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{{Short description|French philosopher (1929–2024)}}
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'''Bernard Bourgeois''' (September 2, 1929 – March 26, 2024) was a ] ]. He was a member of ], and he was its president in 2014.<ref>{{Lien web|langue=fr-FR|titre=Académie des Sciences Morales et Politiques|url=https://academiesciencesmoralesetpolitiques.fr/membres-titulaires/section-i-philosophie-2/bernard-bourgeois/|site=Académie des Sciences Morales et Politiques|date=2018-06-03|consulté le=2024-04-10}}</ref> '''Bernard Bourgeois''' ({{IPA|fr|bɛʁnaʁ buʁʒwa}}; September 2, 1929 – March 26, 2024) was a French ]. He was a member of ], and he was its president in 2014.<ref name=":1">{{cite web|access-date=2024-04-10 |date=2018-06-03 |language=fr-FR |title=Académie des Sciences Morales et Politiques |url=https://academiesciencesmoralesetpolitiques.fr/membres-titulaires/section-i-philosophie-2/bernard-bourgeois/ |website=Académie des Sciences Morales et Politiques}}<!-- auto-translated from French by Module:CS1 translator --></ref> He was a specialist in the history of modern ], from ] to ], and in particular ], several of whose works he translated into the French language. His fields of study include ] and ], ] and ], the ], the relationship between religion and philosophy, and ].

He was a specialist in the history of modern ], from ] to ], and in particular ], several of whose works he translated into French language.

His fields of study include ] and ], ] and ], the ], the relationship between religion and philosophy, and ].


== Biography == == Biography ==
Bernard Bourgeois graduated from the ] in 1951. He received his agrégation in philosophy in 1954.<ref>{{Lien web|langue=fr|titre=Les agrégés de l'enseignement secondaire. Répertoire 1809-1960|url=http://rhe.ish-lyon.cnrs.fr/?q=agregsecondaire_laureats&nom=bourgeois&annee_op=%3D&annee%5Bvalue%5D=&annee%5Bmin%5D=&annee%5Bmax%5D=&periode=All&concours=All&items_per_page=10&page=1|site=rhe.ish-lyon.cnrs.fr}}.</ref> Bernard Bourgeois graduated from the ] in 1951. He received his agrégation in philosophy in 1954.<ref>{{cite web|language=fr |title=Les agrégés de l'enseignement secondaire. Répertoire 1809-1960 |url=http://rhe.ish-lyon.cnrs.fr/?q=agregsecondaire_laureats&nom=bourgeois&annee_op=%3D&annee%5Bvalue%5D=&annee%5Bmin%5D=&annee%5Bmax%5D=&periode=All&concours=All&items_per_page=10&page=1 |website=rhe.ish-lyon.cnrs.fr}}<!-- auto-translated from French by Module:CS1 translator -->.</ref>


After his military service as a rifle officer in Algeria (1954-1957), he taught at the Lycée de ] from 1957 to 1963. He then taught at the ]. He obtained his doctorate from ] ] in 1972, and went on to become a professor at the ], then the ] until 1989. In March 1979, he was elected vice-president of teaching at Lyon-III, and expressed his concerns about the university's situation. In 1989, he was elected professor at the ]. After his military service as a rifle officer in ] (1954–1957), he taught at the ] de ] from 1957 to 1963. He then taught at the ]. He obtained his doctorate from ] ] in 1972, and went on to become a professor at the ], then the ] until 1989. In March 1979, he was elected vice-president of teaching at Lyon-III, and expressed his concerns about the university's situation.<ref> ] (2001), </ref> In 1989, he was elected professor at the ].<ref name=":1" />


At the same time, he assumed numerous institutional responsibilities as Dean of the Faculty of Lyon, member of the Conseil national des universités, member of the French Commission for]. From 1991 to 2010 he chaired the Société française de philosophie<ref>{{Cite web |date=23-04-2019 |title=Bernard Bourgeois - Le Sens Critique |url=http://le-sens-critique.fr/bernard-bourgeois/ |access-date=03-10-2020 |website=Le Sens Critique}}.</ref>. At the same time, he assumed numerous institutional responsibilities as dean of the Faculty of Lyon, member of the Conseil national des universités, member of the French Commission for ]. From 1991 to 2010 he chaired the Société française de philosophie.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-04-23 |title=Bernard Bourgeois - Le Sens Critique |url=http://le-sens-critique.fr/bernard-bourgeois/ |access-date=2020-03-10 |website=Le Sens Critique}}.</ref>


He was also director of the '']'', and has been a member of the Board of Directors of "Fondation ] – éthique et solidarité humaine" since its creation in 2000. He was also director of the '']'', and has been a member of the Board of Directors of "Fondation ] – éthique et solidarité humaine" since its creation in 2000.


