Shooting ranges in the United States: Difference between revisions

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			{{Short description\|none}}
	] on an indoor range in ].]]
			{{Multiple issues\|{{more citations needed\|date=December 2014}}
			{{Purpose\|date=July 2024\|reason=Unclear what this page is offering that ] doesn't - what is special or unique about shooting ranges in the US vs anywhere else in the world? e.g. simply saying "a variety of outdoor ranges are operated" is pointless. The same is true of many countries.}}
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	{{main\|Shooting range}}		{{main\|Shooting range}}
			{{Use American English\|date=December 2023}}
	There are many '''shooting ranges''' in the ] open to the public, both indoor and outdoor. Usually, both privately owned guns or rental guns rented from the shooting range may be used, although there are some public ranges (relatively few) that only permit their own leased guns to be used. Those that only permit their own leased guns are most often those few ranges catering to international tourists in major tourist destinations (e.g., Orlando, FL, etc.) Usually, there is adequate instruction of rental guns at shooting ranges by a range master or other individual to enable easily learning any rental gun in just a few minutes. Each shooting range facility in the United States is typically overseen by one or more ''range master(s)'' to ensure ] rules are stringently followed at all times.
			Indoor and outdoor '''shooting ranges''' exist throughout the ]. Tourist destinations in gun-friendly U.S. states often have rental ranges catering to domestic and international tourists.

			Target shooting is generally allowed on public land administered by the ]; a great deal of target shooting is done unsupervised, outside purpose-built (or organised) ranges.<ref name="BLM-Rec"/>
	==Specialized classes and licenses==
	Typically, no license or advanced training beyond just gun familiarization (for rental guns) and range rules familiarization is usually required for using a shooting range in the United States; the only common requirement is that the shooter must be at least 18 or 21 years old (or have a legal guardian present), and must sign a waiver prior to shooting.

			Supervised and commercial shooting ranges in the United States are typically overseen by one or more range officers to ensure that ] rules are followed.
	Self-defense classes are also usually available for a fee at shooting ranges, covering gun use in much more detail.

			==Classes and licenses==
	Some states additionally permit anyone to obtain a ] license upon taking a short course, and shooting ranges often schedule such classes, usually on a Saturday. For example, in Florida, the typical cost for a 4 hour long ] course is $35-50, covering in-class lectures, the taking of 2 passport style photos, and assistance with filling out the paperwork, and the fee for going to the shooting range and firing an actual gun, after which one has all the necessary paperwork and training certificates needed to apply to the state, pay a fee of $117, and obtain a CCW license within a few months. By reciprocity, such a CCW license is recognized in over 30 states for Florida non-residents, and in 37 states for Florida residents. Similar reciprocity agreements exist with nearly all CCW licenses from all states that issue them.
			Self-defense classes may be available for a fee at commercial ranges. Some ranges offer a class for ] licenses, which are available in almost every state. Many tourist-oriented ranges offer rental firearms and safety lessons to foreign nationals.<ref>{{Cite web \|date=2022-06-01 \|title=Yes, Foreign Nationals May Rent and Shoot Guns* \|url=https://damagefactory.com/yes-foreign-nationals-may-rent-and-shoot-guns/ \|access-date=2022-06-05 \|website=Damage Factory \|language=en-US}}</ref>

			== Locations ==
	==Where shooting ranges are located==
			], ]]]
			Shooting ranges exist in most parts of the US, with the exception of cities in the states of Hawaii, ], ], ], ] and ] with strict ] laws.{{cn\|date=July 2024}}

			Private or restricted-access shooting ranges are owned and used by police departments, private companies, private membership shooting clubs, and the military for qualification or firearms practice and training. These private ranges may have features absent from public ranges, such as being able to accommodate large-caliber rifles and automatic firearms.{{cn\|date=July 2024}}
	Most cities in the United States with a population of 50,000 or more have one or more public-access shooting ranges. Exceptions include cities in the states of Hawaii, California, Massachusetts, New York, New Jersey, Illinois, and Washington, DC, all known for gun control policies in general, where the numbers of ranges may be only one for every few hundred thousand people, or none at all.

