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| {{Short description| |
{{Short description|Vietnamese dish}} | ||
| {{Infobox |
{{Infobox food | ||
| | name = Caramelized pork and eggs | | name = Caramelized pork and eggs | ||
| | image = Caramelized Pork and Eggs.jpg | | image = Caramelized Pork and Eggs.jpg | ||
| | image_size = 170px | | image_size = 170px | ||
| | caption = |
| caption = Caramelized pork and eggs | ||
| | alternate_name = |
| alternate_name = {{Plainlist| | ||
| *Thịt kho tàu | |||
| ⚫ | | country = ] | ||
| *Thịt kho nước dừa | |||
| ⚫ | | region = ] | ||
| *Thịt kho trứng | |||
| ⚫ | | national_cuisine = ] and ] |
||
| }} | |||
| ⚫ | | country = ] | ||
| ⚫ | | region = ] | ||
| ⚫ | | national_cuisine = ], ], and ] | ||
| | creator = | | creator = | ||
| | course = ], ] | | course = ], ], ] | ||
| | type = | | type = | ||
| | served = | | served = | ||
| | main_ingredient = ], ], and ] | | main_ingredient = ], ], and ] | ||
| | variations = Thịt kho tiêu, Thịt kho nước mắm, Thịt kho tương | |||
| | other = | | other = | ||
| }} | }} | ||
| '''Caramelized pork and eggs''' or '''thịt kho tàu''' is a ] that consists of small pieces of ] ] and ] ] in ].<ref>{{Cite web |date=29 January 2019 |title=Vietnamese Caramelized Pork Belly and Eggs (Thịt Kho Trứng) |url=https://bunbobae.com/caramelized-pork-belly-and-eggs-thit-kho-trung/ |website=Bun Bo Bae}}</ref> Along with being a familiar part of an everyday meal in Vietnam, thịt kho tàu also holds significance as one of the traditional dishes during ] (Vietnamese New Year). On this holiday, before being served for general consumption, it is offered to deceased ancestors and family members on ].<ref>{{Cite web |date=29 January 2024 |title=The Edible Luck And Good Fortune Of Vietnamese Food |url=https://epicurevietnam.com/whats-on/vietnam-1/the-edible-luck-and-good-fortune-of-vietnamese-food |website= Epicure Vietnam}}</ref> | |||
| '''Caramelized pork and eggs''' ({{lang-km|ខសាច់ជ្រូក}}, {{lang|km-latn|khor săch chruk}}, {{Lang-vi|thịt kho tàu}}) is a ]<ref>{{cite web |date=29 October 2020 |title=Cambodian Caramelized Pork & Eggs |url=https://khatiya-korner.com/cambodian-caramelized-pork-eggs/ |website=Khatiya Korner |accessdate=7 January 2021}}</ref> and ]<ref>Hoài Phương. Vietnam Tourism Review (in Vietnamese). Archived from the on 2014-01-15.</ref> dish traditionally consisting of small pieces of ] ] and ]s ] in ]. | |||
| ==Etymology and Origin== | |||
| In the ], “thịt” means “meat” (in this case, pork), while “]” refers to the Vietnamese cooking technique. The interpretation of the last word, “tàu,” has led to several competing narratives about the origin of thịt kho tàu. | |||
| The first of these narratives recounts the story of Vietnamese ], who would cook large pots of pork stew to bring along with them on their lengthy voyages. This dish, which is nutritious and keeps well, would give these fishermen the necessary energy to do their labor-intensive job and sustain them for months out at sea. As it could always be found on the ] of these fishermen, the stew became associated with boats, and since the word for “boat” is “tàu” in the Vietnamese language, the dish was given the name “thịt kho tàu.”<ref name=Vietnamese_origin_1>{{Cite web |date=24 January 2022 |title=Nguồn gốc, ý nghĩa thịt kho tàu |url=https://baoquangngai.vn/channel/6101/202201/nguon-goc-y-nghia-thit-kho-tau-3100582/ |website=Báo Quang Ngãi}}</ref><ref name=Vietnamese_origin_2>{{Cite web |date=13 February 2021 |title=Tại sao lại gọi thịt kho tàu? Nguồn gốc và ý nghĩa món ăn |url=https://quantrimang.com/cuoc-song/tai-sao-lai-goi-la-thit-kho-tau-179123 |website=Quản trị mạng}}</ref><ref name=Vietnamese_origin_3>{{Cite web |date=25 August 2022 |title=Thịt kho tàu • Vietnamese caramel braised pork |url=https://mmbonappetit.com/thit-kho-tau/ |website=MM Bon Appétit}}</ref><ref name=Vietnamese_origin_4>{{Cite web |date=29 January 2024 |title=Vietnamese braised pork belly (Thit kho): A must-try dish in the south |url=https://vinpearl.com/en/vietnamese-braised-pork-belly-a-delicacy-to-savor |website=Vinpearl}}</ref> | |||