As an ]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Bernard Bourgeois |url=https://www.franceculture.fr/personne-bernard-bourgeois.html |website=franceculture.fr |language=fr}}.</ref>, he was elected on December 2, 2002 to the ] in the philosophy section, to Olivier Lacombe's chair. He was delegated to the Séance solennelle des Cinq Académies in 2008, and presided over the Académie in 2014<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Bernard Bourgeois |url=https://academiesciencesmoralesetpolitiques.fr/membres-titulaires/section-i-philosophie-2/bernard-bourgeois/ |website=academiesciencesmoralesetpolitiques.fr |language=fr}}.</ref>. As an ],<ref>{{Cite web |title=Bernard Bourgeois |url=https://www.franceculture.fr/personne-bernard-bourgeois.html |website=franceculture.fr |language=fr}}.</ref> he was elected on December 2, 2002, to the ] in the philosophy section, to Olivier Lacombe's chair. He was delegated to the Séance solennelle des Cinq Académies in 2008, and presided over the Académie in 2014.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Bernard Bourgeois |url=https://academiesciencesmoralesetpolitiques.fr/membres-titulaires/section-i-philosophie-2/bernard-bourgeois/ |website=academiesciencesmoralesetpolitiques.fr |date=3 June 2018 |language=fr}}.</ref>


== Bourgeois and Hegel == == Bourgeois and Hegel ==
Bernard Bourgeois's work on Hegel's philosophy is situated within the problematics of ] inaugurated by ] and ], and continued with ]. At the time, Hegel was a dominant philosophical figure around whom several philosophical currents – ], ], ] and soon ] –crystallized.<ref name=":022">{{Lien web|langue=fr|titre=Entretien avec un philosophe académicien : "C’est difficile… mais notre époque doit s’estimer heureuse"|url=https://www.lejsl.com/politique/2020/10/31/c-est-difficile-mais-notre-epoque-doit-s-estimer-heureuse|site=lejsl.com|date=31 octobre 2020}}.</ref> Bernard Bourgeois's work on Hegel's philosophy is situated within the problematics of ] inaugurated by ] and ], and continued with ]. At the time, Hegel was a dominant philosophical figure around whom several philosophical currents – ], ], ] and soon ] –crystallized.<ref name=":022">{{cite web|date=31 October 2020 |language=fr |title=Entretien avec un philosophe académicien : "C'est difficile… mais notre époque doit s'estimer heureuse" |url=https://www.lejsl.com/politique/2020/10/31/c-est-difficile-mais-notre-epoque-doit-s-estimer-heureuse |website=lejsl.com}}<!-- auto-translated from French by Module:CS1 translator -->.</ref>


Bourgeois saw Hegelianism not as an antecedent of Marxism, but contrary to Marxism as a parenthesis of history, as the philosophy of freedom.<ref name=":03">{{Lien web|langue=fr|titre=Bernard Bourgeois|url=https://academiesciencesmoralesetpolitiques.fr/membres-titulaires/section-i-philosophie-2/bernard-bourgeois/|site=academiesciencesmoralesetpolitiques.fr}}.</ref><ref></ref> He began a polemic against ]'s doctrine of the ], which sees ] as the end point of humanity's ideological evolution.<ref>Voir ''La Raison moderne et le droit politique'', Paris, Vrin, 2000</ref> Bourgeois saw Hegelianism not as an antecedent of Marxism, but contrary to Marxism as a parenthesis of history, as the philosophy of freedom.<ref name=":0" /> He began a polemic against ]'s doctrine of the ], which sees ] as the end point of humanity's ideological evolution.<ref>Voir ''La Raison moderne et le droit politique'', Paris, Vrin, 2000</ref>


== Honors == == Honors ==


* ] ]<ref name=":0"/>
* ]<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Bernard Bourgeois |url=https://academiesciencesmoralesetpolitiques.fr/membres-titulaires/section-i-philosophie-2/bernard-bourgeois/ |website=academiesciencesmoralesetpolitiques.fr |language=fr}}.</ref>
* ] ]<ref name=":0" /> * ] ]<ref name=":0" />


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==== Biographical note ==== ==== Biographical note ====


* Bernard Deloche, "PERSONNAGES/Bref panorama de la philosophie lyonnaise du XXe siècle", Histoires lyonnaises, carnet de recherches, {{Date-|décembre 2018}} (https://lyonnais.hypotheses.org/4113, consulté le {{Date-|19 août 2019}}). * Bernard Deloche, "PERSONNAGES/Bref panorama de la philosophie lyonnaise du XXe siècle", Histoires lyonnaises, carnet de recherches, décembre 2018 (https://lyonnais.hypotheses.org/4113, consulté le 19 août 2019).


