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{{Short description|none}} | {{Short description|none}} | ||
The following is an incomplete, chronological list of people from ] murdered by ]s mainly on political and religious grounds. Many were critical public servants and intellectuals assassinated by ] proponents of an army-controlled Turkish Republic.<ref>Bawer Çakir, {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110728123307/http://bianet.org/english/freedom-of-expression/119920-families-of-murdered-intellectuals-follow-up-dink-murder-case |
The following is an incomplete, chronological list of people from ] murdered by ]s mainly on political and religious grounds. Many were critical public servants and intellectuals assassinated by ] proponents of an army-controlled Turkish Republic.<ref>Bawer Çakir, {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110728123307/http://bianet.org/english/freedom-of-expression/119920-families-of-murdered-intellectuals-follow-up-dink-murder-case|date=28 July 2011}}, ], 8 February 2010</ref> Many of the victims have historically been ] proponents of ] and the strict ], as defined in the ], and ].<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.atmg.org/ArmenianTerrorism.html |title=Armenian Terrorism against Turkish diplomatic and non-diplomatic institutions - A Chronological List, 1973 - 1986 |access-date=22 March 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070320163811/http://www.atmg.org/ArmenianTerrorism.html |archive-date=20 March 2007 |url-status=live}}</ref> | ||
== ] == | == ] == | ||
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* 27 January 1973: Mehmet Baydar was Turkey's ] in ], and Bahadır Demir his deputy, in 1973. Shot in a ] hotel by ] who had invited them there on the pretext of a donating a painting to the Turkish government. Yanigian, sentenced to life imprisonment, was amnestied in 1984 and died shortly afterwards. | * 27 January 1973: Mehmet Baydar was Turkey's ] in ], and Bahadır Demir his deputy, in 1973. Shot in a ] hotel by ] who had invited them there on the pretext of a donating a painting to the Turkish government. Yanigian, sentenced to life imprisonment, was amnestied in 1984 and died shortly afterwards. | ||
The event is considered to be the first in a decade-long chain of organized attacks against Turkish diplomats by ] ] groups.<ref>{{cite web | The event is considered to be the first in a decade-long chain of organized attacks against Turkish diplomats by ] ] groups.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.armenians.com/asala/index1.html|accessdate=27 August 2008|title=Events|work=ASALA Online|date=6 October 2001|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080422220402/http://www.armenians.com/asala/index1.html|archive-date=22 April 2008|url-status=live}}</ref> | ||
|url=http://www.armenians.com/asala/index1.html | |||
|accessdate=27 August 2008 | |||
|title=Events | |||
|work=ASALA Online | |||
|date=6 October 2001 | |||
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080422220402/http://www.armenians.com/asala/index1.html | |||
|archive-date=22 April 2008 | |||
|url-status=live | |||
}}</ref> | |||
=== ] === | === ] === | ||
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=== ] === | === ] === | ||
* 24 October 1975: Turkey's Ambassador to ] İsmail Erez and his driver Talip Yener were murdered by ] militants in the vicinity of the Embassy in ] by car bomb.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1975/10/25/archives/news-summary-and-index-the-major-events-of-the-day-international.html|accessdate=27 August 2008|title=News Summary and Index; The Major Events of the Day International National Metropolitan|work=]|date=25 October 1975|quote=Ismail Erez, Turkey's Ambassador to France, was fatally shot in Paris by assassins who also killed his chauffeur.|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180723212712/https://www.nytimes.com/1975/10/25/archives/news-summary-and-index-the-major-events-of-the-day-international.html|archive-date=23 July 2018|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine|url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,913623,00.html|accessdate=27 August 2008|title=Adding Up to an Epidemic|magazine=TIME|date=3 November 1975|quote=Two days after the Vienna murder, gunmen in Paris opened fire on a car belonging to the Turkish ambassador to France, Ismail Erez, 56, who died along with his chauffeur.|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100719152947/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,913623,00.html|archive-date=19 July 2010|url-status=dead}}</ref> | |||
* 24 October 1975: Turkey's Paris Ambassador İsmail Erez and his driver Talip Yener were murdered by ] militants in the vicinity of the Embassy by car bomb.<ref>{{cite news | |||
|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1975/10/25/archives/news-summary-and-index-the-major-events-of-the-day-international.html | |||
|accessdate=27 August 2008 | |||
|title=News Summary and Index; The Major Events of the Day International National Metropolitan | |||
|work=] | |||
|date=25 October 1975 | |||
|quote=Ismail Erez, Turkey's Ambassador to France, was fatally shot in Paris by assassins who also killed his chauffeur. | |||
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180723212712/https://www.nytimes.com/1975/10/25/archives/news-summary-and-index-the-major-events-of-the-day-international.html | |||
|archive-date=23 July 2018 | |||
|url-status=live | |||
}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | |||
|url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,913623,00.html | |||
|accessdate=27 August 2008 | |||
|title=Adding Up to an Epidemic | |||
|work=TIME | |||
|date=3 November 1975 | |||
|quote=Two days after the Vienna murder, gunmen in Paris opened fire on a car belonging to the Turkish ambassador to France, Ismail Erez, 56, who died along with his chauffeur. | |||
