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{{Short description|Irish Fine Gael politician (1889–1979)}} | |||
'''Patrick McGilligan''' (], ] – ], ]) was an ] lawyer and ]/] politician. | |||
{{for|his father|Patrick McGilligan (Irish nationalist politician)}} | |||
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2022}} | |||
{{Use Hiberno-English|date=March 2022}} | |||
{{Infobox officeholder | |||
| name = Patrick McGilligan | |||
| image = Patrick_McGilligan.jpg | |||
| order = 14th | |||
| office = Attorney General of Ireland | |||
| taoiseach = ] | |||
| term_start = 2 June 1954 | |||
| term_end = 20 March 1957 | |||
| predecessor = ] | |||
| successor = Aindrias Ó Caoimh | |||
| office1 = ] | |||
| taoiseach1 = John A. Costello | |||
| term_start1 = 18 February 1948 | |||
| term_end1 = 13 June 1951 | |||
| predecessor1 = ] | |||
| successor1 = ] | |||
| office2 = ] | |||
| president2 = ] | |||
| term_start2 = 11 October 1927 | |||
| term_end2 = 9 March 1932 | |||
| predecessor2 = W. T. Cosgrave | |||
| successor2 = ] | |||
| office3 = ] | |||
| president3 = W. T. Cosgrave | |||
| term_start3 = 4 April 1924 | |||
| term_end3 = 9 March 1932 | |||
| predecessor3 = John McManus | |||
| successor3 = ] | |||
| office4 = ] | |||
| term_start4 = ] | |||
| term_end4 = ] | |||
| constituency4 = ] | |||
| term_start5 = ] | |||
| term_end5 = ] | |||
| constituency5 = ] | |||
| term_start6 = ] | |||
| term_end6 = ] | |||
| constituency6 = ] | |||
| birth_date = {{birth date|df=y|1889|4|12}} | |||
| birth_place = ], ], Ireland | |||
| death_date = {{death date and age|1979|11|15|1889|4|12|df=y}} | |||
| death_place = ], ], Ireland | |||
| nationality = ] | |||
| party = ] | |||
| otherparty = {{Ubl|]|]}} | |||
| spouse = {{marriage|Anne Conolly | 1929}} | |||
| children = 4 | |||
| education = {{Ubl|]|]}} | |||
| alma_mater = ] | |||
|}} | |||
'''Patrick Joseph McGilligan''' (12 April 1889 – 15 November 1979) was an Irish ] politician who served as the 14th ] from 1954 to 1957, ] from 1948 to 1951, ] from 1927 to 1932 and ] from 1924 to 1932. He served as a ] (TD) from 1923 to 1965.<ref name=oireachtas_db/> | |||
==Early life== | |||
McGilligan was born in ], ]. He was educated in ], at ] in ] and at ]. | |||
McGilligan was born in Hanover Place, ], ], the son of ], a draper, who would serve as ] for ] from 1892 to 1895 for the ], and Catherine O'Farrell.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://civilrecords.irishgenealogy.ie/churchrecords/details-civil/4801f40456329|title=General Registrar's Office|website=IrishGenealogy.ie|access-date=12 April 2017|archive-date=22 September 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210922193727/https://civilrecords.irishgenealogy.ie/churchrecords/captcha.jsp|url-status=live}}</ref> He was educated at ] in ]; ] in ] and ].<ref name=dib>{{cite web|url=https://www.dib.ie/biography/mcgilligan-patrick-a5669|title=McGilligan, Patrick|last=Harkness|first=David|work=]|access-date=21 March 2022}}</ref> | |||
==Lawyer and politician== | |||
He joined ] but was unsuccessful in his attempt to be elected as a ] in ]. McGilligan was ] in 1921. | |||
He joined ] but was unsuccessful in his attempt to be elected as an ] at the ]. McGilligan was ] in 1921.<ref name=elecs_irl>{{cite web|url=http://electionsireland.org/candidate.cfm?ID=1470|title=Patrick J. McGilligan|work=ElectionsIreland.org|access-date=12 February 2012|archive-date=29 January 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120129170945/http://www.electionsireland.org/candidate.cfm?id=1470|url-status=live}}</ref> | |||
==Minister for Industry and Commerce== | |||
