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Revision as of 17:42, 26 December 2024 editCROIX (talk | contribs)Autopatrolled, Extended confirmed users11,494 edits ←Created page with '{{Use Antiguan and Barbudan English|date=December 2024}} {{Infobox historical era|start=2004|end=2014|primeministers=Baldwin Spencer|before=Late Bird era (2004–2014)|name=Return to democracy}} The '''history of Antigua and Barbuda from 2004 until 2014''' began with the first democratic transfer of power in Antigua and Barbuda since 1971, and ended with the election of...'Tags: content sourced to vanity press Visual edit Disambiguation links added  Latest revision as of 01:33, 27 December 2024 edit undoJosve05a (talk | contribs)Autopatrolled, Extended confirmed users, New page reviewers, Pending changes reviewers, Rollbackers154,229 editsm →References: clean up, removed stub tagTag: AWB 
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{{Use Antiguan and Barbudan English|date=December 2024}} {{Use Antiguan and Barbudan English|date=December 2024}}
{{Infobox historical era|start=2004|end=2014|primeministers=]|before=]|name=Return to democracy}} {{Infobox historical era|start=2004|end=2014|primeministers=]|before=]|name=Post-Bird era|after=]}}
The '''history of Antigua and Barbuda from 2004 until 2014''' began with the first democratic transfer of power in Antigua and Barbuda since ], and ended with the election of ] as prime minister in 2014. The '''history of Antigua and Barbuda from 2004 until 2014''' began with the first democratic transfer of power in Antigua and Barbuda since ], and ended with the election of ] as prime minister in 2014.


