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{{Short description|1975 non-fiction book by Lucy Dawidowicz}}
⚫ '''''The War Against the Jews''''' is a ] book authored by ]. The book researches ] of the ]an ]ry during ].
{{Infobox book
| name = The War Against the Jews
| image = File:The War Against the Jews.jpg
| image_size = 200px
| caption = First edition
| author = ]
| country =
| language = English
⚫ | subject = ]
| published = 1975 (])
| pages =
| isbn = 0-03-013661-X
| dewey =
| congress =
| oclc =
}}
⚫ '''''The War Against the Jews''''' is a 1975 book by ]. The book researches ] of the European ]ry during ].


The author contends that ] pursued his policies to ] Jewish populations throughout Europe even to the detriment of pragmatic wartime actions such as moving troops and securing supply lines. As an example, Dawidowicz notes that Hitler delayed railcars providing supplies to front line troops in the ] so that Jews could be deported by rail from the USSR to ]s. The author contends that ] pursued his policies to ] throughout Europe even to the detriment of pragmatic wartime actions such as moving troops and securing supply lines. As an example, Dawidowicz notes that Hitler delayed railcars providing supplies to front line troops in the ] so that Jews could be deported by rail from the USSR to ]s. She uses records of "one-way" rail tickets as additional documentation of those sent to camps.


Dawidowicz also draws a line of "anti-Semitic descent" from ] to Hitler, writing that both men were obsessed by the "demonologized universe" inhabited by Jews. She contents that similarities between Luther's anti-Jewish writings, especially '']'', and modern anti-Semitism are no coincidence, because they derived from a common history of ''Judenhass'' (Jew-hatred), which she traces back to the biblical ] advice to ]. She argues that though modern Anti-Semitism has its roots in German ], the foundation of ] anti-Semitism was laid by the ] and "upon which Luther built." Dawidowicz also draws a line of "anti-Semitic descent" from ] to Hitler, writing that both men were obsessed by the "demonologized universe" inhabited by Jews. She contends that similarities between Luther's anti-Jewish writings, especially '']'', and modern anti-Semitism are no coincidence, because they derived from a common history of '']'' (Jew-hatred), which she traces back to the biblical ] advice to ]. She argues that though modern anti-Semitism has its roots in ], the foundation of ] anti-Semitism was laid by the ] and "upon which Luther built."<ref>Bantam edition 1986, p.23. {{ISBN|0-553-34532-X}}</ref>


The book also provides detailed listings by country of the number of Jews killed in ]. Dawidowicz researched birth and death records in many cities of prewar Europe to come up with a death toll of 5,933,900 Jews. Some historians{{who}} consider this number an underestimate since many records were lost during the war, and since many births and deaths were not recorded in small towns and villages. The book also provides detailed listings by country of the number of Jews killed in ]. Dawidowicz researched birth and death records in many cities of prewar Europe to come up with a death toll of 5,933,900 Jews.


== Criticism by Raul Hilberg ==
Her listings are as follows:
], widely considered to be one of the world's preeminent Holocaust scholars,<ref>{{Citation | last = Joffe | first = Lawrence | title = Obituary: Raul Hilberg | newspaper = The Guardian | date = 2007-09-25 | url = https://www.theguardian.com/news/2007/sep/25/guardianobituaries.obituaries | accessdate = 2010-01-09}}</ref><ref>{{Citation | last = Wyman | first = David | author-link = David Wyman | title = Managing the Death Machine | newspaper = The New York Times | date = 1985-08-11 | url = https://www.nytimes.com/1985/08/11/books/managing-the-death-machine.html | accessdate =2010-01-09}}</ref><ref>{{Citation | last = Woo | first = Elaine | title = Raul Hilberg, 81; scholar was an authority on the Holocaust | newspaper = Los Angeles Times | date = 2007-08-07 | url = https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2007-aug-07-me-hilberg7-story.html | access-date = 2010-01-09}}</ref> published his three-volume, 1,273-page '']'', '']'', in 1961; this work is regarded today as a seminal study of the ] ]. Hilberg notes that Dawidowicz not only ignored ''The Destruction'''s findings in ''The War Against the Jews'', but also went on to exclude mention of him in her ] work, ''The Holocaust and the Historians'', published in 1981. Hilberg's work, running as it did against the grain of ] thinking, was widely unpopular among many early scholars, a contrast to later views. It is argued that Davidowicz, a renowned ''intentionalist'', simply ignored Hilberg's work in order to follow an academically safer path, avoiding controversy by avoiding ''functionalist'' conclusions like those drawn by Hilberg. "She wanted preeminence," Hilberg writes.<ref>{{cite book |last=Hilberg |first=Raul |date=1996 |title=The Politics of Memory: The Journey of a Holocaust Historian |location=Chicago |publisher=Ivan R. Dee |isbn=9781566631167 |url={{GBurl|RBhnAAAAMAAJ}} |page=146}}</ref>Within a death toll often viewed as ranging from a low estimate of five million to a high estimate of seven million, Hilberg's own detailed breakdown in The Destruction reveals a total estimated death toll of 5.1 million Jews.