He was elected as a ] ] for the ] at a by-election held on 3 November 1923.{{Fact|Date=November 2007}} Between 1924 and 1932 McGilligan served as Minister for Industry & Commerce. In 1927 he set up the ] (ESB), and also the ]. That same year McGilligan also took over the External Affairs portfolio following the assassination of ] by the anti-] elements of the ] as revenge for O'Higgins' support for the execution of Republican prisoners during the ] (1922-23). In this position he was hugely influential at the ] and at the ] in 1930 (jointly with representatives of ], ], ], ] and the ]). The ] that emerged from these meetings gave greater power to ]s in the ] like the ]. | |||
He was elected as a ] ] for the ] at a by-election held on 3 November 1923.<ref name=oireachtas_db>{{cite web|url=https://www.oireachtas.ie/en/members/member/Patrick-McGilligan.D.1923-11-03/|title=Patrick McGilligan|work=Oireachtas Members database|access-date=10 November 2007|archive-date=7 November 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181107224954/https://www.oireachtas.ie/en/members/member/Patrick-McGilligan.D.1923-11-03|url-status=live}}</ref> His time in Government was marked by economic retrenchment and a focus on low taxation. At the beginning of his time in office he declared that "People may have to die in this country and may have to die of starvation".<ref>{{Citation|last=Lee|first=Joseph J.|chapter=REBELLION: 1912–1922|pages=1–55|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=9781139167802|doi=10.1017/cbo9781139167802.003|title=Ireland 1912–1985|year=1990}}</ref> Between 1924 and 1932, McGilligan served as Minister for Industry and Commerce, notably pushing through the ], then the largest ] project in the world. In 1927, he set up the ] (ESB), and also the ].<ref name=dib/> | |||
==Minister for External Affairs== | |||
During his period in opposition from 1932 to 1948 he built up a law practice and became professor of constitutional and international law at ]. In 1948 McGilligan was appointed Minister for Finance in the first Inter-Party Government. As Minister for Finance he undertook some major reforms. He instigated a new approach where Governemnt invested readically in capital projects. Between 1954 and 1957 he served as ]. He retired from ] at the ], having served for over 40 years. | |||
] passport (issued 1930). ''"We, Patrick McGilligan, Esquire, Minister for External Affairs of the Irish Free State, Request and require, in the name of His Majesty George V. King of Great Britain, Ireland and the British Dominions beyond the Seas, Emperor of India, all those whom it may concern to allow the bearer to pass freely etc."'']] | |||
In 1927, McGilligan was appointed as ], following the assassination of ] by the anti-] elements of the ], in revenge for O'Higgins' support for the execution of Republican prisoners during the ] (1922–23). In this position, he was hugely influential at the Committee on the Operation of Dominion Legislation and at the ] in 1930 (jointly with representatives of ], ], ], ] and the ]). The ] that emerged from these meetings gave greater power to ]s in the ] like the ].<ref name=dib/> | |||
==In opposition== | |||
Patrick McGilligan died in ] on ] ]. | |||
Following the ], Cumann na nGaedhael were sent into opposition for the first time as ] took over as the government. Tensions between the two parties ratcheted up as both sides began to turn towards paramilitaries. The ] began to disrupt Cumann na nGaedhael public meetings, and in turn, a pro-Cumann na nGaedhael paramilitary called the ] (later better known as the Blueshirts) was created to counteract the IRA and disrupt Fianna Fáil meetings. As the links between the Blueshirts and Cumann na nGaedhael rapidly developed, sitting CnaG Teachta Dála ] became the leader of the ACA. He was joined by several other CnaG TDs including McGilligan. Cumann na nGaedhael, The ] and the Blueshirts would eventually merge into one new party called ] in the aftermath of the ] and the banning of the Blueshirts. Despite their combination of strength, they failed to make much of an impact in the ] either. Fine Gael would remain in opposition until the ].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.irishtimes.com/culture/books/without-the-blueshirts-there-would-have-been-no-fine-gael-1.4399082 |title=Without the Blueshirts, there would have been no Fine Gael |last1=Collins |first1=Stephen |last2=Meehan |first2=Ciara |date=7 November 2020 |publisher=] |access-date=7 January 2021 |archive-date=4 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210104144931/https://www.irishtimes.com/culture/books/without-the-blueshirts-there-would-have-been-no-fine-gael-1.4399082 |url-status=live }}</ref> | |||
