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{{About year|1307|the number|1307 (number)}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=February 2011}}
{{Year dab|1307}}
{{Refimprove|date=March 2019}}
{{Year nav|1307}} {{Year nav|1307}}
]]]
⚫ {{C14 year in topic}}
] burned at the stake. A painting by ] (1360).]]
Year '''1307''' (''']''') was a ] (link will display the full calendar) of the ]. Year '''1307''' (''']''') was a ] (link will display the full calendar) of the ].
⚫ {{C14 year in topic}}


== Events == == Events ==
===January – March===
* ] – (11th waxing of Tabodwe 668 ME, ]) After a reign of almost 20 years, ], who founded the ] in what is now southern ], is stabbed to death by two of his grandsons, Shin Gyi and Shin Nge, who were avenging the execution by Wareru (in ] of their father, ]. ], younger brother of Wareru, becomes the new King of Martaban.
* ] – The ] era begins in Japan in the fourth year of ].
⚫ * ] – ]: ] and ] sail with an invasion force of 1,000 men and 18 galleys, into the harbor at ]. But they are defeated by rival Scots under ]. During the attack, only two galleys escape and all the leaders are captured.
* ] &ndash; ] (or Chengzong), the sixth ] of the Mongol Empire (as well as the Emperor Chengzong of Yuan-dynasty China) dies at the age of 41 after a reign of 12 years.<ref name="ReferenceA">{{The Cambridge History of China|volume=6|page=505}}</ref> He is succeeded by his nephew, ].
* ] &ndash; Eight days after their capture at Loch Ryan, Thomas de Brus, and Alexander de Brus, ] are all executed.<ref name="Brus">{{cite book |last1=Barron |first1=Evan MacLeod |title=The Scottish War of Independence |date=1914 |publisher=Barnes and Noble Books |page=260}}</ref> Thomas and Alexander are taken to ], where ].
* ] &ndash; ] of ], ] and Longino da Bergamo, leaders of the ] movement in Italy, are captured at ] and tried for ] on orders of ]. They will be executed on June 1.

===April &ndash; June===
* ] &ndash; King Edward I of England dismisses the ]. A new Parliament will not be assembled until February 9, 1310.
* ] &ndash; Persian historian ] completes his comprehensive chronicle of Persian history, the '']'', inscribing the ] date "24th day of ] 686" <ref>Stefan Kamola, ''Rashīd al-Dīn and the making of history in Mongol Iran'' (2013). pp. 204–224</ref>
* ] &ndash; ], ], becomes the new ] of England upon the death of ], but serves for less than four months.
⚫ * ] &ndash; ]: Scottish forces led by Robert the Bruce defeat the English army at ], ]. During the battle, Robert gives the order to push down several boulders to ambush the English, who are approaching through a narrow ] (called the "Steps of Trool"). Scottish forces charge down an extremely steep 700-meter sloop, the narrowness of the ] prevents support from either the front or the rear. Without any room to maneuver, many of the English are killed and routed.<ref>Mackenzie, William and Symson, Andrew. ''The History of Galloway'', J. Nicholson, 1841.</ref>
⚫ * ] &ndash; ]: Scottish forces under Robert the Bruce defeat the English army (some 3,000 men) at ]. During the battle, a frontal charge by the English knights led by ] is halted by Robert's spearmen militia, who effectively slaughtered them as they are on marshy ground. Aymer manages to escape the carnage and flees to the safety of ]. The battle marks the turning point in Robert's struggle to reclaim the independence of ].<ref>Oliver, Neil (2009). ''A History of Scotland'', p. 138. {{ISBN|978-0-7538-2663-8}}.</ref>
* ] &ndash; ], Marinid ruler of ] is assassinated.
* ] &ndash; The coronation of ] as Khan of the Mongol Empire and as Emperor Wuzong of Yuan dynasty China, takes place in ] in what is now ].

