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The '''Emmanuel Schools Foundation''' (previously the Vardy Foundation after its founder, Sir ]) intends to set up a total of seven specialist independent schools in the ] under the Government's ]. Under this scheme the provision of some initial sponsorship gives the backer the right to influence the ethos of the school by hand-picking the initial board of governors, though one of the board members must be a board member who is nominated by the parents of children at the Academy. This is controversial because of Vardy's fundamentalist Christian beliefs.
The '''Emmanuel Schools Foundation''' (ESF) is a charitable trust which has been involved in education since 1989.<ref name=vardy188>{{cite web |url=http://www.vardyfoundation.com/page_delivery.asp?page=188 |title=Emmanuel Schools Foundation |accessdate=3 January 2011 |publisher=The Vardy Foundation |archiveurl=https://archive.today/20110103224455/http://www.vardyfoundation.com/page_delivery.asp?page=188 |archivedate=3 January 2011 |url-status=dead |df=dmy-all }}</ref>


ESF currently run six schools. The four original members of the ESF are: ] in ] (opened 1990), ] in ] (2003), ] in ], ] (2005) and ] in ] which opened in September 2009. In 2004, the Foundation's former chairman, Sir ], discussed an aim to sponsor seven schools in the North of England that would educate a total of 10,000 students.<ref name=observer>, '']'', 11 July 2004. Retrieved 22 April 2009</ref> In April 2019, the ESF also formally adopted ] in ] into the foundation. Most recently, the foundation adopted ] (formerly 'Grindon Hall Christian School') in ] into ESF.
A key feature of the Foundation's schools is the emphasis on its Christian ethos, although the Foundation is keen to stress that there has never been a religious dimension to its Student Intake Policy. In particular, students are encouraged to consider the claims of the ], including ], alongside the standard ]. These ideas are presented in assemblies and religion lessons (called Philosophy, Theology and Ethics).


Many of its schools have been oversubscribed every year.<ref name=vardy188/><ref name="bj">, The Journal, Blyth, 12 November 2008. Retrieved 1 April 2010</ref>
At present the foundation runs three schools - ] in ], ] in ] and ] in ]. The Foundation put forward an 'expression of interest' in opening a second Academy in the Doncaster area, this time in the town of ]. The scheme, which was enthusiastically backed by Conisbrough council's Aidan Rave and Doncaster Mayor Martin Winter, was scrapped after protests by parents of Conisbrough's Northcliffe School.. The Foundation is also in talks with Northumbria's Local Education Authority.


Although the Government allows ] to select 10% of pupils by ability, ESF Academies do not do so, being fully ]s for local children. They have a Christian ethos, but are not faith schools and welcome staff and students of all faiths and of none.<ref name=wainwright/>
It is worth noting that while the Academy initiative is meant to replace "failing" inner city schools, according to local parents and teachers, one of the schools that The King's Academy replaced was neither failing nor has an inner city location. Coulby Newham School was regarded as good in its OFSTED reports in 1995 and 2000 and in 2002 HMI stated that it was even better than at its last inspection. HMI stated quite clearly that the new school should build on the work already done at Coulby Newham. In the academy's first few months of operation some 10 times the national average of pupils were permanently excluded. Some consider the discipline at the King's to be strict, others welcome the 'old-school' style of discipline that the Academy has laid down.


==History==
The Emmanuel Schools Foundation aspires to run seven schools (seven being a biblically significant number). In September 2005, Nigel McQuoid (former principal of the King's Academy and Emmanuel College themselves) became head of the entire foundation, ensuring its proper running. McQuoid also has a seat on the board of governors at each of the Foundation's schools. Chris Drew, who was educated in nearby ], (and former head of sixth form at the King's Academy) replaced him as principal.