During this period in opposition from 1932 to 1948, McGilligan built up a law practice and became a professor of constitutional and international law at ]. When the ] Dáil constituency was abolished in 1937 (before being recreated in the Seanad in 1938), McGilligan was elected as TD for ].<ref name=oireachtas_db/> | |||
==Political career== | |||
{{start box}} | |||
==Inter-Party governments== | |||
In 1948, McGilligan was appointed Minister for Finance in the ]. As Minister, he undertook some major reforms. He instigated a new approach where the government invested radically in capital projects.{{Clarify|date=May 2011}} Colleagues however complained of his frequent absence from cabinet and the difficulty of contacting him at the Department of Finance. Between 1954 and 1957, he served as ], a job in which, as he admitted, he felt far more at home than as Minister for Finance. He lost his seat at the ]. He then retired from politics, having served for over 40 years.<ref name=dib/> | |||
==Death and legacy== | |||
Patrick McGilligan died in ] on 15 November 1979; at the age of ninety. A later Attorney General, ] in the preface to his definitive text, ''The Irish Constitution'' (1980), noted the remarkable number of senior judges who were former students of McGilligan and suggested that given his own firm belief in the value of ], he deserves much of the credit for the remarkable development of Irish law in this field since the early 1960s.<ref name=dib/> | |||
==References== | |||
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|years = 1924–1932}} | |||
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| years = 1924–1932 | |||
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|years = 1927–1932}} | |||
{{s-aft|after = ]}} | |||
{{s-bef|before = ]}} | |||
{{s-ttl|title = ] | |||
|years = 1948–1951}} | |||
{{s-aft|after = ]}} | |||
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{{s-bef|before = ]}} | |||
{{s-ttl|title = ] | |||
|years = 1954–1957}} | |||
{{s-aft|after = ]}} | |||
{{s-end}} | |||
{{Navboxes||title=Patrick McGilligan navigational boxes|list1= | |||
{{Attorneys General of Ireland}} | |||
{{2nd Executive Council of the Irish Free State}} | |||
{{3rd Executive Council of the Irish Free State}} | |||
{{4th Executive Council of the Irish Free State}} | |||
{{5th Executive Council of the Irish Free State}} | |||
{{5th Government of Ireland}} | |||
{{Ministers for Finance of Ireland}} | |||
{{Ministers for Foreign Affairs of Ireland}} | |||
{{Ministers for Enterprise, Trade and Employment of Ireland}} | |||
{{National University of Ireland (constituency)/TDs}} | |||
{{Dublin North-West (Dáil constituency)/TDs}} | |||
{{Dublin North-Central (Dáil constituency)/TDs}} | |||
}} | }} | ||
{{Authority control}} | |||
{{succession box | |||
| before = ] | |||
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| years = 1927–1932 | |||
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| years = 1948–1951 | |||
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| title = ] | |||
| years = 1954–1957 | |||
| after = ] | |||
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==External links== | |||
* | |||
{{oireachtas-database}} | |||
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Latest revision as of 11:17, 11 December 2024
Irish Fine Gael politician (1889–1979) For his father, see Patrick McGilligan (Irish nationalist politician).