===July &ndash; September===
* ] &ndash; ], king of Bohemia, dies.<ref name="auto1307">{{cite book |title=Imagining the Past in France: History in Manuscript Painting, 1250-1500 |editor-first1=Elizabeth |editor-last1=Morrison |editor-first2=Anne Dawson |editor-last2=Hedeman |publisher=J. Paul Getty Museum |year=2010 | page=4}}</ref>
* ] &ndash; King ], known as Edward Longshanks, dies at ] after a 34-year reign. He is succeeded by his son 23-year-old ], who becomes new ruler of ]. After his death Edward's body is embalmed and transported to ] in ]. Here it lay unburied for several weeks so that people can come and see the body lying in state. After this, Edward is taken to ] for a proper burial on ].<ref>Philips, Seymour (2011). ''Edward II'', p. 131. New Haven, CT & London. UK: Yale University Press. {{ISBN|978-0-300-17802-9}}.</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Edward II of England: Biography on Undiscovered Scotland |url=https://www.undiscoveredscotland.co.uk/usbiography/e/edwardiiengland.html|language=en|website=www.undiscoveredscotland.co.uk |access-date=21 March 2019}}</ref>
* ] &ndash; King Edward II travels from ], after he is proclaimed king and continues north into Scotland, where he receives homage from his Scottish supporters at ].<ref name=SeymourP>Philips, Seymour (2011). ''Edward II'', pp. 126–127. New Haven, CT & London. UK: Yale University Press. {{ISBN|978-0-300-17802-9}}.</ref>
* ] &ndash; In the first reorganization of the English government by the new King, Edward II, ] replaces Ralph Baldock as ]
* ] &ndash; King Edward II abandons the campaign against Scotland and returns home. He recalls his friend and ], ], who is in exile, and makes him ], before arranging his marriage to the wealthy 13-year-old ].<ref name=SeymourP/>
* ] &ndash; On the question of whether a prayer to the English Bishop ] led to the miracle of the resurrection of ] the day after Cragh's execution by hanging on November 27, ], Cragh himself testifies before a papal commission at a hearing in ]. Of 38 miracles alleged to have been the result of intercession by Cantilupe, the papal commission finds 12 of them doubtful, but accepts another 26 and recommends canonization. ] will formally canonize Bishop Cantilupe on April 17, 1320.<ref name=HangedMan>Robert Bartlett, ''The Hanged Man: A Story of Miracle, Memory, and Colonialism in the Middle Ages'' (Princeton University Press, 2004) p. 24</ref>
* ] &ndash; ], the English ] since 1305 when he was appointed by the late King Edward I, is dismissed as by the new and replaced by ].
* ] &ndash; ], ], becomes the new ] for Edward II, replacing ], Bishop of Coventry. The next day, Henry Ludgershall is made the new ].
* ] &ndash; After the restructuring of his government, King Edward II summons his first Parliament, directing members to be elected and to assemble at Northampton on October 13.
* ] &ndash; ] issues a papal bull confirming that the island of ], now one of the ] islands of Greece, will be the property of the ].<ref>"The Hospitallers at Rhodes, 1306–1421", by Anthony Luttrell, in ''A History of the Crusades, Volume III: The Fourteenth and Fifteenth Centuries'', ed by. Kenneth M. Setton and Harry W. Hazard (University of Wisconsin Press, 1975) pp. 278–313</ref>
* ] &ndash; A marriage contract is concluded between the ] and King ] for the marriage of Otto's 11-year-old daughter ] to the King's 13-year-old son, ]. The marriage takes place on February 2, 1308, but will be annulled on May 19, 1322, shortly after Prince Charles assumes the throne as King Charles IV.

===October &ndash; December===
⚫ * ] &ndash; King ] orders the arrest of all members of the ] in ]. The Templars, together with their Grand Master ], are imprisoned, interrogated, and tortured into confessing ]. In ], the king's inquisitors torture some 140 Templars, most of whom eventually make confessions. Many are subjected to "fire torture": their legs are fastened in an iron frame and the soles of their feet are greased with fat or butter. Unable to withstand these tortures, many Templars eventually confess.<ref>Howarth, Stephen (1982). ''The Knights Templar'', pp. 260–261. New York: Barnes & Noble. {{ISBN|978-0-880-29663-2}}.</ref><ref>Barber, Malcolm (2012). ''The Trial of the Templars'', p. 1. Cambridge University Press. {{ISBN|978-0-521-45727-9}}.</ref>
* ] &ndash; The Mongol General ] hosts the ] Kings ] and ] at a banquet at his in castle at ] (now in ruins near the Turkish village of ]). After the guests complete the banquet, Bilarghu massacres all of the Armenian royalty and nobles.<ref>, (Imprimerie Imperiale, 1869) p. 549</ref>
⚫ * ] &ndash; ], Swiss mountain climber and marksman, shoots (according to legend) an apple off his son's head with a ] at ], ].
* ] &ndash; Following the example of France's King Philip the Fair, ] issues a ] directing all monarchs of the Christian faith to arrest the Knights Templar and to confiscate their lands as property of the Church.<ref>Malcolm Barber, ''The New Knighthood: A History of the Order of the Temple'' (Cambridge University Press, 1998), p. 303</ref>
* ] &ndash; ], the ruler of the semi-independent states of ], ] and ], is murdered at ] by Philip of Nassau. Theodoric is succeeded by ] as ruler of Thuringia and by ] as ruler of Lusatia. The areas are now part of eastern Germany.
* ] &ndash; On Christmas Day, the 3-day ] begins in ], with King ] and his men turning back the forces of John Comyn.<ref>"Slioch, battle of", by Bruce Webster, in ''The Oxford Companion to British History'' (Oxford University Press, 2015) p.841</ref>


