| Revision as of 15:39, 5 June 2007 editOmegatron (talk | contribs)Administrators35,798 edits →News coverage: remove meaningless criticism. please focus on the bogus claims that are being made, not just adding weasel words that make it sound dubious← Previous edit |
Latest revision as of 10:32, 18 May 2024 edit undoCBDunkerson (talk | contribs)Administrators15,422 editsm Removed protection from "HHO gas": Indefinite protection not required |
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#REDIRECT ] |
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'''This article is being considered for deletion''' for the 4th time in accordance with Misplaced Pages's ].<br /> |
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Please share your thoughts on the matter at ''']''' on the ] page.<br /> |
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You are welcome to edit this article, but please do not blank this article or remove this notice while the discussion is in progress. For more information, particularly on merging or moving the article during the discussion, read the ].<br/> |
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{{Redirect category shell| |
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'''HHO''' ("Hybrid Hydrogen Oxygen") is a gas created by a patented electrolysis process from ordinary water, which is claimed to have special properties.{{Fact|date=June 2007}} There is no commonly accepted scientific evidence that such a gas exists however and the properties claimed for it break the established laws of physics.<ref name="US7191737">{{US patent reference |
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{{R to section}} |
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| number = 7191737 |
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}} |
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| y = 2007 |
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| m = 03 |
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| d = 20 |
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| inventor = Dennis Klein |
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| title = Hydrogen generator for uses in a vehicle fuel system |
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}}</ref> '''Aquygen''' is the trademark for this gas used by Hydrogen Technology Applications, Inc., which sells gas generators for use in welding and cutting torches.<ref name="HTA get">{{cite web |
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| url = http://hytechapps.com/get_aquygen |
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| title = How to get Aquygen |
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| accessdate = 2007-04-05 |
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| year = 2006 |
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| publisher = Hydrogen Technology Applications, Inc. |
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}}</ref> HTA also claims that the gas is useful as a "primary fuel source or a fuel additive", enhancing the fuel efficiency of gasoline, diesel and aircraft turbine engines.<ref name="HTA history">{{cite web |
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| url = http://hytechapps.com/company/history |
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| title = Company: Our History |
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| accessdate = 2007-04-05 |
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| year = 2006 |
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| publisher = Hydrogen Technology Applications, Inc. |
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}}</ref> |
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The claims that HHO gas has any special properties are not supported by mainstream scientists because independent research adhering to the ] is lacking.{{Fact|date=June 2007}}<!-- weasel words --> There are some<!-- weasel words --> who believe that this "new" gas may in fact be old technology being touted as new technology.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://msgboard.snopes.com/cgi-bin/ultimatebb.cgi?ubb=get_topic;f=56;t=002848;p=1 | title = Topic: Magical water fuel: A successful hoax? Or, what's the catch? | work = ] forum |date=May 13, 2006 | accessdate = 2007-03-30}}</ref> |
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== Properties == |
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HHO gas is odorless, colorless and lighter than air, with many properties identical to ] or ].{{Fact|date=June 2007}} According to HTA and ] of the ] there are many unique and unusual properties that distinguish HHO from oxyhydrogen (Brown's gas), water vapor, and other variants.<ref name="HTA science">{{cite web |
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| url = http://hytechapps.com/aquygen/science |
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| title = Aquygen: A New Kind of Gas - Key features establishing the novelty of Aquygen Gas |
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| accessdate = 2007-04-05 |
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| year = 2006 |
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| publisher = Hydrogen Technology Applications, Inc. |
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}}</ref> |
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*Santilli describes the creation of the gaseous and combustible HHO from distilled water at atmospheric temperature and pressure via a process structurally different than evaporation or separation, which suggests the existence of a new form of water. There is no evidence whatsoever that this process is theoretically possible or has been achieved in practice. |
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*In the production of HHO gas, there is no evaporation process at all,{{Fact|date=June 2007}} the electric energy used being insufficient for evaporation. |
