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{{Short description|Outlying suburb of Dublin, Ireland}}
:''For the district of Belfast, see ]''
{{About|the area of Dublin|the area of Belfast|Shankill, Belfast}}
{{Infobox Irish Place|
{{Multiple issues|
name = Shankill |
{{more citations needed|date=February 2018}}
gaeilge = Seanchill |
{{Lead too short|date=February 2021}}
motto = |
}}
map image = Ireland map County Dublin City.png |
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2017}}
pin coords = left: 114px; top: 106px |
{{use Hiberno-English|date=April 2021}}
area = 6.4 sq km |
{{Infobox settlement
elevation = 30m |
|settlement_type = Suburban
province = ] |
|name = Shankill
county = ] |
|other_name = {{Pad top italic|Seanchill}}
town pop = 13,242 |
|image_skyline = Shankill, County Dublin - geograph.org.uk - 1812269.jpg
rural pop = |
|image_caption = Shankill
census yr = 2006 |
web = www.shankillonline.com| |pushpin_map = Ireland
|pushpin_label_position = bottom
|}}
|pushpin_map_caption = Location in Ireland
|coordinates = {{coord|53.226|-6.124|dim:100000_region:IE|display=inline,title}}
|blank_name_sec1 = Irish Grid Reference
|blank_info_sec1 = {{iem4ibx|O249220}}
|subdivision_type = ]
|subdivision_name = ]
|subdivision_type1 = ]
|subdivision_name1 = ]
|subdivision_type2 = ]
|subdivision_name2 = ]
|subdivision_type3 = ]
|subdivision_name3 = ]
|leader_title = ]
|leader_name = ]
|leader_title2 = ]
|leader_name2 = ]
|unit_pref = Metric
|elevation_m = 29
|area_total_km2 = 6.4
|population_as_of = 2016
|population_urban = 14257
|population_footnotes = <ref name = "cso2016">{{cite web | title = Census 2016 Profile 2 – Population Distribution and Movements | work = Central Statistics Office Census 2016 Reports | publisher = ] |date=May 2017 | url = http://airomaps.nuim.ie/id/Census_2016/P2_PopDist/ }} The figure represents the sum of the populations of the Shankill-Rathmichael, Shankill-Rathsallagh and Shankill-Shanganagh electoral districts.</ref>
|website =
|timezone1 = ]
|utc_offset1 = +0
|timezone1_DST = ] (])
|utc_offset1_DST = +1
| area_code_type = ]
| area_code = +353(0)1
| postal_code = D18
| postal_code_type =] routing key
}}


'''Shankill''' ({{lga|Seanchill|Old Church}}) is an outlying suburb of ], ], on the southeast of ], close to the border with ]. It is in the local government area of ] and had a population of 14,257 as of the ]. It runs from the coast, between Loughlinstown and Bray, inland towards the foothills of the ]. Shankill borders ], as well as ], ], ] and ] in County Wicklow. It is part of the ] of Rathmichael and contains the formerly separate district of Shanganagh, and in its southern parts, the locality of Crinken.
'''Shankill''' (''Seanchill'' in ], meaning "old church") However there is little evidence of any religious activity or a church in the area at the time when this name was first used, and so it is said that the name actually comes from the Irish "Sean Coillte", meaning "old woods". It is a suburb of ] on the southern boundary of ] and ] and has a population of 13,242 as of 2006<ref></ref>


{{TOClimit|limit=2}}
==Geography==


==Etymology==
The townland of Shankill was originally located on lands further northwest at ]. Today, the area of Shankill is taken to include the lands of ] and Shankill, an area of around 1,600 acres. The townland is bordered roughly by the points between ''Carrickgollogan'' hill (252m) to the west, ] lead mines to the northwest, ] hospital to the north, stretching to the coast from ''Rathsallagh'' river to the southern boundary of Tyrell’s land.
The name Shankill derives from the Irish {{lang|ga|Sean-Chill}}, meaning "Old Church".


==Geography==
The modern village centre consists mainly of a single street, with many amenities such as shops, pubs and other services. The village is located on the road between Shankill church and ].
The townland of Shankill was originally located on lands further northwest at ] but today the area of Shankill is usually understood to lie towards the coast,{{fact|date=November 2023}} while the inland reaches form ] (historically Shankill was absorbed into Rathmichael civil parish), with an area of around {{convert|6.5|km2|acre}}.{{citation needed|date=April 2021}} ] Hill (278m) lies to the west, with the ] to the northwest, and ] and ] to the north. The town of ], ] lies to the south.

To the north of modern Shankill is ] hill, to the south, the large town of Bray, ].

]


==History== ==History==
] and ]]]


=== Dark Ages === ===Early history===
Shankill features a number of antiquities, including ]s and ].


Shankill features a number of antiquities, including ]s and ]s. Around 1230, there were primeval forests that were cleared under the orders of the owner of Shankill, Archbishop Luke. Courts for serious crimes in the style of assizes were conducted at Shankill during this period. Parts of the townland were protected by fortified gates, to keep indigenous Irish tribes out. Around 1230, there were forests that were cleared under the orders of the then-owner of Shankill, Archbishop Luke. Courts for serious crimes in the style of ] were conducted at Shankill during this period. To keep the native Gaelic Irish out, barriers and fortified gates protected parts of the townland. The manor of Shankill was overrun by the native Irish and completely destroyed a century later. In response to these incursions, a large garrison was re-instated. The Irish were restrained from entering and the land was eventually re-let as grazing land.


===Middle Ages===
The manor of Shankill was overrun by the Irish and completely destroyed a century later. In response to these incursions, a large garrison was re-instated. The Irish were restrained from entering and the land eventually was re-let as grazing land.
The Lawless family features prominently in the history of Shankill.{{fact|date=November 2023}} In 1408, family members took control of the seigniory of Shanganagh and, by 1480, several branches of the family were residents of Shankill.