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100719152947/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,913623,00.html | |||
|archive-date=19 July 2010 | |||
|url-status=dead | |||
}}</ref><ref>{{cite news | |||
|url = http://www.turkishdailynews.com.tr/archives.php?id=7316 | |||
|accessdate = 27 August 2008 | |||
|title = Turkey commemorates martyr diplomats | |||
|work = ] | |||
|date = 28 May 1998 | |||
}}{{dead link|date=December 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> | |||
=== ] === | === ] === | ||
* 9 June 1977: Turkey's |
* 9 June 1977: Turkey's Ambassador to the ] ] was killed by the cross fire of two ] gunmen in front of the Embassy's residency in ].{{citation needed|date=September 2012}} | ||
=== ] === | === ] (]) === | ||
*11 March 1978: Art historian, scholar, literary critic and translator. He was serving on a committee investigating right-wing terror squads at his university.<ref>Ahmad, Feroz. ''The Making of Modern Turkey'', (London: Routledge, 1993), 171.</ref> Shot dead in his car with his wife severely wounded by Rıfat Yıldırım, Üzeyir Bayraklı and by another man nicknamed "Ahmet" who were ultra-nationalists and directly funded by the Turkish state. |
*11 March 1978: Art historian, scholar, literary critic and translator. He was serving on a committee investigating right-wing terror squads at his university.<ref>Ahmad, Feroz. ''The Making of Modern Turkey'', (London: Routledge, 1993), 171.</ref> Shot dead in his car with his wife severely wounded by Rıfat Yıldırım, Üzeyir Bayraklı and by another man nicknamed "Ahmet" who were ultra-nationalists and believed to have been directly funded by the Turkish state. A tribunal found ] responsible but nobody was punished as a result. | ||
=== ] === | === ] === | ||
*24 March 1978: Public prosecutor who wrote a report for Prime Minister ] accusing clandestine groups (later named as ]) of creating chaos in order to lay the ground for a military takeover.<ref> |
*24 March 1978: Public prosecutor who wrote a report for Prime Minister ] accusing clandestine groups (later named as ]) of creating chaos in order to lay the ground for a military takeover.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2012-10-14 |title=Spirits of Doğan Öz and Uğur Mumcu ask about Baykal |url=http://www.todayszaman.com/columnists-198596-spirits-of-dogan-oz-and-ugur-mumcu-ask-about-baykal.html |access-date=2022-12-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121014134625/http://www.todayszaman.com/columnists-198596-spirits-of-dogan-oz-and-ugur-mumcu-ask-about-baykal.html |archive-date=2012-10-14}}</ref> ], a ] activist, was implicated in his assassination. | ||
===]=== | ===]=== | ||
*20 October 1978: Former ] of ] | *20 October 1978: Former ] of ] | ||
=== ] === | === ] === | ||
*1 February 1979: Editor of the major national newspaper '']''.<ref> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070227154629/http://www.globaljournalist.org/archive/Magazine/Ipekci-20002q.html |date=27 February 2007 |
*1 February 1979: Editor of the major national newspaper '']''.<ref> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070227154629/http://www.globaljournalist.org/archive/Magazine/Ipekci-20002q.html |date=27 February 2007}}</ref> Killed in his car in the street, where he lived, by ], a member of the ultra-] ], who would later try to assassinate the ] in 1981. | ||
=== ] === | === ] === | ||
*23 March 1979: |
*23 March 1979: Islamist political and social activist. Shot to death outside of ]'s ] by nationalist gunmen while leaving Friday prayers. | ||
=== ] === | === ] === | ||
28 September 1979: |
28 September 1979: prosecutor. | ||
=== Ahmet Benler === | === Ahmet Benler === | ||
12 October 1979: son of Turkish ambassador |
12 October 1979: son of the Turkish ambassador to the ], Özdemir Benler, murderered by ASALA.<ref>https://www.ad.nl/den-haag/aanslagen-op-ambassades-vandaag-was-niet-de-eerste~a5633c36/?referrer=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2F (Dutch)</ref> | ||
=== İlhan Egemen Darendelioğlu === | === İlhan Egemen Darendelioğlu === | ||
*19 November 1979: |
*19 November 1979: journalist and writer. Shot to death by unidentified left-wing militants. | ||
=== ] === | === ] === | ||
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=== ] === | === ] === | ||
* 11 April 1980: TV producer, writer and columnist of the newspaper '']''. Gunned down in front of his home in Istanbul as he was about to get in his car.<ref>{{cite news | * 11 April 1980: TV producer, writer and columnist of the newspaper '']''. Gunned down in front of his home in Istanbul as he was about to get in his car.<ref>{{cite news|url= http://www.radikal.com.tr/ek_haber.php?ek=ktp&haberno=5412|accessdate= 27 August 2008|title= Bir 'Garip' Kaftancıoğlu|department= Kitap|work= ]|date= 14 July 2006|quote= 11 Nisan 1980'de Mecidiyeköy'de, küçücük çocuğunu okula götürürken, gün ortasında, kızının gözleri önünde katledilen bu değerli aydınımız|first= Kadir|last= Aydemir|language= tr|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20080608053054/http://www.radikal.com.tr/ek_haber.php?ek=ktp&haberno=5412|archive-date= 8 June 2008|url-status= dead}}</ref> | ||
|url = http://www.radikal.com.tr/ek_haber.php?ek=ktp&haberno=5412 | |||
|accessdate = 27 August 2008 | |||
|title = Bir 'Garip' Kaftancıoğlu | |||
|department= Kitap | |||
|work = ] | |||
|date = 14 July 2006 | |||
|quote = 11 Nisan 1980'de Mecidiyeköy'de, küçücük çocuğunu okula götürürken, gün ortasında, kızının gözleri önünde katledilen bu değerli aydınımız | |||
|first = Kadir | |||
|last = Aydemir | |||
|language = tr | |||
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080608053054/http://www.radikal.com.tr/ek_haber.php?ek=ktp&haberno=5412 | |||
|archive-date = 8 June 2008 | |||
|url-status = dead | |||
}}</ref> | |||
=== ] === | === ] === | ||
* 27 May 1980: customs and tobacco minister of Turkey |
