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| | name = ''Sare Jahan se Accha'' | | name = ''Sare Jahan se Accha'' | ||
| | author = ] | | author = ] | ||
| | language = ] | | language = ] | ||
| | original_title = ''Taranah-e-Hindi'' | | original_title = ''Taranah-e-Hindi'' | ||
| | original_title_lang = ur | | original_title_lang = ur | ||
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| ] | ] | ||
| "'''Sare Jahan se Accha'''" (]: {{nastaliq|سارے جہاں سے اچھا}} |
"'''Sare Jahan se Accha'''" (]: {{nastaliq|سارے جہاں سے اچھا}}; ''Sāre Jahāṉ se Acchā''), formally known as "'''Tarānah-e-Hindi'''" (Urdu: {{Nastaliq|ترانۂ ہندی}}, "Anthem of the People of ]"), is an ] language patriotic song for children written by poet ] in the ] style of ].{{efn|"'Taranah-e Hindi' (1904) was explicitly written as a patriotic song for children; Iqbal also composed a number of others meant for children, but this one has always been the most popular. This little ghazal ..."<ref name=pritchett/>}} The poem was published in the weekly journal ''Ittehad'' on 16 August 1904.<ref name=pritchett>Pritchett, Frances. 2000. Columbia University Department of South Asian Studies.</ref> Publicly recited by Iqbal the following year at ], ] (now in ]) it quickly became an anthem of opposition to the ]. The song, an ] to ]—the land comprising present-day ], ] and ], was later published in 1924 in the Urdu book ].<ref name="Indiatoday">{{cite news|title=Saare Jahan Se Accha: Facts about the song and its creator|url=http://indiatoday.intoday.in/education/story/saare-jahan-se-accha-facts/1/647730.html|access-date=17 October 2016|publisher=India Today|date=21 April 2016|archive-date=23 January 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170123084302/http://indiatoday.intoday.in/education/story/saare-jahan-se-accha-facts/1/647730.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> | ||
| By 1910, Iqbal's worldview had changed to become global and Islamic. In a new song for children, "Tarana-e-Milli," written in the same metre, he changed the homeland from "Hindustan" to the "whole world." In 1930, in his presidential address to the Muslim League annual conference in Allahabad, he supported a separate nation-state in the Muslim-majority areas of the subcontinent, an idea that inspired the |
By 1910, Iqbal's worldview had changed to become global and Islamic. In a new song for children, "]," written in the same metre, he changed the homeland from "Hindustan" to the "whole world." In 1930, in his presidential address to the Muslim League annual conference in Allahabad, he supported a separate nation-state in the Muslim-majority areas of the subcontinent, an idea that inspired the creation of Pakistan. | ||
| Saare Jahan se Accha has remained very popular, but only in India.{{efn|This little ghazal, composed by the man widely considered to be the philosophical father of Pakistan, is now extremely popular—but only in India."<ref name=pritchett/>}} An abridged version is sung and played frequently as a patriotic song and as a marching song of the ].<ref name="wire">{{cite news|last1=Imam|first1=Sharjeel|title=Sare Jahan Se Acha: The Idea of India in Early 20th Century Urdu Poetry|url=http://thewire.in/49087/sare-jahan-se-acha-the-idea-of-india-in-early-20th-century-urdu-poetry/|access-date=17 October 2016|publisher=The Wire|date=6 July 2016}}</ref> The most popular ] is that of ] maestro ]. | Saare Jahan se Accha has remained very popular, but only in India.