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{{short description|Legendary Indian dynasty}}
'''Ikshvaku dynasty''' or ] are the same. First person of this dynasty was Vivswan or Vivaswat. Second was Manu and third was ]. This dynasty is also known as Ikshvaku dynasty. The supreme perceptor of the Ikshvaku dynasty is Sage ]. Other important kings of this dynasty are ], ], ] and ]. ] was their capital. This dynasty also succeeded the ] in the ] in the 3rd century. They were patrons of a ] ] now on the hill at ] on the ].<ref>{{cite web
{{Redirect|Ikshvaku dynasty|early ruling dynasty of Andhra Pradesh|Andhra Ikshvaku|other uses|Ikshvaku (disambiguation)||Suryavamsam (disambiguation)}}
|url=http://www.bartleby.com/67/133.html
{{Lead rewrite|date=December 2022}}
|title=History of the World - South India
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2020}}
|publisher=
{{Use Indian English|date=May 2019}}
|accessdate=2007-01-25
{{Infobox noble house
}}</ref> Since the word ''Ikshvaku'' means ], scholars have suggested that the legend of ] may have originated in the ancient myth of humanity's birth from a bitter gourd. <ref> Sergent, Bernard: Genèse de l'Inde, 1997.</ref>
|surname=House of Ikshvaku
The last famous king of the Ikshvaku dynasty at ] was "Brihadbala", killed during the ] war.<ref>{{cite web
|type=<!-- Royal house, noble house, etc. -->
|url=http://www.smileindia.com/cities/ayodhya/ayodhya.htm
|native_name=Suryavamsha
|title=City of Lord Ram
|native_name_lang=इक्ष्वाकु
|publisher=
|other_name=
|accessdate=2007-01-25
|coat of arms=
}}</ref>
|country=], ], ]
Beginning with the Ikshvaku dynasty, the ] was replaced in royal inscriptions with ].
|styles=''Raja of Kosala''
==Ikshvaku Dynasty Lineage<ref>{{cite book |first=Bhagawan Sri Sathya Sai Baba|title=Ramakatha Rasavahini |year=] |publisher=Sri Sathya Sai Books and Publications Trust |location= Prasanthi Nilayam|isbn=8172081324}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |first=], translated by Arshia Sattar|title=The Ramayana|year=] |publisher=Penguin Books|location=]|isbn=0140298665}}</ref>==
|founded=
|founder=]
|final ruler=] (historical claimant)<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oLU8DwAAQBAJ&q=king+sumitra+mahapadma+nanda&pg=PT14|title=The Valmiki Ramayana, Volume 3|isbn=9789387326286|last1=Debroy|first1=Bibek|date=25 October 2017|publisher=Penguin Random House India Private Limited }}</ref>
|current head=
|dissolution=
|deposition=362 BCE
|cadet branches={{ubl|]}}}}
The '''Solar dynasty''' or '''{{IAST|Sūryavaṃśa}}''' ({{lit|Descendants of the Sun}}; {{langx|sa|सूर्यवंश}}), also called the '''Ikshvaku dynasty''', is a legendary Indian dynasty said to have been founded by ]. In ], it ruled the ] with their capital at ] and later at ]. They prayed to their ] ] (a Hindu ]), after whom the dynasty formed its namesake. Along with the ], the Solar dynasty comprises one of the main lineages of the ] ] in ].<ref name=jain2>{{harvnb|Zimmer|1952|p=218}}</ref>


According to ], the first ''Tirthankara'' of Jainism, ] himself, was King Ikshvaku. Twenty-one further ''Tirthankaras'' were born in this dynasty.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OGsrAAAAIAAJ&q=Rishabhanatha+founder+of+Jainism|title = Riṣabha Deva, the Founder of Jainism|last1 = Jain|first1 = Champat Rai|year = 1929}}</ref><ref name="jain1">{{harvnb|Zimmer|1952|p=220}}</ref>
* Lord Brahma created 10 <i> prajapatis</i> - one of whom was ].


According to Buddhist literature, ] descended from the this dynasty.
* ] is the son of ] and Kala. Kashyapa is regarded as the father of humanity.