=== Establishment of Emmanuel College ===
The three schools that currently form the foundation have formed a strong alliance. One such event that shows this spirit of friendship is the annual Emmanuel Schools Olympics which was hosted by The King's in 2004 ,and Emmanuel College in 2005.
In 1988, ] responded to the then Government’s appeal to local businessmen to become involved in the education of young people in the most socio-economically deprived parts of their home regions through sponsorship of the ] initiative. The aim of the initiative was twofold:


# To engage business people who had been successful in turning around failing businesses in using their experience to help turn around failing schools, and
In 2006 ] praised Emmanuel College of ], claiming that it is "remarkable", and classifying it as an 'outstanding' school for the third inspection in a row. It is only one of twelve secondary schools in the UK to have achieved this. .
# To create beacons of academic excellence in inner-city areas which would be able to show other parents, teachers and students what was possible.<ref name=history>{{cite web |url=http://www.emmanuel-schools.org.uk/thefoundation/history/index.php |title=History |accessdate=3 January 2011 |publisher=Emmanuel Schools Foundation |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111007022607/http://www.emmanuel-schools.org.uk/thefoundation/history/index.php |archivedate=7 October 2011 |url-status=dead |df=dmy-all }}</ref>


The first ESF school, ], was founded in 1990 as ]’s City Technology College and opened with just 151 students in Year 7. John Burn (Headteacher of Long Benton) had been instrumental in persuading Peter Vardy to engage in the CTC programme. Originally specialising in Technology, the College was awarded a second specialism in Business and Enterprise (2005), allowing it to build upon its ] and current Leading Edge Status through its extensive work in delivering specialist teaching programmes within Primary Schools.
It is said that the report should be taken with a pinch of salt, as Emmanuel College attracts the best pupils. This suggestion is flawed, since Emmanuel is a wholly comprehensive school - its intake has to fulfil exact quotas of children from different ability bands.


=== Expansion ===
==Creationism controversy==
The foundation was formally established when The King's Academy was established in Coulby Newham, Middlesbrough in 2003, as one of the earliest schools built under New Labour's academies programme. Vardy pledged to eventually build seven academies.
The Fundation first became national news in 2002 when it was revealed that ] was taught in Emmanuel College ] classes. The role of creationism in science lessons has since become less clear, with Vardy confirming it in 2003 and denying it in 2005, both times on ]'s '']''. The Head of the Science, Electronics and Engineering Department at the King's, John Dear, has said on many occasions that the teaching of creationism will not form part of the curriculum in science lessons, but the idea of a God Creator is of course discussed freely in Religious Education and presented to pupils in assemblies.


The Foundation's approach was not universally welcomed, and in 2004 opponents blocked the Foundation's bid to take over ] in ], near ], which Ofsted had placed under ].<ref>, ''Daily Telegraph'', 15 October 2004. Retrieved 1 April 2010</ref> Instead, it took over Thorne Grammar School and redeveloped the site to create Trinity Academy in 2005.
Nigel McQuoid, however, has stated:


In September 2009 ESF also opened its fourth school, Bede Academy, which is its first covering the whole school age range of 3-18,<ref name="bj" /> with Nursery, Primary and Secondary provision across two sites in Blyth on the Northumberland coast. Specialising in Engineering and Enterprise, the school focuses on extending conventional perceptions of engineering by providing specialist insights into aspects of biotechnology, environmental science and recycling technologies, sound and computer network engineering, medical and animal science, and naval and automotive systems and design.
::To teach children that they are developed mutations who evolved from something akin to a monkey as a result of a cataclysmic chemical accident and that death is the end of everything is hardly going to engender within them a sense of purpose, self-worth and respect. To present, however, the Truth that they were made by a loving and just God who sees every one of them as being of equal and real value and capable of achieving their best, and to speak of the life beyond death, creates an altogether more positive sense of responsibility, accountability and direction.


In September 2009 it was announced that David Wootton would join from the Grace Foundation to become ESF's first Chief Executive. In February 2010, the Foundation announced that Sir Peter Vardy was to step down as chairman, to be succeeded by his brother, David Vardy, who had previously been Project Director of the foundation, overseeing the building of the schools. The foundation celebrated its twentieth anniversary with a conference at The Sage Gateshead for the staff, including celebratory videos, musical entertainment from each of the schools, and keynote talks by author Gervaise Phinn and futurist Patrick Dixon, among others.
A lecture given by Steven Layfield, prior to his taking up the job of Head of Science at Emmanuel College, Gateshead, on ''The Teaching of Science: A Biblical Perspective'' in 2000 (but taken down by the Christian Institute at the request of the College) had several suggestions for incorporating religion into subjects like biology ("Biologists ought at the very least to recognise and draw particular attention to the lack of factual evidence for macro-evolution."), Chemistry ("Chemists should point out the remarkable fact that... the evident order epitomized in the periodic table betrays the fact that the Creator is a God order not chaos."), and physics ("Physics teachers must give careful thought and consideration to the actual data... and then weigh the possibility of such intricate structure and complexity arising by chance. They should go on to explain that the time-honoured laws of Physics collectively cry out 'impossible'!").


