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{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2024}}
{{Bosnia and Herzegovina municipalities|
{{Infobox settlement <!--more fields are available for this Infobox--See Template:Infobox Settlement-->
native_name = Ilidža<br />Илиџа|
image_coat_of_arms = Ilidža.JPG| | name = Ilidža
| native_name = Илиџа
image_coat_of_arms_size = 100px|
| official_name =
Coat_of_arms_legend = ]|
| image_skyline = {{multiple image
image_map = Ilidza Municipality Location.png|
| border = infobox
municipality president = ] (])||
| perrow = 1/2/1
area = |
| total_width = 235
population = 47,654|
| align = center
date-population =|
| caption_align = center
density = |
| image1 = Ilidza Park-Banjska 2010-07-05 (2).jpg
date-density = |
| caption1 = Banjski Park
latd = |
| image2 = Ilidža Rimski most 1.jpg
latm= |
| caption2 = ]
longd= |
| image3 = Bridge on Vrelo Bosne.jpg
longm= |
| caption3 = ]
code = +387 33|
| image4 = Ilidza Tram-212 Line-3 2013-10-22.jpg
subdivisions = |
| caption4 = ] in the town center
site = http://www.opcinailidza.ba|
}} }}
| settlement_type = ] and ]
'''Ilidža''' (]: ''Илиџа'') is a city in central ]. It has a metro population of 157,654, making it the 7th largest city in the country. It is the seat of government for Ilidža Municipality, and is the chief ] of ]. Ilidža is famous for the natural beauty of its surroundings and historical tradition dating back to ] times. ] is located nearby, as is the famous ] spring.
| subdivision_type = ]

| subdivision_name = {{BIH}}
"One of the prettiest places on the Earth ", as E.B.Lanin wrote in ] in ] in ].
| subdivision_type1 = ]
| subdivision_name1 = ]
| subdivision_type2 = ]
| subdivision_name2 = {{flag|Sarajevo Canton}}
| subdivision_type3 = ]:{{bulleted list|] |] |] |]}}
| image_shield = Ilidža Seal.png
| image_map = BiH municipality location Ilidža.svg
| map_caption = Location of Ilidža within Bosnia and Herzegovina.
| timezone_DST = ]
| timezone = ]
| utc_offset = +1
| utc_offset_DST = +2
| leader_title = Municipal&nbsp;mayor
| leader_name = Nermin Muzur
| leader_party = ]
| area_total_km2 = 143.4
| population_total = 66730
| population_footnotes =
| population_urban = 63528
| population_as_of = 2013
| population_density_km2 = auto
| coordinates = {{coord|43|49|N|18|18|E|region:BA|display=it}}
| area_code = +387 33
| website = {{URL|www.opcinailidza.ba}}
}}
'''Ilidža''' ({{lang-cyrl|Илиџа}}, {{IPA|sh|i.lǐ.dʒa|pron}}) is a ] and a municipality located in ] of the ], an entity of ]. It has a total population of 66,730 with 63,528 in Ilidža itself, and is a chief ] of ] and ''de facto'' its neighborhood. It is best known for the ] spring, as well as the natural environment of its surroundings and historical tradition dating back to ] times.{{citation needed|date=September 2022}} ] is located nearby.


==Geography== ==Geography==
] spring]]


Ilidža is known to have a pleasant and attractive geography. The town itself is built on fairly level ground, although it is surrounded by mountains. The biggest is Mount ], whose {{convert|1502|m|ft|0|abbr=on}} peak towers above the town. On the mountain grows the "Golden Lily" ('']''), a branch of the ] of flowers that is a ]. The area is rich in ], especially in the ] neighborhood.


The ] river, a tributary of the ], passes through the town's center. The Bosna itself passes through Ilidža's outskirts. Its spring, ], is found a few kilometers to the west of the town centre and is a ]. A number of smaller streams also pass through the town's area.
]]]


A number of horticulture projects have been undertaken in the history of Ilidža. The town is today very rich in trees. The total area of the town's parks is about 50% of that of ], which has six times its population. In 1894, an article in a ] newspaper called Ilidža "One of the most beautiful places in the world".{{citation needed|date=May 2021}}
Ilidža is known to have a pleasant and attractive geography. The city itself is built on fairly level ground, although it is surrounded by mountains. The biggest and most famous is mount ], whose 1502 ] peak towers above the city. On the mountain grows the ''Lillium Bosniacum'', a branch of the ] of flowers that is a historical symbol of Bosnia. The area is rich in ] especially in the ] neighborhood.


