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| {{Short description|French anarchist (c. 1880 – 1960)}} | |||
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| {{Infobox person/Wikidata | fetchwikidata=ALL | onlysourced=no}} | |||
| '''Paule Tricheux''' |
'''Paule Tricheux''' (c. 1880 – 1960) was a ] ], ], and ]. She first participated in anarchist groups, then took part in an anarchist experiment in ] during the ], before joining the ] and working to ensure the survival of the French and Spanish anarchist communist movements during the ]. At the end of the war, she actively contributed to the reconstruction of the movement. | ||
| == Biography == | == Biography == | ||
| Born in ], in the ] region, around 1880,<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Dupuy |first=Rolf |url=https://maitron.fr/spip.php?article155783 |title=TRICHEUX Paule |date=2017 |work=] |language=fr }}</ref> Paule Fabre was a seamstress and laundress.<ref name=":0" /> She moved to ] to live in ] with ], whom she married in 1901.<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://infosetanalyseslibertaires.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/ialmai2017no108.pdf |title=Infos et Analyses Libertaires |date=2017 |publisher=Organisation Anarchiste |pages=11 |language=fr}}</ref> In 1919, she returned to ] from ] with her partner<ref name=":0" /> and their three children. In the 1920s, Tricheux joined the Toulouse anarchist group ''Bien-être et Liberté''.<ref name=":0" /> | |||
| She participated in mobilizations advocating for the release of ],<ref name=":0" /> carrying placards at the head of marches.<ref name=":0" /> On the placards she held, she wrote:<ref name=":0" /> “Free the victims of international ]! Long live ], freedom for political prisoners, save Sacco and Vanzetti”. Tricheux also sold '']'' at the Toulouse market every Sunday morning.<ref>{{Citation |title=Le Libertaire |date=1928-03-02 |url=https://www.retronews.fr/journal/le-libertaire/2-mars-1928/1835/3286929/4? |access-date=2024-12-12 |language=fr}}</ref> | |||
| After the Francoist coup and the ], the activist began by raising funds for anarchists.<ref>{{Citation |title=Le Libertaire |date=1936-12-04 |url=https://www.retronews.fr/journal/le-libertaire/4-decembre-1936/1835/3287833/7? |access-date=2024-12-12 |language=fr |archive-date=2024-12-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241214004242/https://www.retronews.fr/journal/le-libertaire/4-decembre-1936/1835/3287833/7 |url-status=live }}</ref> She then joined ], where she took part in organizing an anarchist experiment in the town.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1">{{Cite journal |last=Blanchon |first=Jean-Louis |date=1987 |title=Une expérience libertaire en Cerdagne : Puigcerdà sous le pouvoir des anarchistes (juillet 1936-juin 1937) |url=https://www.persee.fr/doc/anami_0003-4398_1987_num_99_177_2132?q=cnt |journal=Annales du Midi |volume=99 |issue=177 |pages=87–124 |doi=10.3406/anami.1987.2132 |language=fr }}</ref> Notably, she helped women in the community take on greater responsibilities and move beyond traditionally gendered roles.<ref name=":1" /> She also received clothing parcels from France intended to help cover sick or vulnerable individuals.<ref>{{Citation |title=Le Libertaire |date=1937-04-22 |url=https://www.retronews.fr/journal/le-libertaire/22-avril-1937/1835/3287739/5? |access-date=2024-12-12 |language=fr |archive-date=2024-12-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241212180314/https://www.retronews.fr/journal/le-libertaire/22-avril-1937/1835/3287739/5 |url-status=live }}</ref> In June 1937, Tricheux was arrested along with her entire family by ] and remained in detention for six months.<ref name=":0" /> | |||
| During ], she hosted clandestine meetings of the French and Spanish libertarian movements at her farm.<ref name=":0" /> In 1943, she organized one of the key meetings for the reconstitution of the anarchist movement in France.<ref name=":0" /> This "congress", held on 15-19 July 1943, brought together numerous anarchists, including ] and ], to discuss actions to take and whether or not to support other resistance groups.<ref>{{Cite book |title=Anarchisten gegen Hitler: Anarchisten, Anarcho-Syndikalisten, Rätekommunisten in Widerstand und Exil |date=2001 |publisher=Lukas |isbn=978-3-931836-23-8 |editor-last=Graf |editor-first=Andreas G. |edition=Erstausg., 1. Aufl |location=Berlin |pages=86 |language=de }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |access-date=2024-12-12 |date=2021-01-10 |language=fr-FR |last=CNT-AIT |title=Des anarchistes espagnols en Résistance |url=https://cnt-ait.info/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/BRO_ANARCHISTES-ESPANOLS-RESISTANCE-TOME-1.pdf |website=Actualité de l'Anarchosyndicalisme |archive-date=2024-09-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240914012014/https://cnt-ait.info/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/BRO_ANARCHISTES-ESPANOLS-RESISTANCE-TOME-1.pdf |url-status=live }}<!-- auto-translated from French by Module:CS1 translator --></ref> | |||
