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{{Short description|A Subdivision of Ahir Caste in India.}} {{Short description|A Subdivision of Ahir Caste in India.}}
{{Copy edit|date=December 2024}}
'''Kamaria ('''or '''''Kamariya, Kumheria, kamariha'')''' also known as '''Yaduvanshi Thakur'''<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XW7aAAAAMAAJ&q=Yaduvanshi+Thakur|title=Caste Dimensions in a Village|last=Mutatkar|first=Ramchandra Keshav|date=1978|publisher=Shubhada-Saraswat|language=en}}</ref>''',''' is a subdivison of ]<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bgpEIb4tNjgC&dq=kamaria+subdivision+ahir&pg=PA54|title=Caste in Question: Identity Or Hierarchy?|last=Gupta|first=Dipankar|date=2004-12-08|publisher=SAGE Publications|isbn=978-0-7619-3324-3|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.530143/page/n101/mode/2up?q=Kamaria&view=theater|title=Abhiras Their History And Culture|last=Survavanshi|first=Bhagwansingh|date=1962|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/hindutribesandc00shergoog/page/n365/mode/2up?q=shikhoabad&view=theater|title=Hindu Tribes and Castes|last=Matthew Atmore Sherring|date=1872|publisher=Trubner and co.; |others=Oxford University|language=English}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite book |last=Russell |first=R.V |url=https://archive.org/details/dli.csl.5251/page/n423/mode/2up?q=Kamaria |title=Tribes and Castes of the Central Provinces of India vol.1 |publisher=Macmillan and Co., London}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6OAJGO_-QYEC&dq=kamariya+ahir&pg=PA54|title=The Tribes and Castes of the North-western Provinces and Oudh|last=Crooke|first=William|date=1896|publisher=Government printing|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uKZJAAAAMAAJ&dq=kamaria&pg=PA351|title=Memoirs on the History, Folk-lore, and Distribution of the Races of the North Western Provinces of India: Being an Amplified Edition of the Original Supplemental Glossary of Indian Terms|last=Elliot|first=Sir Henry Miers|date=1869|publisher=Trübner & Company|language=en}}</ref><ref name=":6">{{Cite thesis|title=Sons of Krishna: The politics of Yadav community formation in a north Indian town.|url=https://etheses.lse.ac.uk/2106/|publisher=London School of Economics and Political Science|date=2002|degree=phd|language=en|first=Lucia|last=Michelutti}}</ref>(]<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cG5uAAAAMAAJ&q=kamaria+ahir|title=Coalition Politics and Power Sharing|last=Majeed|first=Akhtar|date=2000|publisher=Manak Publications Pvt. Limited|isbn=978-81-86562-96-3|language=en}}</ref>) or ]<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cG5uAAAAMAAJ&q=kamaria+ahir|title=Coalition Politics and Power Sharing|last=Majeed|first=Akhtar|date=2000|publisher=Manak Publications Pvt. Limited|isbn=978-81-86562-96-3|language=en}}</ref> Caste in ], Prominently found in the ] State. The Kamaria Clan includes several (over 100+) ] in it.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wqbTO5sjjs4C&dq=Kamariya+is+not+that+of+a+mere+got+,+but+of+a+large+tribe+which+includes+within+it+several+gots+,+such+as+the+Sembarph%C3%BAla&pg=PA44|title=Statistical Descriptive and Historical Account of the North-Western Provinces of India: Ed. ... by Edwin Thomas Atkinson|date=1876|language=en}}</ref> Kamaria is the second most dominant Ahir subdivision in ] after the ] subdivision.<ref name=":2">{{Cite news|title=यादवों के गढ़ में गोत्र से तय होगी मुलायम की जीत-हार!|work=Dainik Bhaskar (दैनिक भास्कर)|url=https://www.bhaskar.com/news/up-ground-report-of-up-election-2889277.html}}</ref> They are well known for their Political Dominance over Uttar Pradesh. '''Kamaria (''Kamariya, Kumheria, kamariha'')''' <ref name=":0">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XW7aAAAAMAAJ&q=Yaduvanshi+Thakur|title=Caste Dimensions in a Village|last=Mutatkar|first=Ramchandra Keshav|date=1978|publisher=Shubhada-Saraswat|language=en}}</ref> is a subdivision of ]<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bgpEIb4tNjgC&dq=kamaria+subdivision+ahir&pg=PA54|title=Caste in Question: Identity Or Hierarchy?|last=Gupta|first=Dipankar|date=2004-12-08|publisher=SAGE Publications|isbn=978-0-7619-3324-3|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.530143/page/n101/mode/2up?q=Kamaria&view=theater|title=Abhiras Their History And Culture|last=Survavanshi|first=Bhagwansingh|date=1962|language=en}}</ref><ref name=":6">{{Cite thesis|title=Sons of Krishna: The politics of Yadav community formation in a north Indian town.|url=https://etheses.lse.ac.uk/2106/|publisher=London School of Economics and Political Science|date=2002|degree=phd|language=en|first=Lucia|last=Michelutti}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cG5uAAAAMAAJ&q=kamaria+ahir|title=Coalition Politics and Power Sharing|last=Majeed|first=Akhtar|date=2000|publisher=Manak Publications Pvt. Limited|isbn=978-81-86562-96-3|language=en}}</ref> or ]<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cG5uAAAAMAAJ&q=kamaria+ahir|title=Coalition Politics and Power Sharing|last=Majeed|first=Akhtar|date=2000|publisher=Manak Publications Pvt. Limited|isbn=978-81-86562-96-3|language=en}}</ref> caste in ].


