Logorik language: Difference between revisions

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	{{Short description\|~~Eastern Sudanic~~ language spoken in Sudan}}		{{Short description\|Daju language spoken in Sudan}}
	{{Hatnote\|Not to be confused with ~~] or~~ ].}}		{{Hatnote\|Not to be confused with ].}}
	{{Infobox language		{{Infobox language
	\| name = Logorik		\| name = Logorik
	\| states = ]		\| states = ]
	\| region = ~~Eastern~~ ~~Sudan, Western Chad~~		\| region = ]
	\| ethnicity = ]		\| ethnicity = ]
	\| speakers = 2,000		\| speakers = 2,000
	\| date = 1971		\| date = 1971
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	\| familycolor = Nilo-Saharan		\| familycolor = Nilo-Saharan
	\| fam2 = ]		\| fam2 = ]
	\| fam3 = ]		\| fam3 = ]?
	\| fam4 = ]		\| fam4 = ]
	\| fam5 = ~~Eastern~~ ~~Dajuic~~		\| fam5 = ]
	\| dia1 = ~~Saburi~~		\| dia1 = Liguri
			\| dia2 = Saburi
			\| dia3 = Tallau
			\| script = ]
	\| map2 = Lang Status 20-CR.svg		\| map2 = Lang Status 20-CR.svg
	\| mapcaption2 = {{center\|Logorik is classified as Critically Endangered by the ] ]}}		\| mapcaption2 = {{center\|Logorik is classified as Critically Endangered by the ] '']''}}
	\| iso3 = liu		\| iso3 = liu
	\| glotto = logo1261		\| glotto = logo1261
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	}}		}}

	'''Logorik''', '''Subori''', or '''Saburi''' is a (critically) endangered<ref>{{Cite book \|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/610522460 \|title=Atlas of the world's languages in danger \|date=2010 \|publisher=Unesco \|others=Christopher Moseley, Alexandre Nicolas, Unesco, Unesco. Intangible Cultural Heritage Section \|isbn=978-92-3-104095-5 \|edition=3rd ed. entirely revised, enlarged and updated \|location=Paris \|oclc=610522460}}</ref><ref name=e23>Eberhard, David M.; Simons, Gary F.; Fenning, Charles D. (2020). ''Ethnoloɠue: Languages in Africa and Europe'' (23rd ed.). Dallas: SIL International Publications. p.279. {{ISBN\|978-1-55671-458-0}}.</ref> language spoken in Eastern Sudan and Western Chad.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book \|last=Manfredi \|first=Stefano \|title=Nuba Mountain Language Studies \|~~work~~=Arabic borrowings in Laggori (Eastern Daju) \|publisher=Rüdiger Köppe \|year=2013 \|location=Cologne \|pages=463–484}}</ref><ref name=":1">Thelwall, Robin. 1978. Lexicostatistical Relations between Nubian, Daju and Dinka. In Études nubiennes: Colloque de Chantilly, 2-6 juillet 1975, 265-286. Le Caire: Institut Français d'Archéologie Orientale du Caire.</ref>		'''Logorik''', '''Subori''', or '''Saburi''' is a (critically) endangered<ref>{{Cite book \|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/610522460 \|title=Atlas of the world's languages in danger \|date=2010 \|publisher=Unesco \|others=Christopher Moseley, Alexandre Nicolas, Unesco, Unesco. Intangible Cultural Heritage Section \|isbn=978-92-3-104095-5 \|edition=3rd ed. entirely revised, enlarged and updated \|location=Paris \|oclc=610522460}}</ref><ref name=e23>Eberhard, David M.; Simons, Gary F.; Fenning, Charles D. (2020). ''Ethnoloɠue: Languages in Africa and Europe'' (23rd ed.). Dallas: SIL International Publications. p.279. {{ISBN\|978-1-55671-458-0}}.</ref> language spoken in Eastern Sudan and Western Chad.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book \|last=Manfredi \|first=Stefano \|title=Nuba Mountain Language Studies \|chapter=Arabic borrowings in Laggori (Eastern Daju) \|publisher=Rüdiger Köppe \|year=2013 \|location=Cologne \|pages=463–484 \|chapter-url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/278033168_Arabic_borrowings_in_Laggori_Eastern_Daju}}</ref><ref name=":1">Thelwall, Robin. 1978. Lexicostatistical Relations between Nubian, Daju and Dinka. In Études nubiennes: Colloque de Chantilly, 2-6 juillet 1975, 265-286. Le Caire: Institut Français d'Archéologie Orientale du Caire.</ref>