===Climate===
The Željeznica river, a tributary of the ], passes through the center of the city. The ] itself passes through Ilidžas outskirts. Its spring, ], is found a few kilometers to the west of city center and is a popular ]. A number of smaller streams also pass through the city's area.
Climate in this area has mild differences between highs and lows, and there is adequate rainfall year-round. The ] subtype for this climate is "]" (Marine West Coast Climate/]).<ref></ref>

{{Weather box
A number of horticulture projects have been undertaken in the history of Ilidža. The city is today very rich in trees. The total area of the city's parks is about 50% of that of Sarajevo, which has six times its population. In ], an article in a ] newspaper called Ilidža "One of the most beautiful places in the world".
|location = Ilidža
|single line = Yes
|metric first = Yes
|Jan high F = 35
|Feb high F = 41
|Mar high F = 50
|Apr high F = 59
|May high F = 68
|Jun high F = 73
|Jul high F = 78
|Aug high F = 78
|Sep high F = 73
|Oct high F = 60
|Nov high F = 46
|Dec high F = 37
|year high F = 57
|Jan low F = 23
|Feb low F = 26
|Mar low F = 32
|Apr low F = 37
|May low F = 44
|Jun low F = 50
|Jul low F = 51
|Aug low F = 51
|Sep low F = 46
|Oct low F = 41
|Nov low F = 32
|Dec low F = 26
|year low F = 37
|Jan precipitation inch = 2.6
|Feb precipitation inch = 2.4
|Mar precipitation inch = 2.8
|Apr precipitation inch = 2.6
|May precipitation inch = 3.2
|Jun precipitation inch = 3.4
|Jul precipitation inch = 2.7
|Aug precipitation inch = 2.7
|Sep precipitation inch = 2.9
|Oct precipitation inch = 3.6
|Nov precipitation inch = 3.3
|Dec precipitation inch = 3.1
|year precipitation inch = 35.3
|source 1 = Weatherbase <ref name=Weatherbase>
{{cite web
|url =http://www.weatherbase.com/weather/weather.php3?s=133531&cityname=Ilidza-
|publisher=Weatherbase
|title=Weatherbase.com
|year=2013
}}
Retrieved on July 13, 2013.
</ref>
|date=July 2013
}}


==History== ==History==
], Ilidža]]


Ilidža is one of the longest continuously inhabited regions in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Since the 19th century, numerous ] finds have been made in the ] neighborhood, dating from ] times. The so called ''Butmir culture'', is one of the best documented Neolithic cultures in ] of the ] and ] centuries BC. Ilidža is one of the longest continuously inhabited regions in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Since the 19th century, numerous ] finds have been made in the ] area, dating from ] times. The so-called ], is one of the best documented Neolithic cultures in Europe of the ] and ] centuries BC.<ref name="prehistoric settlement in Butmir">{{cite web |title=prehistoric settlement in Butmir |author=kons.gov.ba |date=25 March 2012 |url=http://www.kons.gov.ba/main.php?id_struct=50&lang=4&action=view&id=2500 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006123811/http://www.kons.gov.ba/main.php?id_struct=50&lang=4&action=view&id=2500 |archive-date=6 October 2014 }}</ref>


During ] times, the Ilidža area was the location of the town ]. This was a Roman colony, and the main settlement in all of Bosnia and Herzegovina at the time. Today numerous traces of Roman civilization have been found, such as ]s, ]s, ], ]s, and even structural remains. During ] times, the Ilidža area was the location of the town known as Aquae Sulphurae. This was a Roman colony, and the largest settlement in the whole of Bosnia and Herzegovina at the time. Today numerous traces of ] have been found, such as ]s, ]s, ], ]s, and even structural remains.


During medieval times, the Ilidža area was part of the Bosnian province of ''Vrhbosna''. ''Katera'', one of the two original Bosnian towns mentioned by ] in ], was found on the ground of today's Ilidža municipality. The disciples of ] and ] considered the area important enough to stop by Vrelo Bosne and build a church in the area. During the ] period, the Ilidža area was part of the ] province of '']''. ''Katera'', one of the two original Bosnian towns mentioned by ] in '']'', was found on the ground of today's Ilidža municipality. The disciples of ] considered the area important enough to stop at ] and build a ] in the area.


The modern town of Ilidža as we know it was founded during the ] rule of Bosnia. Its name derives from the ] word ''Ilıca'', meaning "warm thermal springs". (] is also the name of a district of ], a southeast city of ].) Numerous elements of Turkish culture found their way into Ilidža, such as a number of oriental homes from the ] and ] centuries that have survived to this day. Numerous mosques and bridges were also built at this time. The modern town of Ilidža as we know it was founded during the ] rule of Bosnia. Its name derives from the ] word ''Ilıca'', meaning "warm thermal springs". (] is also the name of a district of ], a southeast city of Turkey. There are also Ilıca-named municipalities in the following provinces of Turkey: Samsun,
Kahramanmaraş, Antalya, Malatya, Ordu.) Numerous elements of ] found their way into Ilidža, such as a number of ]al homes from the 15th and 16th centuries that have survived to this day. Numerous mosques and bridges were also built at this time.