==== Tributes ==== ==== Tributes ====
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* 2004 - Cérémonie de remise de l'épée d'académicien à Bernard Bourgeois, Sorbonne, 2004. * 2004 - Cérémonie de remise de l'épée d'académicien à Bernard Bourgeois, Sorbonne, 2004.
* 2007 - L'héritage de la raison : Hommage à Bernard Bourgeois, éd. ] et Franck Fischbach * 2007 - L'héritage de la raison : Hommage à Bernard Bourgeois, éd. ] et Franck Fischbach

'''Studies''' ==== Studies ====
* Robert Jordens, « Bernard Bourgeois, ''L'idéalisme de Fichte'' » , in '']''. Quatrième série, tome 69, n°3, 1971. {{P.|425}}, . * Robert Jordens, « Bernard Bourgeois, ''L'idéalisme de Fichte'' » , in '']''. Quatrième série, tome 69, n°3, 1971. {{P.|425}}, .


=== External Links === === External links ===

{{Liens}}
* Research resources: •
* Entries in dictionaries or general encyclopedias: •
{{Portail|philosophie|universités|France
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Latest revision as of 14:42, 28 December 2024

French philosopher (1929–2024)
Bernard Bourgeois
Born2 September 1929 Edit this on Wikidata
Varennes-Saint-Sauveur Edit this on Wikidata
Died26 March 2024 Edit this on Wikidata (aged 94)
Viriat Edit this on Wikidata
EducationDoctor of Arts Edit this on Wikidata
Alma mater

Bernard Bourgeois (French pronunciation: [bɛʁnaʁ buʁʒwa]; September 2, 1929 – March 26, 2024) was a French philosopher. He was a member of Académie des Sciences Morales et Politiques, and he was its president in 2014. He was a specialist in the history of modern German philosophy, from Kant to Marx, and in particular Hegel, several of whose works he translated into the French language. His fields of study include logic and dialectics, reason and political law, the philosophy of history, the relationship between religion and philosophy, and pedagogy.

Biography

Bernard Bourgeois graduated from the École normale supérieure in 1951. He received his agrégation in philosophy in 1954.

After his military service as a rifle officer in Algeria (1954–1957), he taught at the Lycée de Mâcon from 1957 to 1963. He then taught at the Faculté des Lettres et des Sciences humaines de Lyon. He obtained his doctorate from Paris-Sorbonne University in 1972, and went on to become a professor at the University of Lyon 2, then the University of Lyon-III until 1989. In March 1979, he was elected vice-president of teaching at Lyon-III, and expressed his concerns about the university's situation. In 1989, he was elected professor at the Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne University.

At the same time, he assumed numerous institutional responsibilities as dean of the Faculty of Lyon, member of the Conseil national des universités, member of the French Commission for UNESCO. From 1991 to 2010 he chaired the Société française de philosophie.

He was also director of the Revue de métaphysique et de morale, and has been a member of the Board of Directors of "Fondation Ostad Elahi – éthique et solidarité humaine" since its creation in 2000.

As an emeritus professor, he was elected on December 2, 2002, to the Académie des sciences morales et politiques in the philosophy section, to Olivier Lacombe's chair. He was delegated to the Séance solennelle des Cinq Académies in 2008, and presided over the Académie in 2014.

Bourgeois and Hegel

Bernard Bourgeois's work on Hegel's philosophy is situated within the problematics of twentieth-century French philosophy inaugurated by Jean Wahl and Alexandre Kojève, and continued with Jean Hyppolite. At the time, Hegel was a dominant philosophical figure around whom several philosophical currents – existentialism, phenomenology, Marxism and soon deconstruction –crystallized.

Bourgeois saw Hegelianism not as an antecedent of Marxism, but contrary to Marxism as a parenthesis of history, as the philosophy of freedom. He began a polemic against Francis Fukuyama's doctrine of the end of history, which sees liberal democracy as the end point of humanity's ideological evolution.