	== General information ==		== General information ==
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	=== Vowels ===		=== Vowels ===
	{\| class="wikitable"		{\| class="wikitable" style=text-align:center
	\|+Logorik vowels<ref name=":0" />		\|+Logorik vowels<ref name=":0" />
	!		!
			!Front
	!
			!Central
	!
			!Back
	!
	\|-		\|-
			!High
	\|i
			\|{{IPAlink\|i}}
	\|
	\|u
	\|		\|
			\|{{IPAlink\|u}}
	\|-		\|-
			!Mid-High
	\|e
			\|{{IPAlink\|e}}
	\|
	\|o
	\|		\|
			\|{{IPAlink\|o}}
	\|-		\|-
			!Mid
	\|		\|
			\|{{IPAlink\|ə}}
	\|ə
	\|
	\|		\|
	\|-		\|-
			!Low
	\|		\|
			\|{{IPAlink\|a}}
	\|a
	\|
	\|		\|
	\|}		\|}

	=== Consonants ===		=== Consonants ===
	{\| class="wikitable"		{\| class="wikitable" style=text-align:center
	\|+Logorik consonants<ref name=":0" />		\|+Logorik consonants<ref name=":0" />
			!colspan=2\|
	!
			!Labial
	!
			!Alveolar
	!
			!Retroflex
	!
			!Palatal
	!
			!Velar
	!
			!Glottal
	!
			\|-
	!
			!rowspan=2\|Plosive/Affricate !! Voiceless
			\|{{IPAlink\|p}}
			\|{{IPAlink\|t}}
			\|({{IPAlink\|ʈ}})
			\|{{IPAlink\|ʧ}}
			\|{{IPAlink\|k}}
			\|({{IPAlink\|ʔ}})
	\|-		\|-
			!Voiced
	\|p, b
			\|{{IPAlink\|b}}
	\|t,d
			\|{{IPAlink\|d}}
			\|({{IPAlink\|ɖ}})
			\|{{IPA\|tʒ}}{{efn\|written {{IPA\|tʒ}} in Manfredi 2013<ref name=":0" />}}
			\|{{IPAlink\|g}}
	\|		\|
	\|
	\|(ɖ, ʈ)
	\|
	\|k,g
	\|(ʔ)
	\|-		\|-
			!colspan=2\|Implosive
	\|ɓ
			\|{{IPAlink\|ɓ}}
	\|ɗ
			\|{{IPAlink\|ɗ}}
	\|		\|
			\|{{IPAlink\|ʄ}}
	\|		\|
	\|		\|
	\|f		\|-
			!rowspan=2\|Fricative !! Voiceless
			\|({{IPAlink\|f}}){{efn\|{{IPA\|/f/}} is quite rare. It usually appears in loanwords and other borrowings.<ref name=":0" />}}
			\|{{IPAlink\|s}}
	\|		\|
	\|		\|
			\|{{IPAlink\|x}}
			\|{{IPAlink\|h}}
	\|-		\|-
			!Voiced
	\|		\|
			\|{{IPAlink\|z}}
	\|		\|
	\|		\|
	\|
	\|
	\|ʧ, tʒ
	\|		\|
	\|		\|
	\|-		\|-
			!colspan=2\|Nasal
			\|{{IPAlink\|m}}
			\|{{IPAlink\|n}}
	\|		\|
			\|{{IPAlink\|ɲ}}
			\|{{IPAlink\|ŋ}}
	\|		\|
	\|(f)*
	\|s, z
	\|
	\|
	\|x
	\|h
	\|-		\|-
			!colspan=2\|Rhotic
	\|m
	\|		\|
			\|{{IPAlink\|r}}
			\|({{IPAlink\|ɽ}})
	\|		\|
	\|n
	\|		\|
	\|ɲ
	\|ŋ
	\|		\|
	\|-		\|-
			!colspan=2\|Lateral
	\|		\|
			\|{{IPAlink\|l}}
	\|		\|
	\|
	\|r
	\|(ɽ)
	\|		\|
	\|		\|
	\|		\|
	\|-		\|-
			!colspan=2\|Approximant
	\|
			\|{{IPAlink\|w}}
	\|
	\|
	\|l
	\|
	\|
	\|
	\|
	\|-
	\|w
	\|
	\|
	\|		\|
	\|		\|
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	\|		\|
	\|}		\|}
			{{notelist}}
	<nowiki>*</nowiki>The labiodental "f" is quite rare and it usually appears in loanwords and other borrowings from foreign languages.<ref name=":0" />

	Also, it is worth mentioning, that the glottal stops, symbolized by (ʔ), are present in Logorik.<ref name=":0" />		Also, it is worth mentioning, that the glottal stops, symbolized by (ʔ), are present in Logorik.<ref name=":0" />

Latest revision as of 12:19, 28 December 2024

Daju language spoken in Sudan Not to be confused with Ligurian language (ancient).

Logorik
Laggori, Liguri, Logori, Subori
Native to	Sudan
Region	South Kordofan
Ethnicity	Logorik
Native speakers	(2,000 cited 1971)
Language family	Nilo-Saharan? Eastern Sudanic Southern Eastern? Daju Eastern Logorik
Dialects	Liguri Saburi Tallau
Writing system	Latin
Language codes
ISO 639-3	`liu`
Glottolog	`logo1261`
ELP	Logorik
Logorik is classified as Critically Endangered by the UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger

Logorik, Subori, or Saburi is a (critically) endangered language spoken in Eastern Sudan and Western Chad.