{{efn|This little ghazal, composed by the man widely considered to be the philosophical father of Pakistan, is now extremely popular—but only in India."<ref name=pritchett/>}} An abridged version is sung and played frequently as a patriotic song and as a marching song of the ].<ref name="wire">{{cite news|last1=Imam|first1=Sharjeel|title=Sare Jahan Se Acha: The Idea of India in Early 20th Century Urdu Poetry|url=http://thewire.in/49087/sare-jahan-se-acha-the-idea-of-india-in-early-20th-century-urdu-poetry/|access-date=17 October 2016|publisher=The Wire|date=6 July 2016}}</ref> The most popular ] is that of ] maestro ]. | ||
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| {| | {| | ||
| |- | |- | ||
| |style="text-align:center;"|'''Urdu |
|style="text-align:center;"|'''Urdu''' | ||
| ⚫ | |style="text-align:center;"|'''Romanisation (])''' | ||
| |'''Hindi in Devnagri Script''' | |||
| ⚫ | | |
||
| |- | |- | ||
| | <!-- Urdu --> | | <!-- Urdu --> | ||
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| معلوم کیا کسی کو دردِ نہاں ہمارا!}}{{rlm}} | معلوم کیا کسی کو دردِ نہاں ہمارا!}}{{rlm}} | ||
| </div></blockquote> | </div></blockquote> | ||
| ⚫ | |||
| ⚫ | हम बुलबुलें हैं इसकी |
||
| ⚫ | |||
| ⚫ | समझो वहीं हमें भी |
||
| ⚫ | परबत |
||
| ⚫ | |||
| ⚫ | गोदी में खेलती हैं |
||
| ⚫ | |||
| ⚫ | ऐ आब-ए-रूद-ए-गंगा! |
||
| ⚫ | उतरा |
||
| ⚫ | |||
| हिन्दी हैं हम वतन हैं, हिन्दोस्ताँ हमारा॥ सारे... | |||
| ⚫ | यूनान-ओ-मिस्र-ओ-रूमा |
||
| ⚫ | अब तक मगर है बाक़ी |
||
| ⚫ | कुछ बात है कि हस्ती |
||
| ⚫ | सदियों रहा है दुश्मन |
||
| ⚫ | |||
| ⚫ | मालूम क्या किसी को |
||
| | <!-- Roman Transliteration --> | | <!-- Roman Transliteration --> | ||
| {{transl|ur| | {{transl|ur| | ||
| Line 168: | Line 125: | ||
| ==Composition== | ==Composition== | ||
| Iqbal was a lecturer at the ] at that time, and was invited by a student ] to preside over a function |
Iqbal was a lecturer at the ] at that time, and was invited by a student ] to preside over a function. Instead of delivering a speech, Iqbal sang "Saare Jahan Se Achcha". The song, in addition to embodying yearning and attachment to the land of Hindustan, expressed "cultural memory" and had an ] quality. In 1905, the 27-year-old Iqbal viewed the future society of the ] as both a pluralistic and composite Hindu-Muslim culture. Later that year he left for Europe for a three-year sojourn that was to transform him into an Islamic philosopher and a visionary of a future Islamic society.<ref name="Indiatoday"/> | ||
| ==Iqbal's transformation and Tarana-e-Milli== | ==Iqbal's transformation and Tarana-e-Milli== | ||
| Line 194: | Line 151: | ||
| * In his inaugural speech, the former prime minister of India ] quoted this poem at his first press conference after becoming the ].<ref name="timesofindia.indiatimes.com"/> | * In his inaugural speech, the former prime minister of India ] quoted this poem at his first press conference after becoming the ].<ref name="timesofindia.indiatimes.com"/> | ||
