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'''Gerhard von Malberg''' was the sixth ] of the ], from ] to ]. '''Gerhard von Malberg''' (born c. 1200, died after 1245) was the sixth ] of the ], serving from c. 1241 to 1244. He was forced to resign from the office, and he does not appear in lists of the order's Grand Masters compiled in the 15th and 16th centuries.


The order was divided and in danger of dissolution during the 1240s and 1250s because its involvement in the ].
==Life==
Gerhard's immediate successors, ] and Gunther von Wüllersleben are also omitted from pre-modern lists, so that ] (r. 1252–1256) is given as the order's sixth Grand Master in historical sources.<ref>], "Überlegungen zu einem heraldischen Repertorium an Hand der Hochmeisterwappen des Deutschen Ordens" in: Matthias Thumser, Janusz Tandecki, Dieter Heckmann (eds.) ''Edition deutschsprachiger Quellen aus dem Ostseeraum (14.-16. Jahrhundert)'', Publikationen des Deutsch-Polnischen Gesprächskreises für Quellenedition. Publikacje Niemiecko-Polskiej Grupy Dyskusyjnej do Spraw Edycij Zrodel 1, 2001, 315&ndash;346 (). "
He hailed from lower ]. His father was murgrabe ] who married ] and took her last name and the castle ].
In mehreren Wappenbüchern des 15. und frühen 16. Jahrhunderts wird sogar die gesamte Hochmeisterreihe bis zur Anlage des jeweiligen Kodex aufgeführt. Es fehlen allerdings in allen Fällen die Schilde Gerhards von Malberg (1241-1244) und seiner beiden Nachfolger, Heinrich von Hohenlohe (1244-1249) und Gunther von Wüllersleben (1250-1252). Dieser Befund gilt nicht nur für mehrere süd- und südwestdeutsche Wappenbücher, die heute in Berlin, Innsbruck, Nürnberg, St. Gallen, Leipzig und London aufbewahrt werden und die die Sichtweise vom Deutschen Orden im Reich spiegeln, sondern auch für beinahe die gesamte spätmittelalterliche und frühneuzeitliche Überlieferung Preußens. Die vorwissenschaftliche Tradition kennt also für die Zeit bis 1525 statt 37 Hochmeistern nur 34 Träger des höchsten Ordensamtes"</ref>


Gerhard von Malberg did not plan to join the ]. He was married and had two sons, Thedoric and Otto. Gerhard was likely a younger son of Dietrich, margrave of Are (]) and Agnes of ]. He apparently received the castle of his mother's family. He was married and had two known sons.
He entered the order after the death of his wife, at an unknown time before 1239.
He joined the Teutonic Order after the death of his wife and in ] he became the Grand Marshal of the Order in ]. From the start of his career with the Teutonic Order he was tied with the ] and the whole ]. He was chosen as the sixth Grand Master in ].
He is first mentioned in 1239 as a witness, as ''frere Girard de Mauberge''.
The reason behind his election as the Grand Master was to have closer ties with thew Middle East by the Elders of the Order. Von Malberg also had clear support of the pope ] who in ] claimed ] as papal ].
In 1240 he signs as Marshall of the order in a treaty with the Knights Hospitaller.
At this time, ] was planning to incorporate the Teutonic Order into the Knights Hospitaller, and Gerhard's career in the order was likely furthered by his good connections to the Hospitaller order.
He was most likely elected Grand Master in late 1241. He is recorded as holding this office in February 1242, when he represented Frederick II at the Roman curia.
Frederick II dispatched the new Grand Master, the ], and the Magister Roger Porcastrello to pressure the ] to elect ] as pope, but ] was chosen instead.<ref name="Wyatt"/>


During 1243, he seems to have been a follower of Frederick II and his son ] in their conflict with the new pope ], sent by Frederick as an ambassador to the pope to negotiate a reconciliation in June 1243.
The majority was supporting the emperor while von Malberg was seen as pro-papal.
The pope gave Gerhard an apostolic ring, representing Prussia as a papal fief of the knights in return for annual tribute from the Order.<ref name="Wyatt">{{cite book|last=Wyatt|first=Walter James|title=The History of Prussia: Tracing the Origin and Development of her Military Organization|url=https://archive.org/details/historyprussiaf01wyatgoog|publisher=Longman, Green and Co.|location=London|year=1876|page=}}</ref> The knights fought against ] during von Malberg's service.
The fraction within the Order caused von Malberg to be called off as the Grand Master, he, however, never accepted ]'s decision.
He forged the Grand Master's stamp and issuing his own documents and what was the worst for the Order, taking big loans under the Grand Master's name.
Pope Innocent IV, still supporting von Malberg, issued him ], paid off his debt and received a promise and von Malberg and his followers will stop taking new loans and will join the ].
However, it is highly unlikely that he lived up to his promise and this caused the pope to issue a new document in which he allowed the Grand Master to charge von Malberg in the case he tried to misuse his privileges.
This has never happened as Gerhard von Malberg has died a few months later, in either ] or ].