General information

It is a part of the Nilo-Saharan group and the subcategory of the Eastern Daju languages. It is spoken by the Subori people in the Nuba Mountains and South Kordofan.

Meinhof claims, that there are hardly any similarities between this language and other Kordofan languages vocabulary-wise. At the same time, the Logorik-speaking community is overwhelmingly bilingual; other dominating languages being, among others, Arabic, (due to the Arabic migration in the region). This causes a high percentage of loanwords and grammatical borrowings (mostly Arabic) in the Logorik language.

Phonetics

Vowels

Logorik vowels
	Front	Central	Back
High	i		u
Mid-High	e		o
Mid		ə
Low		a

Consonants

Logorik consonants
		Labial	Alveolar	Retroflex	Palatal	Velar	Glottal
Plosive/Affricate	Voiceless	p	t	(ʈ)	ʧ	k	(ʔ)
Plosive/Affricate	Voiced	b	d	(ɖ)	tʒ	g
Implosive		ɓ	ɗ		ʄ
Fricative	Voiceless	(f)	s			x	h
Fricative	Voiced		z
Nasal		m	n		ɲ	ŋ
Rhotic			r	(ɽ)
Lateral			l
Approximant		w

written tʒ in Manfredi 2013
/f/ is quite rare. It usually appears in loanwords and other borrowings.

Also, it is worth mentioning, that the glottal stops, symbolized by (ʔ), are present in Logorik.

Tonality

Logorik is a tonal language, meaning there are high tones and falling tones. When it comes to tones, the tone of a preceding syllable must be different from the one coming after it.

Grammar

Genus

There is no feminine genus in the Logorik language morphology-wise. There are however six other classes and their plural form depends on the final position of the singular form.

Nouns

A plural form of a noun is created by adding an appropriate suffix.

Verbs

There are only perfective and imperfective conjugations documented. Prefixes and suffixes play a very important role in signaling the context/tense, e.g. future tense is shown by the prefix and háŋ-; habitual activities by a suffix -cà.

References

Logorik at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
Atlas of the world's languages in danger. Christopher Moseley, Alexandre Nicolas, Unesco, Unesco. Intangible Cultural Heritage Section (3rd ed. entirely revised, enlarged and updated ed.). Paris: Unesco. 2010. ISBN 978-92-3-104095-5. OCLC 610522460.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: others (link)
Eberhard, David M.; Simons, Gary F.; Fenning, Charles D. (2020). Ethnoloɠue: Languages in Africa and Europe (23rd ed.). Dallas: SIL International Publications. p.279. ISBN 978-1-55671-458-0.
^ Manfredi, Stefano (2013). "Arabic borrowings in Laggori (Eastern Daju)". Nuba Mountain Language Studies. Cologne: Rüdiger Köppe. pp. 463–484.
^ Thelwall, Robin. 1978. Lexicostatistical Relations between Nubian, Daju and Dinka. In Études nubiennes: Colloque de Chantilly, 2-6 juillet 1975, 265-286. Le Caire: Institut Français d'Archéologie Orientale du Caire.
Meinhof, Carl (1965) . "Saburi". Zeitschrift für Kolonialsprachen. 7/9: 48–49.

External links

Subori basic lexicon at the Global Lexicostatistical Database

Eastern Sudanic languages

Part of the proposed Nilo-Saharan language family

Northern k languages

Nubian

Birgid Dongolawi Kenzi Midob Nobiin Old Nubian
Hill Nubian	Dair Dilling El Hugeirat Ghulfan Haraza Kadaru Karko Wali

Nara

Nara

North	Majang
Southeast	Kwegu Meʼen Mursi Suri
Southwest	Baale Didinga Murle Laarim Tennet

Eastern Jebel

Temein

Daju

Eastern	Logorik Shatt
Western	Beigo Daju Mongo Nyolge Nyala Sila

Nilotic

Large group listed below

Nilotic languages

Eastern

Bari	Bari Kuku Mandari
Teso–Turkana	Karamojong Teso Toposa Turkana Nyangatom
Lotuko	Dongotono Lango (South Sudan) Lokoya Lopit Otuho
Ongamo–Maa	Maasai Ngasa Samburu Camus

Western

Dinka–Nuer

Luo

Northern	Anuak Belanda Bor Jur Päri Shilluk Thuri
Southern	Southern Luo Acholi Adhola Alur Dholuo Kumam Lango (Uganda)

Burun

Southern

Kalenjin

Elgon	Kupsabiny Sabaot
Nandi–Markweta	Keiyo Kipsigis Markwet Naandi Terik Tugen
Okiek–Mosiro	Ogiek
Pökoot	Pökoot

Omotik–Datooga

Italics indicate extinct languages

This Nilo-Saharan languages–related article is a stub. You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it.

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