{{Infobox ethnic group {{Infobox ethnic group
| group = Ahir | group = Ahir
| regions = ], ] | regions = ]
| languages = ], ] | languages = ], ]
| religions = ] | religions = ]
| footnotes = <ref name="Lucia Michelutti">{{cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8OIUAQAAIAAJ&q=phatak+ahir | title=The Vernacularisation of Democracy: Politics, Caste, and Religion in India Volume 1 of Exploring the political in South Asia | publisher=Routledge, Original from the University of California | author=Lucia Michelutti | year=2008 | pages=101 | isbn=9780415467322}}</ref> | footnotes = <ref name="Lucia Michelutti">{{cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8OIUAQAAIAAJ&q=phatak+ahir | title=The Vernacularisation of Democracy: Politics, Caste, and Religion in India Volume 1 of Exploring the political in South Asia | publisher=Routledge, Original from the University of California | author=Lucia Michelutti | year=2008 | pages=101 | isbn=9780415467322}}</ref>
}} }}
⚫ == Etymology ==

⚫ * Some{{who|date=December 2024}} claim that 'Kamaria', is derived from the name of king ''Kamalyan''.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Majeed |first=Akhtar |url=https://books.google.co.in/books?id=cG5uAAAAMAAJ&q=kamaria+ahir&dq=kamaria+ahir&hl=en&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&source=gb_mobile_search&ovdme=1&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiJpNbI2cKKAxVmSWwGHeTxFrcQ6AF6BAgKEAM |title=Coalition Politics and Power Sharing |date=2000 |publisher=Manak Publications Pvt. Limited |isbn=978-81-86562-96-3 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=drG9EAAAQBAJ&dq=kamli+krsna&pg=SL11-PA275|title=Atma Bhog: Bhajans with Chords and Translations|last=Marga|first=Bhakti|date=2023-03-01|publisher=Bhakti Marga Publications|isbn=978-3-96343-074-9|language=en}}</ref>{{better source|date=December 2024}}
== Origin == == Origin ==
⚫ In the Braj region, the Kamaria and other subdivisions of Ahirs were gradually absorbed into the ] category of landlords as a consequence of ] so-called "official" ethnographies and racial theories.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sOYJEAAAQBAJ&q=lucia+michelutti|title=The Vernacularisation of Democracy: Politics, Caste and Religion in India|last=Michelutti|first=Lucia|date=2020-11-29|publisher=Taylor & Francis|isbn=978-1-000-08400-9|language=en}}</ref><ref name=":6" />{{page needed|date=December 2024}}
], the professed ancestors of Kamaria Ahirs. ]]
Locally in ] region of Uttar Pradesh, Which includes ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ] and ] districts of Uttar Pradesh.<ref name=":7">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bgpEIb4tNjgC&q=etawah+mainpuri+kamaria|title=Caste in Question: Identity Or Hierarchy?|last=Gupta|first=Dipankar|date=2004-12-08|publisher=SAGE Publications|isbn=978-0-7619-3324-3|language=en}}</ref>

Kamarias profess to be descendants from ] (Yadav Vansha of Krishna vansh<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1lZuAAAAMAAJ&q=kamaria%20uprelia|title=People of India: India's communities|last=Singh|first=Kumar Suresh|date=1998|publisher=Anthropological Survey of India|isbn=978-0-19-563354-2|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XW7aAAAAMAAJ&q=Kamaria+Ahir|title=Caste Dimensions in a Village|last=Mutatkar|first=Ramchandra Keshav|date=1978|publisher=Shubhada-Saraswat|language=en}}</ref><ref name=":5" />)Lineage.

⚫ The Kamaria clan claims descent from Kamalnayan, an Ahir king from the ] era. In the Braj region, the Kamaria and other subdivisions of Ahirs were gradually absorbed into the ] category of landlords and into the Yaduvanshi subdivision as a consequence of ] so-called "official" ethnographies and racial theories.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sOYJEAAAQBAJ&q=lucia+michelutti|title=The Vernacularisation of Democracy: Politics, Caste and Religion in India|last=Michelutti|first=Lucia|date=2020-11-29|publisher=Taylor & Francis|isbn=978-1-000-08400-9|language=en}}</ref><ref name=":6" />

== Family Goddesses and God ==
The ] of Kamaria Ahirs are

* ''']'''
* ''']'''
* ''']'''


== History == == History ==
Thakur Hargayan Singh Yadav, ] of a ruling chief, Khalthaun, ], ], Was born in year 1864, and succeeded to the ](''gaddi'') in 1883. The area of the State was 5 square miles; its population was about 8000, chiefly ]. The Thakur maintained a military force of 15 ] and 50 ].<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/goldenbookofindi00lethuoft/goldenbookofindi00lethuoft/page/246/mode/2up?view=theater|title=The golden book of India, a genealogical and biographical dictionary of the ruling princes, chiefs, nobles, and other personages, titled or decorated, of the Indian empire|last=Lethbridge|first=Roper|date=1893|publisher=London Macmillan|others=Robarts - University of Toronto}}</ref> He was likely from Kamaria clan, as the Kamaria Yadav of Gwalior has the title of Thakur<ref name=":0" />