* 27 May 1980: briefly customs and tobacco minister of Turkey and a right wing politician. Murdered in front of his car while putting out baggage. Radical leftist militant group ] (Revolutionary Left) claimed responsibility for the attack. | ||
=== ] === | === ] === | ||
* 19 July 1980: ] of Turkey in 1971-1972, for almost 14 months. Shot to death by two gunmen in ]. Radical leftist |
* 19 July 1980: ] of Turkey in 1971-1972, for almost 14 months. Shot to death by two gunmen in ]. Radical leftist militant group ] (Revolutionary Left) claimed responsibility for the attack. | ||
=== ] === | === ] === | ||
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===]=== | ===]=== | ||
*17 December 1980: Turkish chief consul in Sydney |
*17 December 1980: Turkish chief consul in ]. Killed together with his bodyguard Engin Sever. The ] claimed responsibility. | ||
===]=== | ===]=== | ||
*28 January 1982:Turkish diplomat Kemal Arıkan shot to death by two ] origin |
*28 January 1982: Turkish diplomat Kemal Arıkan shot to death by two gunmen of ] origin in Los Angeles. | ||
=== ] === | === ] === | ||
* 23 August 1982: Turkish military attaché in Canada. Assassinated in his car while driving in ] |
* 23 August 1982: Turkish military attaché in ]. Assassinated in his car while driving in ] by the ]. | ||
=== ] === | === ] === | ||
* 22 October 1988: Shot dead in a public bus by a PKK militant. | * 22 October 1988: Military officer and former internal security chief of ]. Shot dead in a public bus in Istanbul by a ] militant. | ||
==1990s== | ==1990s== | ||
=== ] === | === ] === | ||
* 31 January 1990: Professor of law at ], Faculty of ]; author of books on ]; elected head of the Ankara Bar Association 1969, columnist of the newspaper '']''. Shot in the back of his head in front of his house.<ref>{{cite news | * 31 January 1990: Professor of law at ], Faculty of ]; author of books on ]; elected head of the Ankara Bar Association 1969, columnist of the newspaper '']''. Shot in the back of his head in front of his house.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.milliyet.com.tr/2000/05/22/english/cur03.html|accessdate=27 August 2008|title=Suspects told the murders|work=]|date=22 May 2000|author=Gokcer Tahincioglu, Ersan Atar|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110604151041/http://www.milliyet.com.tr/2000/05/22/english/cur03.html|archive-date=4 June 2011|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url= http://www.turkishdailynews.com.tr/article.php?webcat=domestic&enewsid=4885|accessdate= 27 August 2008|title= Murdered journalist Aksoy commemorated|work= ]|date= 1 February 2005|url-status= dead|archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20070930155158/http://www.turkishdailynews.com.tr/article.php?webcat=domestic&enewsid=4885|archivedate= 30 September 2007}}</ref> | ||
|url=http://www.milliyet.com.tr/2000/05/22/english/cur03.html | |||
|accessdate=27 August 2008 | |||
|title=Suspects told the murders | |||
|work=] | |||
|date=22 May 2000 | |||
|author=Gokcer Tahincioglu, Ersan Atar | |||
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110604151041/http://www.milliyet.com.tr/2000/05/22/english/cur03.html | |||
|archive-date=4 June 2011 | |||
|url-status=live | |||
}}</ref><ref>{{cite news | |||
|url = http://www.turkishdailynews.com.tr/article.php?webcat=domestic&enewsid=4885 | |||
|accessdate = 27 August 2008 | |||
|title = Murdered journalist Aksoy commemorated | |||
|work = ] | |||
|date = 1 February 2005 | |||
|url-status = dead | |||
|archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20070930155158/http://www.turkishdailynews.com.tr/article.php?webcat=domestic&enewsid=4885 | |||
|archivedate = 30 September 2007 | |||
}}</ref> | |||
=== ] === | === ] === | ||
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=== ] === | === ] === | ||
* 4 September 1990: Former member of clergy |
* 4 September 1990: Former member of Islamic clergy who became a critic of Islam and advocate of atheism. Shot to death in front of his house. Case remains unresolved. | ||
=== ] === | === ] === | ||
* 6 October 1990: Female academic, pro-secular theologist, columnist of the newspaper '']''. Killed by a ].<ref>{{cite web|title=Turkish Prime Minister Bulent Ecevit has accused Iran of failing to respond to evidence of Iranian involvement in the murders of Turkish pro-secular writers and academics|url=http://www.fas.org/news/iran/2000/000517-iran2.htm|work=]|publisher=]|date=17 May 2000|accessdate=25 August 2008|first=Amberin|last=Zaman|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080907015341/http://www.fas.org/news/iran/2000/000517-iran2.htm|archive-date=7 September 2008|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.iranfocus.com/en/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=4950|accessdate=27 August 2008|title=Iran accused of aiding Islamist violence in Turkey: report|work=]|publisher=]|date=18 December 2005|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110519041249/http://www.iranfocus.com/en/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=4950|archive-date=19 May 2011|url-status=live}}</ref> | |||
* 6 October 1990: Female academic, pro-secular theologist, columnist of the newspaper '']''. Killed by a ].<ref>{{cite web | |||
|title=Turkish Prime Minister Bulent Ecevit has accused Iran of failing to respond to evidence of Iranian involvement in the murders of Turkish pro-secular writers and academics | |||
===]=== | |||
|url=http://www.fas.org/news/iran/2000/000517-iran2.htm | |||
* 30 January 1991: Retired lieutenant general. Shot dead in front of his house. Claimed by Dev-Sol. | |||
|work=] | |||
|publisher=] | |||
|date=17 May 2000 | |||
|accessdate=25 August 2008 | |||
|first=Amberin | |||
|last=Zaman | |||
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080907015341/http://www.fas.org/news/iran/2000/000517-iran2.htm | |||
|archive-date=7 September 2008 | |||
|url-status=live | |||
}}</ref><ref>{{cite news | |||
|url=http://www.iranfocus.com/en/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=4950 | |||