The important personalities belonging to this royal house are ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ],<ref name="hind2"> ] translated by ] (1883 -1896), Book 3: Vana Parva: Tirtha-yatra Parva: Section CVI, '''p. 228''' 'There was born in the family of the '''Ikshaku''', a ruler of the earth named '''Sagara''', endued with beauty, and strength...".</ref> ], ], ], and ]. Both the Hindu ] and the ] texts include ], Gautama Buddha, and ] in their accounts of the Ikshvaku dynasty but, according to the Buddhist texts, ], an ancestor of Ikshvaku who was elected by the people as the first king of the present era, was the founder of this dynasty.<ref name="Malalasekera1">{{cite book|last=Malalasekera|first=G. P.|title=Dictionary of Pāli Proper Names: A-Dh|year=2007|orig-year=1937|publisher=Motilal Banarsidass|location=Delhi|isbn=978-81-208-3021-9|pages=461–2|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=up5O9zrSX80C&q=Okkaka&pg=PA461}}</ref>
* Vivasvan or ] is the son of ] and ]. is


==Origins==
* ] or Vaivaswatha Manu is the son of Vivasvan. He is regarded as the first ruler belonging to the Ikshvaku dynasty.
{{Hinduism small}}


Suryavamsha, or the Solar Dynasty, is one of the two major legendary ] dynasties found in Hindu Puranic and epic literature, the other being Chandravamsha or the ]. According to ''Harivamsa'', ] is considered the primogenitor of the dynasty of, and was granted the kingdom of Aryavarta by his father ]. Manu settled down in the ] region after he survived the great flood. ] states that Manu is the one who built a city on the ] (being the river that his mother Sanjana was the goddess of) and called it ] meaning the 'invincible city'. This city served as the capital of many kings from the solar dynasty and is also believed to be the birthplace of ].{{sfn|A.K.Mazumdar|2008|p=161}}
* ] is the son of ] and established his kingdom in ]


Some Hindu texts suggest Rishi ], one of the seven sages and first human creations of ] as the progenitor of the dynasty. Marichi's eldest son ] is said to have settled down in Kashmir (Kashyapa-Meru or Kashyameru). He also contributed to the verses of the Vedas. Later, ], son of Kashyapa and Aditi, famously known as the Hindu god ] married ] who was the daughter of ], the architect of devas. He had many children but Manu was given the responsibility of building the civilization and as a result it formed a dynasty that was named 'Suryavamsha' or the solar dynasty. Manu is also the progenitor of the Lunar Dynasty because he married his daughter ] to ], the son of ] or the moon god and the couple gave birth to the magnanimous King ] who became the first king of the Chandravamsha, or the Lunar dynasty.{{sfn|A.K.Mazumdar|2008|p=159}}
* ] is the son of ]


==Historical claimants==
* ] is the son of ]
After the death of the powerful king ] and disappearance of his successor ] after defeating the ]s, the kingdom of ] declined. King Sumitra, who regarded himself to be the last Suryavamsha ruler, was defeated by the powerful emperor ] of ] in 362 BCE. However, he wasn't killed, and fled to ], located in present-day ].<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oLU8DwAAQBAJ&q=king+sumitra+mahapadma+nanda&pg=PT14|title=The Valmiki Ramayana, Volume 3|isbn=9789387326286|last1=Debroy|first1=Bibek|date=25 October 2017|publisher=Penguin Random House India Private Limited }}</ref>


==Bhagavata Purana==
* Bana is the son of ]
Ikshvaku and his ancestor Manu are also mentioned in the ] (Canto 9, Chapter 1),


{{Verse translation|योऽसौ सत्यव्रतो नाम राजर्षिर्द्रविडेश्वर: ।
* Anaranya is the son of Bana
ज्ञानं योऽतीतकल्पान्ते लेभे पुरुषसेवया ॥


स वै विवस्वत: पुत्रो मनुरासीदिति श्रुतम् ।
* Prithu is the son of Anaranya
त्वत्तस्तस्य सुता:प्रोक्ता इक्ष्वाकुप्रमुखा नृपा: ॥


yo ’sau satyavrato nāma
* Trisanku is the son of Prithu
rājarṣir draviḍeśvaraḥ
jñānaṁ yo ’tīta-kalpānte
lebhe puruṣa-sevayā


sa vai vivasvataḥ putro
* Dhundhumara is the son of Trisanku
manur āsīd iti śrutam
tvattas tasya sutāḥ proktā
ikṣvāku-pramukhā nṛpāḥ|Satyavrata, the saintly king of ], received spiritual knowledge at the end of the last millennium by the grace of the Supreme.


* Yuvanaswa is the son of Dhundhumara He became known as Vaivasvata Manu, the son of Vivasvān.