=== By place === === By place ===


==== Europe ==== ==== Europe ====
⚫ * ] &ndash; King ] ('''the Fair''') orders the arrest of the ] in ]. The Templars, together with their Grand Master ], are imprisoned, interrogated, and tortured into confessing ]. In ], the king's inquisitors torture some 140 Templars, most of whom eventually make confessions. Many are subjected to "fire torture": their legs are fastened in an iron frame and the soles of their feet are greased with fat or butter. Unable to withstand these tortures, many Templars eventually confess.<ref>Howarth, Stephen (1982). ''The Knights Templar'', pp. 260–261. New York: Barnes & Noble. {{ISBN|978-0-880-29663-2}}.</ref><ref>Barber, Malcolm (2012). ''The Trial of the Templars'', p. 1. Cambridge University Press. {{ISBN|978-0-521-45727-9}}.</ref>
⚫ * ] seizes the Aegean Island of ] and becomes an autonomous lord, by renouncing his allegiance to the ].


⚫ * ] seizes the Aegean Island of ] and becomes an autonomous lord, by renouncing his allegiance to the ].
⚫ ==== England ====

⚫ * Spring &ndash; King ] ('''the Bruce''') crosses with a small force (some 600 men) from the ] in the ] to his earldom of ] in ]. He attacks the English garrison at ], plundering and destroying the stronghold. Meanwhile, ] ('''the Black''') attacks the English garrison in ] at ] – while they are slaughtered during a church mass (known as the "Douglas Larder").<ref>Barbour, John, ''The Bruce'', p. 264. Translation: A. A. H. Duncan, 1964.</ref>
⚫ ==== Britain ====
⚫ * February &ndash; ]: ] and ] sail with an invasion force of 1,000 men and 18 galleys, into the harbor at ]. But they are defeated by rival Scots under ]. During the attack, only two galleys escape and all the leaders are captured. Thomas and Alexander are taken as captives to ], where they are later executed by being ] on ].<ref>Barron, Evan MacLeod (1914). ''The Scottish War of Independence'', p. 260. Barnes and Noble Books.</ref>
⚫ * Spring &ndash; King ], King of Scots crosses with a small force (some 600 men) from the ] in the ] to his earldom of ] in ]. He attacks the English garrison at ], plundering and destroying the stronghold. Meanwhile, ] attacks the English garrison in ] at ] – while they are slaughtered during a church mass (known as the "Douglas Larder").<ref>Barbour, John, ''The Bruce'', p. 264. Translation: A. A. H. Duncan, 1964.</ref>
⚫ * April &ndash; ]: Scottish forces led by Robert I ('''the Bruce''') defeat the English army at ], ]. During the battle, Robert gives the order to push down several boulders to ambush the English, who are approaching through a narrow ] (called the "Steps of Trool"). Scottish forces charge down an extremely steep 700-meter sloop, the narrowness of the ] prevents support from either the front or the rear. Without any room to maneuver, many of the English are killed and routed.<ref>Mackenzie, William and Symson, Andrew. ''The History of Galloway'', J. Nicholson, 1841.</ref>
⚫ * ] &ndash; ]: Scottish forces under Robert I ('''the Bruce''') defeat the English army (some 3,000 men) at ]. During the battle, a frontal charge by the English knights led by ] is halted by Robert's spearmen militia, who effectively slaughtered them as they are on marshy ground. Aymer manages to escape the carnage and flees to the safety of ]. The battle marks the turning point in Robert's struggle to reclaim the independence of ].<ref>Oliver, Neil (2009). ''A History of Scotland'', p. 138. {{ISBN|978-0-7538-2663-8}}.</ref>
⚫ * ] &ndash; ] becomes King of ].<ref>{{cite web |title=Edward II of England: Biography on Undiscovered Scotland |url=https://www.undiscoveredscotland.co.uk/usbiography/e/edwardiiengland.html |website=www.undiscoveredscotland.co.uk |access-date=21 March 2019}}</ref>


==== Asia ==== ==== Asia ====
* ], Mongol ruler of the ] dies after a 25-year reign and is succeeded by his son ] (until ]). * ], Mongol ruler of the ], dies after a 25-year reign and is succeeded by his son ] (until ]).