Ilidža, like the rest of Bosnia, experienced industrialization and westernization with the coming of ]. A railroad station and tracks, hotels, and various other structures made Ilidža the most important town after Sarajevo in the region. This continued into the ] as Ilidža continued to grow and develop. Ilidža, like the rest of Bosnia and Herzegovina, experienced ] and ] with the coming of ]. A ] and ], hotels, and various other structures made Ilidža the most important town after ] in the region. This continued into the 1900s as Ilidža continued to grow and develop.


Before 1990, Ilidža was populated mainly by the Bosnian Muslims 43% and Serbs 37%. When war started in 1992 until the 1995 Dayton Peace Accord municipality was divided to Bosnian Muslims (Hrasnica, Sokolovic Kolonija, Butmir) and Serb (Ilidza, Kotorac, Vojokovici, Grlica) part. When, under the terms of the Accord, Ilidža was placed within the territory of the Bosnian Federation, the vast majority of Serbs fled the city to live in the Republika Srpska, destroying some buildings as they did so. Some of those who remained were harassed and otherwise intimidated by an influx of Bosniacs (Muslims), many of whom had lost their homes in Sarajevo or been evicted from Serb-held territory elsewhere. From 1996, Ilidža was home to the headquarters of the NATO peacepeeping force IFOR (later SFOR and EUFOR) before its move to nearby Butmir. Today Ilidža remains a bustling, largely Bosniac-dominated town. Vojkovici and Grlica formed Eastern Ilidza Municipality which is dominated by Serbs. Before 1990, Ilidža was populated mainly by ] 47,21% and ] 31,58%. When the ] started in 1992, until the 1995 ], the municipality was divided between Bosnian Muslims (Hrasnica, Sokolović Kolonija, Butmir) and Serb (Ilidža, ], ], Grlica) parts. When, under the terms of the Dayton Agreement, Ilidža was placed within the territory of the ], the vast majority of Serbs fled the town to live in ], destroying some buildings as they did so.<ref>{{cite web|title=Fires burn unchecked in Sarajevo|url=http://articles.cnn.com/1996-03-09/world/Bosnia_updates_9603_09_1_ilidza-sarajevo-suburb-hrasnica?_s=PM:WORLD|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130215190319/http://articles.cnn.com/1996-03-09/world/Bosnia_updates_9603_09_1_ilidza-sarajevo-suburb-hrasnica?_s=PM:WORLD|url-status=dead|archive-date=15 February 2013|publisher=CNN|access-date=24 January 2013|date=9 March 1996}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=More BosnianSerbs leave Sarajevo suburbs|url=http://articles.cnn.com/1996-02-18/world/9602_18_ifor_1_bosnian-serb-army-ifor-troops-hadzici?_s=PM:WORLD|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130215174624/http://articles.cnn.com/1996-02-18/world/9602_18_ifor_1_bosnian-serb-army-ifor-troops-hadzici?_s=PM:WORLD|url-status=dead|archive-date=15 February 2013|publisher=CNN|access-date=24 January 2013|date=18 February 1996}}</ref> In the process, ] and ] observers reported about violence between those Serbs who decided to leave and ones who wanted to stay, as those who were leaving looted and set on fire not just their but also houses and property of those who were staying as well.<ref>{{cite web|title=Plenty of blame going around for ravaged Bosnia suburb|url=http://articles.cnn.com/1996-03-11/world/Bosnia_updates_9603_11_1_ilidza-ifor-serb-mayor?_s=PM:WORLD|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130215175258/http://articles.cnn.com/1996-03-11/world/Bosnia_updates_9603_11_1_ilidza-ifor-serb-mayor?_s=PM:WORLD|url-status=dead|archive-date=15 February 2013|publisher=CNN|access-date=24 January 2013|date=11 March 1996}}</ref> From 1996, Ilidža was home to the headquarters of the NATO peacekeeping force ] (later ] and ]) before its move to nearby Butmir in the year 2000. During this period, the hotels Terme, Srbija (]), Bosna (Bosnia) and Jadran were barricaded and the area was used as NATO HQ. Today Ilidža remains a bustling, largely ]-dominated town. Vojkovići and Grlica formed ] Municipality which is dominated by Serbs.