Between 1400 and 1600, a number of fortified structures - whose remains can still be seen to this day in Shankill and Rathmichael - were built: Shankill Castle, Shanganagh Castle and a strong house known locally as Puck's Castle. The Walsh family, which came to prominence in the 16th century, built several further defensive structures in Shankill.
=== Middle Ages ===


From 1640 onwards, the native Irish were subdued in a series of confrontations, leading to greater agricultural use of the lands. Around this time, Shankill was absorbed into the parish of Rathmichael.
The Lawless family feature prominently in the history of Shankill. In 1408, family members had control of the seigniory of ''Shanganagh''. Several Lawlesses became residents of Shankill by the 1480s.


The Walshes quit the lands of Shankill primarily due to the ]{{clarify|date=August 2014}} which redistributed landowners and tenancies. After this, the Lawless families regained possession for the third time of lands around Shankill. The last Lawless died in 1795, whereupon the lands became the possession of the third Sir William Domvile, resident of nearby Loughlinstown House. The Domvile family had been granted the lands surrounding Loughlinstown under ].
Several castles which still stand today, ''Shankill Castle'' and ''Shanganagh Castle'', as well as a strong house, called ''Puck's Castle'', were built in between 1400 and 1500. This is supposed to have been built by ], to defend the lands of ] and Rathdown from incursions from the Irish families to the south, including the O'Toole clan.


===19th century===
The Walsh family comes into prominence in the 1500's, building defensive structures throughout Shankill.
====The Domviles====
Shankill and Rathmichael were the property of Sir Charles Compton William Domvile (1822–1884). Domvile was known as an uncompromising and ruthless landlord and sought to change the usage of land from the smallholdings that existed at the time of his inheritance of the estate. At this time Shankill was a rural village, but Domvile intended to build grand ]-style housing developments, squares and streets to gentrify the area, thereby making it attractive for wealthy Dublin city-based professionals to live in. During Domvile's time, new roads and streets were laid out, as well as water mains which feed a relief tank from ], continuing on to ] reservoir. However, Domvile was an impetuous man and acted unreasonably with his tenants and prospective buyers of estates on his holdings. His personal debts mounted as a result of his financing two large estates at Shankill and ], ultimately resulting in his bankruptcy.


The net outcome of Domvile's actions was to halve the population of Shankill and Rathmichael during the 1860s. He evicted over 100 tenants, during a period of grinding poverty, and many were forced to re-negotiate their tenancies at usurious rates. Many of the evicted ended up in the local workhouse, the Rathdown Work Union, which is now the site of Loughlinstown Hospital.
From 1640 onwards, the Irish were subdued in numerous battles, which led to greater agricultural use of the lands and consequent prosperity. Shankill was taken into the Rathmichael parish, becoming more populous.


====The new Shankill====
The Walshes quit the lands of Shankill, primarily due to the Act of Commonwealth that redistributed landowners and tenancies. After this, the Lawless families regained possession for the third time of all of Shankill. The last Lawless died in 1795, whereupon the lands became the possessions of the third Sir William Domvile, resident of nearby Loughlinstown House. The Domvile family was granted the lands surrounding Loughlinstown under ].
A landowner with holdings adjacent to the Shankill townland, Benjamin Tilly, granted quarter-acre holdings to some of the evicted tenants. Tilly's land straddled the townland border into Shanganagh, and thus the new holdings along the Shanganagh Road became known as 'Tillystown'. In 1871, there were over 60 houses, and around the start of the 20th century, this village became known as Shankill proper.


In 1911, a tract of land to the west of Shankill, known as 'New Vale', was developed as labourers' cottages.
=== 19th Century - Baronetcy Of William Domvile ===


===20th and 21st centuries===
'''Shankill''' and Rathmichael were at that time the property of Sir Charles Compton William Domvile (1822 – 1884). Domvile was known as an uncompromising and ruthless landlord, and sought to change the usage of land from the smallholdings that existed at the time of his inheritance of the estate
Shankill initially comprised large agricultural tracts broken into smallholdings for tenant farmers, and larger, grander estates with fine country houses, many of which still exist today. Large housing estates have been built on many of these estates.{{fact|date=November 2023}} Additional tracts of land were also sold to developers who have built higher-density housing than the larger-plot housing estates constructed in the 1970s.{{fact|date=November 2023}}


==Local antiquities and features==
Domvile intended to build grand ] style housing developments, squares and streets, to gentrify the area, making it attractive for wealthy Dublin based professionals to live. It must be remembered that at this time Shankill was essentially a rural village. Several large houses of architectural merit are noted in the section below.
]
]
]
]


There are several antiquities in the area, including ruined churches and standing stones. The ruins of several castles and defensive-type structures remain, including ], ], ] and a ].
During Domvile’s time, new roads and streets were laid out, as well as large water mains which feed a relief tank from ], continuing on to ] reservoir.


Some houses of architectural note include:{{fact|date=November 2023}} ''Clontra'', a coastal ] mansion near Corbawn Wood and Quinn's Road; Crinken Castle House, Crinken, and Shanganagh House, a large mansion now surrounded by local authority housing estates. Clontra was built for Dublin barrister James Anthony Lawson QC (later Attorney General of Ireland, Judge of the High Court and Privy Councillor) and designed by the 19th-century architects ] and ] in their trademark Italian medieval style.{{fact|date=November 2023}}
However, Domvile was an impetuous man, and acted unreasonably with his tenants and prospective buyers of estates on his holdings. His personal debts mounted as a result of his financing two large estates at Shankill and ], ultimately resulting in his bankruptcy.


The local library was formerly a courthouse built in the ] style of granite and ] features. There are also some ]s such as a mock round tower built of red brick in the Castle Farm Farmyard.
The net outcome of Domvile’s actions was to halve the population of Shankill and Rathmichael during the 1860’s. He evicted over 100 tenants, during a period of grinding poverty, and many were forced to renegotiate their tenancies at usurious rates. Many of the evicted ended up in the local workhouse, the Rathdown Work Union, which is now the site of Loughlinstown hospital.