			=={{anchor\|Types of Ranges}}Types==
	Throughout much of the rest of the United States, especially in areas where the dominant side of the ] debate leans towards gun rights, and where no license is usually required to own a handgun or rifle or shotgun, and there is often no requirement even to show any identification prior to buying ammo, the typical number of ranges approaches one for every 15,000 to 25,000 people.
			==={{anchor\|Outdoor ranges}}Outdoor===
			A variety of privately-operated outdoor ranges and public-access ranges operated by state and federal agencies on public land exist.{{cn\|date=July 2024}}

			=== {{anchor\|Indoor ranges}}Indoor ===
	Of particular interest to international tourists interested in public-access shooting ranges in the United States while on holiday, especially gun-friendly states include Kentucky, Nevada, Tennessee, Florida, Alabama, Georgia, Arizona, and Utah, among others. All of these typically have public-access shooting ranges with rental guns available at a very modest fee. Ammo costs for rental guns varies, of course, but ] (usually the cheapest service caliber round) is often available for around $11 per 100 at ], or slightly higher ($13-14) at most public-access shooting ranges. Costs of ] cartridges often run less than $0.02 per round.
			An estimated 16,000 to 18,000 indoor firing ranges are in operation.<ref name=niosh>Kardous, Chucri. . National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. May 18, 2009.</ref>

			==={{anchor\|Informal Ranges}}Informal===
	Private or restricted-access shooting ranges are also owned and used by police departments, private companies, private membership shooting clubs, and the military for qualification and/or continued firearms practice and training. These private ranges typically have more-specialized features not seen in public ranges (e.g., large caliber rifle, fully automatic weapons ranges, etc.)
			Recreational target shooting is generally allowed on public land administered by the ]; much target shooting is unsupervised, outside the auspices of purpose-built or organised ranges.<ref name="BLM-Rec">{{cite web \|title=Hunting, Fishing and Recreational Shooting \|url=https://www.blm.gov/programs/recreation/recreation-programs/recreational-shooting \|website=Bureau of Land Management \|publisher=US Department of the Interior \|access-date=15 September 2023 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230825105050/https://www.blm.gov/programs/recreation/recreation-programs/recreational-shooting \|archive-date=25 August 2023 \|language=en-US \|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web \|author1=C. Moon Reed \|title=When target shooters and hikers collide \|url=https://lasvegassun.com/news/2018/jul/06/when-target-shooters-and-hikers-collide/ \|website=Las Vegas Sun \|access-date=15 September 2023 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201109042902/https://lasvegassun.com/news/2018/jul/06/when-target-shooters-and-hikers-collide/ \|archive-date=November 9, 2020 \|language=en-US \|date=July 6, 2018 \|url-status=live}}</ref> States may also allow shooting on state-administered public lands. "Dispersed recreational shooting" has resulted in a number of deaths from inappropriate and negligent practices such as attaching targets to trees and shooting without an appropriate backstop.<ref>{{cite news \|author1=Farnoush Amiri \|title=Utah teen shot and killed by stray bullet while driving near target range \|url=https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/utah-teen-shot-killed-while-driving-near-target-range-n912926 \|access-date=15 September 2023 \|work=NBC News \|date=September 25, 2018 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180925172447/https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/utah-teen-shot-killed-while-driving-near-target-range-n912926 \|archive-date=September 25, 2018 \|language=en-US \|quote=A 14-year-old Utah boy was killed after a bullet from a nearby group of target shooters missed the trees and struck him in the head, police and the boy's family said.}}</ref><ref>{{cite web \|author1=Trevor Hughes \|title=Gun rights under siege? Recreational shooting on public lands in West has officials struggling to balance sport vs. safety \|url=https://eu.usatoday.com/story/news/2018/10/24/gun-rights-america-second-amendment-under-fire-west/1497496002/ \|website=USA Today \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201109013030/https://eu.usatoday.com/story/news/2018/10/24/gun-rights-america-second-amendment-under-fire-west/1497496002/ \|archive-date=November 9, 2020 \|language=en-US \|date=October 24, 2010 \|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="denver-errant">{{cite news \|author1=Jesse Paul \|title=Man killed by errant bullet in Pike National Forest highlights growing problem \|url=https://www.denverpost.com/2015/07/10/man-killed-by-errant-bullet-in-pike-national-forest-highlights-growing-problem/ \|access-date=15 September 2023 \|work=The Denver Post \|date=July 10, 2015 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160524232823/https://www.denverpost.com/2015/07/10/man-killed-by-errant-bullet-in-pike-national-forest-highlights-growing-problem/ \|archive-date=May 24, 2016 \|language=en-US}}</ref> It is usually illegal to shoot at trees on public land.<ref>{{cite web \|title=Recreational Shooting \|url=https://snohomishcountywa.gov/2450/Recreational-Shooting \|website=Snomish County, Washington \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230602044151/https://snohomishcountywa.gov/2450/Recreational-Shooting \|archive-date=June 2, 2023 \|language=en-us \|url-status=live}}</ref>