The Ahir Para of Mathura, i.e. the Sadar Bazaar is said to be established by two families originally from ], Chaudhari Parivar (the Head Family) and ''Dudh Parivar'' (the Milk Family). The Milk Family belonged to Tulsi Ram, a ] of Deshwar gotra of the Kamaria clan.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sOYJEAAAQBAJ&dq=dudh+parivar&pg=PT145|title=The Vernacularisation of Democracy: Politics, Caste and Religion in India|last=Michelutti|first=Lucia|date=2020-11-29|publisher=Taylor & Francis|isbn=978-1-000-08400-9|language=en}}</ref>{{page needed|date=December 2024}} As of today, this family owns the Mahadev Ghat Akhara.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=v8bfCgAAQBAJ&dq=Mahadev+Ghat,+Yadav&pg=PA53|title=Power and Influence in India: Bosses, Lords and Captains|last1=Price|first1=Pamela|last2=Ruud|first2=Arild Engelsen|date=2012-07-26|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-136-19799-4|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sOYJEAAAQBAJ&dq=Mahadev+Ghat+Mathura&pg=PT46|title=The Vernacularisation of Democracy: Politics, Caste and Religion in India|last=Michelutti|first=Lucia|date=2020-11-29|publisher=Taylor & Francis|isbn=978-1-000-08400-9|language=en}}</ref>{{page needed|date=December 2024}}
There is a fair held on Sundays in a village of Mainpuri(now in ], ], ]), named Paindhat (now Pairhat), where the Kamaria branch have a festival that is held in the light ] of Asarh and Magh and offering of coconut and money are made to a temple for an Ahir named Jakhai(or Jagaiya or Jakhaiya) and for a ] hero having the same name as the village as they fought in the battle between ] and ]. Also there is a raised platform(''chabutra'') for a nameless ] before whose platform young pigs were sacrificed.The yearly offering taken by the ] were estimated at Rs. 5000.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xeQqAAAAYAAJ&q=The+Kamariya+branch|title=An Ethnographical Hand-book for the N.-W. Provinces and Oudh|last=Crooke|first=William|date=1890|publisher=North-Western provinces and Oudh government Press|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=iTXXAAAAMAAJ&dq=kamariya+ahir+festival&pg=PA336|title=Hindu Tribes and Castes|last=Sherring|first=Matthew Atmore|date=1872|publisher=Thacker, Spink & Company|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QQwJAAAAQAAJ&dq=Kamariya+mynpoory&pg=RA2-PA77|title=Census of the N.W. Provinces, 1865|date=1867|publisher=Government Press, North-Western Provinces|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.48097/page/n255/mode/1up?q=Paindhat|title=Mainpuri - A Gazetteer|last=Neave|first=E. R.|date=1910}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9XhRXus-_NgC&q=Pendhat&pg=PA393|title=Statistical, Descriptive and Historical Account of the North-Western Provinces of India: Agra division part 1|date=1876|publisher=North-Western Provinces Government|language=en}}</ref>


The Ahir Para of Mathura, i.e. the Sadar Bazaar is said to be established by two families originally from ], Chaudhari Parivar (the Head Family) and ''Dudh Parivar'' (the Milk Family). The Milk Family belonged to Tulsi Ram, a ] of Deshwar gotra of the Kamaria clan.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sOYJEAAAQBAJ&dq=dudh+parivar&pg=PT145|title=The Vernacularisation of Democracy: Politics, Caste and Religion in India|last=Michelutti|first=Lucia|date=2020-11-29|publisher=Taylor & Francis|isbn=978-1-000-08400-9|language=en}}</ref> This family as of today owns the Mahadev Ghat Akhara.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=v8bfCgAAQBAJ&dq=Mahadev+Ghat,+Yadav&pg=PA53|title=Power and Influence in India: Bosses, Lords and Captains|last1=Price|first1=Pamela|last2=Ruud|first2=Arild Engelsen|date=2012-07-26|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-136-19799-4|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sOYJEAAAQBAJ&dq=Mahadev+Ghat+Mathura&pg=PT46|title=The Vernacularisation of Democracy: Politics, Caste and Religion in India|last=Michelutti|first=Lucia|date=2020-11-29|publisher=Taylor & Francis|isbn=978-1-000-08400-9|language=en}}</ref> Kamaria Ahir used to have ] in Jaurasi, a village in Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xjIKAQAAIAAJ&q=kamaria+zamindar|title=Bulletin of the Deccan College Research Institute|last=Institute|first=Deccan College Post-graduate and Research|date=1964|publisher=Dr. A. M. Ghatage, director, Deccan College Postgraduate and Research Institute|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XW7aAAAAMAAJ&q=kamaria+zamindar|title=Caste Dimensions in a Village|last=Mutatkar|first=Ramchandra Keshav|date=1978|publisher=Shubhada-Saraswat|language=en}}</ref>{{page needed|date=December 2024}}

The Statistical Data of Mainpuri and Farrukhabad resulted in the discovery that in a large number of villages belonging to the Ahirs of Kamaria and Ghosi stocks the ] even that among the ], and the statistics indicated a widespread prevalence of the crime among the Ahirs.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nuArAQAAIAAJ&q=kamariya+ghosi|title=District Gazetteers of the United Provinces of Agra and Oudh|last=Oudh (India)|first=United Provinces of Agra and|date=1911|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.206935/page/n128/mode/1up?q=Kamariya|title=District Gazetteer Of The United Provinces Vol-xii Etah|last=Neave E. R.|date=1911}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9XhRXus-_NgC&q=Kamariya&pg=PA393|title=Statistical, Descriptive and Historical Account of the North-Western Provinces of India: Agra division part 1|date=1876|publisher=North-Western Provinces Government|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.181613/page/n158/mode/1up?q=Kamharia|title=Mainpuri - A Gazetteer|last=Neave|first=E. R.|date=1910}}</ref>