|accessdate=27 August 2008 | |||
|title=Iran accused of aiding Islamist violence in Turkey: report | |||
|work=] | |||
|publisher=] | |||
|date=18 December 2005 | |||
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110519041249/http://www.iranfocus.com/en/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=4950 | |||
|archive-date=19 May 2011 | |||
|url-status=live | |||
}}</ref> | |||
===]=== | ===]=== | ||
* 7 April 1991: Retired |
* 7 April 1991: Retired general. Shot dead at his house by Dev-Sol. | ||
=== ] === | === ] === | ||
* 29 July 1992: Admiral (retired), former commander of the Turkish Navy. Shot dead in his house. | * 29 July 1992: Admiral (retired), former commander of the ]. Shot dead in his house. | ||
=== ] === | === ] === | ||
*1992: Kurdish writer, assassinated in |
*1992: Kurdish writer, assassinated in ]. ] fined Turkey for this assassination, allegedly committed by ] illegal gendarmerie unit. | ||
=== ] === | === ] === | ||
* 13 January 1993: Union member of ] origin. His murder led to the ] case '']'' (2000). | * 13 January 1993: Union member of ] origin. His murder led to the ] case '']'' (2000). | ||
=== ] === | === ] === | ||
* 24 January 1993: Research journalist, columnist of the major newspaper '']''. Killed in front of his home in ] by a bomb installed in his car.<ref> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070930155101/http://www.turkishdailynews.com.tr/archives.php?id=1971 |date=30 September 2007 |
* 24 January 1993: Research journalist, columnist of the major newspaper '']''. Killed in front of his home in ] by a bomb installed in his car.<ref> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070930155101/http://www.turkishdailynews.com.tr/archives.php?id=1971 |date=30 September 2007}}</ref> | ||
===]=== | ===]=== | ||
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=== ] === | === ] === | ||
* 11 January 1995: |
* 11 January 1995: prominent art critic, writer, poet, columnist for the daily '']'' and one of the founders of the ], died of injuries he suffered during a bomb attack perpetrated by PKK at a hotel in ].<ref>{{cite news|url= http://www.birgun.net/sunday_index.php?news_code=1199551197&year=2008&month=01&day=05|accessdate= 27 August 2008|title= Yazar Onat KUTLAR, 11 Ocak 1995 de Yaşamını Yitirdi|work= BirGün|date= 6 January 2008|language=tr|url-status= dead|archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20110526143637/http://www.birgun.net/sunday_index.php?news_code=1199551197&year=2008&month=01&day=05|archivedate= 26 May 2011}}</ref> | ||
|url = http://www.birgun.net/sunday_index.php?news_code=1199551197&year=2008&month=01&day=05 | |||
|accessdate = 27 August 2008 | |||
|title = Yazar Onat KUTLAR, 11 Ocak 1995 de Yaşamını Yitirdi | |||
|work = BirGün | |||
|date = 6 January 2008 | |||
|language = Turkish | |||
|url-status = dead | |||
|archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20110526143637/http://www.birgun.net/sunday_index.php?news_code=1199551197&year=2008&month=01&day=05 | |||
|archivedate = 26 May 2011 | |||
}}</ref> | |||
=== ] === | === ] === | ||
Line 218: | Line 120: | ||
=== ] === | === ] === | ||
* 9 January 1996: Businessman and a member of the ] in the second generation. Gunned down in his office in Sabancı Towers, ], |
* 9 January 1996: Businessman and a member of the ] in the second generation. Gunned down in his office in Sabancı Towers, ], Istanbul, by assassins hired by the leftist armed group ]. The general manager of ToyotaSA and a secretary was also killed. They had been given access to the building by ], a female member of DHKP-C, who was an employee at that time. | ||
=== ] === | === ] === | ||
* 21 October 1999: Academic, writer. politician, former Minister of Culture and columnist of the newspaper '']''. Killed in ] by a bomb placed on the windshield of his car.<ref>{{cite news | * 21 October 1999: Academic, writer. politician, former Minister of Culture and columnist of the newspaper '']''. Killed in ] by a bomb placed on the windshield of his car.<ref>{{cite news|url= http://www.turkishdailynews.com.tr/archives.php?id=14602|accessdate= 27 August 2008|title= A tragic loss for the nation|work= ]|date= 22 September 1999|url-status= dead|archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20070930155642/http://www.turkishdailynews.com.tr/archives.php?id=14602|archivedate= 30 September 2007}}</ref><ref>Hocaoglu, Selcan. {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060208210936/http://www.atmg.org/Kislali.html |date=8 February 2006}}, '']'', 23 October 1999.</ref> | ||
|url = http://www.turkishdailynews.com.tr/archives.php?id=14602 | |||
|accessdate = 27 August 2008 | |||
|title = A tragic loss for the nation | |||
|work = ] | |||
|date = 22 September 1999 | |||
|url-status = dead | |||
|archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20070930155642/http://www.turkishdailynews.com.tr/archives.php?id=14602 | |||
|archivedate = 30 September 2007 | |||
}}</ref><ref>Hocaoglu, Selcan. {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060208210936/http://www.atmg.org/Kislali.html |date=8 February 2006 }}, '']'', 23 October 1999.</ref> | |||
==2000s== | ==2000s== | ||
=== ] === | === ] === | ||
* 24 January 2001: ] Police Chief, his driver and four policemen escorting him were shot dead in an attack after they left Diyarbakır Police Department building. Radical Islamic group known as ] was suspected.<ref>{{cite |
* 24 January 2001: ] Police Chief, his driver and four policemen escorting him were shot dead in an attack after they left Diyarbakır Police Department building. Radical Islamic group known as ] was suspected.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/1136302.stm|title=BBC News - EUROPE - Crowds mourn slain Turkish officers|date=25 January 2001 |accessdate=20 December 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030126110448/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/1136302.stm|archive-date=26 January 2003|url-status=live}}</ref> | ||
