tab_8.xls|title=Recensamantul Populatiei si Locuintelor 2011: Populația stabilă după etnie – județe, municipii, orașe, comune|website=Recensamantromania.ro|access-date=11 April 2018|archive-date=18 January 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160118131243/http://www.recensamantromania.ro/wp-content/uploads/2013/07/sR_Tab_8.xls|url-status=dead}}</ref> | ||
* ] – 22.02% (or 45,021) | * ] – 22.02% (or 45,021) | ||
* ] – 4.05% (or 8,267) | * ] – 4.05% (or 8,267) | ||
* ] |
* ] – 0.19% | ||
According to the ], the composition of the county was: | |||
* ] – 71.77% (or 133,444) | |||
* ] – 22.99% (or 42,752) | |||
* ] – 5.11% (or 9,507) | |||
* ] – 0.13% (or 238) | |||
Covasna County has the second-greatest percentage of ] population in ], just behind the neighboring county of ]. The |
Covasna County has the second-greatest percentage of ] population in ], just behind the neighboring county of ]. The Hungarians of Covasna are primarily ]. | ||
{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
|- | |- | ||
! Year | ! Year | ||
! County population<ref>National Institute of Statistics, |
! County population<ref>National Institute of Statistics, {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060922081325/http://www.insse.ro/rpl2002rezgen/18.pdf |date=22 September 2006 }}</ref> | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 1948 | ! 1948 | ||
Line 124: | Line 130: | ||
| 210,177 {{decrease}} | | 210,177 {{decrease}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! |
! 2021 | ||
| 200,042 {{decrease}} | |||
| ] | |||
|} | |} | ||
==Geography== | ==Geography== | ||
Covasna county has a total area of |
Covasna county has a total area of {{cvt|3710|km2}}. | ||
The main part of the relief consists of mountains from the ] group. Most localities can be found in the valleys and depressions located along the different rivers crossing the county. The main river is the ]; along its banks lies the capital city ]. | The main part of the relief consists of mountains from the ] group. Most localities can be found in the valleys and depressions located along the different rivers crossing the county. The main river is the ]; along its banks lies the capital city ]. | ||
===Neighbours=== | ===Neighbours=== | ||
Line 141: | Line 147: | ||
==Economy== | ==Economy== | ||
{{Unsourced|section|date=August 2022}} | |||
Covasna County's industry's main sectors are food industry (33.79%), ready-made garment and textile (21.93%), wood and wooden products (14.98%), metals, machines and automotive suppliers (10.31%), building materials (9.68%). Other sectors of industry are chemicals (4.67%), toys (2.02%), water (1.09%), printing (0.45%), energy (0.13%), jewelry (0.05%), and other industrial activities (0.83%). | Covasna County's industry's main sectors are food industry (33.79%), ready-made garment and textile (21.93%), wood and wooden products (14.98%), metals, machines and automotive suppliers (10.31%), building materials (9.68%). Other sectors of industry are chemicals (4.67%), toys (2.02%), water (1.09%), printing (0.45%), energy (0.13%), jewelry (0.05%), and other industrial activities (0.83%). | ||
Industry represents 42.53% of Covasna County's economy. The other main sectors are trade with 30.98%, services 11.38%, agriculture 9.71%, construction 5.78%, and R&D and high-tech 2.63%. | Industry represents 42.53% of Covasna County's economy. The other main sectors are trade with 30.98%, services 11.38%, agriculture 9.71%, construction 5.78%, and ] and high-tech 2.63%. | ||
Companies from Covasna County's industry produced in 2014 almost half a billion |
Companies from Covasna County's industry produced in 2014 almost half a billion ]s | ||
(477,199,849 EUR) turnover, with a staggering 10.78% increase in volume compared to the preceding year's income. | |||
One of Covasna County's main industrial sectors is the ready-made garment industry, where processing companies are owned by German investors, who started to establish first brown-field investments in 1992, and since then they operate nine factories producing yearly 5 million trousers for brands like Bosch, Meyer, Wegener. Other privately owned companies in the field of textiles, producing different articles; some of them have their own brand, while the others work in lohn systems. | One of Covasna County's main industrial sectors is the ready-made garment industry, where processing companies are owned by German investors, who started to establish first brown-field investments in 1992, and since then they operate nine factories producing yearly 5 million trousers for brands like ], Meyer, and Wegener. Other privately owned companies in the field of textiles, producing different articles; some of them have their own brand, while the others work in lohn systems. | ||