A famous idiom among the Ahirs of Braj is, ''"Ghosiya ghosat rahe kamariya byah le gayo"''<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/dli.csl.7411/page/n115/mode/2up?view=theater&q=Ghosiyd|title=Rural and agricultural glossary for the N.W. Provinces and Oudh|last=Crooke|first=William|date=1888|publisher=Superintendent of Government Printing, Calcutta}}</ref> (''घोसिया सोचता ही रहा, कमरिया ब्याह ले गया'')<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lRrPD7tOIrQC&dq=ghosi+kamariya&pg=PA394|title=A comprehensive dictionary of Hindi proverbs|last=Tivārī|first=Bholānātha|date=1985|publisher=Kitabghar Prakashan|isbn=978-81-89859-33-6|language=hi}}</ref> “The Ghosi kept shouting while the Kamaria married the bride”, The story behind this idiom is rooted in a traditional tale. According to the legend, a father accidentally arranged his daughter’s marriage to two men of Ahir caste but from different Subclans—a Kamaria and a Ghosi. On the wedding day, both grooms arrived at the bride's home. In an attempt to resolve the situation, the father placed an obstacle in the path of the wedding procession('']''), declaring that the first groom to reach the wedding altar (''mandap'') would marry his daughter. While the Ghosi groom stood still, pondering and shouting what to do, the Kamaria groom quickly removed the obstacle and raced ahead, reaching the mandap first and marrying the girl.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=r4ljAAAAMAAJ&q=kamariya+ghosi|title=Lokokti evaṃ muhāvarā kośa: Kannaujī ke sandarbha meṃ|last1=Siṃha|first1=Rājakumāra|last2=Vyoma|first2=Jagadīśa Candra Yādava|date=1994|publisher=Ārādhanā Bradarsa|language=hi}}</ref> This story is said to be the origin of the idiom, which reflects the idea that hesitation or indecision can lead to missed opportunities, while prompt action may lead to success.


⚫ == Distribution ==
⚫ Kamaria Ahirs are mostly found in western ] and in some parts of ], which includes ], ], ] (most numerous in Etawah),<ref>{{Cite thesis |last=Rani |first=Usha |date=1978 |title=Cultural Geography of Ahir's in Uttar Pradesh |url=https://core.ac.uk/reader/144511410 |type=Master's thesis |chapter=Chapter IV: The Ahirs of Uttar Pradesh |page=132}}</ref> ], ], ],<ref name=":7">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bgpEIb4tNjgC&q=etawah+mainpuri+kamaria|title=Caste in Question: Identity Or Hierarchy?|last=Gupta|first=Dipankar|date=2004-12-08|publisher=SAGE Publications|isbn=978-0-7619-3324-3|language=en}}</ref> ], ], ], ], ],<ref name=":3">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jUwFL3IipK0C&dq=Kaoras+or+Kamarias&pg=PA60|title=Dimensions of Human Cultures in Central India: Professor S.K. Tiwari Felicitation Volume|last=Abbasi|first=A. A.|date=2001|publisher=Sarup & Sons|isbn=978-81-7625-186-0|language=en}}</ref> and others.
== Notable figures == == Notable figures ==
], a Kamaria Ahir (standing at right)]] ], a Kamaria Ahir (standing at right)]]
⚫ * ]<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=K8IZEAAAQBAJ&dq=mulayam+singh+yadav+kamariya&pg=PA170|title=Politics as Social Text in India: The Bahujan Samaj Party in Uttar Pradesh|last=Sarkar|first=Jayabrata|date=2021-03-29|publisher=Taylor & Francis|isbn=978-1-000-37034-8|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yy2cDAAAQBAJ&dq=mulayam+singh+yadav+kamariya&pg=PA33|title=Etawah Janpad Ki Seemavarti Boliyon Ka Bhasha: Bestseller Book by Ramshankar Katheria: Etawah Janpad Ki Seemavarti Boliyon Ka Bhasha|last=Katheria|first=Ramshankar|date=2016-01-01|publisher=Prabhat Prakashan|isbn=978-93-5186-580-3|language=hi}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=s9cYoZaNxMcC&dq=mulayam+yadav+kamaria&pg=PA213|title=Why Ethnic Parties Succeed: Patronage and Ethnic Head Counts in India|last=Chandra|first=Kanchan|date=2007-02-15|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-0-521-89141-7|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bgpEIb4tNjgC&dq=mulayam+yadav+kamaria&pg=PA54|title=Caste in Question: Identity Or Hierarchy?|last=Gupta|first=Dipankar|date=2004-12-08|publisher=SAGE Publications|isbn=978-0-7619-3324-3|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sOYJEAAAQBAJ&dq=mulayam+yadav+kamaria&pg=PT44|title=The Vernacularisation of Democracy: Politics, Caste and Religion in India|last=Michelutti|first=Lucia|date=2020-11-29|publisher=Taylor & Francis|isbn=978-1-000-08400-9|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2022-10-10|title=Mulayam singh yadav biography in Hindi: मुलायम सिंह यादव की बायोग्राफी, क्या था गोत्र, खुद को मानते थे भगवान कृष्ण के वंशज|url=https://zeenews.india.com/hindi/zee-hindustan/national/mulayam-singh-yadav-biography-of-know-all-the-information-related-to-age-assets-wife-son/1388100|access-date=2024-11-24|website=Zee News Hindi|language=hi}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RG4ZEAAAQBAJ&q=kamariya+&pg=PT131|title=Politics as Social Text in India: The Bahujan Samaj Party in Uttar Pradesh|last=Sarkar|first=Jayabrata|date=2021-03-30|publisher=Taylor & Francis|isbn=978-1-000-37037-9|language=en}}</ref>of Rawat got,<ref>{{Cite web|title='आप अपने गोत्र का नाम ले लीजिए'...Prayagraj में Akhilesh Yadav ने संगम पर दिया ये जवाब|url=https://navbharattimes.indiatimes.com/metro/lucknow/politics/akhilesh-yadav-performed-rituals-in-prayagraj-for-his-father/videoshow/94966130.cms#google_vignette|access-date=2024-11-24|website=Navbharat Times|language=hi}}</ref> the founder of ] (SP), Former C.M of Uttar Pradesh and former Defense Minister of India