=== New oversight and developments ===
An analysis of the Biblical message from the 2004 prospectus can be found .
In October 2010 it was announced that Sir Peter Vardy was handing over management of the schools to the ].<ref>, ''Gazette'', 13 October 2010. Retrieved 20 October 2010.</ref> The ESF schools were never integrated into the ULT network, however, and were ultimately later established as a multi-academy trust (MAT).


In April 2019, ESF formally adopted ] in ], after its being rated inadequate in a 2018 Ofsted inspection, with Emmanuel College vice-principal Mark Hall taking over leadership of the school. Later in 2019, ] in Sunderland was also brought into the multi-academy trust, with Bede Academy's vice-principal Julie Roberts becoming its head.
==Trinity Academy==


==Academic successes==
Trinity Academy opened on the site of Thorne Grammar School in September 2006. Although all Thorne Grammar School staff had a TUPE right to transfer across at the same rate of pay and working conditions there are several anomalies where jobs have been changed, shared out and then made redundant. A significant proportion, in excess of 30, of the Thorne Grammar School Staff either retired or found other employment in preference to moving to Trinity Academy. At the end of the 2005-6 academic year more staff have left (20+), it is claimed that some have left due to stress.


Emmanuel College claims that its students, taught as part of a mixed, non-selective comprehensive school, perform significantly above all value-add measures and their academic results have placed the College amongst the highest ranked schools in England for the past ten years.<ref> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110726030535/http://www.emmanuelschools.org/emmanuelcollege/emmanuelcollege/index.php |date=26 July 2011 }} on Emmanuel Schools Foundation website (retrieved 17 April 2009)</ref>
Trinity Academy has officially permanently excluded very few pupils. In part this is because some pupils decided not to take up their place at the new Academy, of which all students were offered the opportunity.

A 2009 report on The King's Academy by Ofsted referred to many improvements, with the school officially ranked as "good, with many outstanding features". Inspectors said the academy was exceptional when it came to boosting students' personal development and well-being, and offering them care, guidance and support.<ref>{{ofsted|134223|Ofsted reports on The King's Academy}}</ref><ref>, ''Teesside Evening Gazette'', 4 March 2009</ref>

==Controversy==

In 2002, a group of leading scientists including ] alleged that ] was taught in ] classes at ].<ref>{{cite web | url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/education/1872331.stm | title=School attacked over evolution teaching | publisher=] | date=14 March 2002 | accessdate=29 May 2008}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Dawkins|first=Richard|title=The God Delusion|year=2006|pages=331–337}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last1=Dawkins|first1=Richard|title=Young Earth Creationists teach bad science and worse religion|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/comment/personal-view/3574344/Young-Earth-Creationists-teach-bad-science-and-worse-religion.html|website=The Telegraph|publisher=Telegraph Media Group Limited|accessdate=9 October 2015|date=18 March 2002}}</ref> Steven Layfield, the College's Head of Science and a ] activist,<ref>{{cite news|last1=Paton|first1=Graeme|title=Vardy link to drive on creationism|url=https://www.tes.com/article.aspx?storycode=2294604|accessdate=9 October 2015|work=]|publisher=TES Global Ltd |date=6 October 2006}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last1=Layfield|first1=Steve|title=2nd Creation Activists Conference 1998: Creation Science - Getting the Message into Schools|url=http://www.amen.org.uk/actconf/schoolms.htm|website=Amen.org.uk|publisher=R H Johnston|accessdate=9 October 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last1=Connor|first1=Steve|title=Website removes creationist lecture|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/education/education-news/website-removes-creationist-lecture-9132667.html|website=The Independent|publisher=Independent Digital News and Media Ltd|accessdate=9 October 2015}}</ref> had held a lecture urging teachers to promote creationism to pupils, parents, and colleagues, including in science classes.<ref>{{cite web|title=The Bible versus science|url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2002/mar/09/religion.schools|website=The Guardian|publisher=Guardian News and Media Limited|accessdate=9 October 2015}}</ref> Layfield later resigned from the board of creationist body ]<ref>{{cite web|last1=Jackson|first1=Nick|title=Does creationism have a place in the classroom?|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/education/education-news/does-creationism-have-a-place-in-the-classroom-419589.html|website=The Independent|publisher=Independent Digital News and Media Ltd|accessdate=9 October 2015}}</ref> to state a separation between his private views and the school's teaching of science.<ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.thefreelibrary.com/Science+teacher+quits+faith+pressure+group.-a0154752732 | title=Science teacher quits faith pressure group | newspaper=] | date=21 November 2006 | accessdate=9 October 2015}}</ref>