== 2004–2009 == == 2004–2009 ==
After the establishment of the ] in 2001, the country began to return to democracy after nearly about half a century of Bird family rule, excluding a brief period in the 1970s when the family was removed from political power for five years.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=Freedom in the World 1998-1999 |url=https://freedomhouse.org/sites/default/files/2020-02/Freedom_in_the_World_1993-1994_complete_book.pdf}}</ref> On 23 March 2004, the first democratic elections since independence were held, resulting in the United Progressive Party and its allies winning a combined total of thirteen seats in Parliament.<ref> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210629193544/http://www.caribbeanelections.com/ag/elections/ag_results_2004.asp|date=29 June 2021}} Caribbean Elections</ref> Spencer was sworn in the next day, and due to now-improved ties between the islands, a Barbudan was appointed to the ] for the first time.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2009-10-30 |title=Antigua Opposition Celebrates Election of New PM - 2004-03-24 |url=https://www.voanews.com/a/a-13-a-2004-03-24-44-antigua/292095.html |access-date=2024-12-26 |website=Voice of America |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Political parties of the world |url=https://epdf.tips/political-parties-of-the-world690e3f5833bacb27b676dca34399ba2e84816.html}}</ref> Following this election, the first few years of the UPP administration were focused on ending corruption,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Political affairs of 2007 |url=http://www.antiguasun.com/paper/?as=view&sun=281935077507132005&an=140029119612282007&ac=Columnist |access-date=2024-12-26 |website=Antigua Sun}}</ref> and by 2007 a new governor-general was appointed, ].<ref>{{cite web |title=Jamaica Gleaner News - Antigua's first female G-G sworn in - Thursday &#124; July 19, 2007 |url=http://www.jamaica-gleaner.com/gleaner/20070719/carib/carib3.html |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927021541/http://www.jamaica-gleaner.com/gleaner/20070719/carib/carib3.html |archivedate=27 September 2007 |accessdate=19 July 2007}}</ref> Also in 2007, Antigua hosted the Cricket World Cup, but due to unsafe conditions at the ], the government was publicly humiliated.<ref name=":0">https://www.oas.org/sap/docs/misiones/antiga%20and%20barbuda%202009.pdf</ref> However, Antigua and Barbuda was able to defeat the United States in a court case involving its online gambling industry, resulting in an increased standing in the non-aligned world and assuming of the leadership of the ].<ref>https://freedomhouse.org/sites/default/files/2020-02/Freedom_in_the_World_2009_complete_book.pdf</ref> In 2008, a wave of crime began, resulting in the ] and cramping of inmates in the country's only prison, resulting in a deterioration of the tourism industry's reputation.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Antigua and Barbuda |url=https://2009-2017.state.gov/j/drl/rls/hrrpt/2009/wha/136097.htm |access-date=2024-12-26 |website=U.S. Department of State}}</ref><ref name=":0" /> The ] controversy served as a final blow to the government's reputation, just a month before the general election.<ref>{{Cite book |author=Chidem Kurdas |title=Political Sticky Wicket: the Untouchable Ponzi Scheme of Allen Stanford |date=September 15, 2012 |publisher=CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform |isbn=978-1479257584}}</ref> After the establishment of the ] in 2001, the country began to return to democracy after nearly about half a century of Bird family rule, excluding a brief period in the 1970s when the family was removed from political power for five years.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=Freedom in the World 1998-1999 |url=https://freedomhouse.org/sites/default/files/2020-02/Freedom_in_the_World_1993-1994_complete_book.pdf}}</ref> On 23 March 2004, the first democratic elections since independence were held, resulting in the United Progressive Party and its allies winning a combined total of thirteen seats in Parliament.<ref> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210629193544/http://www.caribbeanelections.com/ag/elections/ag_results_2004.asp|date=29 June 2021}} Caribbean Elections</ref> Spencer was sworn in the next day, and due to now-improved ties between the islands, a Barbudan was appointed to the ] for the first time.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2009-10-30 |title=Antigua Opposition Celebrates Election of New PM - 2004-03-24 |url=https://www.voanews.com/a/a-13-a-2004-03-24-44-antigua/292095.html |access-date=2024-12-26 |website=Voice of America |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Political parties of the world |url=https://epdf.tips/political-parties-of-the-world690e3f5833bacb27b676dca34399ba2e84816.html}}</ref> Following this election, the first few years of the UPP administration were focused on ending corruption,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Political affairs of 2007 |url=http://www.antiguasun.com/paper/?as=view&sun=281935077507132005&an=140029119612282007&ac=Columnist |access-date=2024-12-26 |website=Antigua Sun}}</ref> and by 2007 a new governor-general was appointed, ].<ref>{{cite web |title=Jamaica Gleaner News - Antigua's first female G-G sworn in - Thursday &#124; July 19, 2007 |url=http://www.jamaica-gleaner.com/gleaner/20070719/carib/carib3.html |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927021541/http://www.jamaica-gleaner.com/gleaner/20070719/carib/carib3.html |archivedate=27 September 2007 |accessdate=19 July 2007}}</ref> Also in 2007, Antigua hosted the Cricket World Cup, but due to unsafe conditions at the ], the government was publicly humiliated.<ref name=":0">https://www.oas.org/sap/docs/misiones/antiga%20and%20barbuda%202009.pdf</ref> However, Antigua and Barbuda was able to defeat the United States in a court case involving its online gambling industry, resulting in an increased standing in the non-aligned world and assuming of the leadership of the ].<ref>https://freedomhouse.org/sites/default/files/2020-02/Freedom_in_the_World_2009_complete_book.pdf</ref> In 2008, a wave of crime began, resulting in the ] and cramping of inmates in the country's only prison, resulting in a deterioration of the tourism industry's reputation.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Antigua and Barbuda |url=https://2009-2017.state.gov/j/drl/rls/hrrpt/2009/wha/136097.htm |access-date=2024-12-26 |website=U.S. Department of State}}</ref><ref name=":0" /> The ] controversy served as a final blow to the government's reputation, just a month before the general election.<ref name="flybynight">, CNBC, February 18, 2009.</ref>


== 2009–2014 == == 2009–2014 ==
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{{Antigua and Barbuda topics|state=collapsed}} {{Antigua and Barbuda topics|state=collapsed}}

] ]
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Latest revision as of 01:33, 27 December 2024

Post-Bird era
2004–2014
Prime Minister(s)Baldwin Spencer
Chronology
Late Bird era (1994–2004) 2014–present class-skin-invert-image

The history of Antigua and Barbuda from 2004 until 2014 began with the first democratic transfer of power in Antigua and Barbuda since 1976, and ended with the election of Gaston Browne as prime minister in 2014.