⚫ * ]<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=K8IZEAAAQBAJ&dq=mulayam+singh+yadav+kamariya&pg=PA170|title=Politics as Social Text in India: The Bahujan Samaj Party in Uttar Pradesh|last=Sarkar|first=Jayabrata|date=2021-03-29|publisher=Taylor & Francis|isbn=978-1-000-37034-8|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yy2cDAAAQBAJ&dq=mulayam+singh+yadav+kamariya&pg=PA33|title=Etawah Janpad Ki Seemavarti Boliyon Ka Bhasha: Bestseller Book by Ramshankar Katheria: Etawah Janpad Ki Seemavarti Boliyon Ka Bhasha|last=Katheria|first=Ramshankar|date=2016-01-01|publisher=Prabhat Prakashan|isbn=978-93-5186-580-3|language=hi}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=s9cYoZaNxMcC&dq=mulayam+yadav+kamaria&pg=PA213|title=Why Ethnic Parties Succeed: Patronage and Ethnic Head Counts in India|last=Chandra|first=Kanchan|date=2007-02-15|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-0-521-89141-7|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bgpEIb4tNjgC&dq=mulayam+yadav+kamaria&pg=PA54|title=Caste in Question: Identity Or Hierarchy?|last=Gupta|first=Dipankar|date=2004-12-08|publisher=SAGE Publications|isbn=978-0-7619-3324-3|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sOYJEAAAQBAJ&dq=mulayam+yadav+kamaria&pg=PT44|title=The Vernacularisation of Democracy: Politics, Caste and Religion in India|last=Michelutti|first=Lucia|date=2020-11-29|publisher=Taylor & Francis|isbn=978-1-000-08400-9|language=en}}</ref><ref name=":2" /><ref>{{Cite web|date=2022-10-10|title=Mulayam singh yadav biography in Hindi: मुलायम सिंह यादव की बायोग्राफी, क्या था गोत्र, खुद को मानते थे भगवान कृष्ण के वंशज|url=https://zeenews.india.com/hindi/zee-hindustan/national/mulayam-singh-yadav-biography-of-know-all-the-information-related-to-age-assets-wife-son/1388100|access-date=2024-11-24|website=Zee News Hindi|language=hi}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RG4ZEAAAQBAJ&q=kamariya+&pg=PT131|title=Politics as Social Text in India: The Bahujan Samaj Party in Uttar Pradesh|last=Sarkar|first=Jayabrata|date=2021-03-30|publisher=Taylor & Francis|isbn=978-1-000-37037-9|language=en}}</ref>of Rawat got,<ref>{{Cite web|title='आप अपने गोत्र का नाम ले लीजिए'...Prayagraj में Akhilesh Yadav ने संगम पर दिया ये जवाब|url=https://navbharattimes.indiatimes.com/metro/lucknow/politics/akhilesh-yadav-performed-rituals-in-prayagraj-for-his-father/videoshow/94966130.cms#google_vignette|access-date=2024-11-24|website=Navbharat Times|language=hi}}</ref> the founder of ] (SP), Former C.M of Uttar Pradesh and former Defense Minister of India
* ], former C.M of Uttar Pradesh, Son of Mulayam SIngh Yadav<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZyWUEAAAQBAJ&dq=shivpal+yadav+mulayam+singh+yadav&pg=PT57|title=Political Communication in Contemporary India: Locating Democracy and Governance|last1=Sisodia|first1=Yatindra Singh|last2=Chattopadhyay|first2=Pratip|date=2022-11-23|publisher=Taylor & Francis|isbn=978-1-000-80139-2|language=en}}</ref>
* ], Brother of Mulayam Singh Yadav<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1Uf0bYFVxdMC&dq=mulayam+singh+yadav+brother+shivpal&pg=PA18|title=Rahul|last1=Gandhi|first1=Jatin|last2=Sandhu|first2=Veenu|date=2012|publisher=Penguin Books India|isbn=978-0-670-08480-7|language=en}}</ref>
* ], Encounter Specialist,<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SekvAQAAIAAJ&q=Navneet+Sikera|title=Outlook|date=2007|publisher=Hathway Investments Pvt Limited|language=en}}</ref> ] officer, A ] is also made on him named ]
* ], a ], won a silver medal in a ] competition, ], and was in the ].

