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'''Artificially Expanded Genetic Information System''' ('''AEGIS''') is a ] experiment that uses some ] from the laboratories of the ] in ]. AEGIS is a ]-funded project to try to understand how ] may have developed.<ref name=Lloyd2009>{{cite news|last1=Lloyd|first1=Robin|title=New Artificial DNA Points to Alien Life|url=http://www.livescience.com/3332-artificial-dna-points-alien-life.html|accessdate=5 July 2016|work=LiveScience|date=February 14, 2009}}</ref> '''Artificially Expanded Genetic Information System''' ('''AEGIS''') is a ] experiment that uses some ] from the laboratories of the ] in ]. AEGIS is a ]-funded project to try to understand how ] may have developed.<ref name=Lloyd2009>{{cite news|last1=Lloyd|first1=Robin|title=New Artificial DNA Points to Alien Life|url=http://www.livescience.com/3332-artificial-dna-points-alien-life.html|accessdate=5 July 2016|work=LiveScience|date=February 14, 2009}}</ref>


The system uses twelve different ]s in its ]. These include the four canonical nucleobases found in ] (], ], ] and ]) plus eight ] (], ], ], ], V, J, ], and X).<ref name=Lloyd2009/><ref name=Yang2006>{{cite journal|last1=Yang|first1=Z.|last2=Hutter|first2=D.|last3=Sheng|first3=P.|last4=Sismour|first4=A. M.|last5=Benner|first5=S. A.|title=Artificially expanded genetic information system: a new base pair with an alternative hydrogen bonding pattern|journal=Nucleic Acids Research|date=29 October 2006|volume=34|issue=21|pages=6095–6101|doi=10.1093/nar/gkl633|url= |pmid=17074747|pmc=1635279}}</ref><ref name=Hutter2003>{{cite journal|last1=Benner|first1=SA|last2=Hutter|first2=D|last3=Sismour|first3=AM|title=Synthetic biology with artificially expanded genetic information systems. From personalized medicine to extraterrestrial life.|journal=Nucleic Acids Research. Supplement |volume=3|date=1 September 2003|issue=3|pages=125–6|pmid=14510412|doi=10.1093/nass/3.1.125}}</ref><ref name=Benner2010>{{cite journal|last1=Benner|first1=Steven A.|title=Defining Life|journal=Astrobiology|date=December 2010|volume=10|issue=10|pages=1021–1030|doi=10.1089/ast.2010.0524|bibcode=2010AsBio..10.1021B|pmc=3005285|pmid=21162682}}</ref><ref name=Klotz2009>{{cite news|last1=Klotz|first1=Irene|title=Synthetic life form grows in Florida lab|url=http://www.nbcnews.com/id/29430688/|accessdate=5 July 2016|work=Science|date=February 27, 2009}}</ref> AEGIS includes S:B, Z:P, V:J and K:X base pairs.<ref name=Bradley2014>{{Cite journal |pmc = 4142867|year = 2014|last1 = Bradley|first1 = K. M.|title = OligArch: A software tool to allow artificially expanded genetic information systems (AEGIS) to guide the autonomous self-assembly of long DNA constructs from multiple DNA single strands|journal = Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry|volume = 10|pages = 1826–1833|last2 = Benner|first2 = S. A.|pmid = 25161743|doi = 10.3762/bjoc.10.192}}</ref><ref name=Jena2023>{{cite journal|title=Structure and stability of different triplets involving artificial nucleobases: clues for the formation of semisynthetic triple helical DNA|journal=]|volume=13|issue=|pages=19246|year=2023|url=https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-023-46572-4|pmid=|pmc=10630353|doi=10.1038/s41598-023-46572-4|jstor= |last1=Jena |first1=N. R. |last2=Shukla |first2=P. K. |bibcode=2023NatSR..1319246J }}</ref> The system uses twelve different ]s in its ]. These include the four canonical nucleobases found in ] (], ], ] and ]) plus eight ] (], ], ], ], V, J, ], and X).<ref name=Lloyd2009/><ref name=Yang2006>{{cite journal|last1=Yang|first1=Z.|last2=Hutter|first2=D.|last3=Sheng|first3=P.|last4=Sismour|first4=A. M.|last5=Benner|first5=S. A.|title=Artificially expanded genetic information system: a new base pair with an alternative hydrogen bonding pattern|journal=Nucleic Acids Research|date=29 October 2006|volume=34|issue=21|pages=6095–6101|doi=10.1093/nar/gkl633|url= |pmid=17074747|pmc=1635279}}</ref><ref name=Hutter2003>{{cite journal|last1=Benner|first1=SA|last2=Hutter|first2=D|last3=Sismour|first3=AM|title=Synthetic biology with artificially expanded genetic information systems. From personalized medicine to extraterrestrial life.|journal=Nucleic Acids Research. Supplement |volume=3|date=1 September 2003|issue=3|pages=125–6|pmid=14510412|doi=10.1093/nass/3.1.125}}</ref><ref name=Benner2010>{{cite journal|last1=Benner|first1=Steven A.|title=Defining Life|journal=Astrobiology|date=December 2010|volume=10|issue=10|pages=1021–1030|doi=10.1089/ast.2010.0524|bibcode=2010AsBio..10.1021B|pmc=3005285|pmid=21162682}}</ref><ref name=Klotz2009>{{cite news|last1=Klotz|first1=Irene|title=Synthetic life form grows in Florida lab|url=http://www.nbcnews.com/id/29430688/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160113234920/http://www.nbcnews.com/id/29430688/|url-status=dead|archive-date=January 13, 2016|accessdate=5 July 2016|work=Science|date=February 27, 2009}}</ref> AEGIS includes S:B, Z:P, V:J and K:X base pairs.<ref name=Bradley2014>{{Cite journal |pmc = 4142867|year = 2014|last1 = Bradley|first1 = K. M.|title = OligArch: A software tool to allow artificially expanded genetic information systems (AEGIS) to guide the autonomous self-assembly of long DNA constructs from multiple DNA single strands|journal = Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry|volume = 10|pages = 1826–1833|last2 = Benner|first2 = S. A.|pmid = 25161743|doi = 10.3762/bjoc.10.192}}</ref><ref name=Jena2023>{{cite journal|title=Structure and stability of different triplets involving artificial nucleobases: clues for the formation of semisynthetic triple helical DNA|journal=]|volume=13|issue=|pages=19246|year=2023|url=https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-023-46572-4|pmid=|pmc=10630353|doi=10.1038/s41598-023-46572-4|jstor= |last1=Jena |first1=N. R. |last2=Shukla |first2=P. K. |bibcode=2023NatSR..1319246J }}</ref>