In 2015 the Schweighoffer Holzindustrie started, after investing 150 million EUR in a new plant for primary ]. With the rich forested areas, Covasna has a long tradition of sawn timber export and production of furniture and other finished wooden products. Recently created the ProWood Cluster in the interest of the industry. | In 2015 the Schweighoffer Holzindustrie started, after investing 150 million ] in a new plant for primary ]. With the rich forested areas, Covasna has a long tradition of sawn timber export and production of furniture and other finished wooden products. Recently created the ProWood Cluster in the interest of the industry. | ||
A few years ago automotive industry suppliers were established, with two new plants producing steering wheels and electric circuits for vehicles. The automotive industry suppliers from Covasna and neighboring Braşov are offers a vast pallet of competitive products, from boards for Mercedes cars to Airbus helicopters, while having a good potential for growth. Nevertheless, is important to mention Poliprod, the French owned family business of Champrenaut Group involved in steel work, locksmithery, welding, machining or the major producer of electric ceramic heaters in Eastern Europe, member of the Canadian Delta Group. This industry can build up its workforce with new students from the large technical university in Brasov. | A few years ago automotive industry suppliers were established, with two new plants producing steering wheels and electric circuits for vehicles. The automotive industry suppliers from Covasna and neighboring Braşov are offers a vast pallet of competitive products, from boards for Mercedes cars to Airbus helicopters, while having a good potential for growth. Nevertheless, is important to mention Poliprod, the French owned family business of Champrenaut Group involved in steel work, locksmithery, welding, machining or the major producer of electric ceramic heaters in Eastern Europe, member of the Canadian Delta Group. This industry can build up its workforce with new students from the large technical university in Brasov. | ||
Covalact is a well-known national dairy product brand, now owned by Dutch investors. Another milk processing plant is under brand Olympus, with Greek investors, establishing its |
Covalact is a well-known national dairy product brand, now owned by Dutch investors. Another milk processing plant is under brand Olympus, with Greek investors, establishing its headquarters in the county. | ||
Meat processing companies are the Bertis and Toro Impex, who are regionally active players, while the Norvegian Orkla food producing network has a meat canning plant in Covasna. | Meat processing companies are the Bertis and Toro Impex, who are regionally active players, while the Norvegian Orkla food producing network has a meat canning plant in Covasna. | ||
Dunapack, a member of the Austrian Prizhorn, supplies corrugated cardboard boxes to almost all industry branches, from FMCG to fruit, vegetables and electronics. | Dunapack, a member of the Austrian Prizhorn, supplies corrugated cardboard boxes to almost all industry branches, from ] to fruit, vegetables, and electronics. | ||
While IT&C as an industry sector is in emerging state, Covasna County's strategy for development plans to use this field of activity as one pillar for development. Many new start-ups are in the area successful deploying large projects for sound international companies. Many young technicians arrive from universities. | While IT&C as an industry sector is in emerging state, Covasna County's strategy for development plans to use this field of activity as one pillar for development. Many new start-ups are in the area successful deploying large projects for sound international companies. Many young technicians arrive from universities. | ||
Line 175: | Line 183: | ||
** ] | ** ] | ||
** ] | ** ] | ||
** ] | ** ] | ||
** ] | ** ] | ||
** ] | ** ] | ||
** ] | ** ] | ||
** ] | ** ] | ||
** ] | ** ] | ||
Line 187: | Line 195: | ||
** ] | ** ] | ||
==Politics== | == Politics == | ||
The Covasna County Council, renewed at the ], consists of 30 counsellors, with the following party composition:<ref>{{Cite web|language=ro|url=https://prezenta.roaep.ro/locale27092020/data/json/sicpv/pv/pv_vs_final.json|format=Json|title=Rezultatele finale ale alegerilor locale din 2020|publisher=Autoritatea Electorală Permanentă|accessdate=2020-11-02}}</ref> | The Covasna County Council, renewed at the ], consists of 30 counsellors, with the following party composition:<ref>{{Cite web|language=ro|url=https://prezenta.roaep.ro/locale27092020/data/json/sicpv/pv/pv_vs_final.json|format=Json|title=Rezultatele finale ale alegerilor locale din 2020|publisher=Autoritatea Electorală Permanentă|accessdate=2020-11-02}}</ref> | ||
Line 198: | Line 207: | ||
|- | |- | ||
| {{party color cell|Democratic Alliance of Hungarians in Romania}} | | {{party color cell|Democratic Alliance of Hungarians in Romania}} | ||