| The next narrative is based on the word “tàu” meaning “Chinese.” After the ] was overthrown by the ], there was a mass exodus of ] to Vietnam. Because these people arrived by boat, the Vietnamese called them “người tàu,” where “người” means “people” and “tàu” means “boat.” In other words, “Chinese people” were “boat people.” The word “tàu” essentially became synonymous with the adjective “Chinese.”<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tàu |url=https://en.wiktionary.org/T%C3%A0u |website=Wiktionary |accessdate=28 September 2024}}</ref> If the word “tàu” in “thịt kho tàu” means “Chinese,” then reason dictates that the dish should be connected to the Chinese, and it is. Thịt kho tàu is believed to have been an interpretation of a dish brought over by the aforementioned Chinese (specifically, the ]) émigrés: tau yu bak (豆油肉), Fujian soy sauce pork and eggs. Though it had relied on tau yu bak as an initial framework to work off of, thịt kho tàu can be considered an entirely different dish as a quick comparison between tau yu bak’s recipe<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 March 2024 |title=Tau Yu Bak: Soy Braised Pork Belly Nirvana |url=https://yumaroundtheworld.com/tau-yu-bak/ |website=Yum Around the World}}</ref> and thịt kho tàu’s recipe,<ref>{{Cite web |date=10 February 2021 |title=Thit Kho (Vietnamese Braised Pork and Eggs) |url=https://onolicioushawaii.com/thit-kho/ |website=Onolicious Hawaii}}</ref> namely the ] used by each dish, reveals. The chief difference between the two is the ] used in their preparation. Tau yu bak calls for light and dark ] (hence, the name “soy sauce pork and eggs”). Thịt kho tàu substitutes the light soy sauce with nước mắm/Vietnamese ] and replaces the dark soy sauce with nước màu/Vietnamese ] (hence, the name “caramelized pork and eggs”). Lastly, in lieu of ] as the braising liquid, there is ], an ingredient widely available in Vietnam but not China. All these modifications from Chinese to Vietnamese ingredients resulted in a new, distinctly Vietnamese dish.<ref>{{Cite web |date=9 October 2022 |title=Tau Yew Bak (Braised Pork in Soy Sauce) |url=https://www.greedygirlgourmet.com/tau-yew-bak-or-singapore-soy-sauce-braised-pork-recipe/ |website=Greedy Girl Gourmet}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=15 April 2022 |title=Melt-in-your-Mouth Braised Pork Belly in the Instant Pot |url=https://www.cherylmiles.com/smitten-in-the-kitchen/recipes/melt-in-your-mouth-braised-pork-belly-in-the-instant-pot/ |website=Cheryl Miles}}</ref> | |||
| The final narrative argues that the word “tàu” in “thịt kho tàu” doesn’t mean “boat” or “Chinese” at all. The writer and culturalist, Bình Nguyên Lộc, claims that, according to the ] of Southwestern Vietnam, “tàu” roughly translates to “slightly salty, slightly sweet” and is commonly used to describe the waters of ] ]. Evidence for this includes the word “tàu” in the names of the rivers, Cái Tàu Hạ and Cái Tàu Thượng, located in Southwestern Vietnam. From these insights, Bình Nguyên Lộc came to conclude that the Southwestern Vietnamese had created thịt kho tàu and used the word “tàu” in the dish’s name to describe its slightly salty and slightly sweet taste.<ref name=Vietnamese_origin_1/><ref name=Vietnamese_origin_2/><ref name=Vietnamese_origin_3/><ref name=Vietnamese_origin_4/> | |||