| * The song is popular in India in schools as a patriotic song, sung during morning assemblies, and as a marching song for the Indian armed forces, played during public events and parades.<ref name="Indiatoday"/> It is played by the Armed forces Massed Bands each year for the ], ] and at the culmination of ].<ref>{{cite news |title=Indian tunes to set mood at 'Beating Retreat' today |url=http://www.tribuneindia.com/news/nation/indian-tunes-to-set-mood-at-beating-retreat-today/535386.html |access-date=5 June 2018 |work=The Tribune |date=29 January 2018}}</ref> | * The song is popular in India in schools as a patriotic song, sung during morning assemblies, and as a marching song for the Indian armed forces, played during public events and parades.<ref name="Indiatoday"/> It is played by the Armed forces Massed Bands each year for the ], ] and at the culmination of ].<ref>{{cite news |title=Indian tunes to set mood at 'Beating Retreat' today |url=http://www.tribuneindia.com/news/nation/indian-tunes-to-set-mood-at-beating-retreat-today/535386.html |access-date=5 June 2018 |work=The Tribune |date=29 January 2018}}</ref> | ||
| ===Text in the Devanagari script=== | |||
| In India, the text of the poem is often rendered in the ] script of ]: | |||
| {| | |||
| |- | |||
| | style="text-align:center;" |''']''' | |||
| |- | |||
| | | |||
| <blockquote> | |||
| ⚫ | सारे जहाँ से अच्छा हिन्दोसिताँ हमारा <br/> | ||
| ⚫ | हम बुलबुलें हैं इसकी यह गुलसिताँ हमारा | ||
| ⚫ | ग़ुर्बत में हों अगर हम, रहता है दिल वतन में <br/> | ||
| ⚫ | समझो वहीं हमें भी दिल हो जहाँ हमारा | ||
| ⚫ | परबत वह सबसे ऊँचा, हम्साया आसमाँ का <br/> | ||
| ⚫ | वह संतरी हमारा, वह पासबाँ हमारा | ||
| ⚫ | गोदी में खेलती हैं इसकी हज़ारों नदियाँ <br/> | ||
| ⚫ | गुल्शन है जिनके दम से रश्क-ए-जनाँ हमारा | ||
| ⚫ | ऐ आब-ए-रूद-ए-गंगा! वह दिन हैं याद तुझको? <br/> | ||
| ⚫ | उतरा तिरे किनारे जब कारवाँ हमारा | ||
| ⚫ | मज़्हब नहीं सिखाता आपस में बैर रखना <br/> | ||
| हिंदी हैं हम, वतन है हिन्दोसिताँ हमारा | |||
| ⚫ | यूनान-ओ-मिस्र-ओ-रूमा सब मिट गए जहाँ से <br/> | ||
| ⚫ | अब तक मगर है बाक़ी नाम-ओ-निशाँ हमारा | ||
| ⚫ | कुछ बात है कि हस्ती मिटती नहीं हमारी <br/> | ||
| ⚫ | सदियों रहा है दुश्मन दौर-ए-ज़माँ हमारा | ||
| ⚫ | इक़्बाल! कोई महरम अपना नहीं जहाँ में <br/> | ||
| ⚫ | मालूम क्या किसी को दर्द-ए-निहाँ हमारा ! | ||
| </blockquote> | |||
| |} | |||
| == See also == | == See also == | ||
Latest revision as of 02:53, 25 December 2024
Patriotic Urdu poem This article is about the Urdu poem. For other use(s), see Sare Jahan se Accha (disambiguation).
| Sare Jahan se Accha | |
|---|---|
| by Muhammad Iqbal | |
| Original title | Taranah-e-Hindi |
| First published in | Ittehad |
| Country | British India |
| Language | Urdu |
| Form | Ghazal |
| Publication date | 16 August 1904 |
"Sare Jahan se Accha" (Urdu: سارے جہاں سے اچھا; Sāre Jahāṉ se Acchā), formally known as "Tarānah-e-Hindi" (Urdu: ترانۂ ہندی, "Anthem of the People of Hindustan"), is an Urdu language patriotic song for children written by poet Allama Muhammad Iqbal in the ghazal style of Urdu poetry. The poem was published in the weekly journal Ittehad on 16 August 1904. Publicly recited by Iqbal the following year at Government College, Lahore, British India (now in Pakistan) it quickly became an anthem of opposition to the British Raj. The song, an ode to Hindustan—the land comprising present-day Bangladesh, India and Pakistan, was later published in 1924 in the Urdu book Bang-i-Dara.