In the next manvantara , I will have received this knowledge from you.
* Mandhata is the son of Yuvanaswa


I also understand that such kings as Ikṣvāku were his sons, as you have already explained.}}<ref>{{Cite web|title=ŚB 9.1.2-3|url=https://vedabase.io/en/library/sb/9/1/2-3/|access-date=2021-02-04|website=vedabase.io|language=en}}</ref>
* Susandhi is the son of Mandhata


== Buddhism ==
* Daivasandhi and Presenjit are the sons of Susandhi
The Buddhist text, ] and ] (II, 1–24) traces the origin of the ]s to king Okkaka (Pali equivalent to Sanskrit Ikshvaku) and gives their genealogy from Mahasammata, an ancestor of Okkaka. This list comprises the names of a number of prominent kings of the Ikshvaku dynasty, namely, ] and Sagara.<ref>Law, B.C. (1973). ''Tribes in Ancient India'', Bhandarkar Oriental Series No.4, Poona: Bhandarkar Oriental Research Institute, p.246</ref> The genealogy according to the Mahavamsa is as follows:<ref>Misra, V.S. (2007). ''Ancient Indian Dynasties'', Mumbai: Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan, {{ISBN|81-7276-413-8}}, p.286</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://lakdiva.org/mahavamsa/chap002.html|title=Mahavamsa, Chapter II|last=Geiger|first=Wilhelm (tr.)|year=1912|publisher=Ceylon Government Information Dept., Colombo (in lakdvia.org website)|access-date=2009-10-26}}</ref>
# ]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.palikanon.com/english/pali_names/o/okkaaka.htm|title=Okkāka|publisher=Palikanon|access-date=2019-08-13}}</ref>
# Okkāmukha
# Sivisamjaya
# Sihassara
# Jayasena
#]
# ]
# ]
# ]


== Jainism ==
* Bharatha is the son of Presenjit
]
], the first ], is identified with King Ikshvaku and the founder of the Ikshvaku dynasty. The earliest recorded reference to the Ikshvaku dynasty can be found in the ''Swayambhustotra'', a Sanskrit epic poem composed by Acharya ], a Jain poet originally from ]. The Swayambhustotra praises the 24 Tirthankaras, including Rishabhanatha, and mentions the lineage of the Ikshvaku dynasty:


Rishabhanatha or Ikshvaku, the first of the kings of the Ikshvaku dynasty, was the seeker of liberation, won over His senses to get established in the pure Self, independent, endured afflictions, and steadfast in His resolve. He relinquished the expanse of the faithful lady earth, clothed,
* Asita is the son of Bharatha
as it were, up to the ocean, and embraced the noble asceticism.<ref>{{cite web |year=2015 |title=Svayambhūstotra (स्वयम्भूस्तोत्र) |url=https://archive.org/details/Svayambhu/page/n29/mode/1up}}</ref> The ] dynasty has a significant place in ], as twenty-two Tirthankaras were born in this dynasty.{{sfn|Jain|1991|p=2}}


*Origin
* Sagara is the son of Asitha
**] (son of King ]), the founder of ] in the present '']'' era (descending half time cycle as per Jain cosmology and '']'' in hindu cosmology) is said to have founded the Ikshvaku dynasty. The name for the Ikshvaku dynasty comes from the word ''ikhsu'' (sugarcane), another name of Rishabhanatha,{{sfn|Jain|1991|p=5}} because he taught people how to extract ''ikshu-rasa'' (sugarcane-juice).{{sfn|Shah|2004|p=15}}
** ] (first ]) and ] (first ]), sons of Rishabha
**] and ], son of ]
*at the time of ]
**Jitashatru (father of Ajitanatha) and his younger brother Sumitra (father of Sagara)
**] (the 2nd ]) and ] (2nd Chakravartin)
**Janhu (eldest son of Sagara), the one who flooded village of Nagas with waters of ] leading to turning of sixty thousand sons of Sagara into ashes by Jawalanprabha (emperor of Nagas)
**] (eldest grandson of Sagara)
*at the time of Sambhavanatha
**Jitari (father of Sambhavanatha)
**], the 3rd ]
*at the time of Abhinandananatha
**Sanvara (father of Abhinandananatha)
**], the 4th ]
*at the time of Sumatinatha
**Megha (father of Sumatinatha)
**], the 5th ]
*at the time of Padmaprabha
**Sidhara (father of Padmaprabha)
**], the 6th ]
*at the time of Suparshvanatha
**Pratishtha (father of Suparshvanatha)
**], the 7th ]
*at the time of Chandraprabha
**Mahasena (father of Chanraprabha)
**], the 8th ]
*at the time of Pushpadanta
**Sugriva (father of Pushpadanta)
**], the 9th ]
*at the time of Shitalanatha
**Dridharatha (father of Shitalnatha)
**], the 10th ]
*at the time of Shreyanasanatha
**Vishnu (father of Shreyanasanatha)
**], the 11th ]
*at the time of Vasupujya
**Vasupujya (father of Tirthankara Vasupujya)
**], the 12th ]
*at the time of Vimalanatha
**] (father of Vimalanatha)
**], the 13th ]
*at the time of Anantanatha
**Simhasena (father of Anantanatha)
**], the 14th ]
*at the time of Dharmanatha
**Bhanu (father of Dharmanatha)
**], the 15th ]
*at the time of Shantinatha
**Vishvasena (father of Shantinatha)
**], the 16th ] and 5th Chakravarti
** Chakrayudha, son of Shantinatha
** Kuruchandra, son of Chakrayudha<ref>{{citation|last=Shah|first=Chandraprakash|url=http://www.jainsamaj.org/rpg_site/literature2.php?id=1403&cat=42|title=Shri Shantinatha, 16th Tirthankara}}</ref>
*at the time of Kunthunatha
**Sura (father of Kunthunatha)
**], the 17th ] and 6th Chakravarti
*at the time of Aranatha
**Sudarsana (father of Aranatha)
**], the 18th ] and 7th Chakravarti
*at the time of Mallinatha
**Kumbha (father of Mallinatha)
**], the 19th ]
*at the time of ]
** ] (father of Rama)
** ], the 8th ]
** ], the 8th ]
** ] (son of Rama)
** ] (son of Rama)
*at the time of Naminatha
**Vijaya (father of Naminatha)
**], the 21st ]
*at the time of Parshvanatha
**Asvasena (father of Parshvanatha)
**], the 23rd ]
*at the time of Mahavira
**] (father of Mahavira)
**], the 24th ]