2004–2009

After the establishment of the Antigua and Barbuda Electoral Commission in 2001, the country began to return to democracy after nearly about half a century of Bird family rule, excluding a brief period in the 1970s when the family was removed from political power for five years. On 23 March 2004, the first democratic elections since independence were held, resulting in the United Progressive Party and its allies winning a combined total of thirteen seats in Parliament. Spencer was sworn in the next day, and due to now-improved ties between the islands, a Barbudan was appointed to the Cabinet for the first time. Following this election, the first few years of the UPP administration were focused on ending corruption, and by 2007 a new governor-general was appointed, Louise Lake-Tack. Also in 2007, Antigua hosted the Cricket World Cup, but due to unsafe conditions at the Sir Vivian Richards Stadium, the government was publicly humiliated. However, Antigua and Barbuda was able to defeat the United States in a court case involving its online gambling industry, resulting in an increased standing in the non-aligned world and assuming of the leadership of the Group of 77. In 2008, a wave of crime began, resulting in the Antigua honeymoon murders and cramping of inmates in the country's only prison, resulting in a deterioration of the tourism industry's reputation. The Allen Stanford controversy served as a final blow to the government's reputation, just a month before the general election.

2009–2014

On 12 March 2009, a general election was held. It was the closest election in the country's history until 2023. Spencer was sworn in as prime minister the next day, but doubts began to surface. The Labour Party successfully petitioned to the high court for results in four constituencies to be annulled on 21 March, but the decision was successfully appealed by the government on 24 October 2010. Due to the financial crisis, unemployment rose by twenty percent, and the reputation of the UPP government began to disintegrate. The citizenship by investment program was also introduced during this time, which resulted in heavy criticism and the dismissal of four dissenting senators. Electoral reenrollment around this time was also plagued with obstacles. While Antigua and Barbuda retained a relatively high human development index during this period, the aftermath of the financial crisis resulted in a decline that did not recover until 2013.

References

  1. "Freedom in the World 1998-1999" (PDF).
  2. Antigua and Barbuda: 2004 election results Archived 29 June 2021 at the Wayback Machine Caribbean Elections
  3. "Antigua Opposition Celebrates Election of New PM - 2004-03-24". Voice of America. 2009-10-30. Retrieved 2024-12-26.
  4. "Political parties of the world".
  5. "Political affairs of 2007". Antigua Sun. Retrieved 2024-12-26.
  6. "Jamaica Gleaner News - Antigua's first female G-G sworn in - Thursday | July 19, 2007". Archived from the original on 27 September 2007. Retrieved 19 July 2007.
  7. ^ https://www.oas.org/sap/docs/misiones/antiga%20and%20barbuda%202009.pdf
  8. https://freedomhouse.org/sites/default/files/2020-02/Freedom_in_the_World_2009_complete_book.pdf
  9. "Antigua and Barbuda". U.S. Department of State. Retrieved 2024-12-26.
  10. "Stanford Financial Chief Tried to Flee Country: Source", CNBC, February 18, 2009.
  11. "Antigua and Barbuda General Election Results 2009". web.archive.org. 2021-05-18. Retrieved 2024-12-26.
  12. "Antigua and Barbuda General Election Results 2009". web.archive.org. 2021-05-18. Retrieved 2024-12-26.
  13. http://archive.ipu.org/parline-e/reports/arc/2009_09.htm
  14. "IPU PARLINE database: ANTIGUA AND BARBUDA (House of Representatives), ELECTIONS IN 2014". archive.ipu.org. Retrieved 2024-12-26.
  15. "Freedom in the World 2014 - Antigua and Barbuda". Refworld. Retrieved 2024-12-26.
  16. https://www.undp.org/sites/g/files/zskgke326/files/migration/latinamerica/UNDP-RBLAC-BriefingNote-HumanDevelopmentReportBB.pdf
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