=== ] === | === ] === | ||
* 25 August 2001: A prominent ] businessman and a founding partner of the Alarko group of companies. |
* 25 August 2001: A prominent ] businessman and a founding partner of the Alarko group of companies. He was stabbed to death in the cemetery of the historic ] quarter of ]. | ||
=== ] === | === ] === | ||
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=== ] === | === ] === | ||
* 5 February 2006: Father Andrea Santoro was a Roman Catholic priest |
* 5 February 2006: Father Andrea Santoro was a Roman Catholic priest, murdered in the Santa Maria Church in ] where he served as a member of the Catholic Church's ] missionary program. | ||
On 5 September 2006 he was shot dead from behind while kneeling in prayer in the church. A witness heard the perpetrator shouting "Allahu Akbar". |
On 5 September 2006 he was shot dead from behind while kneeling in prayer in the church. A witness heard the perpetrator shouting "Allahu Akbar". A 16-year-old high school student was arrested two days after the shooting carrying a 9mm pistol. An investigation by the Air Force Office of Special Investigations on stolen weaponry in ] revealed that the gun was of the same type used in the supposedly Islamist attack on the ] in 2006. | ||
=== ] === | === ] === | ||
* 17 May 2006: Council of State member judge. Murdered during a session in the high court in ].<ref>{{cite |
* 17 May 2006: Council of State member judge. Murdered during a session in the high court in ].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/4989034.stm|title=BBC NEWS - Europe - Judge dies in Turkey court attack|date=17 May 2006 |accessdate=20 December 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141220194932/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/4989034.stm|archive-date=20 December 2014|url-status=live}}</ref> | ||
=== ] === | === ] === | ||
{{Main|Assassination of Hrant Dink}} | {{Main|Assassination of Hrant Dink}} | ||
* 19 January 2007: ] journalist and editor-in-chief of the weekly Armenian and Turkish language newspaper '']'' in ]. Shot dead in front of his newspaper's office.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/latestCrisis/idUSL19386144|accessdate=27 August 2008|title=Turkish-Armenian editor shot dead in Istanbul |work=]|date=19 January 2007|author=Paul de Bendern and Thomas Grove}}</ref> | * 19 January 2007: ] journalist and editor-in-chief of the weekly Armenian and Turkish language newspaper '']'' in ]. Shot dead in front of his newspaper's office.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/latestCrisis/idUSL19386144|accessdate=27 August 2008|title=Turkish-Armenian editor shot dead in Istanbul |work=]|date=19 January 2007|author=Paul de Bendern and Thomas Grove}}</ref> | ||
<!-- ] violation: ] was murdered, the assassin was honored as a hero while in police custody, posing with a Turkish flag with policemen.<ref>{{cite news|title=Samast'a jandarma karakolunda kahraman muamelesi |url=http://www.radikal.com.tr/haber.php?haberno=211902 |newspaper=Radikal |date=2 February 2007 |language=Turkish |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070205085530/http://www.radikal.com.tr/haber.php?haberno=211902 |archivedate=5 February 2007 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Watson|first1=Ivan|title=Turkey remembers murdered journalist|url=http://www.cnn.com/2012/01/19/world/meast/turkey-journalist-anniversary/|agency=CNN|date=12 January 2012}}</ref>]] --> | |||
=== ] === | === ] === | ||
*18 April 2007. Three Christian leaders assassinated, two Turkish Pastors and a German missionary. | *18 April 2007. Three Christian leaders assassinated, two Turkish Pastors and a German missionary. | ||
=== ] === | === ] (]) === | ||
*16 November 2007. Director of '']'', the Turkish National Lottery, was assassinated in his office by an ex-inspector of his directorate. | *16 November 2007. Director of '']'', the Turkish National Lottery, was assassinated in his office by an ex-inspector of his directorate. | ||
=== ] === | === ] === | ||
*July 2008: "the victim of what sociologists say is the first gay ] in Turkey to surface publicly".<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/was-ahmet-yildiz-the-victim-of-turkeys-first-gay-honour-killing-871822.html|title=Was Ahmet Yildiz the victim of Turkey's first gay honour killing?|last=Birch|first=Nicholas|date=19 July 2008|work=The Independent|accessdate=15 July 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110625135723/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/was-ahmet-yildiz-the-victim-of-turkeys-first-gay-honour-killing-871822.html|archive-date=25 June 2011|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2009/11/26/world/europe/26turkey.html|title=Soul-Searching in Turkey After a Gay Man Is Killed|last=Bilefsky|first=Dan|date=25 November 2009|work=The New York Times|accessdate=15 July 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111006012300/http://www.nytimes.com/2009/11/26/world/europe/26turkey.html|archive-date=6 October 2011|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://bianet.org/english/gender/116934-ahmet-yildiz-murder-case-started-fugitive-defendant-yildizs-father|title=Ahmet Yıldız Murder Case Started. Fugitive Defendant: Yıldız's Father|last=Gençkal|first=Elif|date=9 September 2009|work=Bianet.org|accessdate=15 July 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111004223302/http://bianet.org/english/gender/116934-ahmet-yildiz-murder-case-started-fugitive-defendant-yildizs-father|archive-date=4 October 2011|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tuerkeiforum.net/enw/index.php/The_killing_of_Ahmet_Y%C4%B1ld%C4%B1z_%282008%29|title=The killing of Ahmet Yıldız (2008)|accessdate=20 December 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130705023135/http://www.tuerkeiforum.net/enw/index.php/The_killing_of_Ahmet_Y%C4%B1ld%C4%B1z_%282008%29|archive-date=5 July 2013|url-status=dead}}</ref> | *July 2008: "the victim of what sociologists say is the first gay ] in Turkey to surface publicly".