] (looking upstream) in Ilidža near ]]]


==Demographics== ==Demographics==
According to the ], the municipality had a population of 66,730 inhabitants, with 63,528 in Ilidža itself.<ref>{{Cite web|title=B&H 2013 census, Ilidža Municipality|url=http://www.statistika.ba/?show=12&id=11550#link1|access-date=August 26, 2020}}</ref>


===Settlements===
The Ilidža Municipality consists of the core of the city of Ilidža, as well as the outlying small neighborhoods (by size Hrasnica, Sokolovic Kolonija, Butmir, Kotorac), which although somewhat separated from the city center are still considered part of the city.
The municipality consists of the following settlements with their respective populations:
*] – 85
*] – 9
*] – 411
*] – 349
*] – 13
*] – 1,836
*] – 377
*'''Sarajevo Dio - Ilidža''' – 63,528
*] – 7
*] – 3
*] – 108
*] – 4


===Ethnic composition===
According to ] statistics, the municipality of Ilidža has a total population of 47,654. According to Ilidža Municipality statistics, the population is slightly smaller, at about 44,454. Either way it is safe to assume that Ilidža has a population of about 46,000, give or take 1,500. Since the Sarajevo Canton statistics are far more detailed, and perhaps more recent, Misplaced Pages will take the 47,654 number as the official population.
{| class="wikitable sortable"
!Ethnicity
!Population
(2013 census)
!Population
(1991 census)
!Population
(1971 census)
|-
|'''Total'''
|66,730 (100%)
|67,937 (100%)
|39,452 (100%)
|-
|]
|58,120 (87.1%)
|29,337 (43.2%)
|12,462 (31.58%)
|-
|]
|3,030 (4.5%)
|2 (0.4%)
|6,446 (16.33%)
|-
|]
|1,600 (2.4%)
|25,029 (36.8%)
|18,627 (47.21%)
|-
|]
|0 (0%)
|5,181 (7.6%)
|954 (2.41%)
|-
|Others
|3,980 (6%)
|1,456 (2.1%)
|963 (2.47%)
|}


==Government==
Of these 47,654 residents, 38,695 are ] (81.2%), 5,806 are ] (12.2%), 3,010 are ] (6.3%), and 143 people are identified as "others" (0.3%). Ilidža population accounts for a little under 12% of the population of Sarajevo Canton, and 2.1% of the ].
]]]


Although a fully incorporated ] of ], Ilidža is its own ] and thus has its own municipal government.
Ilidžas population density is 332.3 inhabitants per ], which is incredibly low compared to the city of Sarajevo where the population density is 2470.1 inhabitants per ]. This is largely due to the layout of Ilidža, described in the first paragraph above. Ilidžas population growth rate is 3.19%. If this rate continues, Ilidža should surpass the 100,000 mark in less than 25 years.


The current political parties are represented in the Municipal Assembly:<ref>{{cite web|title=Ilidža Municipality - Assembly members|url=https://www.opcinailidza.ba/council/vijece#tab_vijecnici|access-date=2024-10-24}}</ref>
According to the ] ] of ], Ilidža had a pre-war population of 67,197. Of these, 28,836 were ] (43%), 24,982 were Serbs (37.2%), 6,901 were Croats (10.2%), and 5,126 identified themselves as ] (7.6%), and 1,352 were classified as others (2%).


*] – 11 members
==Government==
*] – 10 members
*] – 4 members
*] – 3 members
*] – 2 members
*] – 1 member


The current municipal mayor is Nermin Muzur, elected in the ] and serving since 23 December 2020.<ref>{{cite web|date=24 October 2024|title=Ilidža Municipality - Mayor|url=https://www.opcinailidza.ba/nacelnik|access-date=23 December 2020|language=bs}}</ref>
Ilidža is widely considered a unique city, but is also thought of as an almost fully incorporated ] of Sarajevo. As far as its own government goes, cities in Bosnia and Herzegovina typically do not have a normal "city government". Instead, the ] (Such as Ilidža Municipality) are based on major settlements and their surroundings. Thus the Ilidža Municipality government is the de facto government of Ilidža.

The current mayor of Ilidža is Amer Ćenanović. Through the municipality government, Ilidža also has its own legislative bodies.