Honors

Publications

  • L’idéalisme de Fichte, Paris, PUF, 1968 (réédition Vrin, 1985)
  • La pensée politique de Hegel, Paris, PUF, 1969
  • Hegel à Francfort ou Judaïsme, Christianisme, Hégélianisme, Paris, Vrin, 1970
  • Le droit naturel de Hegel. Commentaire, Paris, Vrin, 1986
  • Philosophie et droits de l’homme, Paris, PUF, 1990
  • Éternité et historicité de l’Esprit selon Hegel, Paris, Vrin, 1991
  • Études hégéliennes. Raison et décision, Paris, PUF, 1992
  • La philosophie allemande classique, Paris, PUF, 1995
  • Hegel, Paris, Ellipses, 1998
  • Fichte, Paris, Ellipses, 2000
  • Le vocabulaire de Fichte, Paris, Ellipses, 2000
  • Le vocabulaire de Hegel, Paris, Ellipses, 2000
  • L’idéalisme allemand : Alternatives et progrès, Paris, Vrin, 2000
  • La raison moderne et le droit politique, Paris, Vrin, 2000
  • Hegel. Les actes de l’Esprit, Paris, Vrin, 2001
  • Les sciences morales et politiques , Paris, Hermann, 2016
  • Sept questions politiques du jour, Paris, Vrin, 2017
  • Penser l’histoire du présent avec Hegel, Paris, Vrin, 2017
  • Sur l’histoire ou la politique, Paris, Vrin, 2018
  • Pour Hegel, Paris, Vrin, 2019

Translations

  • Hegel, Encyclopédie des sciences philosophiques, I : La science de la logique, Paris, Vrin, 1970
  • Hegel, Des manières de traiter scientifiquement du droit naturel, Paris, Vrin, 1972
  • Hegel, Textes pédagogiques, Paris, Vrin, 1978
  • Hegel, Encyclopédie des sciences philosophiques, III : Philosophie de l’esprit, Paris, Vrin, 1988
  • Hegel, Concepts préliminaires de l’Encyclopédie des sciences philosophiques, Paris, Vrin, 1994
  • Hegel, Préface. Introduction à la Phénoménologie de l’Esprit, Paris, Vrin, 1997
  • Hegel, Encyclopédie des sciences philosophiques, II : Philosophie de la Nature, Paris, Vrin, 2004
  • Hegel, Phénoménologie de l'Esprit, Paris, Vrin, 2006
  • Hegel, Science de la logique, I : L'Être, Paris, Vrin, 2015
  • Hegel, Science de la logique, II : L'essence, Paris, Vrin, 2016
  • Hegel, Science de la logique, III : Le concept, Paris, Vrin, 2016

Notes and references

  1. ^ "Académie des Sciences Morales et Politiques". Académie des Sciences Morales et Politiques (in French). 2018-06-03. Retrieved 2024-04-10.
  2. "Les agrégés de l'enseignement secondaire. Répertoire 1809-1960". rhe.ish-lyon.cnrs.fr (in French)..
  3. Rapport Rousso (2001), chap. II, p.45
  4. "Bernard Bourgeois - Le Sens Critique". Le Sens Critique. 2019-04-23. Retrieved 2020-03-10..
  5. "Bernard Bourgeois". franceculture.fr (in French)..
  6. ^ "Bernard Bourgeois". academiesciencesmoralesetpolitiques.fr (in French). 3 June 2018..
  7. "Entretien avec un philosophe académicien : "C'est difficile… mais notre époque doit s'estimer heureuse"". lejsl.com (in French). 31 October 2020..
  8. Voir La Raison moderne et le droit politique, Paris, Vrin, 2000

See also

Related articles

Bibliography

Biographical note

  • Bernard Deloche, "PERSONNAGES/Bref panorama de la philosophie lyonnaise du XXe siècle", Histoires lyonnaises, carnet de recherches, décembre 2018 (https://lyonnais.hypotheses.org/4113, consulté le 19 août 2019).

Tributes

  • 2000 - Autour de Hegel : Hommage à Bernard Bourgeois, éd. François Dagognet et Pierre Osmo
  • 2004 - Cérémonie de remise de l'épée d'académicien à Bernard Bourgeois, Sorbonne, 2004.
  • 2007 - L'héritage de la raison : Hommage à Bernard Bourgeois, éd. Emmanuel Cattin et Franck Fischbach

Studies

  • Robert Jordens, « Bernard Bourgeois, L'idéalisme de Fichte » , in Revue philosophique de Louvain. Quatrième série, tome 69, n°3, 1971. p. 425, .

External links

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