==See also== ==See also==

Latest revision as of 16:39, 3 August 2024

Synthetic DNA analog experiment

Artificially Expanded Genetic Information System (AEGIS) is a synthetic DNA analog experiment that uses some unnatural base pairs from the laboratories of the Foundation for Applied Molecular Evolution in Gainesville, Florida. AEGIS is a NASA-funded project to try to understand how extraterrestrial life may have developed.

The system uses twelve different nucleobases in its genetic code. These include the four canonical nucleobases found in DNA (adenine, cytosine, guanine and thymine) plus eight synthetic nucleobases (S, B, Z, P, V, J, K, and X). AEGIS includes S:B, Z:P, V:J and K:X base pairs.

See also

References

  1. ^ Lloyd, Robin (February 14, 2009). "New Artificial DNA Points to Alien Life". LiveScience. Retrieved 5 July 2016.
  2. Yang, Z.; Hutter, D.; Sheng, P.; Sismour, A. M.; Benner, S. A. (29 October 2006). "Artificially expanded genetic information system: a new base pair with an alternative hydrogen bonding pattern". Nucleic Acids Research. 34 (21): 6095–6101. doi:10.1093/nar/gkl633. PMC 1635279. PMID 17074747.
  3. Benner, SA; Hutter, D; Sismour, AM (1 September 2003). "Synthetic biology with artificially expanded genetic information systems. From personalized medicine to extraterrestrial life". Nucleic Acids Research. Supplement. 3 (3): 125–6. doi:10.1093/nass/3.1.125. PMID 14510412.
  4. Benner, Steven A. (December 2010). "Defining Life". Astrobiology. 10 (10): 1021–1030. Bibcode:2010AsBio..10.1021B. doi:10.1089/ast.2010.0524. PMC 3005285. PMID 21162682.
  5. Klotz, Irene (February 27, 2009). "Synthetic life form grows in Florida lab". Science. Archived from the original on January 13, 2016. Retrieved 5 July 2016.
  6. Bradley, K. M.; Benner, S. A. (2014). "OligArch: A software tool to allow artificially expanded genetic information systems (AEGIS) to guide the autonomous self-assembly of long DNA constructs from multiple DNA single strands". Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry. 10: 1826–1833. doi:10.3762/bjoc.10.192. PMC 4142867. PMID 25161743.
  7. Jena, N. R.; Shukla, P. K. (2023). "Structure and stability of different triplets involving artificial nucleobases: clues for the formation of semisynthetic triple helical DNA". Scientific Reports. 13: 19246. Bibcode:2023NatSR..1319246J. doi:10.1038/s41598-023-46572-4. PMC 10630353.


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