| Revision as of 03:47, 29 May 2007 editMixino1 (talk | contribs)254 edits →Notable Irish-Scots← Previous edit | Latest revision as of 13:57, 8 November 2024 edit undoMonkbot (talk | contribs)Bots3,695,952 editsm Task 20: replace {lang-??} templates with {langx|??} ‹See Tfd› (Replaced 1);Tag: AWB | ||
| (413 intermediate revisions by more than 100 users not shown) | |||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
| {{Short description|Ethnic group}} | |||
| Mentioned is made of the term '''Irish-Scot''' in the text of the atlas ''The Theatre of the Empire of Great Britain ''(1612} by ] (1552-1629). | |||
| {{distinguish|Scotch-Irish (disambiguation){{!}}Scotch-Irish}} | |||
| {{Multiple issues| | |||
| {{Original research|date=February 2011}} | |||
| {{One source|date=February 2011}} | |||
| }} | |||
| {{EngvarB|date=October 2013}} | |||
| {{Use dmy dates|date=October 2013}} | |||
| {{Infobox ethnic group | |||
| "This Province of ] and furthest part of ], affronteth the ], which are called the ], and are scattered in the Seas betweene both Kingdomes; whose inhabitants at this day is the Irish Scot..." | |||
| ⚫ | |group=Irish-Scots | ||
| |pop= | |||
| |popplace= ], ], ], Dumbarton, Dundee, Inverclyde | |||
| |langs= English (]/]), ], ], ] | |||
| |rels=Predominantly ], some ] | |||
| | related = ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ] | |||
| }} | |||
| '''Irish-Scots''' ({{langx|gd|Albannaich ri sinnsireachd Èireannach}}) are people in ] who have ]. Although there has been migration from ] (especially ]) to Scotland and elsewhere in Britain for millennia, Irish migration to Scotland increased in the nineteenth century, and was highest following the ] and played a major role, even before ] in 1829, in rebuilding and re-establishing the formerly illegal ] following centuries of ]. In this period, the Irish typically settled in urban slum neighborhoods and around industrial areas. Irish ancestry is by far the most common foreign ancestry in Scotland.{{cn|date=July 2024}} | |||
| Famous Irish-Scots include ] and socialist revolutionary ], author Sir ], ] politician ], actors ], ], ] and ], musicians ], ], ], ] and ] and stand-up comedians ], ], and ].{{cn|date=July 2024}} | |||
| In modern times, the term is sometimes used to describe people who emigrated to ] from ], mostly in the 19th and 20th centuries, and their descendants. | |||
| The term ''Irish-Scots'' should not be confused with '']'' (sometimes known as Scots-Irish), a term used to denote those in the ] of ] who are descended from ] ] who settled there in large numbers during the ] and subsequently.{{cn|date=July 2024}} | |||
| This group were commonly described as ]s, although not all of the immigrants were Catholic, and nowadays the influence of the Catholic church has reduced, and the term "Irish-Scots" better reflects the dual national character of this grouping. | |||
| Sometimes Irish-Scots are known as ], but this term is more correctly applied mainly to ]. | |||
| ==Background== | ==Background== | ||
| As with any national "label", the term "Irish-Scots" is open to interpretation; many Scottish-born descendants of the Irish immigrants would style themselves "Scottish", while others take pride in their dual nationality while others spurn any association with the country of their birth, feeling greater affinity and loyalty to Ireland. The same is true of any other groups, such as ] or ], where the link to the country of origin may be decades, or even centuries old. | |||
| Attitudes to the waves of immigration from Ireland to Scotland were mixed, as evidenced by the following quotations: | Attitudes to the waves of immigration from Ireland to Scotland were mixed, as evidenced by the following quotations: | ||
| {{quote | |||
| ⚫ | |text = In our opinion, the Irish have as much right to come to this country to better their lives as the Scots and English have to go to Ireland or any other part of Britain for the same reason. Let us hear no more complaints about the influx of Irish having a bad effect on Scotland unless it is to do something about tackling the problems which caused the emigration. | ||
| ⚫ | |source = ''The Glasgow Courier'', ] | ||
| }} | |||
| {{quote | |||
| ⚫ | |text = The immigration of such a number of people from the lowest class and with no education will have a bad effect on the population. So far, living among the Scots does not seem to have improved the Irish, but the native Scots who live in among the Irish have got worse. It is difficult to imagine the effect the Irish immigrants will have upon the morals and habits of the Scottish people. | ||
| ⚫ | |source = ''Report from the Scottish Census of ]'' | ||
| }} | |||