==Economy== ==Economy==
Prior to the ], Ilidža municipality was one of the five wealthiest in Bosnia and Herzegovina, and one of the ten wealthiest in the whole of ]. The war had a devastating effect on the town's economy, but today it has returned to its pre-war wealth. Several important local companies are based in Ilidža. The town's economy is based on food processing, ], and ].<ref name="Jedna od najrazvijenijih općina">{{cite web |title=Jedna od najrazvijenijih općina |author=opcinailidza.ba | date = 25 March 2012|language=bs| url = http://www.opcinailidza.ba/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=9&Itemid=3}}</ref>


==Tourism==
Prior to the war, Ilidža municipality was one of the five strongest in Bosnia and Herzegovina, and one of the ten strongest in the whole of Yugoslavia. The war had a devastating effect on the city's economy, but today it is slowly starting to recover. Several important local companies are based in Ilidža. The city's economy is based on food processing, ], and ].
] is located just a few kilometers from the town. The region's natural environment and historical sites are draws for tourists.<ref name="sarajevotimes.com" />


===Banja Ilidža spa and hotel complex===
One of the most important parts of Ilidža economy is its tourism. The natural beauty of the area is used to the city's advantage, attracting many ] from both abroad and as near as neighboring Sarajevo. There are plans for future development to enhance tourism, including hotels and a cable railway line to Mt. Igman.
Ilidža with its historic ] ] consisting of ] and the village of Aquae Sulphurae, the 19th century hotel complex from ], and a modern bath and ] hotel, ], is a ].<ref name="gdjenaodmor.com">{{cite web |title=Zdravstvena Ustanova Lječilište Banja Terme Ilidža |url=https://gdjenaodmor.com/more/361-zdravstvena-ustanova-ljeciliste-banja-terme-ilidza |website=gdjenaodmor.com |access-date=21 November 2023}}</ref><ref name="faktor.ba">{{cite web |title=Iskoristite tople jesenje dane kako biste ojačali svoj organizam |url=https://faktor.ba/vijest/iskoristite-tople-jesenje-dane-kako-biste-ojacali-svoj-organizam/100373 |website=www.faktor.ba |access-date=21 November 2023 |language=bs-BA}}</ref> This, along with a rich ], makes tourism the most important parts of Ilidža's economy. The natural environment of the area is used to the town's advantage, attracting ] from both abroad and from neighboring ].<ref name="sarajevotimes.com" /> There are plans for future development to enhance tourism, including hotels and a ] line to mount ] as a destination for ] and ].<ref name="sarajevotimes.com-cable-cars">{{cite web |title=The Plan is to build three cable Cars in the Canton Sarajevo |url=https://sarajevotimes.com/the-plan-is-to-build-three-cable-cars-in-the-canton-sarajevo/ |website=Sarajevo Times |access-date=21 November 2023 |date=27 April 2023}}</ref><ref name="ekapija.com">{{cite web |title=Feasibility study initiative for construction of two cable cars in Sarajevo Canton – Ilidza Municipality hires Swiss company |url=https://www.ekapija.com/en/news/2458012/feasibility-study-initiative-for-construction-of-two-cable-cars-in-sarajevo-canton |website=www.ekapija.com |access-date=21 November 2023 |language=en}}</ref><ref name="fipa.gov.ba">{{cite web |title=BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA INVESTMENT OPPORTUNITIES |url=http://www.fipa.gov.ba/publikacije_materijali/brosure/INVESTMENT%20OPPORTUNITIES%2028.07.2020.pdf |website=fipa.gov.ba |publisher=Foreign Investment Promotion Agency of Bosnia and Herzegovina |access-date=21 November 2023 |page=42}}</ref>


<gallery mode="packed" heights="175px" caption="Austro-Hungarian architecture (1867–1918)">
==Tourism==
Hotel Bosna, Ilidža (2010).JPG|Hotel Bosna
Hotel Hercegovina, Ilidža (2010).JPG|Hotel Hercegovina
Hotel Austria, Ilidža (2010).JPG|Hotel Austria
Hotel Hungaria, Ilidža (2010).JPG|Hotel Crystal (previously called Hotel Hungaria)
</gallery>


===Vrelo Bosne===
Ilidža has many advantages as far as tourism is concerned. ] is located just a few kilometers from the city. The regions natural beauty is quite a draw to tourists as well. ] mountain is a popular destination for ] and ], and ] is one of the country's most popular parks. Hotel Ilidža in the city can accommodate a number of guests, and if there is no room tourists can simply find a room in one of Sarajevo's hotels and make the short trip to Ilidža. Historical sites are also key in Ilidža tourism. The ''Rimski Most'' ("Roman Bridge") over the Bosna river was built in the ] using actual Roman stones. The nearby restaurant is one of many popular eating spots in the city.
] is one of the country's most popular protected areas.<ref name="sarajevotimes.com">{{cite web |title=Record Number of Visitors at Vrelo Bosne Touristic Site |url=https://sarajevotimes.com/record-number-of-visitors-at-vrelo-bosne-touristic-site/ |website=Sarajevo Times |access-date=21 November 2023 |date=17 September 2018}}</ref> The '']'' ("Roman Bridge") over the ] river was built in the 16th century using actual Roman stones.<ref>{{cite news|title=Roman Bridge is cultural and historical Treasure of Sarajevo’s Settlement of Ilidza|url=https://sarajevotimes.com/roman-bridge-cultural-historical-treasure-ilidza/|access-date=18 January 2018|publisher=SarajevoTimes|date=18 January 2018}}</ref>


