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== Moor from Mauri == |
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== Moor from Mauri == |
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I frankly don't understand why this article is separated from the one for ], since the word ''Moor'' is originally from ''Mauri'', which was used by Romans, and by the native Mauri (inhabitants of the Kingdom of Mauretania and the Roman provinces that ensued from them) to designate themselves, indicating as Gabriel Camps suggests that it may be originally a Berber word that went into Greek then Latin. The claim of the first paragraph of the article that it was an "exonym" in that sense, is not accurate, and much less is the claim that it was an equivalent of ''Muslim''. The term was and remained much more strongly associated with Northwest Africa and its proxy regions (e.g. Andalusia) than any other place, and a cursory search in the literature is sufficient indication, that it was mainly a geographical term that was sometimes abused and generalized, but most often retained its original significance (check the number of hits for "Moorish Morocco" vs "Moorish Egypt" or any other region, on Google Books or Google Scholar for instance). --] (]) 10:23, 03 April 2021 (UTC+2) |
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I frankly don't understand why this article is separated from the one for ], since the word ''Moor'' is originally from ''Mauri'', which was used by Romans, and by the native Mauri (inhabitants of the Kingdom of Mauretania and the Roman provinces that ensued from them) to designate themselves, indicating as Gabriel Camps suggests that it may be originally a Berber word that went into Greek then Latin. The claim of the first paragraph of the article that it was an "exonym" in that sense, is not accurate, and much less is the claim that it was an equivalent of ''Muslim''. The term was and remained much more strongly associated with Northwest Africa and its proxy regions (e.g. Andalusia) than any other place, and a cursory search in the literature is sufficient indication, that it was mainly a geographical term that was sometimes abused and generalized, but most often retained its original significance (check the number of hits for "Moorish Morocco" vs "Moorish Egypt" or any other region, on Google Books or Google Scholar for instance). --] (]) 10:23, 03 April 2021 (UTC+2) |
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== Abu Yusuf and Abu Hafs Umar al-Murtada are named == |
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== Any reason dark skinned moors are not mentioned or depicted? == |
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Considering the prevalence of dark-skinned Moors in European art and the historical use of the term to describe individuals with dark complexions, why are there no depictions of dark-skinned Moors? It seems like a significant omission in their history, don't you agree? ] (]) 18:58, 8 June 2023 (UTC) |
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:Because it's an afrocentrist POV that we are duty-bound to disregard as pseudo-historical woo? ] (]) 11:36, 26 June 2023 (UTC) |
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::Eurocentric is just as bad and racist because it’s harmful to the knowledge of African history and the straight up denial over pretty much black history in general. I still remember people saying Masa Mufa was white or kingdoms in sub Sahara Africa were ruled by whites or Muslims. I don’t like Afrocentric but Eurocentric is cancer ] (]) 03:13, 31 August 2023 (UTC) |
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::I'm sorry but his dosn'nt make any sensenl. |
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::I'm sorry but his dosn'nt make any sense. |
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::"Afrocentrisim" is a concept that didn't exist until the late 19th century. |
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::I get that you don't like the historical record and don't want to show what you don't agree with, but it is incoherent (at best) to say that anything you don't like is ' |
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::"Afrocentrisim" when most of what you don't like comes from non-Africans across a b |
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::"Afrocentrisim" when most of what you don't like comes from non-Africans across a non-African cobtineb |
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::"Afrocentrisim" when most of the historical record in question that you don't like comes from non-Africans centuries before the concept of 'Afrocebtrism' even existed. ] (]) 22:14, 10 September 2023 (UTC) |
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:I think '''any''' discussion here should be based on the fact that there is no such thing as a moor - at least not one well-defined group that is properly designated that way. Hence, this is an article about a word, and who it has been applied to, and how, and by whom. Eurocentrism is a significant part of the word, and of course should be exposed. ] (]) 08:29, 31 August 2023 (UTC) |
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::Nø is correct. ] (]) 11:44, 31 August 2023 (UTC) |