After reviewing the material used to teach science at Emmanuel College, Mike Tomlinson, chief inspector of Ofsted, decided that the matter did not need to be pursued further.<!-- <ref>{{cite web | url=https://ofsted.biz/content/download/1783/12032/file/Emmanuel%20College%20-%20David%20Bell's%20letter%20(PDF%20format).pdf | title=The teaching of science at Emmanuel College | author=David Bell | publisher=] | date=7 May 2002 | accessdate=20 October 2010}} </ref> -- This Ofsted doc is the actual letter. Commented-out as the following NAO ref is better, as a secondary source. --><ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.nao.org.uk/idoc.ashx?docId=cd4a1372-5ab0-4ecb-9ba0-d3234a9abb77&version=-1 | title=The Academies Programme | author= | publisher=] | date=23 February 2007 | page= 35 | accessdate=20 October 2010}}</ref> The next ] inspection in 2006 described the school as 'Outstanding' and found no problem with its science provision.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://reports.ofsted.gov.uk/provider/files/809749/urn/108420.pdf |title=Emmanuel College inspection report |publisher=] |date=2 May 2006 |accessdate=27 December 2016}}</ref>

In 2005, ] in '']'' accused Emmanuel Schools Foundation of promoting ].<ref> '']'', 15 January 2005</ref>
In 2006, ] interviewed ex-pupils for a Channel 4 '']'' programme titled "]", alleging that their teachers had promoted creationism both in and out of class.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bcseweb.org.uk/index.php/Main/ESFInterviews |title=Interviews with Former Vardy Schools Students| publisher=]| accessdate=27 May 2011}}</ref>

However, a later article by ], writing in '']'' in December 2006, said that associating ESF's schools with creationism "couldn't be more wrong."<ref name=wainwright>, '']'', 5 December 2006</ref>

Opponents of ] continued to refer to the original accusation.<ref>E.g. , ], 27 March 2010. Retrieved 9 April 2010</ref> After '']'' magazine published such an article in 2009, Peter Vardy took legal action against the magazine and its editor, who apologised, withdrew the allegations, and made an undisclosed payment to a nominated charity.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.gazettelive.co.uk/news/teesside-news/2010/11/05/millionaire-teesside-school-sponsor-wins-legal-battle-84229-27606818/ |title=Millionaire Teesside school sponsor wins legal battle |accessdate=3 January 2011 |date=5 November 2010 |newspaper=Evening Gazette|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5vTFkpSDO?url=http://www.gazettelive.co.uk/news/teesside-news/2010/11/05/millionaire-teesside-school-sponsor-wins-legal-battle-84229-27606818/ |archivedate=3 January 2011 |url-status=dead }} {{cite web|url=http://www.gazettelive.co.uk/news/teesside-news/2010/11/05/millionaire-teesside-school-sponsor-wins-legal-battle-84229-27606818/2/|title=(page 2)|accessdate=3 January 2011|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5vTFvgtz3?url=http://www.gazettelive.co.uk/news/teesside-news/2010/11/05/millionaire-teesside-school-sponsor-wins-legal-battle-84229-27606818/2/|archivedate=3 January 2011|url-status=dead}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}


== External links == == External links ==
⚫ *
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* , an anti-Emmanuel, anti-creationist Schools campaign site
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* , another anti-Emmanuel Schools campaign site targeting Kings Academy primarily
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* ], ] ]
*{{ofsted|108420|Emmanuel College}} ] reports
*{{ofsted|135007|Trinity Academy}} Ofsted reports
*{{ofsted|134223|Kings Academy}} Ofsted reports

{{United Learning schools}}


{{authority control}}


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Latest revision as of 07:16, 18 November 2024

The Emmanuel Schools Foundation (ESF) is a charitable trust which has been involved in education since 1989.