<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/was-ahmet-yildiz-the-victim-of-turkeys-first-gay-honour-killing-871822.html|title=Was Ahmet Yildiz the victim of Turkey's first gay honour killing?|last=Birch|first=Nicholas|date=19 July 2008|work=The Independent|accessdate=15 July 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110625135723/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/was-ahmet-yildiz-the-victim-of-turkeys-first-gay-honour-killing-871822.html|archive-date=25 June 2011|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2009/11/26/world/europe/26turkey.html|title=Soul-Searching in Turkey After a Gay Man Is Killed|last=Bilefsky|first=Dan|date=25 November 2009|work=The New York Times|accessdate=15 July 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111006012300/http://www.nytimes.com/2009/11/26/world/europe/26turkey.html|archive-date=6 October 2011|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://bianet.org/english/gender/116934-ahmet-yildiz-murder-case-started-fugitive-defendant-yildizs-father|title=Ahmet Yıldız Murder Case Started. Fugitive Defendant: Yıldız's Father|last=Gençkal|first=Elif|date=9 September 2009|work=Bianet.org|accessdate=15 July 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111004223302/http://bianet.org/english/gender/116934-ahmet-yildiz-murder-case-started-fugitive-defendant-yildizs-father|archive-date=4 October 2011|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tuerkeiforum.net/enw/index.php/The_killing_of_Ahmet_Y%C4%B1ld%C4%B1z_%282008%29|title=The killing of Ahmet Yıldız (2008)|accessdate=20 December 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130705023135/http://www.tuerkeiforum.net/enw/index.php/The_killing_of_Ahmet_Y%C4%B1ld%C4%B1z_%282008%29|archive-date=5 July 2013|url-status=dead}}</ref> | ||
=== ] === | === ] === | ||
19 December 2009: founder and editor of the daily ''Güney Marmara’da Yaşam'', was shot in a street |
19 December 2009: founder and editor of the daily ''Güney Marmara’da Yaşam'', was shot in a street in ], ] and died later that day at a hospital in ]. He had reported on corruption charges involving the owners of ''İlkhaber'', another daily in the town.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Cihan Hayırsevener |url=https://cpj.org/data/people/cihan-hayirsevener/ |access-date=2022-12-25 |website=Committee to Protect Journalists}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Wolfe |first=Lauren |date=2009-12-21 |title=Editor killed by unknown gunmen in Turkey |url=https://cpj.org/2009/12/editor-killed-by-unknown-gunmen-in-turkey/ |access-date=2022-12-25 |website=Committee to Protect Journalists}}</ref> | ||
=== ] === | === ] === | ||
{{main|Assassination of Andrei Karlov}} | |||
19 December 2016: ], the ] to ], was ] by ], an off-duty Turkish police officer, at an art exhibition in ]<ref>{{Cite web|title=Chilling Video Shows Assassin Shoot, Kill Russian Ambassador in Ankara|url=https://www.nbcnews.com/nightly-news/video/chilling-video-shows-assassin-shoot-kill-russian-ambassador-in-ankara-837023811709|access-date=8 January 2022|website=NBC News|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Arango|first=Tim|last2=Gladstone|first2=Rick|date=19 December 2016|title=Russian Ambassador to Turkey Is Assassinated in Ankara|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/12/19/world/europe/russia-ambassador-shot-ankara-turkey.html|access-date=8 January 2022|issn=0362-4331}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=What drove assassin to gun down Russian ambassador?|url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/russian-turkey-ambassador-assassination-andrey-karlov-disrupt-relationship-retribution-syria/|access-date=8 January 2022|website=www.cbsnews.com|language=en-US}}</ref> | |||
19 December 2016: ], the ] to ], was ] by ], an off-duty Turkish police officer, at an art exhibition in ]<ref>{{Cite web|title=Chilling Video Shows Assassin Shoot, Kill Russian Ambassador in Ankara|url=https://www.nbcnews.com/nightly-news/video/chilling-video-shows-assassin-shoot-kill-russian-ambassador-in-ankara-837023811709|access-date=8 January 2022|website=NBC News}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last1=Arango|first1=Tim|last2=Gladstone|first2=Rick|date=19 December 2016|title=Russian Ambassador to Turkey Is Assassinated in Ankara|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/12/19/world/europe/russia-ambassador-shot-ankara-turkey.html|access-date=8 January 2022|issn=0362-4331}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=What drove assassin to gun down Russian ambassador?|url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/russian-turkey-ambassador-assassination-andrey-karlov-disrupt-relationship-retribution-syria/|access-date=8 January 2022|website=cbsnews.com|date=20 December 2016}}</ref> | |||
''']''' | |||
{{main|Sinan Ateş}} | |||
== See also == | == See also == | ||
*] | *] | ||
*] | *] | ||
*] | *] | ||
*] | *] | ||
== References == | == References == | ||
{{Reflist}} | {{Reflist}} | ||
{{Middle East topic| Human rights in }} | |||
{{World topic| prefix= Extrajudicial killings in | title= ] |noredlinks=yes}} | |||
{{DEFAULTSORT:Assassinated people from Turkey}} | {{DEFAULTSORT:Assassinated people from Turkey}} |
Latest revision as of 09:06, 2 October 2024
The following is an incomplete, chronological list of people from Turkey murdered by assassins mainly on political and religious grounds. Many were critical public servants and intellectuals assassinated by far-right proponents of an army-controlled Turkish Republic. Many of the victims have historically been intellectual proponents of laicism and the strict separation of religion and state in Turkey, as defined in the constitution, and diplomats who were victims of militant attacks outside of Turkey.