| ⚫ | Difficulties also arose due to differences between the largely Catholic Irish immigrants and the predominantly Protestant native Scots population. Towards the end of the eighteenth century, before the Irish began arriving in large numbers it was reported that, in Glasgow, there were only thirty-nine Catholics, but forty-three anti-Catholic clubs (see ). | ||
| ⚫ | |||
| ⚫ | |||
| In the UK census of 2001, the new category "Irish" was added to the list of white ethnic background. In Scotland, results showed that 49,428 (0.98%), fewer than 1% of the population, self-described as being of Irish background.{{cn|date=July 2024}} | |||
| ⚫ | |||
| <dl> | |||
| ⚫ | |||
| </dd></dl> | |||
| The Irish-Scots were instrumental in the formation of ] in Edinburgh in 1875.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://hiberniansaintpatricks.co.uk/history/ |title=History « Saint Patricks Branch |access-date=2015-08-30 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150916201247/http://hiberniansaintpatricks.co.uk/history/ |archive-date=16 September 2015 |df=dmy-all }}</ref> There followed in 1887 in Glasgow, ], founded with the purpose of alleviating poverty in the immigrant Irish population in the East End of Glasgow and later ] (originally known as Dundee Hibernian), as well as numerous smaller teams. These football teams were originally formed to provide recreational facilities for the Irish immigrants. | |||
| Some of the Irish-Scots were brought over from Ireland to take the jobs of striking workers, which was a source of great friction.<BR> | |||
| Difficulties also arose due to differences between the typically Catholic immigrants and the predominantly Protestant native Scots population. | |||
| ⚫ | Towards the end of the eighteenth century, it was reported that, in Glasgow, there were only thirty-nine |
||
| In the UK census of 2001, the new category "Irish" was added to the list of ethnic background.<BR> | |||
| In Scotland, results showed that 49,428 (0.98%) people described themselves as of Irish background but this does not seem to be an accurate reflection of the Irish presence in Scotland. The Irish immigrated to Scotland in the tens of thousands, especially from the mid-19th century to the mid 20th century. It is believed that because the Irish category was a new addition to the census, that respondents confused this question with the more familiar question regarding country of birth. | |||
| The Irish-Scots were instrumental in the formation of ], ], and ] (which was originally known as Dundee Hibernian). Indeed, these teams were originally formed to provide recreational facilities for the Irish immigrants. At first, these teams faced discrimination from the football authorities, and there was controversy over whether their players should be picked to play in international games, especially against the Irish international team.<BR> | |||
| ] is still very proud of its Irish roots, and the predominance of Irish tricolours and the singing of the Irish national anthem among their supporters causes some controversy, particularly amnong ] supporters. (For more information see the article on the ]). | |||
| There is also some mild controversy over prominent Irish-Scots politicians (e.g. ], ]) and their outspoken opposition to ]. Some Scots who support Scottish independence find it odd and paradoxical that such politicians are proud of their Irish roots, and support the status of an independent, economically successful ], yet are opposed to Scotland possibly moving towards a similar status as an independent state. However, ], who is also an Irish-Scot, supports Scottish independence<ref> </ref>, as do many other Irish Scots. | |||
| ⚫ | = |
||
| * comedian ] | |||
| * General ] Irish soldier and revolutionary | |||
| * ] (actor) | |||
| * actor ] | |||
| * ], ] and ] and ] footballer | |||
| * ], Labour MP | |||
| * ], Celebrated ned and footballer | |||
| * ], Footballer | |||
| * ], Politican | |||
| * ], ] | |||
| ==Scots and Irish== | ==Scots and Irish== | ||
| ⚫ | The terms Scots and Irish, while they have a settled meaning today, are not always readily distinguished. Sellar & Yeatman's spoof history '']'' highlighted the confusion that these words can cause when used to refer to the past :{{cquote|The Scots (originally Irish, but by now Scots) were at this time inhabiting Ireland, having driven the Irish (Picts) out of Scotland; while the Picts (originally Scots) were now Irish (living in brackets) and ''vice versa''. It is essential to keep these distinctions clearly in mind (and ''verce visa'').}} | ||
| ⚫ | The terms Scots and Irish, while they have a settled meaning today, are not always readily distinguished. Sellar & Yeatman's spoof history '']'' highlighted the confusion that these words can cause when used to refer to the past :{{cquote|The Scots originally Irish, |
||