Evidence of local industrial activity include the lead-mine chimney at Ballycorus. Other features include the 'upside down' houses by the ] bridge, which was the site of the original post office, and has its guest rooms downstairs, and its kitchen and living room upstairs. Shankill was accessible via the original Kingstown-Bray train line, which is now five metres from the sea in some places. A coastal wall was built from Killiney to Bray to try to stop the erosion, traces of which can still be seen along the beach. The medieval village of Longnon was sited some {{convert|200|yd|m}} east of Quinn's Road beach but was obliterated by ].{{fact|date=November 2023}}
A landowner with holdings adjacent to the Shankill townland, Benjamin Tilly, granted quarter-acre holdings to several of the evicted tenants. Tilly’s land straddled the townland border into ''Shanganagh'', and the new holdings along the ''Shanganagh Road'' became known as ''Tillystown''. In 1871, there were over 60 houses, and at the turn of the century, the village became known as Shankill proper.


===Buildings===
In 1911, a large tract of land to the west of Shankill, known as ''New Vale'', was developed as labourer’s cottages.
====Ballycorus Leadmines====
{{main|Ballycorus Leadmines}}
Site of a lead ore smelter, a mile-long stone flue and a granite chimney on Carrickgollogan hill, which is visible from much of southeast Dublin.<ref> {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070815190639/http://www.metalprocessors.ie/mci/index.htm |date=15 August 2007 }}</ref>


====Carnegie Library====
===20th Century Development===
Tudor-style library, architect R. M. Butler, 1912.<ref> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110726213327/http://www.librarycouncil.ie/documents/AnTaisceCatalogue3.pdf |date=26 July 2011 }}</ref>


====Clonasleigh====
Shankill initially comprised large agricultural tracts broken into smallholdings for tenant farmers, and larger, grander estates with fine country houses, many which still exist today. Large housing estates have been built on many of these estates, of varying size and quality. Recently, tracts of land such as the caravan park and young offenders prison have been sold to developers, who have built higher density housing than the larger plot housing estates constructed in the 1970s.
Clonasleigh, a house replaced by Shankill Shopping Centre (since upgraded and re-opened) was lived in by Frederick W. Meredith, once President of the Law Society, in the early 1900s. The name has been retained locally in Clonasleigh, a road with 16 houses, off Corbawn Lane, located close to the original house.{{fact|date=November 2023}}


====Clontra====
There are a large number of local authority housing developments, notably Rathsallagh and Shanganagh Cliffs estates, located near Shankill DART station, stretching to the coast line. Smaller developments are also found on Quinn’s Road.
Gothic mansion designed by Deane and Woodward, 1860, interior murals by ]. On {{convert|15|acre|m2}} of parkland by the coast, adjacent to Corbawn Wood estate.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.buildingsofireland.ie/cgi-bin/viewsurveyresults.cgi?siteid=2560 |title=Clontra, National Inventory of Architectural Heritage |publisher=Buildingsofireland.ie |access-date=24 August 2013}}</ref>


====Dorney Court====
In recent times, several property developers have purchased adjacent large houses with the intention of developing apartment/flat complexes.
Originally called Clare Mount, built c. 1832, this fine Victorian house was demolished in 1984. Its site is now that of Shankill Garda Station. The grounds still contain a few ] and ] trees following the felling of many of them in 1984.


====Ferndale House====
==Architectural Features / Local Antiquities==
Large estate on several acres, the seat of ].


====Mullinastill House====
There are several antiquities in the area including ruined churches and standing stones. Several castles and defensive type structures remain, including Puck's Castle, Shankill Castle, Shanganagh Castle (ruins) and a ] (ruins).
The former mill house is a listed structure and the ] for several film scenes.


====Puck's Castle====
Some houses of architectural note include ''Clontra'', a coastal ] mansion, ''Crinken Castle House'', the ''Crinken House'' (formerly variously a hotel and prison), and ''Shanganagh House'', an imposing mansion now surrounded by housing estates built during the 1960s. Clontra was built for Dublin solicitor James Lawson and designed by eminent 19th century architects ] and ] in their trademark Italian medieval style. They are better known for their work on the ''Kildare Street Club'' and the Museum building at ]. The local library is itself of note, formerly a courthouse built in an old ] style of granite and ] features. There are also some ]s such as a mock round tower built of red brick in the Castle Farm Farmyard.
{{Main|Puck's Castle}}
The 'castle', actually a fortified house, was built in the late 16th century. It provided a refuge in 1690 for ] and his army fleeing the ]. One explanation for its name is that a ghost or ''puca'' inhabited the castle.<ref> {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060514160445/http://www.askaboutireland.ie/show_narrative_page.do?page_id=3990 |date=14 May 2006}}</ref> In June 1867 the daughter of a local Englishman disappeared near the castle. Jane Eleanor Sherrard, daughter of Henry and Margaret Sherrard left her nearby home to pick flowers for the dinner table. When she failed to return home that evening the police were notified and a widespread search was conducted. The last confirmed sighting of Jane was by the local postman, who reported to have seen her picking flowers at the foot of the castle's northern wall. To this day the circumstances surrounding her disappearance remain unknown.


====Rathmichael Church====
Traces of South Dublin's industrial heritage remain, such as the lead mine chimney. Other features of note include the 'upside down' houses by the ] bridge, which was the site of the original post office, and has its guest rooms downstairs, and its kitchen and living room upstairs. ]Shankill was accessible via the original Kingstown-Bray train line, which is now 5 metres from the sea in some places. A coastal wall was built from Killiney to Bray to try to stop the erosion; traces of this can still be seen along the beach. The medieval village of ''Longnon'' was sited some 200 yards east of Quinn’s Road beach, but was completely obliterated by coastal erosion.
{{main|Rathmichael}}
Commissioned by Charles Domvile in 1860, and designed by Benjamin Woodward, in the Hiberno-Romanesque style. The Domviles had their own high-backed chairs, behind red velvet curtains.


==== Shanganagh Bridge (1829) ====
*'''Ballycorus Leadmines'''<ref></ref>
]
]]
Located at the junction of Commons Road and Shanganagh Road this bridge bears the worn inscription: "Built 1829 - Robert Day Thomas Bourchier Esq's - Overseers Myles Bready - Mason".