== Rulers ==
* Asamanja is the son of Sagara
{{see also|Ancestors of Rama|List of Ikshvaku dynasty kings in Hinduism}}


=== Suryavanshi Kings before Lord ] ===
* Amsumantha (Ansuman) is the son of Asamanja
{{div col|colwidth=30em|small=yes}}
# ] or Satyavrata or ]<ref>{{citation |editor-last=Doniger |editor-first=Wendy |editor-link=Wendy Doniger |title=Purana Perennis: Reciprocity and Transformation in Hindu and Jaina Texts |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-kZFzHCuiFAC |year=1993 |publisher=] |isbn=0-7914-1381-0}}</ref>
# ]
# Kukshi<ref>], ],verse 70</ref> or Vikukshi{{efn|Vikukshi is the son of Kukshi in the Balakanda.}} or Śaśāda
# Bāna or Shakuni
# Kakutstha or Puranjaya (Purañjaya) or Anaranya I
# Anena (Anenā){{efn|also depicted as son of Vikukshi}}
# Prithu (Pṛthu)
# Vishtarashva (Viṣṭarāśva), Visvarandhi, or Viśvagandhi
# Chandra (Cāndra-yuvanāśva)
# Yuvanashva I (Yuvanāśva)
# Shravasta (Śrāvasta)
# Brihadashva (Bṛhadaśva)
# Dhundumār (Dhundhumāra) or Kuvalayashva (Kuvalayāśva)
# Dhreedhashva (Dṛḍhāśva) or Kapilashva (Kapilāśva) or Bhadrashva (Bhadrāśva)
# Pramoda
# Haryashva I
# Nikumbha
# Baharnashva (Barhaṇāśva)
# Giritashva
# Amitashva (Amitāśva)
# Krishashva (Kṛśāśva) or Akrutashva
# Prasenajit I
# Yuvanashva II
# ]
# Purukutsa I (or Vasuda) and ]
# ]
# Trasadasyu
# Sambhruta
# ] II
# Preeshadashva
# Haryashva II
# Hastya
# Sumana
# Tridhanva
# Trayyaruni
# ] or Satyavrata II
# ]
# ]
# Harita
# Chanchu
# Chakshu or Sudeva
# Vijaya
# Ruruka or Brahuka
# Pratapendra
# Bruka
# Sushandhi
# Bahuka
# Vrika or Bharata II
# ] or Asita
# ]
# ]
# Dilipa I
# ]
# Suhotra
# Shruti
# Kukutsa II
# Raghu I
# Nabhaga
# Ambarisha II
# Shindhudvipa
# Ayutayu
# Pratayu
# ]
# Sarvakama I
# Sudasa
# ]
# Asmaka (Aśmaka)
# Mulaka or Sarvakama II
# Dasharatha I
# Ilibil or Ananaranya III
# Vishvamashaha
# Nidhna
# Animitra (Anamitra)
# Duliduh or Mūlaka
# ] or Dirghabhahu or Khaṭvāṅga
# ]
# ]
# ] II
# ] III
# ]
{{div col end}}