| ] live in Ireland; ] live in Scotland. However, ], a word borrowed from ], where it probably meant something unpleasant, came to mean "someone who speaks the ]". So, while there were Scots in Scotland, there were also Scots in Ireland, ] and ]. The 11th century was the time of ], who called himself "Emperor of the Scots", and of ], who called himself "King of the Scots", and also of ], who went one better and called himself ''Scottorum basileus'' "Emperor of the Scots", just as Brian had. In the 14th century ] spoke Gaelic, and lived in Gaelic-speaking world. When he and his brother ] campaigned in Ireland, they could present themselves as, and be widely accepted as, fellow-Gaels set on liberating the Irish from the Norman yoke. | |||
| After Robert, Kings of Scotland, up to and including ], thought of themselves as having a Gaelic, Irish origin; before ] they were Gaelic-speakers. ], whom the ], and Medieval Scots historians like ] and ], and even James VI himself, saw as the founder of Scotland's ruling dynasty, was said to have invaded ] from Ireland, and the creation of Scotland was seen as a conquest by Gaelic kings. | |||
| The ] and the perception of Gaelic-speaking (their language now called Erse rather than Scots, a name transferred to the ]) as idle, warlike and crude changed attitudes, but even a Protestant humanist scholar like ] could write of the Picts and the Scots as being like the Irish. Racist fantasists such as ], and others with more noble motives, would try to portray the Scots as the descendants of the ] or the ], but their ideas were rejected by the majority of scholars who worked in the field. | |||
| Today, while the idea of Fergus Mór as Irish conqueror of ] is no longer universally supported, and the idea of a mass migration from Ireland is largely rejected, the archaeological evidence shows that contacts between Scotland and Ireland date back to the earliest times, not only passing from Ireland to Scotland, but also from Scotland to Ireland. Rather than a conquest, it is supposed that Argyll, and perhaps other parts of south-western Scotland, evolved together with Ireland, speaking similar ]. These languages, the ancestors of modern ] and ], spread to most of Scotland. We cannot say why they spread, but it seems safe to assume that they were carried in part by Irish clerics such as ], ], and thousands whose names are now lost, and by ] and ] trained in the flourishing Irish schools of the day. | |||
| ==See also== | ==See also== | ||
| * |
* ''The Irish Scots and the Scotch-Irish'' – John C. Linehan ({{ISBN|0-7884-0788-0}}) <!-- publisher? year of publication? --> | ||
| (ISBN 0-7884-0788-0). | |||
| ==References== | ==References== | ||
| {{reflist}} |
{{reflist}} | ||
| ==External links== | ==External links== | ||
| * (PDF; {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160612084935/http://emeraldsocietysfl.com/ESmembers/PDF/2004OctNewsletter.pdf |date=12 June 2016 }} – includes the full text of the song "Hello! Patsy Fagan" (or "The Dacent Irish Boy") by T. P. Keenan, describing the experiences of an Irish immigrant in Glasgow. | |||
| * [http://www.mapforum.com/02/speed.htm John Speed | |||
| * | |||
| The first part of an extensive biography | |||
| by Ashley Baynton-Williams] | |||
| * A mailing list for the discussion and sharing of information regarding Scots whose ancestors who can be traced back to Ireland. The list does not address Scots whose descendants reside in Ireland. | |||
| {{Irish diaspora}} | |||
| * A newsletter of events involving or of interest to members of the Irish community who live in Scotland. | |||
| ] | ] | ||
| ] | ] | ||
| ] | ] | ||
Latest revision as of 13:57, 8 November 2024
Ethnic group Not to be confused with Scotch-Irish. | This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page. (Learn how and when to remove these messages)
|
Ethnic group
| Regions with significant populations | |
|---|---|
| Coatbridge, Edinburgh, Glasgow, Dumbarton, Dundee, Inverclyde | |
| Languages | |
| English (Irish/Scottish), Irish, Scottish Gaelic, Scots | |
| Religion | |
| Predominantly Roman Catholic, some Protestant | |
| Related ethnic groups | |
| Scottish, Irish, English, Welsh, Manx, Cornish, Bretons, Scots-Irish, Ulster Scots |
Irish-Scots (Scottish Gaelic: Albannaich ri sinnsireachd Èireannach) are people in Scotland who have Irish ancestry. Although there has been migration from Ireland (especially Ulster) to Scotland and elsewhere in Britain for millennia, Irish migration to Scotland increased in the nineteenth century, and was highest following the Great Famine and played a major role, even before Catholic Emancipation in 1829, in rebuilding and re-establishing the formerly illegal Catholic Church in Scotland following centuries of religious persecution. In this period, the Irish typically settled in urban slum neighborhoods and around industrial areas. Irish ancestry is by far the most common foreign ancestry in Scotland.