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*Its commercial proponents claim that HHO gas exhibits a widely varying energy content, ranging from a relatively cold flame (259°F) in open air to large releases of thermal energy, depending on its use. As all normal fuels have a fixed value of energy content (Santilli measures in ]/]) the claims regarding HHO must be dubious and have not been proved. |
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*It is claimed that HHO gas instantaneously melts tungsten, bricks, and other highly refractive substances. In particular, measurements have established the remarkable capability of combusted Aquygen Gas to instantaneously reach temperatures over 10,000°F, under which virtually all substances on Earth can be sublimated. There is no evidence that this is the case. |
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*That fact that HHO gas does not follow the fundamental ] for gases is another reason to doubt its existence. |
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*HHO gas is supposed by its believers to demonstrate an anomalous adhesion to gases, liquids and solids. They claim that HHO gas bonds to gaseous fuels (such as natural gas, magnegas fuel, and others) and liquid fuels (such as diesel, gasoline, liquid petroleum, and others). These claims, again, have no basis in fact. |
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=== Magnecules === |
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Based<!-- solely? --> on the claims of variable energy content and flames which can "melt instantaneously tungsten and bricks", Santilli concludes in the ] that HHO gas has a unique structure with a chemical composition that cannot be described by modern science.<ref>{{cite journal | last = Santilli | first = Ruggero Maria | year = 2006 | month = August | title = A new gaseous and combustible form of water | journal = ] | volume = 31 | issue = 9 | pages = pp. 1113–1128 | doi = 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2005.11.006 | url = http://hytechapps.com/aquygen/international_journal.pdf | format = PDF | accessdate = 2007-02-20 }}</ref> He claims that ] experiments show evidence of stable clusters composed of individual H and O atoms, their ]s H–O, and their molecules {{hydrogen|2}}, {{oxygen|2}} and ]. <!-- Lone H and O atoms usually only survive ____ nanopicoseconds before reacting, so either he's discovered something unique or his measurement are wrong --> According to Santilli,<!-- and normal science --> these atomic and molecular bonds cannot entirely be of valence type. He proposes, instead, that the gas contains an oxygen-hydrogen hybrid, which he names a "magnecule", in a structure which has yet to be understood.<ref>{{cite journal |
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| title = Structure and Combustion of Magnegases | journal = Hadronic Journal | issue = 27 | pages = p. 299-330 | author = R. M. Santilli, A. K. Aringazin | date = December 20, 2001 | id = {{arXiv|archive=physics|id=0112066}} |
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}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |
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| last = Santilli | first = Ruggero Maria | date = ] | title = The Novel 'Controlled Intermediate Nuclear Fusion' and its Possible Industrial Realization as Predicted by Hadronic Mechanics and Chemistry| id = {{arxiv|archive=physics|id=0602125}} | accessdate = 2007-03-01 }} {{quote|DEFINITION: Santilli’s magnecules are stable clusters consisting of individual atoms (H, C, O, etc.), dimers (OH, CH, etc.) and ordinary molecules (CO, H2O, etc.) bonded together by opposing magnetic polarities originating from toroidal polarizations of the orbitals of atomic electrons. Numerous new substances with magnecular structures have been identified experimentally to date, among which we indicate MagneGas, MagneHydrogen, HHO, and others under industrial development. |
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}}</ref> HHO is described to have the structure (H×H)–O where “×” represents Santilli's magnecular bond and “–” the conventional molecular bond. The transition from the conventional H–O–H configuration to the new (H×H)–O species is explained as being a change of the electric polarization of water caused by the electrolyzer. These claims have not yet been verified through multiple independent research studies nor are they endorsed or held by any scientist of repute in the field. |
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== News coverage == |
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The media has done several stories on the HHO gas, being featured on CNN, FOX News, and NBC. Hydrogen Technology Applications Inc. has donated several HHO gas generators to Kentucky universities and technical training centers during its introduction program.<ref>{{cite journal | url = http://www.eppc.ky.gov/NR/rdonlyres/35AF34E9-43FC-4C10-9FC8-FA2ABFE2CCA3/0/Winter2005LAW.pdf#page=15 | pages = pg.15 | title = Gadgets and gizmos | journal = Land Air & Water, Kentucky Dept. for Environmental Protection | author = Linda Potter | date = Winter 2005 | volume = 16 | issue = 1 | oclc = 20955733 }}</ref> The fact that HHO has been the subject of media interest in no way validates any claim of its existence or almost supernatural properties. |
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==See also== |
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==References== |
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<references/> |
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{{US patent|6,689,259}} |
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{{US patent|6,866,756}} |
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== External links == |
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