| Regardless of which of the above three narratives is true, they all share the understanding that thịt kho tàu originated in Vietnam. | |||
| Although it is a familiar part of an everyday meal amongst the Vietnamese in ],<ref> Công Ty TNHH Thương Mại Dịch Vụ Du Lịch Cabaret (in Vietnamese). Archived from the on 2014-01-15.</ref> it is also one of the traditional dishes during ].<ref>Petitecuisine Trần. Công ty Cổ phần Quảng cáo Trực tuyến 24H (in Vietnamese). Archived from the on 2014-01-15.</ref> Before it is served for general consumption, the food is offered to deceased ancestors or family members<ref> Phong Thủy Học (in Vietnamese). Archived from the on 2014-01-06.</ref> on altars. | |||
| ==Popularity== | |||
| In Vietnam, rice is commonly served alongside this dish.<ref>EVA.VN (2014-01-10). Yahoo (in Vietnamese). Archived from the on 2014-01-15.</ref> It is similar to ''tau yu bak'' (豆油肉), a traditional ]. | |||
| Over the years, thịt kho tàu has become so popular that it has spread to other nearby ] countries, including ]<ref>{{Cite web |date=29 October 2020 |title=Cambodian Caramelized Pork & Eggs |url=https://khatiya-korner.com/cambodian-caramelized-pork-eggs/ |website=Khatiya Korner}}</ref> and ],<ref>{{Cite web |date=27 January 2024 |title=Thom Khem: Lao Caramelized Braised Pork Egg Stew |url=https://www.saengskitchen.com/laorecipes/thomkhem |website=Saeng's Kitchen}}</ref> where it is called “khor săch chruk ({{langx|km|ខសាច់ជ្រូក}})” and “thom khem ({{langx|lo|ຕົ້ມເຄັມ}}),” respectively. | |||
| ==See also== | ==See also== | ||
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| {{Cambodian cuisine|state=collapsed}} | {{Cambodian cuisine|state=collapsed}} | ||
| {{Lao cuisine|state=collapsed}} | |||
| {{Vietnamese cuisine|state=collapsed}} | {{Vietnamese cuisine|state=collapsed}} | ||
| {{DEFAULTSORT:Caramelized pork and eggs}} | {{DEFAULTSORT:Caramelized pork and eggs}} | ||
| ] | ] | ||
| ] | |||
| ] | ] | ||
| ] | ] | ||
Latest revision as of 16:12, 6 November 2024
Vietnamese dish Caramelized pork and eggs | |
| Alternative names |
|
|---|---|
| Course | Breakfast, lunch, dinner |
| Place of origin | Vietnam |
| Region or state | Southeast Asia |
| Associated cuisine | Cambodian, Laotian, and Vietnamese |
| Main ingredients | Pork, eggs, and coconut juice |
| Variations | Thịt kho tiêu, Thịt kho nước mắm, Thịt kho tương |
Caramelized pork and eggs or thịt kho tàu is a Vietnamese dish that consists of small pieces of marinated pork and boiled eggs braised in coconut juice. Along with being a familiar part of an everyday meal in Vietnam, thịt kho tàu also holds significance as one of the traditional dishes during Tết (Vietnamese New Year). On this holiday, before being served for general consumption, it is offered to deceased ancestors and family members on altars.
Etymology and Origin
In the Vietnamese language, “thịt” means “meat” (in this case, pork), while “kho” refers to the Vietnamese cooking technique. The interpretation of the last word, “tàu,” has led to several competing narratives about the origin of thịt kho tàu.
The first of these narratives recounts the story of Vietnamese fishermen, who would cook large pots of pork stew to bring along with them on their lengthy voyages. This dish, which is nutritious and keeps well, would give these fishermen the necessary energy to do their labor-intensive job and sustain them for months out at sea. As it could always be found on the boats of these fishermen, the stew became associated with boats, and since the word for “boat” is “tàu” in the Vietnamese language, the dish was given the name “thịt kho tàu.”