By 1910, Iqbal's worldview had changed to become global and Islamic. In a new song for children, "Tarana-e-Milli," written in the same metre, he changed the homeland from "Hindustan" to the "whole world." In 1930, in his presidential address to the Muslim League annual conference in Allahabad, he supported a separate nation-state in the Muslim-majority areas of the subcontinent, an idea that inspired the creation of Pakistan.
Saare Jahan se Accha has remained very popular, but only in India. An abridged version is sung and played frequently as a patriotic song and as a marching song of the Indian Armed Forces. The most popular musical composition is that of sitar maestro Ravi Shankar.
Text of poem
| Urdu | Romanisation (ALA-LC) |
|
|
English translation
Better than the entire world, is our Hindustan,
We are its nightingales, and it (is) our garden abode
If we are in an alien place, the heart remains in the homeland,
consider us too right there where our heart would be.
That tallest mountain, that shade-sharer of the sky,
It (is) our sentry, it (is) our watchman
In its lap where frolic thousands of rivers,
Whose vitality makes our garden the envy of Paradise.
O the flowing waters of the Ganges, do you remember that day
When our caravan first disembarked on your waterfront?
Religion does not teach us to bear animosity among ourselves
We are of Hind, our homeland is Hindustan.
In a world in which ancient Greece, Egypt, and Rome have all vanished
Our own attributes (name and sign) live on today.
There is something about our existence for it doesn't get wiped
Even though, for centuries, the time-cycle of the world has been our enemy.
Iqbal! We have no confidant in this world
What does any one know of our hidden pain?
Composition
Iqbal was a lecturer at the Government College, Lahore at that time, and was invited by a student Lala Har Dayal to preside over a function. Instead of delivering a speech, Iqbal sang "Saare Jahan Se Achcha". The song, in addition to embodying yearning and attachment to the land of Hindustan, expressed "cultural memory" and had an elegiac quality. In 1905, the 27-year-old Iqbal viewed the future society of the subcontinent as both a pluralistic and composite Hindu-Muslim culture. Later that year he left for Europe for a three-year sojourn that was to transform him into an Islamic philosopher and a visionary of a future Islamic society.
Iqbal's transformation and Tarana-e-Milli
In 1910, Iqbal wrote another song for children, "Tarana-e-Milli" (Anthem of the Religious Community), which was composed in the same metre and rhyme scheme as "Saare Jahan Se Achcha", but which renounced much of the sentiment of the earlier song. The sixth stanza of "Saare Jahan Se Achcha" (1904), which is often quoted as proof of Iqbal's secular outlook:
|
Maẕhab nahīṉ sikhātā āpas meṉ bair rakhnā |
Religion does not teach us to bear ill-will among ourselves |
contrasted significantly with the first stanza of Tarana-e-Milli (1910) reads:
|
Chīn o-ʿArab hamārā, Hindūstāṉ hamārā |
Central Asia and Arabia are ours, Hindustan is ours |
Iqbal's world view had now changed; it had become both global and Islamic. Instead of singing of Hindustan, "our homeland," the new song proclaimed that "our homeland is the whole world." Two decades later, in his presidential address to the Muslim League annual conference in Allahabad in 1930, he supported a separate nation-state in the Muslim majority areas of the sub-continent, an idea that inspired the creation of Pakistan.
Popularity in India
- Saare Jahan Se Achcha has remained popular in India for nearly a century. Mahatma Gandhi is said to have sung it over a hundred times when he was imprisoned at Yerawada Jail in Pune in the 1930s.
- In the 1930s and 1940s, it was sung to a slower tune. In 1945, while working in Mumbai with the Indian People's Theatre Association (IPTA), the sitarist Pandit Ravi Shankar was asked to compose the music for the K. A. Abbas film Dharti Ke Lal and the Chetan Anand movie Neecha Nagar. During this time, Ravi Shankar was asked to compose music for the song "Saare Jahan se Accha". In an interview in 2009 with Shekhar Gupta, Ravi Shankar recounts that he felt that the existing tune was too slow and sad. To give it a more inspiring impact, he set it to a stronger tune which is today the popular tune of this song, which they then tried out as a group song. It was later recorded by the singer Lata Mangeshkar to a 3rd altogether different tune. Stanzas (1), (3), (4), and (6) of the song became an unofficial national song in India, and the Ravi Shankar version was adopted as the official quick march of the Indian Armed Forces. This arrangement as marching tune of this song was made by Antsher Lobo.