=== Suryavanshi Kings after Lord ] ===
* Dileepa is the son of Amsumantha
{{div col|colwidth=20em|small=yes}}
# ] and ]
# Atithi
# Nishadha
# Nala II
# Nabhas
# Paundrika
# Kshemadhanva
# Devanika
# Ahinagu
# Ruru
# Pariyatra
# Sala
# Dala
# Bala
# Uktha
# Sahasrasva
# Para II
# Chandravaloka
# Rudraksh
# Chandragiri
# Banuchandra
# Srutayu
# Uluka
# Unnabha
# Vajranabha
# Sankhana
# Vyusitasva
# Visvasaha
# Hiranyanabha Kausalya
# Para III
# Brahmistha
# Putra
# Pusya
# Arthasidhi
# Dhruvasandhi
# Sudarsana
# Agnivarna
# Sighraga
# Maru
# Parsusruta
# Susandhi
# Amarsana
# Mahasvana
# Sahasvana
# Visrutvana
# Visvabhava
# Visvasahva
# ]
# ]
{{div col end}}


== See also ==
* Bhagiratha is the son of Dileepa
* ]
* ]
* ]
* ]
* ]
* ]
* ]
* ]


== Notes ==
* Kakustha is the son of Bhagiratha
{{notelist}}


== References ==
* Raghu is the son of Kakushta. The clan of Raghuvamsha started with Raghu
{{reflist|30em}}


== Sources ==
* Pravardha is the sone of Raghu
{{refbegin}}
* {{citation|last=Zimmer|first=Heinrich|author-link=Heinrich Zimmer|title=Philosophies of India|year=1952|editor=Joseph Campbell|publisher=Routledge & Kegan Paul Ltd|location=] |url=https://archive.org/details/Philosophy.of.India.by.Heinrich.Zimmer|isbn=978-81-208-0739-6}}
* {{citation|last=Shah|first=Natubhai|title=Jainism: The World of Conquerors|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qLNQKGcDIhsC|year=2004|publisher=]|isbn=978-81-208-1938-2}}
* {{citation|last=Jain|first=Kailash Chand|title=Lord Mahavira and his times|year=1991|isbn=978-81-208-0805-8|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8-TxcO9dfrcC|publisher=]|location=]}}
* {{cite book |author=A.K.Mazumdar |title=The Hindu history|year=2008|publisher=Rupa Publications India |isbn=978-81-86772-17-1 }}
{{refend}}


{{S-start}}
* Sankhana is the son of Pravardha
{{Succession box
| title = Ikshvaku Dynasty
| years =
| before = ] (in Jainism)
| after = }}
{{S-end}}


{{Suryavamsha}}
* Sudarsana is the son of Sankhana


== External links ==
* Agnivarna is the son of Sudarsana
* {{Commons category-inline|Solar dynasty}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Ikshvaku Dynasty}}
* Seeghraga is the son of Agnivarna
]

]
* Maru is the son of Seeghraga
]

]
* Prasusruka is the son of Maru
]

]
* Ambarisha is the son of Prasusruka
]

* Nahusha is the son of Ambarisha

* Yayathi is the son of Nahusha

* Nabhaga is the son of Yayathi

* Aja is the son of Nabhaga

* Dasaratha is the son of Aja

* Rama, Lakshmana, Bharatha and Satrughna are the sons of Dasaratha

===Lineage Descrepencies===

From the 2 sources listed above, there are differences which needs to be resolved for accuracy of above data. The following is the list of descrepencies:

* Valmiki Ramayana states that Prthu is the son of Anaranya and father of Trisanku. Ramakatha Rasavahini misses Prthu and states that Anaranya fathered Trisanku

* Valmiki Ramayana states that Presenjit is the father of Bharatha while Ramakatha Rasavahini statest Daivasandhi as the father of Bharatha

* Valmiki Ramayana states that Sankhana is the son of Pravardha and Sankhana's son was Sudarsana. Ramakatha Rasavahini misses mentioning Sankhana and attributes Sudarsana as the son of Pravardha

* Seeghraga is mentioned as the son of Agnivarna & father of Maru in Ramakatha Rasavahini. Valmiki Ramayana does not mention Seeghraga and states that Maru's father was Agnivarna

==Notes==
<references/>

----
{{india-stub}}
<br>
{{Hindu-myth-stub}}
<br>
]