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:THAT being said, I think it is true that the term "moor", in addition to (or besides?) identifying someone as muslim, also may identify them as black; e.g., Shakespeare's Othello (mentioned in the popular culture section) is genreally seens as black, and traditionally was played by a white actor in blackface. Also, a google image search on "moor" will (when it comes to pictures of people) mostly bring up paintings of black people. I do not have knowledge, sources or time to include this properly in the article, but it is odd that such depictiions are currently absent. ] (]) 12:46, 31 August 2023 (UTC) |
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::The depictions are absent because they are old European nonsense. The moors (predominantly Berbers and Arabs) were neither white nor black. ] (]) 12:54, 31 August 2023 (UTC) |
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:::The word Moor is (mostly) old European nonsense. We should descirbe and expose this nonsense; it is the subject of this article. If a high school students comes across a painting of a black person called "A Moor", or comes across the character Othello, and wants to know what that is about, this article should provide an answer. Otherwise, what is this article about? ] (]) 13:05, 31 August 2023 (UTC) |
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::::The word Moor is not nonsense. As the lead sentence says: it's an exonym first used by Christian Europeans to designate the Muslim populations of the Maghreb, al-Andalus (Iberian Peninsula), Sicily and Malta during the Middle Ages (the designated Muslim populations are what the article is about). ] (]) 13:09, 31 August 2023 (UTC) |
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:::::To my knowledge, Moor is not the correct modern encyclopaedic designation for any ethnic, religious, geographical, historical or national group. Therefore, what Misplaced Pages may have to say about each of the groups you refer to, as such, belongs in other articles. ] (]) 14:41, 31 August 2023 (UTC) |
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:::::::Is the article's topic an English-language exonym, a multi-language set of similar exonyms and cognates used by Christian Europeans, or a specific otherness underpinned by the aforementioned set of exonyms? It may come across as pedantic, but I can't help but frowning upon the opening sentence. "Christian Europeans" are not primarily English speakers, and moor is an English-language word.--Asqueladd (]) 16:49, 1 September 2023 (UTC) |
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:Mawali/Moors: What has happened to my complexion |
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:His-storians: The same thing that happened to Cham ben Noah, Moshe ben Amram, Yeshua ben Yosep, Dravidians, Sumerians, pharaonic & kemetic dynasties of Nubia and Kush, Olmecs, Mayans, so of course Berbers ] (]) 22:44, 12 March 2024 (UTC) |
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::Are you aware that the word 'history' does not actually mean 'his story'. ] (]) 09:21, 14 March 2024 (UTC) |
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If anyone has access to JSTOR here are some articles about African (Black) moors that might be helpful. https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=blackamoor ] (]) 18:09, 31 August 2023 (UTC)Hoodoowoman |
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Also I found on wikimedia commons historical painted images now in photos of blackmoors from the 17th century and 18th century in Europe. |
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https://commons.wikimedia.org/File:T%C3%AAte_de_Maure.jpg |
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https://commons.wikimedia.org/File:Peter_Paul_Rubens_-_Four_Studies_of_a_Head_of_a_Moor_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg |
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https://commons.wikimedia.org/File:Gaspar_de_Crayer_-_Head_Study_of_a_Young_Moor_-_WGA5741.jpg |
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Don't know if this will help someone who is interested in writing a section about Blackmoors in the article.] (]) 19:55, 31 August 2023 (UTC)Hoodoowoman |
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:{{re|Hoodoowoman}} please don't give UNDUE weight to "blackamoor" (whatever that means). ] (]) 19:56, 6 September 2023 (UTC) |
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::Hi, I am confused that's what the source says and it's already in the article in the Heraldry section? I am not giving weight to it, just saying how the word moor had different meanings. Is it racially offensive according to present times? I just need more explanations? What about "white moors" in the article? Take that out also? ] (]) 20:04, 6 September 2023 (UTC) |
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:::Of course you are giving UNDUE weight to something called "blackamoor". The word moor may have different meanings, but the article is about the meaning that everyone knows and expects. The Moors had a civilization, a culture, a language, music, architecture, etc., none of which has anything to do with skin colour (certainly, not a black one). |