== Estate, Zamindaris & village holding ==

* Kamaria Ahirs of Bhaujīka gotra have cherished a memory of their ancestors that they ruled the ], but after losing political dominance they migrated and spread across ] city <ref name=":5">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zxcMAAAAIAAJ&q=%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8C%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%80|title=Gvāliyara saṃbhāga meṃ vyavahyata bolī-rūpoṃ kā bhāshā-vaijñānika adhyayana|last=Kiśora|first=Sītā|date=1996|publisher=Ārādhanā Bradarsa|language=hi}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Ae9zAAAAIAAJ|title=Gvāliyara saṃbhāga meṃ vyavahyata bolī-rūpoṃ kā bhāshā-vaijñānika adhyayana|last=Kiśora|first=Sītā|date=1996|publisher=Ārādhanā Bradarsa|language=hi}}</ref>
* Kamaria Ahir used to have ] in Jaurasi, a village in Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xjIKAQAAIAAJ&q=kamaria+zamindar|title=Bulletin of the Deccan College Research Institute|last=Institute|first=Deccan College Post-graduate and Research|date=1964|publisher=Dr. A. M. Ghatage, director, Deccan College Postgraduate and Research Institute|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XW7aAAAAMAAJ&q=kamaria+zamindar|title=Caste Dimensions in a Village|last=Mutatkar|first=Ramchandra Keshav|date=1978|publisher=Shubhada-Saraswat|language=en}}</ref>
* Kamaria Ahir were Chiefly Zamindars in Paindhat, Mustafabad, Mainpuri,(that is now in Jasrana Tehsil of ]) Uttar Pradesh<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QQwJAAAAQAAJ&dq=kamariya+ahir&pg=RA2-PA77|title=Census of the N.W. Provinces, 1865|date=1867|publisher=Government Press, North-Western Provinces|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7ZoIAAAAQAAJ&dq=ahir+paindhat&pg=RA1-PA24|title=SETLEMENT OF THE DISTRST|last=allahabad|date=1875|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.48097/page/n255/mode/1up?q=Paindhat+Ahirs|title=Mainpuri - A Gazetteer|last=Neave|first=E. R.|date=1910}}</ref>
* The Ghosis(including ]) and Kamaria branches of Ahir had several Chief Families. e.g. Ghosis had Bharaul, Urawar in Mainpuri, Rupdhani in Etah etc. and The Kamarias had Gurha and Harganpur in Mainpuri; Paindhat in Mustafabad; Gopalpur and Balampur in ], Mainpuri; etc.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7ZoIAAAAQAAJ&dq=chief+ahir+bharaul&pg=RA1-PA24|title=SETLEMENT OF THE DISTRST|last=allahabad|date=1875|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yfllgDP3cHkC|title=Statistical, Descriptive and Historical Account of the North-western Provinces of India: Agra division : Pt. 1. Eta District. pt. 2. Etáwa District. pt. 3. Mainpuri District|last=Oudh (India)|first=United Provinces of Agra and|date=1874|publisher=Printed at the North-western Provinces' Government Press|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9XhRXus-_NgC&q=Pendhat&pg=PA393|title=Statistical, Descriptive and Historical Account of the North-Western Provinces of India: Agra division part 1|date=1876|publisher=North-Western Provinces Government|language=en}}</ref>
* Ch. Natthu Singh Yadav, was a Zamindar of ], Etawah.
* Ch. Komal Singh Yadav (of Semarfula Gotra) of Ramnagar house, Ramnagar, Etah was a Zamindar and the first IPS officer of Yadav Caste during the ] in India.
* Kamaria Ahirs hold 46+11 ] in Mainpuri and Mustafabad group of villages (]) (some villages recently got added to the Firozabad district, Uttar Pradesh). <ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QQwJAAAAQAAJ&dq=kamariya+ahir&pg=RA2-PA77|title=Census of the N.W. Provinces, 1865|date=1867|publisher=Government Press, North-Western Provinces|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=p-lAAAAAcAAJ&dq=kamariya+mustafabad&pg=PA327|title=Memoirs on the History, Folk-Lore, and Distribution of the Races of the North Western Provinces of India; being an amplified Edition of the original: Supplemental Glossary of India Terms By the late Henry M. Elliot. Edited, revised, and re-arranged by John Beames. In 2 Volumes. I|last=Elliot|first=Henry M.|date=1869|publisher=Trübner & Company|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=iTXXAAAAMAAJ&dq=The+Kamariyas+occupy+fifty-seven+villages&pg=PA336|title=Hindu Tribes and Castes|last=Sherring|first=Matthew Atmore|date=1872|publisher=Thacker, Spink & Company|language=en}}</ref>
* Kamaria Ahirs hold 21 Villages in Eta district, Uttar Pradesh.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wqbTO5sjjs4C&dq=Kamariya+(21).&pg=PA44|title=Statistical Descriptive and Historical Account of the North-Western Provinces of India: Ed. ... by Edwin Thomas Atkinson|date=1876|language=en}}</ref>
* Kamaria Ahirs hold 3 villages in ], Uttar Pradesh.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nddiAAAAcAAJ&dq=Kamariyas,+A+branch+of+the+Ahirs,+hold+three&pg=PA268|title=Statistical descriptive and historical account of the North-Western provinces of India: Ed. ... by Edwin Thomas Atkinson|date=1874|publisher= North-West. Provinces' Governm. Press|language=en}}</ref>

⚫ == Distribution ==
⚫ Kamaria Ahirs are mostly found in ] and in some parts of ], which includes ], ], ] (most numerous in Etawah<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/dli.csl.2924/page/n68/mode/1up?q=Kamariha|title=Etawah: a Gazetteer of the District Gazetteers of the United Provinces of Agra and Oudh|first=D.L.|last=Drake-Brockman|date=1911|publisher=Allahabad, Superintendent, Government Press}}</ref><ref>{{Cite thesis |last=Rani |first=Usha |date=1978 |title=Cultural Geography of Ahir's in Uttar Pradesh |url=https://core.ac.uk/reader/144511410 |type=Master's thesis |chapter=Chapter IV: The Ahirs of Uttar Pradesh |page=132}}</ref>), ], ], ],<ref name=":7" /> ], ], ], ], ],<ref name=":3">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jUwFL3IipK0C&dq=Kaoras+or+Kamarias&pg=PA60|title=Dimensions of Human Cultures in Central India: Professor S.K. Tiwari Felicitation Volume|last=Abbasi|first=A. A.|date=2001|publisher=Sarup & Sons|isbn=978-81-7625-186-0|language=en}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yitRAAAAYAAJ&dq=The+Kamarias,+jubbulpore&pg=RA2-PA30|title=Census of India, 1891|date=1893|language=en}}</ref> etc.