- Rakesh Sharma, the first Indian astronaut, employed the first line of the song in 1984 to describe to then prime minister Indira Gandhi how India appeared from outer space.
- In his inaugural speech, the former prime minister of India Manmohan Singh quoted this poem at his first press conference after becoming the Prime Minister.
- The song is popular in India in schools as a patriotic song, sung during morning assemblies, and as a marching song for the Indian armed forces, played during public events and parades. It is played by the Armed forces Massed Bands each year for the Indian Independence Day, Republic Day and at the culmination of Beating the Retreat.
Text in the Devanagari script
In India, the text of the poem is often rendered in the Devanagari script of Hindi:
| Devanagari |
|
See also
- Index of Muhammad Iqbal–related articles
- Iqbal bibliography
- Amar Shonar Bangla
- Jana Gana Mana
- Vande Mataram
- National Pledge (India)
Notes and references
Notes
- "'Taranah-e Hindi' (1904) was explicitly written as a patriotic song for children; Iqbal also composed a number of others meant for children, but this one has always been the most popular. This little ghazal ..."
- This little ghazal, composed by the man widely considered to be the philosophical father of Pakistan, is now extremely popular—but only in India."
Citations
- ^ Pritchett, Frances. 2000. "Tarana-e-Hindi and Taranah-e-Milli: A Study in Contrasts." Columbia University Department of South Asian Studies.
- ^ "Saare Jahan Se Accha: Facts about the song and its creator". India Today. 21 April 2016. Archived from the original on 23 January 2017. Retrieved 17 October 2016.
- Imam, Sharjeel (6 July 2016). "Sare Jahan Se Acha: The Idea of India in Early 20th Century Urdu Poetry". The Wire. Retrieved 17 October 2016.
- ^ "Here they are to be pronounced not Hindūstāṉ and gu-lis-tāṉ, respectively, as usual, but Hindositāṉ and gul-si-tāṉ, respectively, to suit the meter." From: Pritchett, F. 2004. "Taraanah-i-Hindii" Columbia University, Department of South Asian Studies.
- Pronounced "tiray" to suit the meter, in contrast to the usual "tayray." From: From: Pritchett, F. 2004. "Taraanah-i-Hindii" Columbia University, Department of South Asian Studies.
- ^ Iqbal: Tarana-e-Milli, 1910. Columbia University, Department of South Asian Studies.
- Although "Chin" refers to China in modern Urdu, in Iqbal's day it referred to Central Asia, coextensive with historical Turkestan. See also, Iqbal: Tarana-e-Milli, 1910. Columbia University, Department of South Asian Studies.
- Pritchett, Frances. 2000. Tarana-e-Hindi and Tarana-e-Milli: A Close Comparison. Columbia University Department of South Asian Studies.
- A look at Iqbal; The Sunday Tribune – May 28, 2006
- ^ Times of India: Saare Jahan Se..., it's 100 now
- Gupta, Shekhar (5 December 2009). "Walk the talk - Interview with Pandit Ravi Shankar". NDTV. Retrieved 12 August 2015.
- Indian Military Marches Archived 2 March 2009 at the Wayback Machine.
- India Empowered to Me Is: Saare Jahan Se Achcha, the home of world citizens
- "Indian tunes to set mood at 'Beating Retreat' today". The Tribune. 29 January 2018. Retrieved 5 June 2018.
External links
- "Tarana-e-Hindi at Rabia Memorial School, Fatehpur Mau (UP) India". YouTube. 23 January 2013. (Children singing the complete lyrics of the song.)