Mustafa Suphi
- 28 January 1921: Mustafa Suphi was the founder of the Communist Party of Turkey. Suphi and his 14 comrades were assassinated while they were being sent to Erzurum for trial.
Sabahattin Ali
- 2 April 1948: Sabahattin Ali was a writer and critical intellectual who was assassinated at the Bulgarian border while fleeing from Turkey. He had been imprisoned by the Turkish government.
1970s
See also: Political violence in Turkey, 1970sMehmet Baydar and Bahadır Demir
- 27 January 1973: Mehmet Baydar was Turkey's consul general in Los Angeles, and Bahadır Demir his deputy, in 1973. Shot in a Santa Barbara hotel by Kourken Yanigian who had invited them there on the pretext of a donating a painting to the Turkish government. Yanigian, sentenced to life imprisonment, was amnestied in 1984 and died shortly afterwards.
The event is considered to be the first in a decade-long chain of organized attacks against Turkish diplomats by Armenian militant groups.
Daniş Tunalıgil
- 22 October 1975: Turkey's Ambassador to Austria Daniş Tunalıgil was murdered by three Armenian gunmen raiding the Embassy in Vienna.
Ismail Erez
- 24 October 1975: Turkey's Ambassador to France İsmail Erez and his driver Talip Yener were murdered by Armenian militants in the vicinity of the Embassy in Paris by car bomb.
Taha Carim
- 9 June 1977: Turkey's Ambassador to the Holy See Taha Carim was killed by the cross fire of two Armenian gunmen in front of the Embassy's residency in Rome.
Bedrettin Cömert (tr)
- 11 March 1978: Art historian, scholar, literary critic and translator. He was serving on a committee investigating right-wing terror squads at his university. Shot dead in his car with his wife severely wounded by Rıfat Yıldırım, Üzeyir Bayraklı and by another man nicknamed "Ahmet" who were ultra-nationalists and believed to have been directly funded by the Turkish state. A tribunal found Abdullah Çatlı responsible but nobody was punished as a result.
Doğan Öz
- 24 March 1978: Public prosecutor who wrote a report for Prime Minister Bülent Ecevit accusing clandestine groups (later named as Ergenekon) of creating chaos in order to lay the ground for a military takeover. Haluk Kırcı, a Grey Wolves activist, was implicated in his assassination.
Bedri Karafakıoğlu
- 20 October 1978: Former rector of Istanbul Technical University
Abdi İpekçi
- 1 February 1979: Editor of the major national newspaper Milliyet. Killed in his car in the street, where he lived, by Mehmet Ali Ağca, a member of the ultra-nationalist Grey Wolves, who would later try to assassinate the Pope John Paul II in 1981.
Metin Yüksel
- 23 March 1979: Islamist political and social activist. Shot to death outside of Istanbul's Fatih Mosque by nationalist gunmen while leaving Friday prayers.
Cevat Yurdakul
28 September 1979: prosecutor.
Ahmet Benler
12 October 1979: son of the Turkish ambassador to the Netherlands, Özdemir Benler, murderered by ASALA.
İlhan Egemen Darendelioğlu
- 19 November 1979: journalist and writer. Shot to death by unidentified left-wing militants.
Cavit Orhan Tütengil
- 7 December 1979: Professor of Sociology at Istanbul University, columnist of the newspaper Cumhuriyet. Shot dead at a city bus stop in Istanbul.
1980s
Ümit Kaftancıoğlu
- 11 April 1980: TV producer, writer and columnist of the newspaper Cumhuriyet. Gunned down in front of his home in Istanbul as he was about to get in his car.
Gün Sazak
- 27 May 1980: briefly customs and tobacco minister of Turkey and a right wing politician. Murdered in front of his car while putting out baggage. Radical leftist militant group Dev Sol (Revolutionary Left) claimed responsibility for the attack.
Nihat Erim
- 19 July 1980: Prime Minister of Turkey in 1971-1972, for almost 14 months. Shot to death by two gunmen in Istanbul. Radical leftist militant group Dev Sol (Revolutionary Left) claimed responsibility for the attack.
Kemal Türkler
- 22 July 1980: Socialist trade union leader and left-wing politician. Murdered in front of his home by ultra-right militants.
Şarık Arıyak
- 17 December 1980: Turkish chief consul in Sydney. Killed together with his bodyguard Engin Sever. The Justice Commandos of the Armenian Genocide claimed responsibility.
Kemal Arıkan
- 28 January 1982: Turkish diplomat Kemal Arıkan shot to death by two gunmen of Armenian origin in Los Angeles.
Atilla Altıkat
- 23 August 1982: Turkish military attaché in Canada. Assassinated in his car while driving in Ottawa by the Justice Commandos Against Armenian Genocide.
Esat Oktay Yıldıran
- 22 October 1988: Military officer and former internal security chief of Diyarbakır Prison. Shot dead in a public bus in Istanbul by a PKK militant.
1990s
Muammer Aksoy
- 31 January 1990: Professor of law at Ankara University, Faculty of Political science; author of books on Kemalism; elected head of the Ankara Bar Association 1969, columnist of the newspaper Cumhuriyet. Shot in the back of his head in front of his house.
Çetin Emeç
- 7 March 1990: Journalist, editor-in-chief and chief columnist of the liberal rightist daily Hürriyet. Shot to death in front of his house. Case remains unresolved.
Turan Dursun
- 4 September 1990: Former member of Islamic clergy who became a critic of Islam and advocate of atheism. Shot to death in front of his house. Case remains unresolved.
Bahriye Üçok
- 6 October 1990: Female academic, pro-secular theologist, columnist of the newspaper Cumhuriyet. Killed by a parcel bomb.
Hulusi Sayın
- 30 January 1991: Retired lieutenant general. Shot dead in front of his house. Claimed by Dev-Sol.