			Concerns have been raised about criminal damage by target shooters to public lands, including the destruction of structures, vegetation and historic artefacts.<ref>{{cite news \|author1=Cait Munro \|title=Ancient Petroglyphs Damaged by Target Shooters in Utah \|url=https://news.artnet.com/art-world/ancient-petroglyphs-damaged-in-utah-328329 \|access-date=15 September 2023 \|work=Artnet News \|publisher=] \|date=August 27, 2015 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150923235221/https://news.artnet.com/art-world/ancient-petroglyphs-damaged-in-utah-328329 \|archive-date=September 23, 2015 \|language=en-US}}</ref> Littering is also cited as a problem in some areas, including abandoned empty casings and debris from unapproved targets such as old televisions, household appliances and glass bottles.<ref name="denver-errant"/>
	There are several types of shooting ranges, each catering to different classes of firearms, and meeting different needs. Some are inside buildings; others are outdoors and cover many acres.

			Unmanaged target shooting can contribute to wildfires, with dispersed recreational shooting linked to 64 Utah wildfires in 2020.<ref>{{cite web \|title=Wildland fire investigation: common wildfire causes \|url=https://www.nifc.gov/fire-information/fire-prevention-education-mitigation/wildfire-investigation#firearms \|website=National Interagency Fire Center \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230906201927/https://www.nifc.gov/fire-information/fire-prevention-education-mitigation/wildfire-investigation \|archive-date=September 6, 2023 \|language=en-US \|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web \|author1=Lexi Peery \|title=From Finger To The Flame: How Target Shooting Cause Wildfires \|url=https://www.kuer.org/health-science-environment/2021-06-28/from-finger-to-the-flame-how-target-shooting-cause-wildfires \|website=kuer90.1 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210628151943/https://www.kuer.org/health-science-environment/2021-06-28/from-finger-to-the-flame-how-target-shooting-cause-wildfires \|archive-date=June 28, 2021 \|language=en-US \|date=June 28, 2021 \|url-status=live}}</ref> Local restrictions are sometimes imposed on BLM-managed and state-owned public lands, particularly during wildfire season.<ref>{{cite web \|title=Arizona Recreational Shooting \|url=https://www.blm.gov/programs/recreation/arizona/recreational-shooting \|website=Bureau of Land Management \|publisher=US Department of the Interior \|access-date=15 September 2023 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230825105050/https://www.blm.gov/programs/recreation/recreation-programs/recreational-shooting \|archive-date=25 August 2023 \|language=en-US \|url-status=live}}</ref> Calls have been made in some areas to construct more public-access ranges in conjunction with tougher restrictions on ad-hoc shooting on public land.<ref name="denver-errant"/><ref>{{cite web \|title=Shooting Range Response \|url=https://cajadelrio.org/shootingrangeresponse/ \|website=cajadelrio.org \|publisher=Caja del Rio Coalition \|access-date=15 September 2023 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221104185758/https://cajadelrio.org/shootingrangeresponse/ \|archive-date=November 4, 2022 \|language=en-US \|url-status=live}}</ref> US ] ] introduced the Range Access Act in 2022,<ref>{{cite web \|title=H.R.9183 - Range Access Act \|url=https://www.congress.gov/bill/117th-congress/house-bill/9183 \|website=www.congress.gov \|publisher=] \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221223211338/https://www.congress.gov/bill/117th-congress/house-bill/9183 \|archive-date=December 23, 2022 \|language=en-US \|date=October 14, 2022 \|url-status=live}}</ref> which would have required each national forest and Bureau of Land Management district to provide at least one public recreational-shooting range.<ref>{{cite web \|author1=Chris Eger \|title=Bill Would Add Hundreds of Free Public Shooting Ranges \|url=https://www.guns.com/news/2022/10/17/bill-would-add-hundreds-of-free-public-shooting-ranges \|website=guns.com \|access-date=15 September 2023 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221017163211/https://www.guns.com/news/2022/10/17/bill-would-add-hundreds-of-free-public-shooting-ranges \|archive-date=October 17, 2022 \|language=en-US \|date=October 17, 2022 \|url-status=live}}</ref>
	===Outdoor ranges===
	* On a ] or ] range, the shooter aims to hit ] or ] that are mechanically-fired (or in some cases, thrown by hand) across an open field. These involve shooting clay disks also know as clay pigeons thrown in various ways. Both skeet and trap are ] and the sports are practiced by many bird hunters to sharpen their marksmanship.
	* On a ] range, shooters typically fire at targets 100-300 yards (91-275 meters) or greater distant. Many rifle ranges feature mechanized steel targets that automatically re-set upon being hit. Hunters in particular often use rifle ranges to calibrate or ''sight-in'' their weapons prior to hunting.
	* On a ] range, shooters fire ]s and ]s at stationary targets along, or at the end of, a 15-100 yard (13-91 meter) long lane.