In late 1243 or early 1244 (before 7 July 1244), Gerhard resigned as Grand Master. The reasons for his resignation are unclear, but he seems to have been accused of poor leadership and mismanagement. Innocent IV permitted Gerhard to enter the Knights Templar, but there is no evidence that Gerhard made use of this.
==]==
== References ==
{{reflist}}


*{{NDB|6|269|270|Gerhard v. Malberg|Kurt Forstreuter|136648312}}
It is believed that only von Malberg and a handful of knights were able to escape with their lives, but some historians seem to disagree with this theory.
*O. Schreiber, "Die Personal- und Amtsdaten der Hochmeister des Deutschen Ritterordens", ''Oberländische Geschichtsblätter'' 15, 1913.
They claim that Grand Master Gerhard von Malberg who probably never set foot in ] in his life and did not lead the crusades in 1242 on Lake Peipus. They claim the crusades were led by Hermann von Buxhoeveden.


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] {{DEFAULTSORT:Malberg, Gerhard von}}
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Latest revision as of 21:54, 29 August 2024

Gerhard von Malberg (born c. 1200, died after 1245) was the sixth Grand Master of the Teutonic Order, serving from c. 1241 to 1244. He was forced to resign from the office, and he does not appear in lists of the order's Grand Masters compiled in the 15th and 16th centuries.

The order was divided and in danger of dissolution during the 1240s and 1250s because its involvement in the papal-imperial conflict. Gerhard's immediate successors, Heinrich von Hohenlohe and Gunther von Wüllersleben are also omitted from pre-modern lists, so that Poppo von Osterna (r. 1252–1256) is given as the order's sixth Grand Master in historical sources.

Gerhard was likely a younger son of Dietrich, margrave of Are (Altenahr) and Agnes of Malberg. He apparently received the castle of his mother's family. He was married and had two known sons. He entered the order after the death of his wife, at an unknown time before 1239. He is first mentioned in 1239 as a witness, as frere Girard de Mauberge. In 1240 he signs as Marshall of the order in a treaty with the Knights Hospitaller. At this time, Pope Gregory IX was planning to incorporate the Teutonic Order into the Knights Hospitaller, and Gerhard's career in the order was likely furthered by his good connections to the Hospitaller order. He was most likely elected Grand Master in late 1241. He is recorded as holding this office in February 1242, when he represented Frederick II at the Roman curia. Frederick II dispatched the new Grand Master, the Archbishop of Bari, and the Magister Roger Porcastrello to pressure the papal conclave to elect Otto of St. Nicholas as pope, but Pope Celestine IV was chosen instead.

During 1243, he seems to have been a follower of Frederick II and his son Conrad IV in their conflict with the new pope Innocent IV, sent by Frederick as an ambassador to the pope to negotiate a reconciliation in June 1243. The pope gave Gerhard an apostolic ring, representing Prussia as a papal fief of the knights in return for annual tribute from the Order. The knights fought against Świętopełk II of Pomerania during von Malberg's service.

In late 1243 or early 1244 (before 7 July 1244), Gerhard resigned as Grand Master. The reasons for his resignation are unclear, but he seems to have been accused of poor leadership and mismanagement. Innocent IV permitted Gerhard to enter the Knights Templar, but there is no evidence that Gerhard made use of this.

References

  1. Marie-Luise Heckmann, "Überlegungen zu einem heraldischen Repertorium an Hand der Hochmeisterwappen des Deutschen Ordens" in: Matthias Thumser, Janusz Tandecki, Dieter Heckmann (eds.) Edition deutschsprachiger Quellen aus dem Ostseeraum (14.-16. Jahrhundert), Publikationen des Deutsch-Polnischen Gesprächskreises für Quellenedition. Publikacje Niemiecko-Polskiej Grupy Dyskusyjnej do Spraw Edycij Zrodel 1, 2001, 315–346 (online edition). " In mehreren Wappenbüchern des 15. und frühen 16. Jahrhunderts wird sogar die gesamte Hochmeisterreihe bis zur Anlage des jeweiligen Kodex aufgeführt. Es fehlen allerdings in allen Fällen die Schilde Gerhards von Malberg (1241-1244) und seiner beiden Nachfolger, Heinrich von Hohenlohe (1244-1249) und Gunther von Wüllersleben (1250-1252). Dieser Befund gilt nicht nur für mehrere süd- und südwestdeutsche Wappenbücher, die heute in Berlin, Innsbruck, Nürnberg, St. Gallen, Leipzig und London aufbewahrt werden und die die Sichtweise vom Deutschen Orden im Reich spiegeln, sondern auch für beinahe die gesamte spätmittelalterliche und frühneuzeitliche Überlieferung Preußens. Die vorwissenschaftliche Tradition kennt also für die Zeit bis 1525 statt 37 Hochmeistern nur 34 Träger des höchsten Ordensamtes"
  2. ^ Wyatt, Walter James (1876). The History of Prussia: Tracing the Origin and Development of her Military Organization. London: Longman, Green and Co. p. 326.
Grand Master of the Teutonic Order
Preceded byConrad of Thuringia Hochmeister
1240-1244 		Succeeded byHeinrich von Hohenlohe
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