Patrick McGilligan | |
---|---|
14th Attorney General of Ireland | |
In office 2 June 1954 – 20 March 1957 | |
Taoiseach | John A. Costello |
Preceded by | Aindrias Ó Caoimh |
Succeeded by | Aindrias Ó Caoimh |
Minister for Finance | |
In office 18 February 1948 – 13 June 1951 | |
Taoiseach | John A. Costello |
Preceded by | Frank Aiken |
Succeeded by | Seán MacEntee |
Minister for External Affairs | |
In office 11 October 1927 – 9 March 1932 | |
President | W. T. Cosgrave |
Preceded by | W. T. Cosgrave |
Succeeded by | Éamon de Valera |
Minister for Industry and Commerce | |
In office 4 April 1924 – 9 March 1932 | |
President | W. T. Cosgrave |
Preceded by | John McManus |
Succeeded by | Seán Lemass |
Teachta Dála | |
In office February 1948 – June 1965 | |
Constituency | Dublin North-Central |
In office July 1937 – February 1948 | |
Constituency | Dublin North-West |
In office November 1923 – July 1937 | |
Constituency | National University |
Personal details | |
Born | (1889-04-12)12 April 1889 Coleraine, County Londonderry, Ireland |
Died | 15 November 1979(1979-11-15) (aged 90) Dalkey, Dublin, Ireland |
Political party | Fine Gael |
Other political affiliations | |
Spouse |
Anne Conolly (m. 1929) |
Children | 4 |
Education | |
Alma mater | University College Dublin |
Patrick Joseph McGilligan (12 April 1889 – 15 November 1979) was an Irish Fine Gael politician who served as the 14th Attorney General of Ireland from 1954 to 1957, Minister for Finance from 1948 to 1951, Minister for External Affairs from 1927 to 1932 and Minister for Industry and Commerce from 1924 to 1932. He served as a Teachta Dála (TD) from 1923 to 1965.
Early life
McGilligan was born in Hanover Place, Coleraine, County Londonderry, the son of Patrick McGilligan, a draper, who would serve as MP for South Fermanagh from 1892 to 1895 for the Irish Parliamentary Party, and Catherine O'Farrell. He was educated at St Columb's College in Derry; Clongowes Wood College in County Kildare and University College Dublin.
Lawyer and politician
He joined Sinn Féin but was unsuccessful in his attempt to be elected as an MP at the 1918 general election. McGilligan was called to the bar in 1921.
Minister for Industry and Commerce
He was elected as a Cumann na nGaedheal TD for the National University at a by-election held on 3 November 1923. His time in Government was marked by economic retrenchment and a focus on low taxation. At the beginning of his time in office he declared that "People may have to die in this country and may have to die of starvation". Between 1924 and 1932, McGilligan served as Minister for Industry and Commerce, notably pushing through the Shannon hydroelectric scheme, then the largest hydroelectricity project in the world. In 1927, he set up the Electricity Supply Board (ESB), and also the Agricultural Credit Corporation.
Minister for External Affairs
In 1927, McGilligan was appointed as Minister for External Affairs, following the assassination of Kevin O'Higgins by the anti-Treaty elements of the IRA, in revenge for O'Higgins' support for the execution of Republican prisoners during the Irish Civil War (1922–23). In this position, he was hugely influential at the Committee on the Operation of Dominion Legislation and at the Imperial Conference in 1930 (jointly with representatives of Australia, Canada, New Zealand, South Africa and the United Kingdom). The Statute of Westminster that emerged from these meetings gave greater power to dominions in the Commonwealth like the Irish Free State.