ESF currently run six schools. The four original members of the ESF are: Emmanuel City Technology College in Gateshead (opened 1990), The King's Academy in Middlesbrough (2003), Trinity Academy in Thorne, Doncaster (2005) and Bede Academy in Blyth, Northumberland which opened in September 2009. In 2004, the Foundation's former chairman, Sir Peter Vardy, discussed an aim to sponsor seven schools in the North of England that would educate a total of 10,000 students. In April 2019, the ESF also formally adopted Joseph Swan Academy in Gateshead into the foundation. Most recently, the foundation adopted Christ's College Sunderland (formerly 'Grindon Hall Christian School') in Sunderland into ESF.

Many of its schools have been oversubscribed every year.

Although the Government allows academies to select 10% of pupils by ability, ESF Academies do not do so, being fully comprehensive schools for local children. They have a Christian ethos, but are not faith schools and welcome staff and students of all faiths and of none.

History

Establishment of Emmanuel College

In 1988, Sir Peter Vardy responded to the then Government’s appeal to local businessmen to become involved in the education of young people in the most socio-economically deprived parts of their home regions through sponsorship of the City Technology College initiative. The aim of the initiative was twofold:

  1. To engage business people who had been successful in turning around failing businesses in using their experience to help turn around failing schools, and
  2. To create beacons of academic excellence in inner-city areas which would be able to show other parents, teachers and students what was possible.

The first ESF school, Emmanuel City Technology College, was founded in 1990 as Tyneside’s City Technology College and opened with just 151 students in Year 7. John Burn (Headteacher of Long Benton) had been instrumental in persuading Peter Vardy to engage in the CTC programme. Originally specialising in Technology, the College was awarded a second specialism in Business and Enterprise (2005), allowing it to build upon its Beacon School and current Leading Edge Status through its extensive work in delivering specialist teaching programmes within Primary Schools.

Expansion

The foundation was formally established when The King's Academy was established in Coulby Newham, Middlesbrough in 2003, as one of the earliest schools built under New Labour's academies programme. Vardy pledged to eventually build seven academies.

The Foundation's approach was not universally welcomed, and in 2004 opponents blocked the Foundation's bid to take over Northcliffe School in Conisbrough, near Doncaster, which Ofsted had placed under special measures. Instead, it took over Thorne Grammar School and redeveloped the site to create Trinity Academy in 2005.

In September 2009 ESF also opened its fourth school, Bede Academy, which is its first covering the whole school age range of 3-18, with Nursery, Primary and Secondary provision across two sites in Blyth on the Northumberland coast. Specialising in Engineering and Enterprise, the school focuses on extending conventional perceptions of engineering by providing specialist insights into aspects of biotechnology, environmental science and recycling technologies, sound and computer network engineering, medical and animal science, and naval and automotive systems and design.

In September 2009 it was announced that David Wootton would join from the Grace Foundation to become ESF's first Chief Executive. In February 2010, the Foundation announced that Sir Peter Vardy was to step down as chairman, to be succeeded by his brother, David Vardy, who had previously been Project Director of the foundation, overseeing the building of the schools. The foundation celebrated its twentieth anniversary with a conference at The Sage Gateshead for the staff, including celebratory videos, musical entertainment from each of the schools, and keynote talks by author Gervaise Phinn and futurist Patrick Dixon, among others.

New oversight and developments

In October 2010 it was announced that Sir Peter Vardy was handing over management of the schools to the United Learning Trust. The ESF schools were never integrated into the ULT network, however, and were ultimately later established as a multi-academy trust (MAT).

In April 2019, ESF formally adopted Joseph Swan Academy in Gateshead, after its being rated inadequate in a 2018 Ofsted inspection, with Emmanuel College vice-principal Mark Hall taking over leadership of the school. Later in 2019, Christ's College Sunderland in Sunderland was also brought into the multi-academy trust, with Bede Academy's vice-principal Julie Roberts becoming its head.

Academic successes

Emmanuel College claims that its students, taught as part of a mixed, non-selective comprehensive school, perform significantly above all value-add measures and their academic results have placed the College amongst the highest ranked schools in England for the past ten years.

A 2009 report on The King's Academy by Ofsted referred to many improvements, with the school officially ranked as "good, with many outstanding features". Inspectors said the academy was exceptional when it came to boosting students' personal development and well-being, and offering them care, guidance and support.