== Synonyms, Titles, and Gotras ==

* Synonyms: Uprelia Ahir,<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1lZuAAAAMAAJ&q=kamaria+uprelia|title=People of India: India's communities|last=Singh|first=Kumar Suresh|date=1998|publisher=Anthropological Survey of India|isbn=978-0-19-563354-2|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bfAMAQAAMAAJ&dq=uprelia+ahir&pg=PA1390|title=Communities, Segments, Synonyms, Surnames and Titles|last=Singh|first=K. S.|date=1996|publisher=Anthropological Survey of India|isbn=978-0-19-563357-3|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XW7aAAAAMAAJ&q=upreliya+ahir|title=Caste Dimensions in a Village|last=Mutatkar|first=Ramchandra Keshav|date=1978|publisher=Shubhada-Saraswat|language=en}}</ref> Kurr<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wqbTO5sjjs4C&dq=Kor+,+properly+Kurr,+is+neither+a+tribe+nor+a+got,+but+a+synonymous+term+for+a+Kamariya&pg=PA44|title=Statistical Descriptive and Historical Account of the North-Western Provinces of India: Ed. ... by Edwin Thomas Atkinson|date=1876|language=en}}</ref>(Kurr or Kor is neither a tribe nor a caste but just a synonymous term for Kamaria branch and shall not be alluded or make connections with the ] of India<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6OAJGO_-QYEC&dq=Kur+or+kor+is+derived+from+Kols+of+vindhyan&pg=PA52|title=The Tribes and Castes of the North-western Provinces and Oudh|last=Crooke|first=William|date=1896|publisher=Government printing|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.206935/page/n83/mode/1up?q=Kor|title=District Gazetteer Of The United Provinces Vol-xii Etah|last=Neave E. R.|date=1911}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wqbTO5sjjs4C&dq=Kor+%2C+properly+Kurr+%2C+is+neither+a+tribe+nor+a+got+%2C+but+a+synonymous+term+for+a+Kamariya&pg=PA44|title=Statistical Descriptive and Historical Account of the North-Western Provinces of India: Ed. ... by Edwin Thomas Atkinson|date=1876|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite thesis |title=Cultural Geography of Ahir's in Uttar Pradesh |url=https://core.ac.uk/reader/144511410}}</ref>), Yaduvanshi Thakur,<ref name=":0" /> Bundel Thakur<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XW7aAAAAMAAJ&q=Bundel+Thakur|title=Caste Dimensions in a Village|last=Mutatkar|first=Ramchandra Keshav|date=1978|publisher=Shubhada-Saraswat|language=en}}</ref> Kaoras<ref name=":3" /><ref name=":4" />
* Titles: ], ], ], ], ], Sekera, and Kakar.
* Gotras: Bhaujik, Barothe, Semarfula, Gadhore, Lathele, Nangle, Rawat, Diswar, Sikera etc.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wqbTO5sjjs4C&dq=Kamariya+is+not+that+of+a+mere+got+,+but+of+a+large+tribe+which+includes+within+it+several+gots+,+such+as+the+Sembarph%C3%BAla+,+Bhogita+,+Disw%C3%A1r+,+Muj-+harauwa+,+Jhinwariya+and+Barothe&pg=PA44|title=Statistical Descriptive and Historical Account of the North-Western Provinces of India: Ed. ... by Edwin Thomas Atkinson|date=1876|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bfAMAQAAMAAJ&dq=Upreliya+ahir&pg=PA1390|title=Communities, Segments, Synonyms, Surnames and Titles|last=Singh|first=K. S.|date=1996|publisher=Anthropological Survey of India|isbn=978-0-19-563357-3|language=en}}</ref><ref name=":5" /><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.206935/page/n84/mode/1up?q=Sembarphula,|title=District Gazetteer Of The United Provinces Vol-xii Etah|last=Neave E. R.|date=1911}}</ref>

⚫ == Etymology ==
* The word 'Kamaria' literally means ''Kambal'', a ].<ref name=":1" />

* The king from Mahabharata era, Kamalnayan.

⚫ * Some claims that 'Kamaria', is derived from ''Kamli'', one of the other names for the lord ].<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=drG9EAAAQBAJ&dq=kamli+krsna&pg=SL11-PA275|title=Atma Bhog: Bhajans with Chords and Translations|last=Marga|first=Bhakti|date=2023-03-01|publisher=Bhakti Marga Publications|isbn=978-3-96343-074-9|language=en}}</ref>

== See also == == See also ==

* ] * ]

* ] * ]
* ] * ]
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* ] * ]
* ] * ]
* ]
* ]

== References == == References ==
{{reflist}} {{reflist}}
] ]
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__INDEX__

Latest revision as of 14:45, 25 December 2024

A Subdivision of Ahir Caste in India.
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Kamaria (Kamariya, Kumheria, kamariha) is a subdivision of Ahirs or Yadav caste in India.

Ethnic group
Ahir
Regions with significant populations
Uttar Pradesh
Languages
Braj Bhasha, Hindi
Religion
Hindu

Etymology

  • Some claim that 'Kamaria', is derived from the name of king Kamalyan.

Origin

In the Braj region, the Kamaria and other subdivisions of Ahirs were gradually absorbed into the Nandvanshi category of landlords as a consequence of British so-called "official" ethnographies and racial theories.