], judge and MP, lived in Loughlinstown House. Day had a long career from the 1780s through to the 1830s. He was a member of ], and also of the ]. Thomas Bourchier, Deputy Clerk of the Crown in the ], lived in Killiney Castle, now the Fitzpatrick Castle Hotel, which is on the same road as Shanganagh Bridge. Bourchier died in 1832.<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Burke |first1=Bernard |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=diHHDwAAQBAJ&dq=killiney+castle+thomas+bourchier+deputy+clerk&pg=PA63 |title=A genealogical and heraldic history of the landed gentry of Ireland |last2=Fox-Davies |first2=Arthur Charles |date=1912-01-01 |publisher=Dalcassian Publishing Company |language=en}}</ref>
Site of the longest continuous stone flue, and ancillary lead ore smelter, on Carrickgollogan hill. Granite flue is visible from much of southeast Dublin.
*'''Dorney Court House'''


==== Shanganagh Castle (1408) ====
Large estate with stand of ] and ] trees.
Located near Mill Lane, at the northern margins of the area, built in 1408 by the Lawless family and inhabited by their descendants until 1763, the castle was left in ruins by a fire in 1783. Only limited elements remain within the grounds of a later house.


====Shanganagh Castle (18th century)====
*''']'''<ref></ref>
Several kilometres from the first Shanganagh Castle, during the late 18th century, a mansion was built on extensive lands running to the border of Shankill with County Wicklow. It was later used as an ] for juveniles between 1969 and 2002.<ref> {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927220002/http://www.askaboutireland.ie/show_narrative_page.do?page_id=3992 |date=27 September 2007 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.buildingsofireland.ie/cgi-bin/viewsurveyresults.cgi?siteid=2556 |title=Shanganagh Castle (18th century), National Inventory of Architectural Heritage |publisher=Buildingsofireland.ie |access-date=24 August 2013}}</ref> The site is now being developed by the local authority and Land Development Agency, with over 500 housing units planned, and the castle will be restored and reopened.


====Shanganagh House====
Tudor-style Carnegie Library, architect R. M. Butler, 1912
]
*'''Clontra House'''
Later called Shanganagh Park, this Georgian-era mansion was built c. 1823 for William Hopper. Later residents included the Darcy brewing family and racehorse breeder Frank Field. It was compulsorily purchased by ] in 1970; it now serves as a ] and is surrounded by late 1970s council houses.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.buildingsofireland.ie/cgi-bin/viewsurveyresults.cgi?siteid=2557 |title=Shanganagh House, National Inventory of Architectural Heritage |publisher=Buildingsofireland.ie |access-date=24 August 2013 |archive-date=18 November 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171118040357/http://www.buildingsofireland.ie/cgi-bin/viewsurveyresults.cgi?siteid=2557 |url-status=dead }}</ref>


====Shankill Castle====
Gothic Mansion designed by Deane and Woodward, on 15 acres of parkland on coast.
Built by Archbishop ] in 1229; site of the ancient Shankill church. It is one of the oldest surviving structures in the area.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.buildingsofireland.ie/cgi-bin/viewsurveyresults.cgi?siteid=2541 |title=Shankill Castle, National Inventory of Architectural Heritage |publisher=Buildingsofireland.ie |access-date=24 August 2013 |archive-date=14 February 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090214023509/http://www.buildingsofireland.ie/cgi-bin/viewsurveyresults.cgi?siteid=2541 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref> {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927220002/http://www.askaboutireland.ie/show_narrative_page.do?page_id=3992 |date=27 September 2007 }}</ref>


===Infrastructure===
*'''Ferndale House'''
====Old Dublin & South East railway line====
The ] ran along the coast, seaward from the modern DART and railway line, connecting Killiney and Bray.


====Old Harcourt Street line====
Large estate on several acres, seat of the Lord Plunkets.
The former railroad running from Dublin to Bray on an inland route; closed in 1958. The D&SER and ] met at Shanganagh Junction.


====Defunct link line====
*'''Mullinastill House'''
The Harcourt Street line continued seawards to meet the original D&SER line at Tyrell's land; this link closed in 1915 when the Shanganagh Diversion came into service.


====The new D&SER line (modern line)====
Former mill house, listed structure, set for several film scenes.
The coastal line was moved inland, from Ballybrack to Wood Glen, due to coastal erosion, the new line, the "Shanganagh Diversion", opened on 1 October 1915. A new connection to the Harcourt Street line was made at a new Shanganagh Junction, and stations were reworked.


====Sanitation====
*''']'''
]
A sanitation pole in Shankill Village bears the cast lettering 'R.No.1 R.D.C. 1911'. ] were administrative divisions created in 1899. This inscription refers to the then Rathdown No.1 administrative district (as distinct from Rathdown No.2 district south of Bray). The two Rathdown districts were ] respectively.{{fact|date=November 2023}}


==Amenities==
*'''Defunct train line, spur at Tyrell’s land to main Dublin-Bray line. Closed in 1860s'''
===Education===
Shankill has 3 primary schools; Scoil Mhuire (Roman Catholic), Rathmichael Parish School (Church of Ireland) and Saint Anne's National School (Roman Catholic).


===Religion===
*'''Puck’s Castle'''
Shankill has one Roman Catholic church, St Anne's, and a Church of Ireland (Anglican) church, St James', at Crinken (to the south), and Rathmichael, which has had a church for more than 800 years, also has a Church of Ireland church, simply named for the area.{{fact|date=November 2023}}


===Retail===
Castle, in ruins, 15th century. Said to be a refuge for ] fleeing the ].
]
Shankill is served by a convenience store, takeaway restaurants, bookmakers, barbers, pharmacies, hairdressers and beauty salon and a ] shopping centre. The local ] has an office on the main street.{{fact|date=November 2023}} There is also a public library.{{fact|date=November 2023}}
==Sport and leisure==


===Walking===
*'''] Church'''
The ] of the ], a long-distance walking route (43&nbsp; km trail) across the ] between Shankill and ] begins on the main street.{{fact|date=November 2023}}


===Football===
Built under Charles Domvile, designed by Deane and Woodward.
Local soccer teams include Shankill FC, which has schoolboy and schoolgirl sides.<ref></ref>{{better source|date=November 2023}}


===Tennis===
*'''Rosedale House'''
Shankill Tennis Club,<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.shankilltennisclub.com/| url-status = dead| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20021130191202/http://www.shankilltennisclub.com/| archive-date = 2002-11-30| title = Shankill Tennis Club}}</ref> which opened a new clubhouse in 2007 and indoor courts in 2016, is located at the junction of Quinn's Road and Corbawn Drive.