| ] (UDMR) | | ] (UDMR/RMDSZ) | ||
| style="text-align: right" | '''22''' | | style="text-align: right" | '''22''' | ||
| {{party color cell|Democratic Alliance of Hungarians in Romania}} | | {{party color cell|Democratic Alliance of Hungarians in Romania}} | ||
Line 356: | Line 365: | ||
==See also== | ==See also== | ||
*Former ] of the ] | *Former ] of the ] | ||
*Former ] of the ] | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Line 362: | Line 372: | ||
==External links== | ==External links== | ||
* {{cite web|url=https://visitcovasna.com/|title=Visit Covasna}} | |||
* – site of Covasna | |||
{{Covasna County}} | {{Covasna County}} |
Latest revision as of 01:55, 3 November 2024
County of RomaniaCounty in Centru, Romania
Covasna County Județul CovasnaKovászna megye | |
---|---|
County | |
Landscape in the northern part of Covasna County | |
FlagCoat of arms | |
Coordinates: 45°54′N 26°02′E / 45.9°N 26.03°E / 45.9; 26.03 | |
Country | Romania |
Development region | Centru |
Historic region | Transylvania |
Capital city (Reședință de județ) | Sfântu Gheorghe |
Government | |
• Type | County Council |
• President of the County Council | Sándor Tamás [ro] (UDMR) |
• Prefect | István Ráduly [ro] |
Area | |
• Total | 3,710 km (1,430 sq mi) |
• Rank | 39th in Romania |
Population | |
• Total | 200,042 |
• Rank | 42nd in Romania |
• Density | 60/km (200/sq mi) |
Time zone | UTC+2 (EET) |
• Summer (DST) | UTC+3 (EEST) |
Postal Code | 52wxyz |
Area code | +40 x67 |
Car plates | CV |
GDP | US$1.275 billion (2015) |
GDP per capita | US$6,071 (2015) |
Website | County Council County Prefecture |
The developing regions of Romania have no administrative role. as of 2007, the Prefect is not a politician, but a public functionary. He (or she) is not allowed to be a member of a political party, and is banned to have any political activity in the first six months after the resignation (or exclusion) from the public functionary corps w, x, y, and z are digits that indicate the city, the street, part of the street, or even the building of the address x is a digit indicating the operator: 2 for the former national operator, Romtelecom, and 3 for the other ground telephone networks used on both the plates of the vehicles that operate only in the county limits (like utility vehicles, ATVs, etc.), and the ones used outside the county |
Covasna County (Romanian pronunciation: [koˈvasna] , Hungarian: Kovászna megye, Hungarian pronunciation: [ˈkovaːsnɒ]) is a county (județ) of Romania, in eastern Transylvania, with the county seat at Sfântu Gheorghe.
Demographics
In 2011, it had a population of 210,177, making it the second least populous of Romania's 41 counties and the population density was 55.6 inhabitants per square kilometre (144/sq mi).
In 2002 the ethnic composition of the county was as follows:
- Hungarians – 73.58% (or 164,158)
- Romanians – 23.28% (or 51,790)
- Romani – 2.68% (or 5,973)
According to the 2011 census, the composition of the county was:
- Hungarians – 73.74% (or 150,468)
- Romanians – 22.02% (or 45,021)
- Romani – 4.05% (or 8,267)
- Others – 0.19%
According to the 2021 census, the composition of the county was:
- Hungarians – 71.77% (or 133,444)
- Romanians – 22.99% (or 42,752)
- Romani – 5.11% (or 9,507)
- Others – 0.13% (or 238)
Covasna County has the second-greatest percentage of Hungarian population in Romania, just behind the neighboring county of Harghita. The Hungarians of Covasna are primarily Székelys.
Year | County population |
---|---|
1948 | 157,166 |
1956 | 172,509 |
1966 | 176,858 |
1977 | 199,017 |
1992 | 232,592 |
2002 | 222,449 |
2011 | 210,177 |
2021 | 200,042 |
Geography
Covasna county has a total area of 3,710 km (1,430 sq mi).
The main part of the relief consists of mountains from the Eastern Carpathians group. Most localities can be found in the valleys and depressions located along the different rivers crossing the county. The main river is the Olt River; along its banks lies the capital city Sfântu Gheorghe.
Neighbours
AB AR AG BC BH BN BT BV BR BZ CS CL CJ CT CV DB DJ GL GR GJ HR HD IL IS IF MM MH MS NT OT PH SM SJ SB SV TR TM TL VS VL VN B- Vrancea County and Bacău County in the east
- Brașov County in the west
- Harghita County in the north
- Buzău County in the south
Economy
This section does not cite any sources. Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Find sources: "Covasna County" – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (August 2022) (Learn how and when to remove this message) |
Covasna County's industry's main sectors are food industry (33.79%), ready-made garment and textile (21.93%), wood and wooden products (14.98%), metals, machines and automotive suppliers (10.31%), building materials (9.68%). Other sectors of industry are chemicals (4.67%), toys (2.02%), water (1.09%), printing (0.45%), energy (0.13%), jewelry (0.05%), and other industrial activities (0.83%).