==Twin towns – sister cities==
== External links ==
{{See also|List of twin towns and sister cities in Bosnia and Herzegovina}}
Ilidža is ] with:
*{{flagicon|TUR}} ], Turkey<ref>{{cite web |title=Posjeta bratskoj općini Zeytinburnu|url=http://www.opcinailidza.ba/news/default/posjeta-bratskoj-opcini--zeytinburnu-?page=22|website=opcinailidza.ba|publisher=Ilidža|language=bs|date=2016-03-28|access-date=2020-12-29}}</ref>
*{{flagicon|TUR}} ], Turkey<ref>{{cite web|title=Kardeş Şehirler|url=http://www.izmit.bel.tr/kardessehirler|website=izmit.bel.tr|publisher=İzmit|language=tr|access-date=2020-12-29|archive-date=6 February 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200206132536/http://www.izmit.bel.tr/kardessehirler|url-status=dead}}</ref>


==References==
{{reflist}}


==External links==
{{Commons category}}
*

{{Ilidža municipality}}
{{Sarajevo}}
{{Sarajevo Canton}} {{Sarajevo Canton}}
{{Political divisions of Bosnia and Herzegovina}} {{Political divisions of Bosnia and Herzegovina}}
{{Authority control}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Ilidza}}
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Latest revision as of 17:14, 24 October 2024

Town and municipality in Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bosnia and Herzegovina
Ilidža Илиџа
Town and municipality
Banjski ParkRoman bridgeVrelo BosneTram in the town center
Coat of arms of IlidžaCoat of arms
Location of Ilidža within Bosnia and Herzegovina.Location of Ilidža within Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Coordinates: 43°49′N 18°18′E / 43.817°N 18.300°E / 43.817; 18.300
Country Bosnia and Herzegovina
EntityFederation of Bosnia and Herzegovina
Canton Sarajevo Canton
Government
 • Municipal mayorNermin Muzur (NiP)
Area
 • Town and municipality143.4 km (55.4 sq mi)
Population
 • Town and municipality66,730
 • Density470/km (1,200/sq mi)
 • Urban63,528
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+2 (CEST)
Area code+387 33
Websitewww.opcinailidza.ba

Ilidža (Cyrillic: Илиџа, pronounced [i.lǐ.dʒa]) is a spa town and a municipality located in Sarajevo Canton of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, an entity of Bosnia and Herzegovina. It has a total population of 66,730 with 63,528 in Ilidža itself, and is a chief suburb of Sarajevo and de facto its neighborhood. It is best known for the Vrelo Bosne spring, as well as the natural environment of its surroundings and historical tradition dating back to Neolithic times. Sarajevo International Airport is located nearby.

Geography

The Great Lane which leads to the Vrelo Bosne spring

Ilidža is known to have a pleasant and attractive geography. The town itself is built on fairly level ground, although it is surrounded by mountains. The biggest is Mount Igman, whose 1,502 m (4,928 ft) peak towers above the town. On the mountain grows the "Golden Lily" (Lilium bosniacum), a branch of the Lily family of flowers that is a historical symbol of Bosnia. The area is rich in flint, especially in the Butmir neighborhood.

The Željeznica river, a tributary of the Bosna, passes through the town's center. The Bosna itself passes through Ilidža's outskirts. Its spring, Vrelo Bosne, is found a few kilometers to the west of the town centre and is a national park. A number of smaller streams also pass through the town's area.

A number of horticulture projects have been undertaken in the history of Ilidža. The town is today very rich in trees. The total area of the town's parks is about 50% of that of Sarajevo, which has six times its population. In 1894, an article in a London newspaper called Ilidža "One of the most beautiful places in the world".

Climate

Climate in this area has mild differences between highs and lows, and there is adequate rainfall year-round. The Köppen climate classification subtype for this climate is "Cfb" (Marine West Coast Climate/Oceanic climate).