			== See also ==
	Most outdoor ranges have established strictly-followed procedures for ensuring that a range is either '''Hot''' or '''Cold'''. Upon everyone on the shooting line agreeing for the line to go '''Hot''', actions may be closed, and magazines may be loaded, and rounds may be chambered and guns may be fired. Upon everyone on the firing line agreeing for the line to go '''Cold''', magazines must be removed, guns must be unloaded, actions opened, and all the guns must be placed on their respective shooting tables, prior to the line going "Cold". Only upon confirmation, often with everyone with their hands in the air, does the line actually go '''Cold'''. Guns may not be loaded or even touched when the line is operationally '''Cold'''.
			*]
			*]

			==References==
	Outdoor shooting ranges usually are backed by a ]ged barrier or specially-designed funnel-shaped traps to prevent bullets from ]ing back at the shooters. Many older outdoor ranges only use an earthern berm, which is often composed of sand, and called the impact berm. Most outdoor ranges additionally restrict the maximum caliber size, or have separate ranges devoted to use with rifles firing heavier caliber cartridges. Many outdoor ranges do permit the use of fully automatic weapons on specially-adapted Class III weapons ranges.
			{{Reflist}}

	The largest problem currently with outdoor ranges is the lack of sufficient area behind and beside the impact berms. This area, usually called the Surface Danger Zone or SDZ is a fan shaped geographic area that extends lengthwise to the ultimate ballistic length of the round fired. Often outdoor ranges use baffles to contain fired rounds within the range and with proper design can reduce the surface danger zone area. Guidelines for surface danger zones vary widely. The National Rifle Association maintains guidelines for range design, but often the US Military range design guidelines are more prescriptive, specific and easier to use for range design.

	===Indoor ranges===
	*On a ] range, shooters typically fire pistol caliber carbines at targets 100 yards (91 meters) distant. The common practice is to follow rules much like those required on outdoor ranges.
	* On a ] range, shooters fire ]s and ]s at stationary targets along, or at the end of, a 15-100 yard (14-91 meter) long lane. Paper or cardboard targets are hung from a dummy or target holder positioned on a slide; this arrangement allows the shooter to control the shooting distance and retrieve targets for closer inspection. The target is typically hung from a replaceable hanger attached to a mechanized or motorized assembly that can be placed at variable distances from the shooter, usually through using an electrical controlling switch to activate the motor on the moving target hanger, although some older ranges still have mechanical pulleys without motors. Common range shooting distances are 5 yards (4.5 meters) to 7 yards (6.4 meters), minimum, up to 25 yards to 33 yards (23-30 meters). Most such ranges do have minimum safety distances (set by the range master) that are permissible for shooter-to-target spacings.

	Fees for using indoor public shooting ranges vary, but a common rate is $10 per hour of use, with targets costing around $0.35 each if you do not bring your own. Additional fees usually will also pertain to damaging ] target hangers, often $2, up to damaging motors ($200), per incident. Unlike for outdoor ranges, or for indoor rifle ranges, indoor public '''handgun''' shooting ranges are usually run continuously '''Hot'''. The only exception is if a target falls from a holder and needs to be retrieved. In this rather rare scenario, the range will go '''Cold''', after all guns are placed on the firing line table with their actions open.

	Indoor ranges usually have a trap consisting of angled steel plates or shredded rubber, with reinforced baffles additionally situated along the roof and side walls. Ventilation is carefully controlled to pull smoke and lead particles away from the shooting line, and to exhaust them from the building through special HEPA filters. Such ranges also usually have an air-locked corridor for sound-proofing, with two doors at opposite ends of the egress corridor. It is an '''extreme breach of etiquette''' to open either door when the other door is also open. The most modern ranges additionally include ] technology (foam trapezoids) or shred rubber planks built into, and placed along, walls and ceiling surfaces for additional sound absorption.

	The maximum caliber size is usually posted on the door of the airlock on each particular range. Most indoor ranges restrict the use of certain magnum calibers, or the use of fully automatic weapons.