Industry represents 42.53% of Covasna County's economy. The other main sectors are trade with 30.98%, services 11.38%, agriculture 9.71%, construction 5.78%, and R&D and high-tech 2.63%.
Companies from Covasna County's industry produced in 2014 almost half a billion euros (477,199,849 EUR) turnover, with a staggering 10.78% increase in volume compared to the preceding year's income.
One of Covasna County's main industrial sectors is the ready-made garment industry, where processing companies are owned by German investors, who started to establish first brown-field investments in 1992, and since then they operate nine factories producing yearly 5 million trousers for brands like Bosch, Meyer, and Wegener. Other privately owned companies in the field of textiles, producing different articles; some of them have their own brand, while the others work in lohn systems.
In 2015 the Schweighoffer Holzindustrie started, after investing 150 million EUR in a new plant for primary wood processing. With the rich forested areas, Covasna has a long tradition of sawn timber export and production of furniture and other finished wooden products. Recently created the ProWood Cluster in the interest of the industry.
A few years ago automotive industry suppliers were established, with two new plants producing steering wheels and electric circuits for vehicles. The automotive industry suppliers from Covasna and neighboring Braşov are offers a vast pallet of competitive products, from boards for Mercedes cars to Airbus helicopters, while having a good potential for growth. Nevertheless, is important to mention Poliprod, the French owned family business of Champrenaut Group involved in steel work, locksmithery, welding, machining or the major producer of electric ceramic heaters in Eastern Europe, member of the Canadian Delta Group. This industry can build up its workforce with new students from the large technical university in Brasov.
Covalact is a well-known national dairy product brand, now owned by Dutch investors. Another milk processing plant is under brand Olympus, with Greek investors, establishing its headquarters in the county.
Meat processing companies are the Bertis and Toro Impex, who are regionally active players, while the Norvegian Orkla food producing network has a meat canning plant in Covasna.
Dunapack, a member of the Austrian Prizhorn, supplies corrugated cardboard boxes to almost all industry branches, from FMCG to fruit, vegetables, and electronics.
While IT&C as an industry sector is in emerging state, Covasna County's strategy for development plans to use this field of activity as one pillar for development. Many new start-ups are in the area successful deploying large projects for sound international companies. Many young technicians arrive from universities.
Agriculture represents 4.83% of Covasna County's economy, mainly producing varieties of potatoes, several companies being able to supply selected and packaged crops for hyper-markets. Other agricultural products are rapeseed, grains, and cabbage.
Covasna County, with many mineral water springs, has developed during history a network of spas for treating different health problems, mainly cardio-vascular. There is a good potential for development of this field of health and spa tourism.
Tourism
The main tourist destinations in the county are:
- The city of Sfântu Gheorghe
- The resorts in the mountains around:
- The mountains:
Politics
The Covasna County Council, renewed at the 2020 local elections, consists of 30 counsellors, with the following party composition:
Party | Seats | Current County Council | ||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Democratic Alliance of Hungarians (UDMR/RMDSZ) | 22 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Hungarian Alliance Of Transylvania | 3 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
National Liberal Party (PNL) | 3 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Social Democratic Party (PSD) | 2 |
Administrative divisions
See also: List of settlements in Covasna CountyCovasna County has two municipalities, three towns and 40 communes.
- Municipalities
- Sfântu Gheorghe – capital city; population: 54,312 (as of 2011)
- Târgu Secuiesc
- Towns
|
See also
- Former Háromszék County of the Kingdom of Hungary
- Former Trei Scaune County of the Kingdom of Romania
References
- "Populaţia rezidentă după grupa de vârstă, pe județe și municipii, orașe, comune, la 1 decembrie 2021" (XLS). National Institute of Statistics.
- National Institute of Statistics, "Populația după etnie" Archived 16 August 2009 at the Wayback Machine
- "Recensamantul Populatiei si Locuintelor 2011: Populația stabilă după etnie – județe, municipii, orașe, comune". Recensamantromania.ro. Archived from the original on 18 January 2016. Retrieved 11 April 2018.
- National Institute of Statistics, "Populația la recensămintele din anii 1948, 1956, 1966, 1977, 1992 și 2002" Archived 22 September 2006 at the Wayback Machine
- "Rezultatele finale ale alegerilor locale din 2020" (Json) (in Romanian). Autoritatea Electorală Permanentă. Retrieved 2 November 2020.