The next narrative is based on the word “tàu” meaning “Chinese.” After the Ming Dynasty was overthrown by the Qing Dynasty, there was a mass exodus of Chinese people to Vietnam. Because these people arrived by boat, the Vietnamese called them “người tàu,” where “người” means “people” and “tàu” means “boat.” In other words, “Chinese people” were “boat people.” The word “tàu” essentially became synonymous with the adjective “Chinese.” If the word “tàu” in “thịt kho tàu” means “Chinese,” then reason dictates that the dish should be connected to the Chinese, and it is. Thịt kho tàu is believed to have been an interpretation of a dish brought over by the aforementioned Chinese (specifically, the Fujianese) émigrés: tau yu bak (豆油肉), Fujian soy sauce pork and eggs. Though it had relied on tau yu bak as an initial framework to work off of, thịt kho tàu can be considered an entirely different dish as a quick comparison between tau yu bak’s recipe and thịt kho tàu’s recipe, namely the ingredients used by each dish, reveals. The chief difference between the two is the sauces used in their preparation. Tau yu bak calls for light and dark soy sauce (hence, the name “soy sauce pork and eggs”). Thịt kho tàu substitutes the light soy sauce with nước mắm/Vietnamese fish sauce and replaces the dark soy sauce with nước màu/Vietnamese caramel sauce (hence, the name “caramelized pork and eggs”). Lastly, in lieu of water as the braising liquid, there is coconut juice, an ingredient widely available in Vietnam but not China. All these modifications from Chinese to Vietnamese ingredients resulted in a new, distinctly Vietnamese dish.
The final narrative argues that the word “tàu” in “thịt kho tàu” doesn’t mean “boat” or “Chinese” at all. The writer and culturalist, Bình Nguyên Lộc, claims that, according to the dialect of Southwestern Vietnam, “tàu” roughly translates to “slightly salty, slightly sweet” and is commonly used to describe the waters of brackish rivers. Evidence for this includes the word “tàu” in the names of the rivers, Cái Tàu Hạ and Cái Tàu Thượng, located in Southwestern Vietnam. From these insights, Bình Nguyên Lộc came to conclude that the Southwestern Vietnamese had created thịt kho tàu and used the word “tàu” in the dish’s name to describe its slightly salty and slightly sweet taste.
Regardless of which of the above three narratives is true, they all share the understanding that thịt kho tàu originated in Vietnam.
Popularity
Over the years, thịt kho tàu has become so popular that it has spread to other nearby Southeast Asian countries, including Cambodia and Laos, where it is called “khor săch chruk (Khmer: ខសាច់ជ្រូក)” and “thom khem (Lao: ຕົ້ມເຄັມ),” respectively.
See also
References
- "Vietnamese Caramelized Pork Belly and Eggs (Thịt Kho Trứng)". Bun Bo Bae. 29 January 2019.
- "The Edible Luck And Good Fortune Of Vietnamese Food". Epicure Vietnam. 29 January 2024.
- ^ "Nguồn gốc, ý nghĩa thịt kho tàu". Báo Quang Ngãi. 24 January 2022.
- ^ "Tại sao lại gọi thịt kho tàu? Nguồn gốc và ý nghĩa món ăn". Quản trị mạng. 13 February 2021.
- ^ "Thịt kho tàu • Vietnamese caramel braised pork". MM Bon Appétit. 25 August 2022.
- ^ "Vietnamese braised pork belly (Thit kho): A must-try dish in the south". Vinpearl. 29 January 2024.
- "Tàu". Wiktionary. Retrieved 28 September 2024.
- "Tau Yu Bak: Soy Braised Pork Belly Nirvana". Yum Around the World. 7 March 2024.
- "Thit Kho (Vietnamese Braised Pork and Eggs)". Onolicious Hawaii. 10 February 2021.
- "Tau Yew Bak (Braised Pork in Soy Sauce)". Greedy Girl Gourmet. 9 October 2022.
- "Melt-in-your-Mouth Braised Pork Belly in the Instant Pot". Cheryl Miles. 15 April 2022.
- "Cambodian Caramelized Pork & Eggs". Khatiya Korner. 29 October 2020.
- "Thom Khem: Lao Caramelized Braised Pork Egg Stew". Saeng's Kitchen. 27 January 2024.
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