===GAA===
Victorian country house, built by Guinness master brewer Penny.
Shankill GAA Club re-formed in 2013 after a 20-year absence. As of 2021 the club fielded approximately 30 teams across Gaelic football, hurling and camogie in both underage and adult teams.{{fact|date=November 2023}}


===Sailing===
*'''Shanganagh Castle'''
In about 1877, a sailing club was formed at the end of Corbawn Lane called the Shankill Corinthian Sailing Club for the promotion and encouragement of amateur seamanship. The membership came from the residents of the houses in the immediate vicinity.<ref>Alfred and Vincent Delany 'The Water Wags 1887-2012' (Dun Laoghaire, 2012)p.15</ref> They sailed in small open boats without centre-boards or keels which were light enough to be pulled up on the beach by two men. The club survived for more than 10 years before many of the members relocated their sailing activities to Kingstown.{{fact|date=November 2023}}


==Awards==
Large mansion on extensive lands on border of Shankill and Co. Wicklow.
In 2007, Shankill won the 'National Best Urban Village' award and two other awards<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.shankillmatters.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=blogcategory&id=0&Itemid=76/ |title=Shankill Tidy Towns 2007 awards |publisher=Shankillmatters.com |access-date=24 August 2013}}</ref> in the ] Competition.


==Shankill, Belfast==
*'''Shanganagh Park House'''
Like its namesake the Shankill district of ], Dublin's Shankill also has its own Falls Road. Occasionally, the primary schools and community groups in both Shankills hold football or other sporting events to promote closer north–south ties.


==Transport==
A Georgian era mansion, surrounded by lands developed for housing by Dublin Corporation in 1960's.


===Bus===
*'''Shankill Castle'''
] routes 7b, 145 and 155 connect Shankill with the city centre and routes 84 and 84a link the area with ]. The ] routes 45a and 45b connect the area to ] and ].


The ] service from Greystones to Dublin airport also stops at the main street Dublin Bus stop, although originally it was planned to stop outside Brady's of Shankill (aka Mickey Byrne's Bar; the stop still has this name despite being approximately 50 metres from the pub itself), {{lang|fr|en route}} to the airport.{{fact|date=November 2023}}
In existence since 1229, first built by ''Archbishop Luke'', site of the ancient Shankill church.


==Amenities== ===Rail===
]
] - located between Rathsallagh Park and Corbawn Lane - is the third-last stop on the southbound leg of Dublin's ].


] was on the ], which opened following the opening of the ] in 1854. The line closed in 1958, and the current station in Shankill opened in 1977.
There are two pubs in Shankill; ''Brady's''/''Mickey Byrnes'', and ''The Corbawn Tavern'', and the village is well served by grocery and convenience stores. The local ] has a substantial office on the main street. There is also a public library, several schools and, until recently, one of Dublin's few remaining campgrounds - the site of which has been developed into a flat complex.


===Luas===
Shankill has three schools – ''Saint Anne's National School'', ''Rathmichael Parish School'' and ''Scoil Mhuire''. It is also home to a large Nionra, an Irish language school. The village has a Catholic church; the church in nearby Rathmichael is Church of Ireland. Like its namesake, the Shankill district of ], Dublin's Shankill also has its own Falls Road. Occasionally the primary schools and community groups in both Shankills hold football or other sporting events to promote better North-South relationships. Shankill man Charlie Martin received an Honorary MBE in April 2006 for his work in this field. Sporting facilities in the area include two soccer teams, Vale View Shankill FC, which caters for senior and schoolboy football, and RSFC who cater for junior football. There is also a Bowling Club and Tennis Club in the village.
The closest ] stops (]) are at ] and ], with connections to Dublin city centre (]) and ]. There have been plans to extend the Green Line to the station in ], which if they went ahead as planned, would mean the line would pass through Shankill. However these plans are dormant for now.


===Road===
==Residents of Note==
The ] used to run through Shankill, until the ] bypass was built nearby. The area can now be accessed via coastal roads, from the M11, or by a road at Crinken which overflies the M11.


==People==
*'']''
* ], multiple Irish record holder and Olympian who competed in the 1960 Rome Olympics
* ], ] sports journalist
* ], former Tánaiste and former leader of the Labour Party
* ], professional golfer and three-time Major winner
* ], long-time resident, academic entrepreneur, co-founder of NASDAQ-listed ], owner of Askefield
* ] (Paddy Kelly), from ]
* ], director of '']'' and other documentaries
* ], a far-right activist and conspiracy theorist, born in Ranelagh.
* ], footballer. Second to ] in the 2014 ] with 33% of the vote.
* ], business journalist and academic, a former resident of Askefield, the old St James' parsonage at Crinken
* ] (born 1945), former first-class cricketer, born in Shanganagh


==See also==
International golfer Harrington has a residency in Shankill.
* ]

*''Des Cahill''

2fm sports commentator and pundit Cahill has a house in rural Shankill.

*''Chris Horn''

Chris Horn is the founder of multinational technology company ].

==Transport Network==

There is also a ] (DART) station in Shankill. It is the third last stop on the south side of the line. The old Harcourt Street railway line also connected close to the village centre. The ]'s Platform for Change strategy envisages reopening this as a ] connection, connecting with the existing ] green line. The ] national route used to run through the village, until the M11 bypass was built nearby. The newly completed southeast motorway section of the ] connects to the M11 at Rathmichael, a neighbouring townland.

==Future Development==

DLR LAP

Local Authority Housing

Shankill is administered by Dún Laoghaire-Rathdown County Council.