Climate data for Ilidža
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 2
(35) 		5
(41) 		10
(50) 		15
(59) 		20
(68) 		23
(73) 		26
(78) 		26
(78) 		23
(73) 		16
(60) 		8
(46) 		3
(37) 		14
(57)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) −5
(23) 		−3
(26) 		0
(32) 		3
(37) 		7
(44) 		10
(50) 		11
(51) 		11
(51) 		8
(46) 		5
(41) 		0
(32) 		−3
(26) 		3
(37)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 66
(2.6) 		61
(2.4) 		71
(2.8) 		66
(2.6) 		81
(3.2) 		86
(3.4) 		69
(2.7) 		69
(2.7) 		74
(2.9) 		91
(3.6) 		84
(3.3) 		79
(3.1) 		900
(35.3)
Source: Weatherbase

History

Bosna river, Ilidža

Ilidža is one of the longest continuously inhabited regions in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Since the 19th century, numerous archeological finds have been made in the Butmir area, dating from Neolithic times. The so-called Butmir culture, is one of the best documented Neolithic cultures in Europe of the 26th and 25th centuries BC.

During Roman times, the Ilidža area was the location of the town known as Aquae Sulphurae. This was a Roman colony, and the largest settlement in the whole of Bosnia and Herzegovina at the time. Today numerous traces of Roman civilisation have been found, such as mosaics, ceramics, jewellery, coins, and even structural remains.

During the medieval period, the Ilidža area was part of the Bosnian province of Vrhbosna. Katera, one of the two original Bosnian towns mentioned by Constantine VII in De Administrando Imperio, was found on the ground of today's Ilidža municipality. The disciples of Saints Cyril and Methodius considered the area important enough to stop at Vrelo Bosne and build a church in the area.

The modern town of Ilidža as we know it was founded during the Ottoman rule of Bosnia. Its name derives from the Turkish word Ilıca, meaning "warm thermal springs". (Ilıca is also the name of a district of Erzurum, a southeast city of Turkey. There are also Ilıca-named municipalities in the following provinces of Turkey: Samsun, Kahramanmaraş, Antalya, Malatya, Ordu.) Numerous elements of Turkish culture found their way into Ilidža, such as a number of oriental homes from the 15th and 16th centuries that have survived to this day. Numerous mosques and bridges were also built at this time.

Ilidža, like the rest of Bosnia and Herzegovina, experienced industrialisation and westernization with the coming of Austria-Hungary. A railway station and tracks, hotels, and various other structures made Ilidža the most important town after Sarajevo in the region. This continued into the 1900s as Ilidža continued to grow and develop.

Before 1990, Ilidža was populated mainly by Serbs 47,21% and Bosniaks 31,58%. When the Bosnian War started in 1992, until the 1995 Dayton Agreement, the municipality was divided between Bosnian Muslims (Hrasnica, Sokolović Kolonija, Butmir) and Serb (Ilidža, Kotorac, Vojkovići, Grlica) parts. When, under the terms of the Dayton Agreement, Ilidža was placed within the territory of the Bosnian Federation, the vast majority of Serbs fled the town to live in Republika Srpska, destroying some buildings as they did so. In the process, NATO and EU observers reported about violence between those Serbs who decided to leave and ones who wanted to stay, as those who were leaving looted and set on fire not just their but also houses and property of those who were staying as well. From 1996, Ilidža was home to the headquarters of the NATO peacekeeping force IFOR (later SFOR and EUFOR) before its move to nearby Butmir in the year 2000. During this period, the hotels Terme, Srbija (Serbia), Bosna (Bosnia) and Jadran were barricaded and the area was used as NATO HQ. Today Ilidža remains a bustling, largely Bosniak-dominated town. Vojkovići and Grlica formed Eastern Ilidža Municipality which is dominated by Serbs.

Panoramic view of Željeznica river (looking upstream) in Ilidža near Sarajevo

Demographics

According to the 2013 census, the municipality had a population of 66,730 inhabitants, with 63,528 in Ilidža itself.

Settlements

The municipality consists of the following settlements with their respective populations:

Ethnic composition

Ethnicity Population

(2013 census)

Population

(1991 census)

Population

(1971 census)

Total 66,730 (100%) 67,937 (100%) 39,452 (100%)
Bosniaks 58,120 (87.1%) 29,337 (43.2%) 12,462 (31.58%)
Croats 3,030 (4.5%) 2 (0.4%) 6,446 (16.33%)
Serbs 1,600 (2.4%) 25,029 (36.8%) 18,627 (47.21%)
Yugoslavs 0 (0%) 5,181 (7.6%) 954 (2.41%)
Others 3,980 (6%) 1,456 (2.1%) 963 (2.47%)

Government

Location of Ilidža Municipality in Bosnia and Herzegovina

Although a fully incorporated suburb of Sarajevo, Ilidža is its own municipality and thus has its own municipal government.