	==Common safety practices==

	Nearly all public ranges require that all guns be unloaded prior to entering, or leaving, the range facility, irrespective of whether one holds a ] license. The same is true for rental guns leaving or returning to the rental counter, going to and from the shooting range.

	Whether indoors or outdoors, all shooters are required to wear safety goggles (although some ranges will allow corrective ] as the only eye protection) as well as hearing protection (ear muffs or ear plugs) at all times when within the defined boundaries of the range, and when ranges are '''Hot'''. These must be put on prior to going through the air-locked door for indoor ranges, and kept on until once more outside the high noise area.

	Likewise, the rules of the appointed range master are to be followed at all times.

	Holster drawing and cowboy action shooting are never allowed except on specially-designated action shooting ranges, often which have additional safety requirements and equipment.

	==Cost of shooting==

	If one brings one's own guns and hearing protection earmuffs and safety glasses, it is often possible to buy a 50 round box of 9 mm ammo, rent an indoor lane for an hour, buy a target, and enjoy shooting for under $25 in the ]. Fees for outdoor ranges are often even less, often running $6.50 for 3 hours of range time; coupled with a 500 round brick of 22 LR that often runs less than $9.00, it is possible on an outdoor range to enjoy an afternoon of shooting for under $20. Rental fees vary depending on the gun and caliber for those interested in also renting a gun, but for those wishing to rent a typical, non-exotic handgun at the shooting range, costs are only modestly more.

	Many shooting ranges that cater to foreign tourists have special packaged deals for under $20 for instruction, assistance, and shooting, for tourists interested in shooting handguns. Larger caliber guns, and fully automatic weapons are also available for shooting at some shooting ranges by tourists as well. Fees for renting larger guns are only modestly more, but rental fees for fully automatic weapons can rise quickly, to hundreds of dollars, depending on the number of rounds one wishes to fire.

	Hearing protection and eye protection rental fees are modest, often available for under $2-3 each at rental gun shooting ranges.

	For those interested in more heavy use of the local shooting range, annual memberships are also available at many indoor US shooting ranges. Both individual and family memberships are often available. Typical costs vary but annual membership is usually available for around $200 USD per person, or slightly more for an entire family. Such plans typically have an "all you want" usage of the range, unlike the typical 1/2 hour or 1, 2, or 3 hour rental time slots when renting a shooting lane as an occasional shooter. For anyone shooting more than 8-10 times a year, annual membership is often cheaper than paying by the hourly rate. For the more exotic outdoor sporting club private ranges, mandatory annual membership in the ] is also usually required.

	==Environmental issues==

	Over the last decade, many outdoor publicly owned ranges in Government-owned facilities and parks in the United States have been temporarily closed due to concerns regarding lead-contamination and ground water contamination issues on public property, mostly a result of legislator responses to ] issues. Privately owned facilities have largely gone unbothered by recently-passed regulatory changes. ] issues are a concern for shooting enthusiasts, who feel that their access to public shooting ranges is being infringed.

	Almost all outdoor ranges are under scrutiny because many were poorly designed and lack the Surface Danger Zones required for safe operation. Though they existed in this form for many years without problems, the encroachment from residential and commercial growth along property lines have increased concerns over safety.

	==See also==
	*]
	*]
	*]
	*]
	*]
	*]
	*]
	*]
	*] ("America's Oldest Active Gun Club")
	*]
	*]
	*]
	*]
	*]
	*]
	*]

	==External links==		==External links==
			* . National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health.
			* https://www.epa.gov/lead/best-management-practices-lead-outdoor-shooting-ranges

			]
	*
			]

	]
	]
	]

	]		]

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Main article: Shooting range

Indoor and outdoor shooting ranges exist throughout the United States. Tourist destinations in gun-friendly U.S. states often have rental ranges catering to domestic and international tourists.

Target shooting is generally allowed on public land administered by the Bureau of Land Management; a great deal of target shooting is done unsupervised, outside purpose-built (or organised) ranges.

Supervised and commercial shooting ranges in the United States are typically overseen by one or more range officers to ensure that gun safety rules are followed.

Classes and licenses

Self-defense classes may be available for a fee at commercial ranges. Some ranges offer a class for concealed-carry licenses, which are available in almost every state. Many tourist-oriented ranges offer rental firearms and safety lessons to foreign nationals.