== Jewish population listing ==
<center>
{| class="wikitable" {|class="sortable wikitable" style="margin:1em auto;"
|+Dawidowicz's listing of Jews killed in World War II
!Country or<br/>territory
!Country
⚫ !Estimated Pre-War <br/>Jewish population
!Estimated Jewish <br/>population annihilated !Estimated Pre-War Jewish population
⚫ !Estimated Jewish population killed
!Percent killed !Percent killed
|- |-
| ] |Poland
|{{right|3,300,000}} |3,300,000
|{{right|3,000,000}} |3,000,000
|91
|{{right|90}}
|- |-
| ] |]
|{{right|253,000}} |253,000
|{{right|228,000}} |228,000
|{{right|90}} |90
|- |-
| ] & ] |Germany & ]
|{{right|240,000}} |240,000
|{{right|210,000}} |210,000
|88
|{{right|90}}
|- |-
| ] & ] |] & ]
|{{right|90,000}} |90,000
|{{right|80,000}} |80,000
|{{right|89}} |89
|- |-
| ] |]
|{{right|90,000}} |90,000
|{{right|75,000}} |75,000
|{{right|83}} |83
|- |-
| ] |]
|{{right|70,000}} |70,000
|{{right|54,000}} |54,000
|{{right|77}} |77
|- |-
| ] |Netherlands
|{{right|140,000}} |140,000
|{{right|105,000}} |105,000
|{{right|75}} |75
|- |-
| ] |]
|{{right|650,000}} |650,000
|{{right|450,000}} |450,000
|{{right|70}} |70
|- |-
| ] |]
|{{right|375,000}} |375,000
|{{right|245,000}} |245,000
|{{right|65}} |65
|- |-
| ] |]
|{{right|1,500,000}} |1,500,000
|{{right|900,000}} |900,000
|{{right|60}} |60
|- |-
| ] |]
|{{right|65,000}} |65,000
|{{right|40,000}} |40,000
|{{right|60}} |60
|- |-
| ] |]
|{{right|43,000}} |43,000
|{{right|26,000}} |26,000
|{{right|60}} |60
|- |-
| ] |]
|{{right|600,000}} |600,000
|{{right|300,000}} |300,000
|{{right|50}} |50
|- |-
| ] |Norway
|{{right|1,800}} |1,800
|{{right|900}} |900
|{{right|50}} |50
|- |-
| ] |France
|{{right|350,000}} |350,000
|{{right|90,000}} |90,000
|{{right|26}} |26
|- |-
| ] |]
|{{right|64,000}} |64,000
|{{right|14,000}} |14,000
|{{right|22}} |22
|- |-
| ] |Italy
|{{right|40,000}} |40,000
|{{right|8,000}} |8,000
|{{right|20}} |20
|- |-
| ] |]
|{{right|5,000}} |5,000
|{{right|1,000}} |1,000
|{{right|20}} |20
|- |-
| ] |]
|{{right|975,000}} |975,000
|{{right|107,000}} |107,000
|{{right|11}} |11
|- |-
| ] |]
|{{right|8,000}} |8,000
| ? |120
| ? |2
|- |-
| ] |]
|{{right|2,000}} |2,000
| ? |?
| ? |?
|- |-
! Total !Total
!{{right|8,861,800}} !8,861,800
!{{right|5,933,900}} !5,933,900
!{{right|67}} !67
|} |}
</center>


==Notes== == See also ==
⚫ {{Reflist}}

==See also==
⚫ *]
*]
*]
*] *]


== Notes ==
⚫ {{Reflist}}


== External links ==
⚫ ]
*'''' at Archive.org
⚫ ]


⚫ {{DEFAULTSORT:War Against the Jews, The}}
{{hist-book-stub}}
]
{{Jewish-hist-stub}}
⚫ ]
]

Latest revision as of 02:18, 6 December 2024

1975 non-fiction book by Lucy Dawidowicz
The War Against the Jews
First edition
AuthorLucy Dawidowicz
LanguageEnglish
SubjectThe Holocaust
Published1975 (Holt, Rinehart and Winston)
ISBN0-03-013661-X

The War Against the Jews is a 1975 book by Lucy Dawidowicz. The book researches the Holocaust of the European Jewry during World War II.

