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| {{Infobox military conflict | |||
| ⚫ | The '''Siege of Zovk''' took place in 1111, in the fortress of Zovk, between ] and ]. | ||
| {{Battle | |||
| | conflict = Siege of Zovk | | conflict = Siege of Zovk | ||
| | place = ] | | place = ] | ||
| Line 8: | Line 6: | ||
| | result = ] victory | | result = ] victory | ||
| | commander2 = {{Flagicon|Sultanate of Rum}} ] | | commander2 = {{Flagicon|Sultanate of Rum}} ] | ||
| | commander1 = {{Flagicon|Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia}} ]< |
| commander1 = {{Flagicon|Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia}} ]<br />{{Flagicon|Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia}} Apirat Pahlavuni{{KIA}} | ||
| }} | }} | ||
| ⚫ | The '''Siege of Zovk''' took place in 1111, in the fortress of Zovk, between ] and ]. | ||
| == |
==Background== | ||
| For several years ] enjoyed the bounty of his successes in the security of his strongholds. But his tranquillity was again disturbed in 1111 by yet another intrusion by ] of Iconium (Konya). On this occasion Toros's two commanders, Tigran and Abul-Asad were killed in battle.{{Sfn|Ghazarian|2000|page=114}}{{Sfn| |
For several years ] enjoyed the bounty of his successes in the security of his strongholds. But his tranquillity was again disturbed in 1111 by yet another intrusion by ] of Iconium (Konya). On this occasion Toros's two commanders, Tigran and Abul-Asad were killed in battle.{{Sfn|Ghazarian|2000|page=114}}{{Sfn|Isavertenc̣|1878|page=292}} Baron Leo, the brother of ], who at that time was near them, was so much affected by their death, that losing all command of himself, rushed furiously upon the enemy, spreading every where destruction and terror.{{Sfn|Isavertenc̣|1878|page=292}} | ||
| == Siege == | == Siege == | ||
| In retaliation, the Turkish hordes in their flight laid siege to the fortress of Zovk but were badly beaten by the Armenian garrison there commanded by the great Armenian chief Apirat Pahlavuni, grandson of ],<ref>{{Cite book |last=Pynsent |first=Robert B. |url=https://www.google.am/books/edition/Reader_s_Encyclopedia_of_Eastern_Europea/Z4kYAAAAIAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=Apirat+Pahlavuni&dq=Apirat+Pahlavuni&printsec=frontcover |title=Reader's Encyclopedia of Eastern European Literature |last2=Kanikova |first2=Sonia I. |date=1993 |publisher=HarperCollins |isbn=978-0-06-270007-0 |pages=282 |language=en}}</ref> and father to the brothers Grigor and ] (Shnorhali).<ref>{{Cite book |last=Hayrapetean |first=Srbuhi Pōghosi |url=https://www.google.am/books/edition/A_History_of_Armenian_Literature/ecIlAQAAMAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=Apirat+Pahlavuni&dq=Apirat+Pahlavuni&printsec=frontcover |title=A History of Armenian Literature: From Ancient Times to the Nineteenth Century |date=1995 |publisher=Caravan Books |isbn=978-0-88206-059-0 |pages=266 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Nersēs (Shnorhali) |first=Saint |url=https://www.google.am/books/edition/General_Epistle/LsIlAQAAMAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=Apirat+Pahlavuni&dq=Apirat+Pahlavuni&printsec=frontcover |title=General Epistle |date=1996 |publisher=St. Nersess Armenian Seminary |isbn=978-1-885011-02-2 |pages=2 |language=en}}</ref> They, however, were unable to capture the fortress, and at length were obliged to raise the siege, and set forward to other expeditions. But Abirad exposing himself on the walls, was wounded by an arrow, and died.{{Sfn|Yakobos|1878|page=292}} His son Basilius succeeded him in his possessions. A year after this, Basilius the Crafty died, and as he had not children, his government was exercised by the |