The current political parties are represented in the Municipal Assembly:

The current municipal mayor is Nermin Muzur, elected in the 2020 local elections and serving since 23 December 2020.

Economy

Prior to the war, Ilidža municipality was one of the five wealthiest in Bosnia and Herzegovina, and one of the ten wealthiest in the whole of Yugoslavia. The war had a devastating effect on the town's economy, but today it has returned to its pre-war wealth. Several important local companies are based in Ilidža. The town's economy is based on food processing, electronics, and manufacturing.

Tourism

Sarajevo International Airport is located just a few kilometers from the town. The region's natural environment and historical sites are draws for tourists.

Banja Ilidža spa and hotel complex

Ilidža with its historic Roman archaeological site consisting of thermae and the village of Aquae Sulphurae, the 19th century hotel complex from Austro-Hungarian period, and a modern bath and spa resort hotel, Banja Terme Ilidža, is a spa town. This, along with a rich natural heritage, makes tourism the most important parts of Ilidža's economy. The natural environment of the area is used to the town's advantage, attracting tourists from both abroad and from neighboring Sarajevo. There are plans for future development to enhance tourism, including hotels and a cable cars line to mount Igman as a destination for skiing and hiking.

  • Austro-Hungarian architecture (1867–1918)
  • Hotel Bosna Hotel Bosna
  • Hotel Hercegovina Hotel Hercegovina
  • Hotel Austria Hotel Austria
  • Hotel Crystal (previously called Hotel Hungaria) Hotel Crystal (previously called Hotel Hungaria)

Vrelo Bosne

Vrelo Bosne is one of the country's most popular protected areas. The Rimski Most ("Roman Bridge") over the Bosna river was built in the 16th century using actual Roman stones.

Twin towns – sister cities

See also: List of twin towns and sister cities in Bosnia and Herzegovina

Ilidža is twinned with:

References

  1. Climate Summary for Ilidža
  2. "Weatherbase.com". Weatherbase. 2013. Retrieved on July 13, 2013.
  3. kons.gov.ba (25 March 2012). "prehistoric settlement in Butmir". Archived from the original on 6 October 2014.
  4. "Fires burn unchecked in Sarajevo". CNN. 9 March 1996. Archived from the original on 15 February 2013. Retrieved 24 January 2013.
  5. "More BosnianSerbs leave Sarajevo suburbs". CNN. 18 February 1996. Archived from the original on 15 February 2013. Retrieved 24 January 2013.
  6. "Plenty of blame going around for ravaged Bosnia suburb". CNN. 11 March 1996. Archived from the original on 15 February 2013. Retrieved 24 January 2013.
  7. "B&H 2013 census, Ilidža Municipality". Retrieved 26 August 2020.
  8. "Ilidža Municipality - Assembly members". Retrieved 24 October 2024.
  9. "Ilidža Municipality - Mayor" (in Bosnian). 24 October 2024. Retrieved 23 December 2020.
  10. opcinailidza.ba (25 March 2012). "Jedna od najrazvijenijih općina" (in Bosnian).
  11. ^ "Record Number of Visitors at Vrelo Bosne Touristic Site". Sarajevo Times. 17 September 2018. Retrieved 21 November 2023.
  12. "Zdravstvena Ustanova Lječilište Banja Terme Ilidža". gdjenaodmor.com. Retrieved 21 November 2023.
  13. "Iskoristite tople jesenje dane kako biste ojačali svoj organizam". www.faktor.ba (in Bosnian). Retrieved 21 November 2023.
  14. "The Plan is to build three cable Cars in the Canton Sarajevo". Sarajevo Times. 27 April 2023. Retrieved 21 November 2023.
  15. "Feasibility study initiative for construction of two cable cars in Sarajevo Canton – Ilidza Municipality hires Swiss company". www.ekapija.com. Retrieved 21 November 2023.
  16. "BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA INVESTMENT OPPORTUNITIES" (PDF). fipa.gov.ba. Foreign Investment Promotion Agency of Bosnia and Herzegovina. p. 42. Retrieved 21 November 2023.
  17. "Roman Bridge is cultural and historical Treasure of Sarajevo's Settlement of Ilidza". SarajevoTimes. 18 January 2018. Retrieved 18 January 2018.
  18. "Posjeta bratskoj općini Zeytinburnu". opcinailidza.ba (in Bosnian). Ilidža. 28 March 2016. Retrieved 29 December 2020.
  19. "Kardeş Şehirler". izmit.bel.tr (in Turkish). İzmit. Archived from the original on 6 February 2020. Retrieved 29 December 2020.

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