==References== ==References==
{{Reflist}}
<references />


==External links== ==External links==
{{Commons category}}
*
* *
* *
*

* {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170722175805/http://www.dlrcoco.ie/en/planning/local-area-plans/draft-woodbrook-shanganagh-lap-2017-2023 |date=22 July 2017 }}
{{Dublin-geo-stub}}


{{Authority control}}
{{coor title d|53.226|N|6.124|W|type:city_region:IE_source:GNS-enwiki}}


{{Dún Laoghaire–Rathdown}}
]
{{Dublin residential areas}}


]
]
]

Latest revision as of 19:51, 2 December 2024

Outlying suburb of Dublin, Ireland This article is about the area of Dublin. For the area of Belfast, see Shankill, Belfast.
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Suburban in County Dublin, Leinster, Ireland
Shankill Seanchill
Suburban
ShankillShankill
Shankill is located in IrelandShankillShankillLocation in Ireland
Coordinates: 53°13′34″N 6°07′26″W / 53.226°N 6.124°W / 53.226; -6.124
CountryIreland
ProvinceLeinster
CountyCounty Dublin
Local government areaDún Laoghaire–Rathdown
Government
 • Local authorityDún Laoghaire–Rathdown County Council
 • Dáil constituencyDún Laoghaire
Area
 • Suburban6.4 km (2.5 sq mi)
Elevation29 m (95 ft)
Population
 • Urban14,257
Time zoneUTC+0 (WET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+1 (IST (WEST))
Eircode routing keyD18
Telephone area code+353(0)1
Irish Grid ReferenceO249220

Shankill (Irish: Seanchill, meaning 'Old Church') is an outlying suburb of Dublin, Ireland, on the southeast of County Dublin, close to the border with County Wicklow. It is in the local government area of Dún Laoghaire–Rathdown and had a population of 14,257 as of the 2016 census. It runs from the coast, between Loughlinstown and Bray, inland towards the foothills of the Dublin Mountains. Shankill borders Rathmichael, as well as Loughlinstown, Killiney, Ballybrack and Bray in County Wicklow. It is part of the civil parish of Rathmichael and contains the formerly separate district of Shanganagh, and in its southern parts, the locality of Crinken.

Etymology

The name Shankill derives from the Irish Sean-Chill, meaning "Old Church".

Geography

The townland of Shankill was originally located on lands further northwest at Puck's Castle but today the area of Shankill is usually understood to lie towards the coast, while the inland reaches form Rathmichael (historically Shankill was absorbed into Rathmichael civil parish), with an area of around 6.5 square kilometres (1,600 acres). Carrickgollogan Hill (278m) lies to the west, with the Ballycorus Leadmines to the northwest, and Loughlinstown and Killiney to the north. The town of Bray, County Wicklow lies to the south.

History

Bilingual welcome stone in English and Irish

Early history

Shankill features a number of antiquities, including ráths and cromlechs.

Around 1230, there were forests that were cleared under the orders of the then-owner of Shankill, Archbishop Luke. Courts for serious crimes in the style of assizes were conducted at Shankill during this period. To keep the native Gaelic Irish out, barriers and fortified gates protected parts of the townland. The manor of Shankill was overrun by the native Irish and completely destroyed a century later. In response to these incursions, a large garrison was re-instated. The Irish were restrained from entering and the land was eventually re-let as grazing land.

Middle Ages

The Lawless family features prominently in the history of Shankill. In 1408, family members took control of the seigniory of Shanganagh and, by 1480, several branches of the family were residents of Shankill.

Between 1400 and 1600, a number of fortified structures - whose remains can still be seen to this day in Shankill and Rathmichael - were built: Shankill Castle, Shanganagh Castle and a strong house known locally as Puck's Castle. The Walsh family, which came to prominence in the 16th century, built several further defensive structures in Shankill.

From 1640 onwards, the native Irish were subdued in a series of confrontations, leading to greater agricultural use of the lands. Around this time, Shankill was absorbed into the parish of Rathmichael.

The Walshes quit the lands of Shankill primarily due to the Act of Commonwealth which redistributed landowners and tenancies. After this, the Lawless families regained possession for the third time of lands around Shankill. The last Lawless died in 1795, whereupon the lands became the possession of the third Sir William Domvile, resident of nearby Loughlinstown House. The Domvile family had been granted the lands surrounding Loughlinstown under the Restoration.

19th century

The Domviles

Shankill and Rathmichael were the property of Sir Charles Compton William Domvile (1822–1884). Domvile was known as an uncompromising and ruthless landlord and sought to change the usage of land from the smallholdings that existed at the time of his inheritance of the estate. At this time Shankill was a rural village, but Domvile intended to build grand Georgian-style housing developments, squares and streets to gentrify the area, thereby making it attractive for wealthy Dublin city-based professionals to live in. During Domvile's time, new roads and streets were laid out, as well as water mains which feed a relief tank from Vartry Reservoir, continuing on to Stillorgan reservoir. However, Domvile was an impetuous man and acted unreasonably with his tenants and prospective buyers of estates on his holdings. His personal debts mounted as a result of his financing two large estates at Shankill and Santry, ultimately resulting in his bankruptcy.

The net outcome of Domvile's actions was to halve the population of Shankill and Rathmichael during the 1860s. He evicted over 100 tenants, during a period of grinding poverty, and many were forced to re-negotiate their tenancies at usurious rates. Many of the evicted ended up in the local workhouse, the Rathdown Work Union, which is now the site of Loughlinstown Hospital.

The new Shankill

A landowner with holdings adjacent to the Shankill townland, Benjamin Tilly, granted quarter-acre holdings to some of the evicted tenants. Tilly's land straddled the townland border into Shanganagh, and thus the new holdings along the Shanganagh Road became known as 'Tillystown'. In 1871, there were over 60 houses, and around the start of the 20th century, this village became known as Shankill proper.

In 1911, a tract of land to the west of Shankill, known as 'New Vale', was developed as labourers' cottages.

20th and 21st centuries

Shankill initially comprised large agricultural tracts broken into smallholdings for tenant farmers, and larger, grander estates with fine country houses, many of which still exist today. Large housing estates have been built on many of these estates. Additional tracts of land were also sold to developers who have built higher-density housing than the larger-plot housing estates constructed in the 1970s.