=== By topic === === By topic ===
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* The village of ] in ] is proclaimed an independent ] (modern ]). * The village of ] in ] is proclaimed an independent ] (modern ]).


==== Folklore ====
⚫ * ] &ndash; ], Swiss mountain climber and marksman, shoots (according to legend) an apple off his son's head with a ] at ], ].

==== Literature ====
* The book '']'' ("Compendium of Chronicles", but often referred to as The Universal History or History of the World), by ], is published in ], ].
</onlyinclude>
== Births == == Births ==
* ''unknown dates''
* ], Italian female anatomist and scientist (d. ]) ** ], Italian female ] and scientist (d. ])
* ] (or '''IV'''), Dutch ] (]) (d. ])
** ] (or IV), Count of Hainaut, Dutch ] (]) (d. ])<ref>{{cite book |chapter=King's Hall and Michaelhouse in the Context of Fourteenth-Century Cambridge |first=William J. |last=Courtenay |title=King’s Hall, Cambridge and the Fourteenth-Century Universities: New Perspectives |editor-first=John |editor-last=Marenbon |publisher=Brill |year=2020 |pages=28–29}}</ref>


== Deaths == == Deaths ==
* ] &ndash; ], founder of the ] (b. ]) * ] &ndash; ], founder of the ], assassinated (b. ])
* ] &ndash; ] (or '''Chengzong'''), Mongol emperor * ] &ndash; ] (or Chengzong), Mongol emperor<ref name="ReferenceA"/>
* ] * ] &ndash; executed:
** ] (or '''Bruse'''), Scottish nobleman (b. ]) ** ] (or Bruse), Scottish nobleman (b. ])<ref name="Brus"/>
** ] (or '''Bruse'''), Scottish nobleman (b. ]) ** ], Scottish nobleman, knight and sheriff<ref name="Brus"/>
* ] &ndash; ] (or '''Johanna'''), English princess (b. ]) ** ] (or Bruse), Scottish nobleman and Dean of Glasgow (b. ])<ref name="Brus"/>
* ] &ndash; ], Bohemian nobleman, knight and king (b. ]) * ] &ndash; ] (or Johanna), English princess (b. ])<ref>{{cite DNB|wstitle=Joan of Acre|volume=29|page=390}}</ref>
* ] &ndash; ], Marinid ruler of ]
* ] &ndash; ] ('''Longshanks'''), king of ] (b. ])<ref>{{cite web |title=Edward I and Eleanor of Castile |url=https://www.westminster-abbey.org/abbey-commemorations/royals/edward-i-and-eleanor-of-castile |website=Westminster Abbey |access-date=21 March 2019 |language=en}}</ref>
* ], French knight and Grand Master (b. ]) * ] &ndash; ], German nobleman, knight and king (b. ])<ref name="auto1307"/>
⚫ * ] &ndash; ] ("Longshanks"), king of ] (b. ])<ref>{{cite web |title=Edward I and Eleanor of Castile |url=https://www.westminster-abbey.org/abbey-commemorations/royals/edward-i-and-eleanor-of-castile |website=Westminster Abbey |access-date=21 March 2019 |language=en}}</ref>
* ], Byzantine prince and governor (b. ])
* ] &ndash; ] (or Bytton), English bishop<ref>Shaw "Button, William (d. 1264)" ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography''</ref> His brother was ], ] from 1267 to 1274.<ref name=DNBWBII>Shaw "Button, William (d. 1274)" ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography''</ref>
* ] &ndash; ], Latin empress consort (b. ])
* ] &ndash; ], German archbishop (b. ])


== References == == References ==
{{Reflist}} {{reflist}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:1307}} {{DEFAULTSORT:1307}}

Latest revision as of 00:30, 4 October 2024

This article is about the year 1307. For the number, see 1307 (number). Calendar year
Millennium: 2nd millennium
Centuries:
Decades:
Years:
23rd Grand Master Jacques de Molay