Memduh Ünlütürk
- 7 April 1991: Retired general. Shot dead at his house by Dev-Sol.
Kemal Kayacan
- 29 July 1992: Admiral (retired), former commander of the Turkish Navy. Shot dead in his house.
Musa Anter
- 1992: Kurdish writer, assassinated in Diyarbakır. European Court of Human Rights fined Turkey for this assassination, allegedly committed by JITEM illegal gendarmerie unit.
Zübeyir Akkoç
- 13 January 1993: Union member of Kurdish origin. His murder led to the European Court of Human Rights case Akkoç v. Turkey (2000).
Uğur Mumcu
- 24 January 1993: Research journalist, columnist of the major newspaper Cumhuriyet. Killed in front of his home in Ankara by a bomb installed in his car.
Cem Ersever
- 4 November 1993: ex-JITEM commander who had begun speaking to the press.
Onat Kutlar
- 11 January 1995: prominent art critic, writer, poet, columnist for the daily Cumhuriyet and one of the founders of the Istanbul International Film Festival, died of injuries he suffered during a bomb attack perpetrated by PKK at a hotel in Istanbul.
Metin Göktepe
- 8 January 1996: Metin Goktepe DOC, a left wing journalist of Evrensel was beaten to death by Turkish police while covering civil unrest in the Gazi district of Istanbul. The first case in Turkey where the police were convicted of murder.
Özdemir Sabancı
- 9 January 1996: Businessman and a member of the Sabancı family in the second generation. Gunned down in his office in Sabancı Towers, Levent, Istanbul, by assassins hired by the leftist armed group DHKP-C. The general manager of ToyotaSA and a secretary was also killed. They had been given access to the building by Fehriye Erdal, a female member of DHKP-C, who was an employee at that time.
Ahmet Taner Kışlalı
- 21 October 1999: Academic, writer. politician, former Minister of Culture and columnist of the newspaper Cumhuriyet. Killed in Ankara by a bomb placed on the windshield of his car.
2000s
Gaffar Okkan
- 24 January 2001: Diyarbakır Police Chief, his driver and four policemen escorting him were shot dead in an attack after they left Diyarbakır Police Department building. Radical Islamic group known as Kurdish Hezbollah was suspected.
Üzeyir Garih
- 25 August 2001: A prominent Turkish Jewish businessman and a founding partner of the Alarko group of companies. He was stabbed to death in the cemetery of the historic Istanbul quarter of Eyüp.
Necip Hablemitoğlu
- 18 December 2002: A Kemalist historian from Ankara University who was killed in an armed attack near his home in Ankara.
Andrea Santoro
- 5 February 2006: Father Andrea Santoro was a Roman Catholic priest, murdered in the Santa Maria Church in Trabzon where he served as a member of the Catholic Church's Fidei donum missionary program.
On 5 September 2006 he was shot dead from behind while kneeling in prayer in the church. A witness heard the perpetrator shouting "Allahu Akbar". A 16-year-old high school student was arrested two days after the shooting carrying a 9mm pistol. An investigation by the Air Force Office of Special Investigations on stolen weaponry in Iraq revealed that the gun was of the same type used in the supposedly Islamist attack on the Turkish Council of State in 2006.
Mustafa Yücel Özbilgin
- 17 May 2006: Council of State member judge. Murdered during a session in the high court in Ankara.
Hrant Dink
Main article: Assassination of Hrant Dink- 19 January 2007: Armenian-Turkish journalist and editor-in-chief of the weekly Armenian and Turkish language newspaper Agos in Istanbul. Shot dead in front of his newspaper's office.
Necati Aydın, Uğur Yüksel and Tilman Geske
- 18 April 2007. Three Christian leaders assassinated, two Turkish Pastors and a German missionary.
İhya Balak (tr)
- 16 November 2007. Director of Milli Piyango, the Turkish National Lottery, was assassinated in his office by an ex-inspector of his directorate.
Ahmet Yıldız
- July 2008: "the victim of what sociologists say is the first gay honor killing in Turkey to surface publicly".
Cihan Hayırsevener
19 December 2009: founder and editor of the daily Güney Marmara’da Yaşam, was shot in a street in Bandırma, Balıkesir Province and died later that day at a hospital in Bursa. He had reported on corruption charges involving the owners of İlkhaber, another daily in the town.
Andrei Karlov
Main article: Assassination of Andrei Karlov19 December 2016: Andrei Karlov, the Russian Ambassador to Turkey, was assassinated by Mevlüt Mert Altıntaş, an off-duty Turkish police officer, at an art exhibition in Ankara, Turkey
Main article: Sinan AteşSee also
- List of assassinated people
- List of journalists killed in Turkey
- List of massacres in Turkey
- Attempted assassination of Pope John Paul II
References
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Ismail Erez, Turkey's Ambassador to France, was fatally shot in Paris by assassins who also killed his chauffeur.
- "Adding Up to an Epidemic". TIME. 3 November 1975. Archived from the original on 19 July 2010. Retrieved 27 August 2008.
Two days after the Vienna murder, gunmen in Paris opened fire on a car belonging to the Turkish ambassador to France, Ismail Erez, 56, who died along with his chauffeur.
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11 Nisan 1980'de Mecidiyeköy'de, küçücük çocuğunu okula götürürken, gün ortasında, kızının gözleri önünde katledilen bu değerli aydınımız
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- "Chilling Video Shows Assassin Shoot, Kill Russian Ambassador in Ankara". NBC News. Retrieved 8 January 2022.
- Arango, Tim; Gladstone, Rick (19 December 2016). "Russian Ambassador to Turkey Is Assassinated in Ankara". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 8 January 2022.
- "What drove assassin to gun down Russian ambassador?". cbsnews.com. 20 December 2016. Retrieved 8 January 2022.
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