In retaliation, the Turkish hordes in their flight laid siege to the fortress of Zovk but were badly beaten by the Armenian garrison there commanded by the great Armenian chief Apirat Pahlavuni, grandson of ],<ref>{{Cite book |last=Pynsent |first=Robert B. |url=https://www.google.am/books/edition/Reader_s_Encyclopedia_of_Eastern_Europea/Z4kYAAAAIAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=Apirat+Pahlavuni&dq=Apirat+Pahlavuni&printsec=frontcover |title=Reader's Encyclopedia of Eastern European Literature |last2=Kanikova |first2=Sonia I. |date=1993 |publisher=HarperCollins |isbn=978-0-06-270007-0 |pages=282 |language=en}}</ref> and father to the brothers Grigor and ] (Shnorhali).<ref>{{Cite book |last=Hayrapetean |first=Srbuhi Pōghosi |url=https://www.google.am/books/edition/A_History_of_Armenian_Literature/ecIlAQAAMAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=Apirat+Pahlavuni&dq=Apirat+Pahlavuni&printsec=frontcover |title=A History of Armenian Literature: From Ancient Times to the Nineteenth Century |date=1995 |publisher=Caravan Books |isbn=978-0-88206-059-0 |pages=266 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Nersēs (Shnorhali) |first=Saint |url=https://www.google.am/books/edition/General_Epistle/LsIlAQAAMAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=Apirat+Pahlavuni&dq=Apirat+Pahlavuni&printsec=frontcover |title=General Epistle |date=1996 |publisher=St. Nersess Armenian Seminary |isbn=978-1-885011-02-2 |pages=2 |language=en}}</ref> They, however, were unable to capture the fortress, and at length were obliged to raise the siege, and set forward to other expeditions. But Abirad exposing himself on the walls, was wounded by an arrow, and died.{{Sfn|Yakobos|1878|page=292}} His son Basilius succeeded him in his possessions. A year after this, Basilius the Crafty died, and as he had not children, his government was exercised by the ] chief, Degha Basilius.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Chʻamchʻyantsʻ |first=Mikʻayel |url=https://www.google.am/books/edition/History_of_Armenia_by_Father_Michael_Cha/EGYqAAAAYAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=Basilius+the+Crafty+died&pg=PA179&printsec=frontcover |title=History of Armenia, by Father Michael Chamich: From B. C. 2247 to the Year of Christ 1780, Or 1229 of the Armenian Era, Tr. from the Original Armenian, by Johannes Avdall |date=1827 |publisher=Printed at Bishop's college Press, by H. Townsend |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Issaverdens |first=James |url=https://www.google.am/books/edition/Armenia_and_the_Armenians/dsLKgz70GuQC?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=Basilius+the+Crafty+died&pg=PA293&printsec=frontcover |title=Armenia and the Armenians: Being a Sketch of Its Geography, History, Church and Literature. I-II |date=1874 |publisher=Print. Armenian Monastery of St Lazarus |language=en}}</ref> | ||
| ==References== | ==References== | ||
| {{Reflist}} | {{Reflist}} | ||
| ===Bibliography=== | ===Bibliography=== | ||
| *{{Cite book |last=Ghazarian |first=Jacob G. |url=https://www.google.am/books/edition/The_Armenian_Kingdom_in_Cilicia_During_t/3W89PVbKLZwC?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=siege+of+Zovk&pg=PA114&printsec=frontcover |title=The Armenian Kingdom in Cilicia During the Crusades: The Integration of Cilician Armenians with the Latins, 1080-1393 |date=2000 |publisher=Psychology Press |isbn=978-0-7007-1418-6 |language=en}} | *{{Cite book |last=Ghazarian |first=Jacob G. |url=https://www.google.am/books/edition/The_Armenian_Kingdom_in_Cilicia_During_t/3W89PVbKLZwC?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=siege+of+Zovk&pg=PA114&printsec=frontcover |title=The Armenian Kingdom in Cilicia During the Crusades: The Integration of Cilician Armenians with the Latins, 1080-1393 |date=2000 |publisher=Psychology Press |isbn=978-0-7007-1418-6 |language=en}} | ||