The author contends that Adolf Hitler pursued his policies to eliminate Jewish populations throughout Europe even to the detriment of pragmatic wartime actions such as moving troops and securing supply lines. As an example, Dawidowicz notes that Hitler delayed railcars providing supplies to front line troops in the Soviet Union so that Jews could be deported by rail from the USSR to death camps. She uses records of "one-way" rail tickets as additional documentation of those sent to camps.

Dawidowicz also draws a line of "anti-Semitic descent" from Martin Luther to Hitler, writing that both men were obsessed by the "demonologized universe" inhabited by Jews. She contends that similarities between Luther's anti-Jewish writings, especially On the Jews and Their Lies, and modern anti-Semitism are no coincidence, because they derived from a common history of Judenhass (Jew-hatred), which she traces back to the biblical Haman's advice to Ahasuerus. She argues that though modern anti-Semitism has its roots in German nationalism, the foundation of Christian anti-Semitism was laid by the Catholic Church and "upon which Luther built."

The book also provides detailed listings by country of the number of Jews killed in World War II. Dawidowicz researched birth and death records in many cities of prewar Europe to come up with a death toll of 5,933,900 Jews.

Criticism by Raul Hilberg

Raul Hilberg, widely considered to be one of the world's preeminent Holocaust scholars, published his three-volume, 1,273-page magnum opus, The Destruction of the European Jews, in 1961; this work is regarded today as a seminal study of the Nazi Final Solution. Hilberg notes that Dawidowicz not only ignored The Destruction's findings in The War Against the Jews, but also went on to exclude mention of him in her historiographic work, The Holocaust and the Historians, published in 1981. Hilberg's work, running as it did against the grain of intentionalist thinking, was widely unpopular among many early scholars, a contrast to later views. It is argued that Davidowicz, a renowned intentionalist, simply ignored Hilberg's work in order to follow an academically safer path, avoiding controversy by avoiding functionalist conclusions like those drawn by Hilberg. "She wanted preeminence," Hilberg writes.Within a death toll often viewed as ranging from a low estimate of five million to a high estimate of seven million, Hilberg's own detailed breakdown in The Destruction reveals a total estimated death toll of 5.1 million Jews.

Jewish population listing

Dawidowicz's listing of Jews killed in World War II
Country Estimated Pre-War Jewish population Estimated Jewish population killed Percent killed
Poland 3,300,000 3,000,000 91
Baltic countries 253,000 228,000 90
Germany & Austria 240,000 210,000 88
Bohemia & Moravia 90,000 80,000 89
Slovakia 90,000 75,000 83
Greece 70,000 54,000 77
Netherlands 140,000 105,000 75
Hungary 650,000 450,000 70
Byelorussian SSR 375,000 245,000 65
Ukrainian SSR 1,500,000 900,000 60
Belgium 65,000 40,000 60
Yugoslavia 43,000 26,000 60
Romania 600,000 300,000 50
Norway 1,800 900 50
France 350,000 90,000 26
Bulgaria 64,000 14,000 22
Italy 40,000 8,000 20
Luxembourg 5,000 1,000 20
Russian SFSR 975,000 107,000 11
Denmark 8,000 120 2
Finland 2,000 ? ?
Total 8,861,800 5,933,900 67

See also

Notes

  1. Bantam edition 1986, p.23. ISBN 0-553-34532-X
  2. Joffe, Lawrence (2007-09-25), "Obituary: Raul Hilberg", The Guardian, retrieved 2010-01-09
  3. Wyman, David (1985-08-11), "Managing the Death Machine", The New York Times, retrieved 2010-01-09
  4. Woo, Elaine (2007-08-07), "Raul Hilberg, 81; scholar was an authority on the Holocaust", Los Angeles Times, retrieved 2010-01-09
  5. Hilberg, Raul (1996). The Politics of Memory: The Journey of a Holocaust Historian. Chicago: Ivan R. Dee. p. 146. ISBN 9781566631167.

External links

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