History

The Ahir Para of Mathura, i.e. the Sadar Bazaar is said to be established by two families originally from Kannauj, Chaudhari Parivar (the Head Family) and Dudh Parivar (the Milk Family). The Milk Family belonged to Tulsi Ram, a Sepoy of Deshwar gotra of the Kamaria clan. As of today, this family owns the Mahadev Ghat Akhara.

Kamaria Ahir used to have Zamindari in Jaurasi, a village in Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh.

Distribution

Kamaria Ahirs are mostly found in western Uttar Pradesh and in some parts of Madhya Pradesh, which includes Mathura, Agra, Etawah (most numerous in Etawah), Mainpuri, Etah, Firozabad, Jhansi, Gwalior, Bhind, Shivpuri, Jabalpur, and others.

Notable figures

Mulayam Singh Yadav, a Kamaria Ahir (standing at right)

See also

References

  1. Mutatkar, Ramchandra Keshav (1978). Caste Dimensions in a Village. Shubhada-Saraswat.
  2. Gupta, Dipankar (2004-12-08). Caste in Question: Identity Or Hierarchy?. SAGE Publications. ISBN 978-0-7619-3324-3.
  3. Survavanshi, Bhagwansingh (1962). Abhiras Their History And Culture.
  4. ^ Michelutti, Lucia (2002). Sons of Krishna: The politics of Yadav community formation in a north Indian town (phd thesis). London School of Economics and Political Science.
  5. Majeed, Akhtar (2000). Coalition Politics and Power Sharing. Manak Publications Pvt. Limited. ISBN 978-81-86562-96-3.
  6. Majeed, Akhtar (2000). Coalition Politics and Power Sharing. Manak Publications Pvt. Limited. ISBN 978-81-86562-96-3.
  7. Lucia Michelutti (2008). The Vernacularisation of Democracy: Politics, Caste, and Religion in India Volume 1 of Exploring the political in South Asia. Routledge, Original from the University of California. p. 101. ISBN 9780415467322.
  8. Majeed, Akhtar (2000). Coalition Politics and Power Sharing. Manak Publications Pvt. Limited. ISBN 978-81-86562-96-3.
  9. Marga, Bhakti (2023-03-01). Atma Bhog: Bhajans with Chords and Translations. Bhakti Marga Publications. ISBN 978-3-96343-074-9.
  10. Michelutti, Lucia (2020-11-29). The Vernacularisation of Democracy: Politics, Caste and Religion in India. Taylor & Francis. ISBN 978-1-000-08400-9.
  11. Michelutti, Lucia (2020-11-29). The Vernacularisation of Democracy: Politics, Caste and Religion in India. Taylor & Francis. ISBN 978-1-000-08400-9.
  12. Price, Pamela; Ruud, Arild Engelsen (2012-07-26). Power and Influence in India: Bosses, Lords and Captains. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-136-19799-4.
  13. Michelutti, Lucia (2020-11-29). The Vernacularisation of Democracy: Politics, Caste and Religion in India. Taylor & Francis. ISBN 978-1-000-08400-9.
  14. Institute, Deccan College Post-graduate and Research (1964). Bulletin of the Deccan College Research Institute. Dr. A. M. Ghatage, director, Deccan College Postgraduate and Research Institute.
  15. Mutatkar, Ramchandra Keshav (1978). Caste Dimensions in a Village. Shubhada-Saraswat.
  16. Rani, Usha (1978). "Chapter IV: The Ahirs of Uttar Pradesh". Cultural Geography of Ahir's in Uttar Pradesh (Master's thesis). p. 132.
  17. Gupta, Dipankar (2004-12-08). Caste in Question: Identity Or Hierarchy?. SAGE Publications. ISBN 978-0-7619-3324-3.
  18. Abbasi, A. A. (2001). Dimensions of Human Cultures in Central India: Professor S.K. Tiwari Felicitation Volume. Sarup & Sons. ISBN 978-81-7625-186-0.
  19. Sarkar, Jayabrata (2021-03-29). Politics as Social Text in India: The Bahujan Samaj Party in Uttar Pradesh. Taylor & Francis. ISBN 978-1-000-37034-8.
  20. Katheria, Ramshankar (2016-01-01). Etawah Janpad Ki Seemavarti Boliyon Ka Bhasha: Bestseller Book by Ramshankar Katheria: Etawah Janpad Ki Seemavarti Boliyon Ka Bhasha (in Hindi). Prabhat Prakashan. ISBN 978-93-5186-580-3.
  21. Chandra, Kanchan (2007-02-15). Why Ethnic Parties Succeed: Patronage and Ethnic Head Counts in India. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-89141-7.
  22. Gupta, Dipankar (2004-12-08). Caste in Question: Identity Or Hierarchy?. SAGE Publications. ISBN 978-0-7619-3324-3.
  23. Michelutti, Lucia (2020-11-29). The Vernacularisation of Democracy: Politics, Caste and Religion in India. Taylor & Francis. ISBN 978-1-000-08400-9.
  24. "Mulayam singh yadav biography in Hindi: मुलायम सिंह यादव की बायोग्राफी, क्या था गोत्र, खुद को मानते थे भगवान कृष्ण के वंशज". Zee News Hindi (in Hindi). 2022-10-10. Retrieved 2024-11-24.
  25. Sarkar, Jayabrata (2021-03-30). Politics as Social Text in India: The Bahujan Samaj Party in Uttar Pradesh. Taylor & Francis. ISBN 978-1-000-37037-9.
  26. "'आप अपने गोत्र का नाम ले लीजिए'...Prayagraj में Akhilesh Yadav ने संगम पर दिया ये जवाब". Navbharat Times (in Hindi). Retrieved 2024-11-24.
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