Latest revision as of 09:26, 21 November 2024

Legendary Indian dynasty "Ikshvaku dynasty" redirects here. For early ruling dynasty of Andhra Pradesh, see Andhra Ikshvaku. For other uses, see Ikshvaku (disambiguation). For other uses, see Suryavamsam (disambiguation).
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House of Ikshvaku
Suryavamsha
CountryKingdom of Kosala, Kingdom of Videha, Shakya Kingdom
FounderIkshvaku
Final rulerSumitra (historical claimant)
Style(s)Raja of Kosala
Deposition362 BCE
Cadet branches

The Solar dynasty or Sūryavaṃśa (lit. 'Descendants of the Sun'; Sanskrit: सूर्यवंश), also called the Ikshvaku dynasty, is a legendary Indian dynasty said to have been founded by Ikshvaku. In Hindu literature, it ruled the Kosala Kingdom with their capital at Ayodhya and later at Shravasti. They prayed to their clan deity Surya (a Hindu solar deity), after whom the dynasty formed its namesake. Along with the Lunar dynasty, the Solar dynasty comprises one of the main lineages of the Kshatriya varna in Hinduism.

According to Jain literature, the first Tirthankara of Jainism, Rishabhanatha himself, was King Ikshvaku. Twenty-one further Tirthankaras were born in this dynasty.

According to Buddhist literature, Gautama Buddha descended from the this dynasty.

The important personalities belonging to this royal house are Mandhatri, Muchukunda, Ambarisha, Bharata, Bahubali, Harishchandra, Dilīpa, Sagara, Raghu, Dasharatha, Rama, and Pasenadi. Both the Hindu Puranas and the Buddhist texts include Shuddodhana, Gautama Buddha, and Rahula in their accounts of the Ikshvaku dynasty but, according to the Buddhist texts, Mahasammata, an ancestor of Ikshvaku who was elected by the people as the first king of the present era, was the founder of this dynasty.

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Suryavamsha, or the Solar Dynasty, is one of the two major legendary Kshatriya dynasties found in Hindu Puranic and epic literature, the other being Chandravamsha or the Lunar dynasty. According to Harivamsa, Ikshvaku is considered the primogenitor of the dynasty of, and was granted the kingdom of Aryavarta by his father Vaivasvata Manu. Manu settled down in the Aryavarta region after he survived the great flood. A. K. Mozumdar states that Manu is the one who built a city on the Sarayu (being the river that his mother Sanjana was the goddess of) and called it Ayodhya meaning the 'invincible city'. This city served as the capital of many kings from the solar dynasty and is also believed to be the birthplace of Rama.

Some Hindu texts suggest Rishi Marichi, one of the seven sages and first human creations of Brahma as the progenitor of the dynasty. Marichi's eldest son Kashyapa is said to have settled down in Kashmir (Kashyapa-Meru or Kashyameru). He also contributed to the verses of the Vedas. Later, Vivasvan, son of Kashyapa and Aditi, famously known as the Hindu god Surya married Saranyu who was the daughter of Vishvakarman, the architect of devas. He had many children but Manu was given the responsibility of building the civilization and as a result it formed a dynasty that was named 'Suryavamsha' or the solar dynasty. Manu is also the progenitor of the Lunar Dynasty because he married his daughter Ila to Budha, the son of Chandra or the moon god and the couple gave birth to the magnanimous King Pururavas who became the first king of the Chandravamsha, or the Lunar dynasty.

Historical claimants

After the death of the powerful king Prasenjit and disappearance of his successor Viḍūḍabha after defeating the Shakyas, the kingdom of Kosala declined. King Sumitra, who regarded himself to be the last Suryavamsha ruler, was defeated by the powerful emperor Mahapadma Nanda of Magadha in 362 BCE. However, he wasn't killed, and fled to Rohtas, located in present-day Bihar.

Bhagavata Purana

Ikshvaku and his ancestor Manu are also mentioned in the Bhagavata Purana (Canto 9, Chapter 1),

योऽसौ सत्यव्रतो नाम राजर्षिर्द्रविडेश्वर: ।
ज्ञानं योऽतीतकल्पान्ते लेभे पुरुषसेवया ॥

स वै विवस्वत: पुत्रो मनुरासीदिति श्रुतम् ।
त्वत्तस्तस्य सुता:प्रोक्ता इक्ष्वाकुप्रमुखा नृपा: ॥

yo ’sau satyavrato nāma
rājarṣir draviḍeśvaraḥ
jñānaṁ yo ’tīta-kalpānte
lebhe puruṣa-sevayā

sa vai vivasvataḥ putro
manur āsīd iti śrutam
tvattas tasya sutāḥ proktā
ikṣvāku-pramukhā nṛpāḥ

Satyavrata, the saintly king of Dravida kingdom, received spiritual knowledge at the end of the last millennium by the grace of the Supreme.