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:::Which white Moor are you referring to? Please be specific. ] (]) 20:10, 6 September 2023 (UTC) |
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::::I will remove both ] (]) 20:11, 6 September 2023 (UTC) |
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:::::You're being evasive. Remove what exactly and why? ] (]) 20:13, 6 September 2023 (UTC) |
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::::::I meant what I edited today that you said don't give weight. What I edited today was removed. I checked the view history and someone else removed what I wrote in the article with sources, text and images removed. ] (]) 20:21, 6 September 2023 (UTC) |
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:::::::Yes, it was removed because it's clearly UNDUE. For instance, take ] that you added to the top of the article: would anyone consider it to be representative of the Moors? Of course not. We have many contemporary depictions of the Moors that look nothing like it. Don't get me wrong, I'm not saying that there were no black people among the Moors, that is simply impossible as they have been part of the scene for millennia, but when one thinks of the Moors or the Romans, a black person is not what springs to mind. |
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:::::::The same goes for "blackamoor", a term used by Elizabethans to describe west Africans during the slave trade. Is that what leaps to mind when you think of the Moors and their language, religion, art, science, etc.? ] (]) 21:38, 6 September 2023 (UTC) |
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::::::::When I think of moor I think of diversity and culture such as food, language, music, people who are (were in the past) Muslims of any ethnicity or from a certain region, and how the word was used in the past to describe dark skinned people. However the dark skin definition is not used today. Today it has a different meaning, I was just trying to explain how the word was used in the past. I am trying to find reliable sources to say how Africans were a part of Moorish history and culture besides the slave trade. But I will not edit the article, I was just trying to make the article inclusive. |
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::::::::https://www.nationalgeographic.com/history/article/who-were-moors ] (]) 22:07, 6 September 2023 (UTC) |
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::::::::Yes, let's please not conflate racist European artwork and dubious associated terms with the subject here. The connection is tenuous beyond the name. ] (]) 06:00, 7 September 2023 (UTC) |
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== Moor Means Black == |
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Academic sources clearly name both Abu Yusuf of the Benimerines and al Murtada of the Almohades. |
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's A Dictionary Of The English Language (1755, ) definition of Moor: |
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Can someone please label this image > ] with Abu Yusuf's name? 'Abu Yusuf, the emir of the Benimerines, is defeated in Morocco by Christian knights bearing the banner of Holy Mary' >https://books.google.co.tz/books?redir_esc=y&id=7Q7tDcPIEgMC&q=abu+yusuf#v=snippet&q=abu%20yusuf&f=false |
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MOOR. n.s. |
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Rightfully restore the pictures of Umar al Murtada as well > https://books.google.co.tz/books?redir_esc=y&id=7Q7tDcPIEgMC&q=abu+yusuf#v=snippet&q=al-Murtada&f=false. ] (]) 04:55, 26 November 2024 (UTC) |
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1. A marsh; a fen; a bog; a tract of low and watry grounds. |
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:idk why my previous edit request was deleted but. but I think the sources in it are relevant so I will post them again. to further prove it's al murtada |
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'''2. A negro; a black-a-moor.''' |
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:Please bring back the image that was removed here https://en.wikipedia.org/search/?title=Moors&oldid=1254751943 |
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:This image was removed after an Afrocentrist YouTube channel spread the baseless claim that this photo doesn't depict Almohad Sultan but rather Visigothic or Levantine scholars in Spain. Their only argument was the fact that the poems don't mention him by name. |
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:I will provide the historical context and evidence to prove that this is false and the person depicted is indeed Almohad sultan Al-Murtada. |
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:Cantiga 181 of the Cantigas de Santa Maria of Alfonso X is titled "The Banner of the Virgin Defeats the Moors at Marrakesh". |
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:source: |