Year 1307 (MCCCVII) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

1307 by topic
Leaders
Birth and death categories
Births – Deaths
Establishments and disestablishments categories
Establishments – Disestablishments
Art and literature
1307 in poetry
1307 in various calendars
Gregorian calendar1307
MCCCVII
Ab urbe condita2060
Armenian calendar756
ԹՎ ՉԾԶ
Assyrian calendar6057
Balinese saka calendar1228–1229
Bengali calendar714
Berber calendar2257
English Regnal year35 Edw. 1 – 1 Edw. 2
Buddhist calendar1851
Burmese calendar669
Byzantine calendar6815–6816
Chinese calendar丙午年 (Fire Horse)
4004 or 3797
    — to —
丁未年 (Fire Goat)
4005 or 3798
Coptic calendar1023–1024
Discordian calendar2473
Ethiopian calendar1299–1300
Hebrew calendar5067–5068
Hindu calendars
 - Vikram Samvat1363–1364
 - Shaka Samvat1228–1229
 - Kali Yuga4407–4408
Holocene calendar11307
Igbo calendar307–308
Iranian calendar685–686
Islamic calendar706–707
Japanese calendarTokuji 2
(徳治２年)
Javanese calendar1218–1219
Julian calendar1307
MCCCVII
Korean calendar3640
Minguo calendar605 before ROC
民前605年
Nanakshahi calendar−161
Thai solar calendar1849–1850
Tibetan calendar阳火马年
(male Fire-Horse)
1433 or 1052 or 280
    — to —
阴火羊年
(female Fire-Goat)
1434 or 1053 or 281

Events

January – March

April – June

July – September

October – December

By place

Europe

Britain

Asia

By topic

Cities and Towns

Births

Deaths

References

  1. ^ Twitchett, Dennis; Franke, Herbert, eds. (1994). The Cambridge History of China, Volume 6: Alien Regimes and Border States, 907–1368. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 505. ISBN 978-0-521-24331-5.
  2. ^ Barron, Evan MacLeod (1914). The Scottish War of Independence. Barnes and Noble Books. p. 260.
  3. Stefan Kamola, Rashīd al-Dīn and the making of history in Mongol Iran (2013). pp. 204–224
  4. Mackenzie, William and Symson, Andrew. The History of Galloway, J. Nicholson, 1841.
  5. Oliver, Neil (2009). A History of Scotland, p. 138. ISBN 978-0-7538-2663-8.
  6. ^ Morrison, Elizabeth; Hedeman, Anne Dawson, eds. (2010). Imagining the Past in France: History in Manuscript Painting, 1250-1500. J. Paul Getty Museum. p. 4.
  7. Philips, Seymour (2011). Edward II, p. 131. New Haven, CT & London. UK: Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-300-17802-9.
  8. "Edward II of England: Biography on Undiscovered Scotland". www.undiscoveredscotland.co.uk. Retrieved 21 March 2019.
  9. ^ Philips, Seymour (2011). Edward II, pp. 126–127. New Haven, CT & London. UK: Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-300-17802-9.
  10. Robert Bartlett, The Hanged Man: A Story of Miracle, Memory, and Colonialism in the Middle Ages (Princeton University Press, 2004) p. 24
  11. "The Hospitallers at Rhodes, 1306–1421", by Anthony Luttrell, in A History of the Crusades, Volume III: The Fourteenth and Fifteenth Centuries, ed by. Kenneth M. Setton and Harry W. Hazard (University of Wisconsin Press, 1975) pp. 278–313
  12. Howarth, Stephen (1982). The Knights Templar, pp. 260–261. New York: Barnes & Noble. ISBN 978-0-880-29663-2.
  13. Barber, Malcolm (2012). The Trial of the Templars, p. 1. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-45727-9.
  14. Recueil des Historiens des Croisades: Documents Armeniens, (Imprimerie Imperiale, 1869) p. 549
  15. Malcolm Barber, The New Knighthood: A History of the Order of the Temple (Cambridge University Press, 1998), p. 303
  16. "Slioch, battle of", by Bruce Webster, in The Oxford Companion to British History (Oxford University Press, 2015) p.841
  17. Barbour, John, The Bruce, p. 264. Translation: A. A. H. Duncan, 1964.
  18. Courtenay, William J. (2020). "King's Hall and Michaelhouse in the Context of Fourteenth-Century Cambridge". In Marenbon, John (ed.). King’s Hall, Cambridge and the Fourteenth-Century Universities: New Perspectives. Brill. pp. 28–29.
  19. Lee, Sidney, ed. (1892). "Joan of Acre" . Dictionary of National Biography. Vol. 29. London: Smith, Elder & Co. p. 390.
  20. "Edward I and Eleanor of Castile". Westminster Abbey. Retrieved 21 March 2019.
  21. Shaw "Button, William (d. 1264)" Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
  22. Shaw "Button, William (d. 1274)" Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
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