Controversy

In 2002, a group of leading scientists including Richard Dawkins alleged that creationism was taught in biology classes at Emmanuel College. Steven Layfield, the College's Head of Science and a Young Earth creationism activist, had held a lecture urging teachers to promote creationism to pupils, parents, and colleagues, including in science classes. Layfield later resigned from the board of creationist body Truth in Science to state a separation between his private views and the school's teaching of science.

After reviewing the material used to teach science at Emmanuel College, Mike Tomlinson, chief inspector of Ofsted, decided that the matter did not need to be pursued further. The next Ofsted inspection in 2006 described the school as 'Outstanding' and found no problem with its science provision.

In 2005, John Harris in The Guardian accused Emmanuel Schools Foundation of promoting fundamentalist Christianity. In 2006, Rod Liddle interviewed ex-pupils for a Channel 4 Dispatches programme titled "The New Fundamentalists", alleging that their teachers had promoted creationism both in and out of class.

However, a later article by Martin Wainwright, writing in The Guardian in December 2006, said that associating ESF's schools with creationism "couldn't be more wrong."

Opponents of academies continued to refer to the original accusation. After Tribune magazine published such an article in 2009, Peter Vardy took legal action against the magazine and its editor, who apologised, withdrew the allegations, and made an undisclosed payment to a nominated charity.

References

  1. ^ "Emmanuel Schools Foundation". The Vardy Foundation. Archived from the original on 3 January 2011. Retrieved 3 January 2011.
  2. The lesson today, The Observer, 11 July 2004. Retrieved 22 April 2009
  3. ^ Blyth academy proves popular a year in advance, The Journal, Blyth, 12 November 2008. Retrieved 1 April 2010
  4. ^ They aren't faith schools and they don't select, The Guardian, 5 December 2006
  5. "History". Emmanuel Schools Foundation. Archived from the original on 7 October 2011. Retrieved 3 January 2011.
  6. Blow for Blair as campaign stops sponsored school, Daily Telegraph, 15 October 2004. Retrieved 1 April 2010
  7. Academy sponsor steps down, Gazette, 13 October 2010. Retrieved 20 October 2010.
  8. Emmanuel College Archived 26 July 2011 at the Wayback Machine on Emmanuel Schools Foundation website (retrieved 17 April 2009)
  9. Ofsted reports on The King's Academy
  10. King's Academy praised in Ofsted report, Teesside Evening Gazette, 4 March 2009
  11. "School attacked over evolution teaching". BBC. 14 March 2002. Retrieved 29 May 2008.
  12. Dawkins, Richard (2006). The God Delusion. pp. 331–337.
  13. Dawkins, Richard (18 March 2002). "Young Earth Creationists teach bad science and worse religion". The Telegraph. Telegraph Media Group Limited. Retrieved 9 October 2015.
  14. Paton, Graeme (6 October 2006). "Vardy link to drive on creationism". TES. TES Global Ltd. Retrieved 9 October 2015.
  15. Layfield, Steve. "2nd Creation Activists Conference 1998: Creation Science - Getting the Message into Schools". Amen.org.uk. R H Johnston. Retrieved 9 October 2015.
  16. Connor, Steve. "Website removes creationist lecture". The Independent. Independent Digital News and Media Ltd. Retrieved 9 October 2015.
  17. "The Bible versus science". The Guardian. Guardian News and Media Limited. Retrieved 9 October 2015.
  18. Jackson, Nick. "Does creationism have a place in the classroom?". The Independent. Independent Digital News and Media Ltd. Retrieved 9 October 2015.
  19. "Science teacher quits faith pressure group". The Journal. 21 November 2006. Retrieved 9 October 2015.
  20. "The Academies Programme". NAO. 23 February 2007. p. 35. Retrieved 20 October 2010.
  21. "Emmanuel College inspection report" (PDF). Ofsted. 2 May 2006. Retrieved 27 December 2016.
  22. What a creation... The Guardian, 15 January 2005
  23. "Interviews with Former Vardy Schools Students". British Centre for Science Education. Retrieved 27 May 2011.
  24. E.g. Britain: The business of education under Labour, World Socialist Web Site, 27 March 2010. Retrieved 9 April 2010
  25. "Millionaire Teesside school sponsor wins legal battle". Evening Gazette. 5 November 2010. Archived from the original on 3 January 2011. Retrieved 3 January 2011. "(page 2)". Archived from the original on 3 January 2011. Retrieved 3 January 2011.

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