| *{{Cite book |last=Isavertenc̣ |first=Yakobos |url=https://www.google.am/books/edition/Armenia_and_the_Armenians/ZZMDAAAAQAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=siege+of+Zovk&pg=PA292&printsec=frontcover |title=Armenia and the Armenians |date=1878 |publisher=] |volume=1-2 |language=en}} | *{{Cite book |last=Isavertenc̣ |first=Yakobos |url=https://www.google.am/books/edition/Armenia_and_the_Armenians/ZZMDAAAAQAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=siege+of+Zovk&pg=PA292&printsec=frontcover |title=Armenia and the Armenians |date=1878 |publisher=] |volume=1-2 |language=en}} | ||
| ] | ] | ||
| ] | ] | ||
| ] | ] | ||
| ] | ] | ||
Latest revision as of 13:55, 28 December 2024
| Siege of Zovk | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Part of Armenian-Seljuk wars | |||||||
| |||||||
| Commanders and leaders | |||||||
 Thoros I Apirat Pahlavuni † |
 Malik Shah | ||||||
The Siege of Zovk took place in 1111, in the fortress of Zovk, between Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia and Sultanate of Rum.
Background
For several years Thoros I enjoyed the bounty of his successes in the security of his strongholds. But his tranquillity was again disturbed in 1111 by yet another intrusion by Malik Shah of Iconium (Konya). On this occasion Toros's two commanders, Tigran and Abul-Asad were killed in battle. Baron Leo, the brother of Thoros, who at that time was near them, was so much affected by their death, that losing all command of himself, rushed furiously upon the enemy, spreading every where destruction and terror.
Siege
In retaliation, the Turkish hordes in their flight laid siege to the fortress of Zovk but were badly beaten by the Armenian garrison there commanded by the great Armenian chief Apirat Pahlavuni, grandson of Grigor Magistros, and father to the brothers Grigor and Nerses the Gracious (Shnorhali). They, however, were unable to capture the fortress, and at length were obliged to raise the siege, and set forward to other expeditions. But Abirad exposing himself on the walls, was wounded by an arrow, and died. His son Basilius succeeded him in his possessions. A year after this, Basilius the Crafty died, and as he had not children, his government was exercised by the Kamsarakan chief, Degha Basilius.
References
- Ghazarian 2000, p. 114.
- ^ Isavertenc̣ 1878, p. 292.
- Pynsent, Robert B.; Kanikova, Sonia I. (1993). Reader's Encyclopedia of Eastern European Literature. HarperCollins. p. 282. ISBN 978-0-06-270007-0.
- Hayrapetean, Srbuhi Pōghosi (1995). A History of Armenian Literature: From Ancient Times to the Nineteenth Century. Caravan Books. p. 266. ISBN 978-0-88206-059-0.
- Nersēs (Shnorhali), Saint (1996). General Epistle. St. Nersess Armenian Seminary. p. 2. ISBN 978-1-885011-02-2.
- Yakobos 1878, p. 292. sfn error: no target: CITEREFYakobos1878 (help)
- Chʻamchʻyantsʻ, Mikʻayel (1827). History of Armenia, by Father Michael Chamich: From B. C. 2247 to the Year of Christ 1780, Or 1229 of the Armenian Era, Tr. from the Original Armenian, by Johannes Avdall. Printed at Bishop's college Press, by H. Townsend.
- Issaverdens, James (1874). Armenia and the Armenians: Being a Sketch of Its Geography, History, Church and Literature. I-II. Print. Armenian Monastery of St Lazarus.
Bibliography
- Ghazarian, Jacob G. (2000). The Armenian Kingdom in Cilicia During the Crusades: The Integration of Cilician Armenians with the Latins, 1080-1393. Psychology Press. ISBN 978-0-7007-1418-6.
- Isavertenc̣, Yakobos (1878). Armenia and the Armenians. Vol. 1–2. Oxford University.