Local antiquities and features

Puck's Castle
Ballycorus Chimney
Shanganagh Castle (18th century)
St. James's Church, Crinken (1840)

There are several antiquities in the area, including ruined churches and standing stones. The ruins of several castles and defensive-type structures remain, including Puck's Castle, Shankill Castle, Shanganagh Castle and a Martello Tower.

Some houses of architectural note include: Clontra, a coastal Gothic mansion near Corbawn Wood and Quinn's Road; Crinken Castle House, Crinken, and Shanganagh House, a large mansion now surrounded by local authority housing estates. Clontra was built for Dublin barrister James Anthony Lawson QC (later Attorney General of Ireland, Judge of the High Court and Privy Councillor) and designed by the 19th-century architects Sir Thomas Newenham Deane and Benjamin Woodward in their trademark Italian medieval style.

The local library was formerly a courthouse built in the Victorian style of granite and mock Tudor features. There are also some follies such as a mock round tower built of red brick in the Castle Farm Farmyard.

Evidence of local industrial activity include the lead-mine chimney at Ballycorus. Other features include the 'upside down' houses by the Harcourt Street railway line bridge, which was the site of the original post office, and has its guest rooms downstairs, and its kitchen and living room upstairs. Shankill was accessible via the original Kingstown-Bray train line, which is now five metres from the sea in some places. A coastal wall was built from Killiney to Bray to try to stop the erosion, traces of which can still be seen along the beach. The medieval village of Longnon was sited some 200 yards (180 m) east of Quinn's Road beach but was obliterated by coastal erosion.

Buildings

Ballycorus Leadmines

Main article: Ballycorus Leadmines

Site of a lead ore smelter, a mile-long stone flue and a granite chimney on Carrickgollogan hill, which is visible from much of southeast Dublin.

Carnegie Library

Tudor-style library, architect R. M. Butler, 1912.

Clonasleigh

Clonasleigh, a house replaced by Shankill Shopping Centre (since upgraded and re-opened) was lived in by Frederick W. Meredith, once President of the Law Society, in the early 1900s. The name has been retained locally in Clonasleigh, a road with 16 houses, off Corbawn Lane, located close to the original house.

Clontra

Gothic mansion designed by Deane and Woodward, 1860, interior murals by John Hungerford Pollen. On 15 acres (61,000 m) of parkland by the coast, adjacent to Corbawn Wood estate.

Dorney Court

Originally called Clare Mount, built c. 1832, this fine Victorian house was demolished in 1984. Its site is now that of Shankill Garda Station. The grounds still contain a few Sequoia and Scots Pine trees following the felling of many of them in 1984.

Ferndale House

Large estate on several acres, the seat of David Plunket, 1st Baron Rathmore.

Mullinastill House

The former mill house is a listed structure and the set for several film scenes.

Puck's Castle

Main article: Puck's Castle

The 'castle', actually a fortified house, was built in the late 16th century. It provided a refuge in 1690 for James II and his army fleeing the Battle of the Boyne. One explanation for its name is that a ghost or puca inhabited the castle. In June 1867 the daughter of a local Englishman disappeared near the castle. Jane Eleanor Sherrard, daughter of Henry and Margaret Sherrard left her nearby home to pick flowers for the dinner table. When she failed to return home that evening the police were notified and a widespread search was conducted. The last confirmed sighting of Jane was by the local postman, who reported to have seen her picking flowers at the foot of the castle's northern wall. To this day the circumstances surrounding her disappearance remain unknown.

Rathmichael Church

Main article: Rathmichael

Commissioned by Charles Domvile in 1860, and designed by Benjamin Woodward, in the Hiberno-Romanesque style. The Domviles had their own high-backed chairs, behind red velvet curtains.

Shanganagh Bridge (1829)

The names mentioned on Shanganagh Bridge, Shankill
Inscription on Shanganagh Bridge, Shankill

Located at the junction of Commons Road and Shanganagh Road this bridge bears the worn inscription: "Built 1829 - Robert Day Thomas Bourchier Esq's - Overseers Myles Bready - Mason".

Robert Day, judge and MP, lived in Loughlinstown House. Day had a long career from the 1780s through to the 1830s. He was a member of King's Inns, and also of the Royal Dublin Society. Thomas Bourchier, Deputy Clerk of the Crown in the Irish House of Commons, lived in Killiney Castle, now the Fitzpatrick Castle Hotel, which is on the same road as Shanganagh Bridge. Bourchier died in 1832.

Shanganagh Castle (1408)

Located near Mill Lane, at the northern margins of the area, built in 1408 by the Lawless family and inhabited by their descendants until 1763, the castle was left in ruins by a fire in 1783. Only limited elements remain within the grounds of a later house.

Shanganagh Castle (18th century)

Several kilometres from the first Shanganagh Castle, during the late 18th century, a mansion was built on extensive lands running to the border of Shankill with County Wicklow. It was later used as an open prison for juveniles between 1969 and 2002. The site is now being developed by the local authority and Land Development Agency, with over 500 housing units planned, and the castle will be restored and reopened.

Shanganagh House

Shanganagh House

Later called Shanganagh Park, this Georgian-era mansion was built c. 1823 for William Hopper. Later residents included the Darcy brewing family and racehorse breeder Frank Field. It was compulsorily purchased by Dublin County Council in 1970; it now serves as a community centre and is surrounded by late 1970s council houses.

Shankill Castle

Built by Archbishop Henry de Loundres in 1229; site of the ancient Shankill church. It is one of the oldest surviving structures in the area.

Infrastructure

Old Dublin & South East railway line

The Dublin and South Eastern Railway ran along the coast, seaward from the modern DART and railway line, connecting Killiney and Bray.

Old Harcourt Street line

The former railroad running from Dublin to Bray on an inland route; closed in 1958. The D&SER and Harcourt Street railway line met at Shanganagh Junction.

Defunct link line

The Harcourt Street line continued seawards to meet the original D&SER line at Tyrell's land; this link closed in 1915 when the Shanganagh Diversion came into service.

The new D&SER line (modern line)

The coastal line was moved inland, from Ballybrack to Wood Glen, due to coastal erosion, the new line, the "Shanganagh Diversion", opened on 1 October 1915. A new connection to the Harcourt Street line was made at a new Shanganagh Junction, and stations were reworked.