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:<ref>{{cite web |title=Cantiga 181 - The Banner of the Virgin Defeats the Moors at Marrakesh |url=https://csm.mml.ox.ac.uk/index.php?narOption=nar&p=poemdata_view&rec=181 |website=The Oxford Cantigas de Santa Maria Database |publisher=Center for the Study of the Cantigas de Santa Maria of Oxford University}}</ref> |
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:<ref>{{cite web |title=Cantiga 181 of the Cantigas de Santa Maria of Alfonso X - The Banner of the Virgin Defeats the Moors at Marrakesh |url=https://warfarewest.x10host.com/Cantiga/Cantigas_de_Santa_Maria-181.htm}}</ref> |
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:The text goes as follows: |
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:<blockquote> |
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:The King of Marrakech was at war with another king. |
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:The other king had crossed the Morabe River with a huge army and had laid siege to the city. |
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:The king of Marrakech was advised to go out from the city with his best warriors to do battle. He was to take the banner of Holy Mary and to be accompanied by Christians carrying crosses. |
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:The King followed this advice, and when the banner of Holy Mary was unfurled, the army of the other king was defeated. Many of his men were killed and they lost their tents and possessions. |
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:others, seeing the banner and crosses, fled in great haste. |
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:In this way, the Virgin helped her friends, even though they were of another faith. |
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:</blockquote> |
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:The poem talks about the battle between the Almohads and Marinids that took place near Marrakesh in the year 1262. When the Marinid sultan Abu Yusuf attempted to invade Marrakesh which was still held by the last Almohad sultan Abu Hafs Umar al-Murtada. |
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:source: |
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:The historian Joseph F O'Callaghan talks about this event in his book. "Alfonso X and the Cantigas de Santa Maria: A Poetic Biography". In Chapter 7 "The Rise of the Benimerines" page 135 he says: |
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:<blockquote> |
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:The invasion of the peninsula in mid-May 1275 by the Benimerines, a new Muslim dynasty from Morocco, dictated the urgency of the king’s movements. The Bani Marin or Marinids, whom the Castilians knew as the Benimerines, rose to power in Morocco on the ashes of the disintegrating Almohad empire. When Alfonso X sent his expedition to Salé in 1260, Abu Yusuf Ya‘qub b. ‘Abd al-Haqq (1258-1286), the emir of the Benimerines, was establishing his rule in that region and occupied Salé after the Castilians abandoned it. |
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:CSM 169.53 described Abu Yusuf as lord of Salé—“o sennor de Cale.” His struggle to overthrow the Almohads extended over a period of years and was not completed until 1269.” |
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:'''With some satisfaction CSM 181''', without mentioning his name, relates the story of a major defeat that Abu Yusuf suffered when he besieged Marrakech—“na cidade de Marrocos que e mui grand’ e fremosa” (6)—at an unknown date, perhaps in 1262 or 1264.?” This richly |
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:illuminated cantiga shows the encampment of the turbanned and bearded Benimerines, armed with shields, lances, and pennants (panel 1). '''Abu Yusuf’s opponent, presumably al-Murtada, the last of the Almohad caliphs (d. 1268), is depicted with turban and beard and sitting crosslegged as his counselors urge him to give battle, but first to order the Christians of the city to bring out the banner of the Virgin Mary and the crosses from the church:''' |
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:E porend’ os de Marrocos al Rei tal conssello davan que saisse da cidade con béa gent’ esleuda |
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:D’armas e que mantenente cono outro rei lidasse |
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:e logo fora da vila a sina sacar mandasse |
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:da Virgen Santa Mana, e que per ren non dultasse que os logo non vencesse, pois la ouvesse tenduda; |
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:Demais, que sair fezesse dos crischdos o concello conas cruzes da eigreja (17-26). |
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:In the panels (3-6) portraying the confrontation of the two armies, a body of mounted warriors dressed in mail and bowled helmets carries two crosses and a red banner showing the Virgin Mary seated on a gold throne with her Child in her lap.*® Clearly these are Christian soldiers in the service of the Almohad caliph. Filled with great fear when they saw the Christian symbols, the enemy fled in disorder, leaving their tents behind. “Many of that ugly and bearded people died there”—“‘e morreu _y muita gente dessa fea e barvuda’” (33). The poet concluded triumphantly that Mary helps her friends, even those of another faith, who appealed to her: |