| She died on 9 August 1960, in ].<ref name=":0" /> | |||
| == Legacy == | |||
| ] paid tribute to her after her death in '']''.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Paule Tricheux n'est plus |url=https://www.monde-libertaire.fr/?page=archives&numarchive=8648 |access-date=2024-12-12 |website=] |language=fr |archive-date=2023-12-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231205022901/https://monde-libertaire.fr/?page=archives&numarchive=8648 |url-status=live }}</ref> | |||
| == References == | == References == | ||
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Latest revision as of 00:03, 22 December 2024
French anarchist (c. 1880 – 1960)| Paule Tricheux | |
|---|---|
| Born | 1880s  Roubia |
| Died | 9 August 1960 Toulouse |
| Occupation | Anarchist, lingère |
| Children | Noëlla Tricheux |
Paule Tricheux (c. 1880 – 1960) was a French seamstress, resistance fighter, and anarchist activist. She first participated in anarchist groups, then took part in an anarchist experiment in Spain during the Spanish Civil War, before joining the Resistance and working to ensure the survival of the French and Spanish anarchist communist movements during the Nazi Occupation. At the end of the war, she actively contributed to the reconstruction of the movement.
Biography
Born in Roubia, in the Aude region, around 1880, Paule Fabre was a seamstress and laundress. She moved to Cuba to live in Havana with Alphonse Tricheux, whom she married in 1901. In 1919, she returned to France from Cuba with her partner and their three children. In the 1920s, Tricheux joined the Toulouse anarchist group Bien-être et Liberté.
She participated in mobilizations advocating for the release of Sacco and Vanzetti, carrying placards at the head of marches. On the placards she held, she wrote: “Free the victims of international capitalism! Long live anarchy, freedom for political prisoners, save Sacco and Vanzetti”. Tricheux also sold Le Libertaire at the Toulouse market every Sunday morning.
After the Francoist coup and the Spanish social revolution, the activist began by raising funds for anarchists. She then joined Puigcerdà, where she took part in organizing an anarchist experiment in the town. Notably, she helped women in the community take on greater responsibilities and move beyond traditionally gendered roles. She also received clothing parcels from France intended to help cover sick or vulnerable individuals. In June 1937, Tricheux was arrested along with her entire family by communists and remained in detention for six months.
During World War II, she hosted clandestine meetings of the French and Spanish libertarian movements at her farm. In 1943, she organized one of the key meetings for the reconstitution of the anarchist movement in France. This "congress", held on 15-19 July 1943, brought together numerous anarchists, including Volin and Jean-René Saulière, to discuss actions to take and whether or not to support other resistance groups.
She died on 9 August 1960, in Toulouse.
Legacy
Maurice Laisant paid tribute to her after her death in Le Monde libertaire.
References
- ^ Dupuy, Rolf (2017). "TRICHEUX Paule [née Fabre]". Dictionnaire des anarchistes (in French).
- Infos et Analyses Libertaires (PDF) (in French). Organisation Anarchiste. 2017. p. 11.
- Le Libertaire (in French), 1928-03-02, retrieved 2024-12-12
- Le Libertaire (in French), 1936-12-04, archived from the original on 2024-12-14, retrieved 2024-12-12
- ^ Blanchon, Jean-Louis (1987). "Une expérience libertaire en Cerdagne : Puigcerdà sous le pouvoir des anarchistes (juillet 1936-juin 1937)". Annales du Midi (in French). 99 (177): 87–124. doi:10.3406/anami.1987.2132.
- Le Libertaire (in French), 1937-04-22, archived from the original on 2024-12-12, retrieved 2024-12-12
- Graf, Andreas G., ed. (2001). Anarchisten gegen Hitler: Anarchisten, Anarcho-Syndikalisten, Rätekommunisten in Widerstand und Exil (in German) (Erstausg., 1. Aufl ed.). Berlin: Lukas. p. 86. ISBN 978-3-931836-23-8.
- CNT-AIT (2021-01-10). "Des anarchistes espagnols en Résistance" (PDF). Actualité de l'Anarchosyndicalisme (in French). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2024-09-14. Retrieved 2024-12-12.
- "Paule Tricheux n'est plus". Le Monde libertaire (in French). Archived from the original on 2023-12-05. Retrieved 2024-12-12.