Sanitation

Inscription on sanitation pole in Shankill Village 'R.No.1 R.D.C. 1911'

A sanitation pole in Shankill Village bears the cast lettering 'R.No.1 R.D.C. 1911'. Rural Districts were administrative divisions created in 1899. This inscription refers to the then Rathdown No.1 administrative district (as distinct from Rathdown No.2 district south of Bray). The two Rathdown districts were abolished in 1930 and 1925 respectively.

Amenities

Education

Shankill has 3 primary schools; Scoil Mhuire (Roman Catholic), Rathmichael Parish School (Church of Ireland) and Saint Anne's National School (Roman Catholic).

Religion

Shankill has one Roman Catholic church, St Anne's, and a Church of Ireland (Anglican) church, St James', at Crinken (to the south), and Rathmichael, which has had a church for more than 800 years, also has a Church of Ireland church, simply named for the area.

Retail

Brady's pub

Shankill is served by a convenience store, takeaway restaurants, bookmakers, barbers, pharmacies, hairdressers and beauty salon and a Lidl shopping centre. The local credit union has an office on the main street. There is also a public library.

Sport and leisure

Walking

The trailhead of the Dublin Mountains Way, a long-distance walking route (43  km trail) across the Dublin Mountains between Shankill and Tallaght begins on the main street.

Football

Local soccer teams include Shankill FC, which has schoolboy and schoolgirl sides.

Tennis

Shankill Tennis Club, which opened a new clubhouse in 2007 and indoor courts in 2016, is located at the junction of Quinn's Road and Corbawn Drive.

GAA

Shankill GAA Club re-formed in 2013 after a 20-year absence. As of 2021 the club fielded approximately 30 teams across Gaelic football, hurling and camogie in both underage and adult teams.

Sailing

In about 1877, a sailing club was formed at the end of Corbawn Lane called the Shankill Corinthian Sailing Club for the promotion and encouragement of amateur seamanship. The membership came from the residents of the houses in the immediate vicinity. They sailed in small open boats without centre-boards or keels which were light enough to be pulled up on the beach by two men. The club survived for more than 10 years before many of the members relocated their sailing activities to Kingstown.

Awards

In 2007, Shankill won the 'National Best Urban Village' award and two other awards in the Tidy Towns Competition.

Shankill, Belfast

Like its namesake the Shankill district of Belfast, Dublin's Shankill also has its own Falls Road. Occasionally, the primary schools and community groups in both Shankills hold football or other sporting events to promote closer north–south ties.

Transport

Bus

Dublin Bus routes 7b, 145 and 155 connect Shankill with the city centre and routes 84 and 84a link the area with Blackrock. The Go-Ahead Ireland routes 45a and 45b connect the area to Kilmacanogue and Dún Laoghaire.

The Aircoach service from Greystones to Dublin airport also stops at the main street Dublin Bus stop, although originally it was planned to stop outside Brady's of Shankill (aka Mickey Byrne's Bar; the stop still has this name despite being approximately 50 metres from the pub itself), en route to the airport.

Rail

The former DW&WR Shankill station house

Shankill station - located between Rathsallagh Park and Corbawn Lane - is the third-last stop on the southbound leg of Dublin's DART line.

The original Shankill station was on the Harcourt Street line, which opened following the opening of the Dublin and Wicklow Railway in 1854. The line closed in 1958, and the current station in Shankill opened in 1977.

Luas

The closest Luas stops (Green Line) are at Cherrywood and Brides Glen, with connections to Dublin city centre (Parnell) and Broombridge. There have been plans to extend the Green Line to the station in Bray, which if they went ahead as planned, would mean the line would pass through Shankill. However these plans are dormant for now.

Road

The N11 national route used to run through Shankill, until the M11 bypass was built nearby. The area can now be accessed via coastal roads, from the M11, or by a road at Crinken which overflies the M11.

People

See also

References

  1. "Census 2016 Profile 2 – Population Distribution and Movements". Central Statistics Office Census 2016 Reports. Central Statistics Office Ireland. May 2017. The figure represents the sum of the populations of the Shankill-Rathmichael, Shankill-Rathsallagh and Shankill-Shanganagh electoral districts.
  2. The Mining Company of Ireland Ltd., short history of mining operations at Ballycorus Archived 15 August 2007 at the Wayback Machine
  3. An Taisce catalogue of photographs of Irish Carnegie Libraries Archived 26 July 2011 at the Wayback Machine
  4. "Clontra, National Inventory of Architectural Heritage". Buildingsofireland.ie. Retrieved 24 August 2013.
  5. Pucks Castle, brief history & photos Archived 14 May 2006 at the Wayback Machine
  6. Burke, Bernard; Fox-Davies, Arthur Charles (1 January 1912). A genealogical and heraldic history of the landed gentry of Ireland. Dalcassian Publishing Company.
  7. Shanganagh Castle (18th century), brief history, old drawing & photo Archived 27 September 2007 at the Wayback Machine
  8. "Shanganagh Castle (18th century), National Inventory of Architectural Heritage". Buildingsofireland.ie. Retrieved 24 August 2013.
  9. "Shanganagh House, National Inventory of Architectural Heritage". Buildingsofireland.ie. Archived from the original on 18 November 2017. Retrieved 24 August 2013.
  10. "Shankill Castle, National Inventory of Architectural Heritage". Buildingsofireland.ie. Archived from the original on 14 February 2009. Retrieved 24 August 2013.
  11. Shankill Castle, brief history Archived 27 September 2007 at the Wayback Machine
  12. Shanganagh Cliffs FC men's team
  13. "Shankill Tennis Club". Archived from the original on 30 November 2002.
  14. Alfred and Vincent Delany 'The Water Wags 1887-2012' (Dun Laoghaire, 2012)p.15
  15. "Shankill Tidy Towns 2007 awards". Shankillmatters.com. Retrieved 24 August 2013.

External links

Places in Dún Laoghaire–Rathdown
County town: Dún Laoghaire
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Residential areas of County Dublin
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