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:E assi Santa Maria ajudou a seus amigos, |
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:pero que d’ outra lei eran, a britar seus éemigos |
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:que, macar que eran muitos, nonos pregaron dous figos, e asst for ssa mercee de todos mui connoguda (40-43). |
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:</blockquote> |
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:(text might have errors because it was copied from a pdf) |
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:source: <ref>{{cite book |last1=O'Callaghan |first1=Joseph |title=Alfonso X and the Cantigas de Santa Maria: A Poetic Biography |date=1998 |publisher=Brill |isbn=9789004110236 |pages=135-136 |url=https://archive.org/details/alf_20231212/page/134/mode/2up}}</ref> |
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:As you can see. the panel does indeed depict Almohad sultan al-Murtada consulting his counselors including christian ones from Castille as the Merinids were shared enemies for both Almohads and Castille. Castille was allied with the Almohad sultan Al-Murtada. And this poem talks about how the christians convinced him to let the christian soldiers carry the banner of Holy Virgin Mary. Which according to Castillian was the reason the Almohad army defeated the Marinid army. |
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:I hope the image is brought back as I have provided extensive evidence. And please be careful with Afrocentric vandalization of such articles. ] (]) 12:49, 5 December 2024 (UTC) |
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::Was a consensus reached? As a bot cleared and archived the previous topic for some reason? ] (]) 08:29, 7 December 2024 (UTC) |
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:::Consensus with the melanated Anglo-Saxons with inferiority complex, a.k.a. Afrocentrists? Are you kidding? The We Wuz Kangz live in a parallel universe. A very WASP one, hilariously. C'mon, Misplaced Pages shouldn't depend on the whims, biases and cynical lies of an Afrocentrist YT channel like "The King's Monologue", the guy who believes that the Moors from the Cantigas are Visigoths (lol, lol, lol) or Levantines, and that the Fayum portraits are 500 years old ( lol, lol, lol). If the Moors being black is an Afrocentrist tenet, that's not Misplaced Pages's problem. ] (]) 11:57, 7 December 2024 (UTC) |
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== The person who made Unsourced Claim == |
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"I shall answer that better than you can the getting up of the negro’s belly; the moor is with child by you. |
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Shakesp." ] (]) 10:24, 28 October 2024 (UTC) |
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The user https://en.wikipedia.org/Special:Contributions/2001:1C00:1E20:D900:D108:E292:4ECE:682B who created topic https://en.wikipedia.org/Talk:Moors#Unsourced_Claim, was stopped for 1 year, because of "Persistent long-time pushing of unreliable sources, bludgeoning of talkpages, block evasion and egregious personal attacks". Therefore should be disregarded, and the picture which was removed on https://en.wikipedia.org/search/?title=Moors&diff=prev&oldid=1254751943 to be restored. ] (]) 08:37, 7 December 2024 (UTC) |
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:What change to the article do you have in mind? |
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:Please note that "moor" is a word of uncertain ] and with varying ]s and ]s in different contexts, which is (or should be) the subject of this article.] (]) 12:50, 28 October 2024 (UTC) |
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::The problem is, there is one connotation that is glaringly missing from the article page. There are many moorish cultural traditions in Europe, from morris dancing to zwarte piet in Holland. |
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::The article could include Saint Maurice. . Also here: . |
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::On Sir Morien: “He was all black, even as I tell ye: his head, his body, and his hands were all black, saving only his teeth. His shield and his armour were even those of a Moor, and black as a raven.”. ] (]) 19:00, 29 October 2024 (UTC) |
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:::Moor doesn't mean black. There are historical references to white Moors and black Moors. These terms are still used in Mauritania today, where the 'white Moors' are Berbers/Arabs who rule the country and 'black Moors' are descendants of black slaves. ] (]) 01:26, 31 October 2024 (UTC) |
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:::Saint Maurice was an Egyptian. He's depicted as white and black in historical artworks. In Egypt the Copts depict him as white. ] (]) 01:29, 31 October 2024 (UTC) |
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Academic sources clearly name both Abu Yusuf of the Benimerines and al Murtada of the Almohades.