He became known as Vaivasvata Manu, the son of Vivasvān.

In the next manvantara , I will have received this knowledge from you.

I also understand that such kings as Ikṣvāku were his sons, as you have already explained.

Buddhism

The Buddhist text, Buddhavaṃsa and Mahāvaṃsa (II, 1–24) traces the origin of the Shakyas to king Okkaka (Pali equivalent to Sanskrit Ikshvaku) and gives their genealogy from Mahasammata, an ancestor of Okkaka. This list comprises the names of a number of prominent kings of the Ikshvaku dynasty, namely, Mandhata and Sagara. The genealogy according to the Mahavamsa is as follows:

  1. Okkāka
  2. Okkāmukha
  3. Sivisamjaya
  4. Sihassara
  5. Jayasena
  6. Sihahanu
  7. Suddhodana
  8. Gautama Buddha
  9. Rāhula

Jainism

Medieval era Indian art depicting King Ikshvaku (Rishabhanatha) imparting the skill of pottery to his people.

Rishabhanatha, the first Tirthankara, is identified with King Ikshvaku and the founder of the Ikshvaku dynasty. The earliest recorded reference to the Ikshvaku dynasty can be found in the Swayambhustotra, a Sanskrit epic poem composed by Acharya Samantabhadra, a Jain poet originally from Tamil Nadu. The Swayambhustotra praises the 24 Tirthankaras, including Rishabhanatha, and mentions the lineage of the Ikshvaku dynasty:

Rishabhanatha or Ikshvaku, the first of the kings of the Ikshvaku dynasty, was the seeker of liberation, won over His senses to get established in the pure Self, independent, endured afflictions, and steadfast in His resolve. He relinquished the expanse of the faithful lady earth, clothed, as it were, up to the ocean, and embraced the noble asceticism. The Ikshvaku dynasty has a significant place in Jainism, as twenty-two Tirthankaras were born in this dynasty.

Rulers

See also: Ancestors of Rama and List of Ikshvaku dynasty kings in Hinduism

Suryavanshi Kings before Lord Rama

  1. Vaivasvata Manu or Satyavrata or Nabhi
  2. Ikshvaku
  3. Kukshi or Vikukshi or Śaśāda
  4. Bāna or Shakuni
  5. Kakutstha or Puranjaya (Purañjaya) or Anaranya I
  6. Anena (Anenā)
  7. Prithu (Pṛthu)
  8. Vishtarashva (Viṣṭarāśva), Visvarandhi, or Viśvagandhi
  9. Chandra (Cāndra-yuvanāśva)
  10. Yuvanashva I (Yuvanāśva)
  11. Shravasta (Śrāvasta)
  12. Brihadashva (Bṛhadaśva)
  13. Dhundumār (Dhundhumāra) or Kuvalayashva (Kuvalayāśva)
  14. Dhreedhashva (Dṛḍhāśva) or Kapilashva (Kapilāśva) or Bhadrashva (Bhadrāśva)
  15. Pramoda
  16. Haryashva I
  17. Nikumbha
  18. Baharnashva (Barhaṇāśva)
  19. Giritashva
  20. Amitashva (Amitāśva)
  21. Krishashva (Kṛśāśva) or Akrutashva
  22. Prasenajit I
  23. Yuvanashva II
  24. Mandhata
  25. Purukutsa I (or Vasuda) and Muchukunda
  26. Ambarisha
  27. Trasadasyu
  28. Sambhruta
  29. Anaranya II
  30. Preeshadashva
  31. Haryashva II
  32. Hastya
  33. Sumana
  34. Tridhanva
  35. Trayyaruni
  36. Trishanku or Satyavrata II
  37. Harishchandra
  38. Rohitashva
  39. Harita
  40. Chanchu
  41. Chakshu or Sudeva
  42. Vijaya
  43. Ruruka or Brahuka
  44. Pratapendra
  45. Bruka
  46. Sushandhi
  47. Bahuka
  48. Vrika or Bharata II
  49. Bahu or Asita
  50. Sagara
  51. Amshuman
  52. Dilipa I
  53. Bhagiratha
  54. Suhotra
  55. Shruti
  56. Kukutsa II
  57. Raghu I
  58. Nabhaga
  59. Ambarisha II
  60. Shindhudvipa
  61. Ayutayu
  62. Pratayu
  63. Rituparna
  64. Sarvakama I
  65. Sudasa
  66. Kalmashapada
  67. Asmaka (Aśmaka)
  68. Mulaka or Sarvakama II
  69. Dasharatha I
  70. Ilibil or Ananaranya III
  71. Vishvamashaha
  72. Nidhna
  73. Animitra (Anamitra)
  74. Duliduh or Mūlaka
  75. Dilipa II or Dirghabhahu or Khaṭvāṅga
  76. Raghu II
  77. Aja
  78. Dasharatha II
  79. Bharata III
  80. Rama