Famous Irish-Scots include Irish republican and socialist revolutionary James Connolly, author Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, left-wing politician George Galloway, actors Sean Connery, Brian Cox, Peter Capaldi and Gerard Butler, musicians Gerry Rafferty, Maggie Reilly, Jimme O'Neill, Clare Grogan and Fran Healy and stand-up comedians Sir Billy Connolly, Fern Brady, and Frankie Boyle.
The term Irish-Scots should not be confused with Ulster-Scots (sometimes known as Scots-Irish), a term used to denote those in the Irish province of Ulster who are descended from Lowland Scots who settled there in large numbers during the Plantation of Ulster and subsequently.
Background
Attitudes to the waves of immigration from Ireland to Scotland were mixed, as evidenced by the following quotations:
In our opinion, the Irish have as much right to come to this country to better their lives as the Scots and English have to go to Ireland or any other part of Britain for the same reason. Let us hear no more complaints about the influx of Irish having a bad effect on Scotland unless it is to do something about tackling the problems which caused the emigration.
— The Glasgow Courier, 1830
The immigration of such a number of people from the lowest class and with no education will have a bad effect on the population. So far, living among the Scots does not seem to have improved the Irish, but the native Scots who live in among the Irish have got worse. It is difficult to imagine the effect the Irish immigrants will have upon the morals and habits of the Scottish people.
— Report from the Scottish Census of 1871
Difficulties also arose due to differences between the largely Catholic Irish immigrants and the predominantly Protestant native Scots population. Towards the end of the eighteenth century, before the Irish began arriving in large numbers it was reported that, in Glasgow, there were only thirty-nine Catholics, but forty-three anti-Catholic clubs (see ).
In the UK census of 2001, the new category "Irish" was added to the list of white ethnic background. In Scotland, results showed that 49,428 (0.98%), fewer than 1% of the population, self-described as being of Irish background.
The Irish-Scots were instrumental in the formation of Hibernian F.C. in Edinburgh in 1875. There followed in 1887 in Glasgow, Celtic Football Club, founded with the purpose of alleviating poverty in the immigrant Irish population in the East End of Glasgow and later Dundee United F.C. (originally known as Dundee Hibernian), as well as numerous smaller teams. These football teams were originally formed to provide recreational facilities for the Irish immigrants.
Scots and Irish
The terms Scots and Irish, while they have a settled meaning today, are not always readily distinguished. Sellar & Yeatman's spoof history 1066 and All That highlighted the confusion that these words can cause when used to refer to the past :
The Scots (originally Irish, but by now Scots) were at this time inhabiting Ireland, having driven the Irish (Picts) out of Scotland; while the Picts (originally Scots) were now Irish (living in brackets) and vice versa. It is essential to keep these distinctions clearly in mind (and verce visa).
See also
- The Irish Scots and the Scotch-Irish – John C. Linehan (ISBN 0-7884-0788-0)
References
- "History « Saint Patricks Branch". Archived from the original on 16 September 2015. Retrieved 30 August 2015.
External links
- Material in "Mi Deireadh Fomhair" (October 2004) (PDF; Archived 12 June 2016 at the Wayback Machine – includes the full text of the song "Hello! Patsy Fagan" (or "The Dacent Irish Boy") by T. P. Keenan, describing the experiences of an Irish immigrant in Glasgow.
- Audio podcast about the history of Irish radicalism in Scotland
 Irish diaspora | |
|---|---|
| Americas | |
| Asia | |
| Europe | |
| Oceania | |
| Related topics: Military diaspora, Wild Geese, Flight of the Earls | |