Locations

Shooting ranges exist in most parts of the US, with the exception of cities in the states of Hawaii, California, Massachusetts, New York, New Jersey and Illinois with strict gun control laws.

Private or restricted-access shooting ranges are owned and used by police departments, private companies, private membership shooting clubs, and the military for qualification or firearms practice and training. These private ranges may have features absent from public ranges, such as being able to accommodate large-caliber rifles and automatic firearms.

Types

Outdoor

A variety of privately-operated outdoor ranges and public-access ranges operated by state and federal agencies on public land exist.

Indoor

An estimated 16,000 to 18,000 indoor firing ranges are in operation.

Informal

Recreational target shooting is generally allowed on public land administered by the Bureau of Land Management; much target shooting is unsupervised, outside the auspices of purpose-built or organised ranges. States may also allow shooting on state-administered public lands. "Dispersed recreational shooting" has resulted in a number of deaths from inappropriate and negligent practices such as attaching targets to trees and shooting without an appropriate backstop. It is usually illegal to shoot at trees on public land.

Concerns have been raised about criminal damage by target shooters to public lands, including the destruction of structures, vegetation and historic artefacts. Littering is also cited as a problem in some areas, including abandoned empty casings and debris from unapproved targets such as old televisions, household appliances and glass bottles.

Unmanaged target shooting can contribute to wildfires, with dispersed recreational shooting linked to 64 Utah wildfires in 2020. Local restrictions are sometimes imposed on BLM-managed and state-owned public lands, particularly during wildfire season. Calls have been made in some areas to construct more public-access ranges in conjunction with tougher restrictions on ad-hoc shooting on public land. US Congressman Blake Moore introduced the Range Access Act in 2022, which would have required each national forest and Bureau of Land Management district to provide at least one public recreational-shooting range.

References

^ "Hunting, Fishing and Recreational Shooting". Bureau of Land Management. US Department of the Interior. Archived from the original on 25 August 2023. Retrieved 15 September 2023.
"Yes, Foreign Nationals May Rent and Shoot Guns*". Damage Factory. 2022-06-01. Retrieved 2022-06-05.
Kardous, Chucri. Take Aim at Protecting Yourself: Solutions for Preventing Lead Poisoning and Hearing Loss at Indoor Firing Ranges. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. May 18, 2009.
C. Moon Reed (July 6, 2018). "When target shooters and hikers collide". Las Vegas Sun. Archived from the original on November 9, 2020. Retrieved 15 September 2023.
Farnoush Amiri (September 25, 2018). "Utah teen shot and killed by stray bullet while driving near target range". NBC News. Archived from the original on September 25, 2018. Retrieved 15 September 2023. A 14-year-old Utah boy was killed after a bullet from a nearby group of target shooters missed the trees and struck him in the head, police and the boy's family said.
Trevor Hughes (October 24, 2010). "Gun rights under siege? Recreational shooting on public lands in West has officials struggling to balance sport vs. safety". USA Today. Archived from the original on November 9, 2020.
^ Jesse Paul (July 10, 2015). "Man killed by errant bullet in Pike National Forest highlights growing problem". The Denver Post. Archived from the original on May 24, 2016. Retrieved 15 September 2023.
"Recreational Shooting". Snomish County, Washington. Archived from the original on June 2, 2023.
Cait Munro (August 27, 2015). "Ancient Petroglyphs Damaged by Target Shooters in Utah". Artnet News. Artnet. Archived from the original on September 23, 2015. Retrieved 15 September 2023.
"Wildland fire investigation: common wildfire causes". National Interagency Fire Center. Archived from the original on September 6, 2023.
Lexi Peery (June 28, 2021). "From Finger To The Flame: How Target Shooting Cause Wildfires". kuer90.1. Archived from the original on June 28, 2021.
"Arizona Recreational Shooting". Bureau of Land Management. US Department of the Interior. Archived from the original on 25 August 2023. Retrieved 15 September 2023.
"Shooting Range Response". cajadelrio.org. Caja del Rio Coalition. Archived from the original on November 4, 2022. Retrieved 15 September 2023.
"H.R.9183 - Range Access Act". www.congress.gov. Library of Congress. October 14, 2022. Archived from the original on December 23, 2022.
Chris Eger (October 17, 2022). "Bill Would Add Hundreds of Free Public Shooting Ranges". guns.com. Archived from the original on October 17, 2022. Retrieved 15 September 2023.

External links

Health and Safety: Indoor Firing Ranges. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health.
https://www.epa.gov/lead/best-management-practices-lead-outdoor-shooting-ranges

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