Suryavanshi Kings after Lord Rama

  1. Kusha and Lava
  2. Atithi
  3. Nishadha
  4. Nala II
  5. Nabhas
  6. Paundrika
  7. Kshemadhanva
  8. Devanika
  9. Ahinagu
  10. Ruru
  11. Pariyatra
  12. Sala
  13. Dala
  14. Bala
  15. Uktha
  16. Sahasrasva
  17. Para II
  18. Chandravaloka
  19. Rudraksh
  20. Chandragiri
  21. Banuchandra
  22. Srutayu
  23. Uluka
  24. Unnabha
  25. Vajranabha
  26. Sankhana
  27. Vyusitasva
  28. Visvasaha
  29. Hiranyanabha Kausalya
  30. Para III
  31. Brahmistha
  32. Putra
  33. Pusya
  34. Arthasidhi
  35. Dhruvasandhi
  36. Sudarsana
  37. Agnivarna
  38. Sighraga
  39. Maru
  40. Parsusruta
  41. Susandhi
  42. Amarsana
  43. Mahasvana
  44. Sahasvana
  45. Visrutvana
  46. Visvabhava
  47. Visvasahva
  48. Nagnajit
  49. Brihadbala

See also

Notes

  1. Vikukshi is the son of Kukshi in the Balakanda.
  2. also depicted as son of Vikukshi

References

  1. Debroy, Bibek (25 October 2017). The Valmiki Ramayana, Volume 3. Penguin Random House India Private Limited. ISBN 9789387326286.
  2. Zimmer 1952, p. 218
  3. Jain, Champat Rai (1929). "Riṣabha Deva, the Founder of Jainism".
  4. Zimmer 1952, p. 220
  5. Ikshaku tribe The Mahabharata translated by Kisari Mohan Ganguli (1883 -1896), Book 3: Vana Parva: Tirtha-yatra Parva: Section CVI, p. 228 'There was born in the family of the Ikshaku, a ruler of the earth named Sagara, endued with beauty, and strength...".
  6. Malalasekera, G. P. (2007) . Dictionary of Pāli Proper Names: A-Dh. Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass. pp. 461–2. ISBN 978-81-208-3021-9.
  7. A.K.Mazumdar 2008, p. 161.
  8. A.K.Mazumdar 2008, p. 159.
  9. Debroy, Bibek (25 October 2017). The Valmiki Ramayana, Volume 3. Penguin Random House India Private Limited. ISBN 9789387326286.
  10. "ŚB 9.1.2-3". vedabase.io. Retrieved 4 February 2021.
  11. Law, B.C. (1973). Tribes in Ancient India, Bhandarkar Oriental Series No.4, Poona: Bhandarkar Oriental Research Institute, p.246
  12. Misra, V.S. (2007). Ancient Indian Dynasties, Mumbai: Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan, ISBN 81-7276-413-8, p.286
  13. Geiger, Wilhelm (tr.) (1912). "Mahavamsa, Chapter II". Ceylon Government Information Dept., Colombo (in lakdvia.org website). Retrieved 26 October 2009.
  14. "Okkāka". Palikanon. Retrieved 13 August 2019.
  15. "Svayambhūstotra (स्वयम्भूस्तोत्र)". 2015.
  16. Jain 1991, p. 2.
  17. Jain 1991, p. 5.
  18. Shah 2004, p. 15.
  19. Shah, Chandraprakash, Shri Shantinatha, 16th Tirthankara
  20. Doniger, Wendy, ed. (1993), Purana Perennis: Reciprocity and Transformation in Hindu and Jaina Texts, State University of New York Press, ISBN 0-7914-1381-0
  21. Ramayana, Balakanda,verse 70

Sources

Preceded byKulakara (in Jainism) Ikshvaku Dynasty Succeeded by
Genealogy of the Solar Dynasty
Ikshvaku dynasty
in Hinduism
in Jainism
in Buddhism as Shakya

External links

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