In opposition
Following the 1932 general election, Cumann na nGaedhael were sent into opposition for the first time as Fianna Fáil took over as the government. Tensions between the two parties ratcheted up as both sides began to turn towards paramilitaries. The Irish Republican Army began to disrupt Cumann na nGaedhael public meetings, and in turn, a pro-Cumann na nGaedhael paramilitary called the Army Comrades Association (later better known as the Blueshirts) was created to counteract the IRA and disrupt Fianna Fáil meetings. As the links between the Blueshirts and Cumann na nGaedhael rapidly developed, sitting CnaG Teachta Dála Thomas F. O'Higgins became the leader of the ACA. He was joined by several other CnaG TDs including McGilligan. Cumann na nGaedhael, The National Centre Party and the Blueshirts would eventually merge into one new party called Fine Gael in the aftermath of the 1933 general election and the banning of the Blueshirts. Despite their combination of strength, they failed to make much of an impact in the 1934 local elections either. Fine Gael would remain in opposition until the 1948 general election.
During this period in opposition from 1932 to 1948, McGilligan built up a law practice and became a professor of constitutional and international law at University College Dublin. When the National University Dáil constituency was abolished in 1937 (before being recreated in the Seanad in 1938), McGilligan was elected as TD for Dublin North-West.
Inter-Party governments
In 1948, McGilligan was appointed Minister for Finance in the first Inter-Party Government. As Minister, he undertook some major reforms. He instigated a new approach where the government invested radically in capital projects. Colleagues however complained of his frequent absence from cabinet and the difficulty of contacting him at the Department of Finance. Between 1954 and 1957, he served as Attorney General, a job in which, as he admitted, he felt far more at home than as Minister for Finance. He lost his seat at the 1965 general election. He then retired from politics, having served for over 40 years.
Death and legacy
Patrick McGilligan died in Dublin on 15 November 1979; at the age of ninety. A later Attorney General, John M. Kelly in the preface to his definitive text, The Irish Constitution (1980), noted the remarkable number of senior judges who were former students of McGilligan and suggested that given his own firm belief in the value of judicial review, he deserves much of the credit for the remarkable development of Irish law in this field since the early 1960s.
References
- ^ "Patrick McGilligan". Oireachtas Members database. Archived from the original on 7 November 2018. Retrieved 10 November 2007.
- "General Registrar's Office". IrishGenealogy.ie. Archived from the original on 22 September 2021. Retrieved 12 April 2017.
- ^ Harkness, David. "McGilligan, Patrick". Dictionary of Irish Biography. Retrieved 21 March 2022.
- "Patrick J. McGilligan". ElectionsIreland.org. Archived from the original on 29 January 2012. Retrieved 12 February 2012.
- Lee, Joseph J. (1990), "REBELLION: 1912–1922", Ireland 1912–1985, Cambridge University Press, pp. 1–55, doi:10.1017/cbo9781139167802.003, ISBN 9781139167802
- Collins, Stephen; Meehan, Ciara (7 November 2020). "Without the Blueshirts, there would have been no Fine Gael". Irish Times. Archived from the original on 4 January 2021. Retrieved 7 January 2021.
Political offices | ||
---|---|---|
Preceded byJoseph McGrath | Minister for Industry and Commerce 1924–1932 |
Succeeded bySeán Lemass |
Preceded byKevin O'Higgins | Minister for External Affairs 1927–1932 |
Succeeded byÉamon de Valera |
Preceded byFrank Aiken | Minister for Finance 1948–1951 |
Succeeded bySeán MacEntee |
Legal offices | ||
Preceded byAindrias Ó Caoimh | Attorney General of Ireland 1954–1957 |
Succeeded byAindrias Ó Caoimh |
- 1889 births
- 1979 deaths
- Cumann na nGaedheal TDs
- Fine Gael TDs
- Ministers for finance of Ireland
- Ministers for foreign affairs of Ireland
- Attorneys general of Ireland
- Members of the 4th Dáil
- Members of the 5th Dáil
- Members of the 6th Dáil
- Members of the 7th Dáil
- Members of the 8th Dáil
- Members of the 9th Dáil
- Members of the 10th Dáil
- Members of the 11th Dáil
- Members of the 12th Dáil
- Members of the 13th Dáil
- Members of the 14th Dáil
- Members of the 15th Dáil
- Members of the 16th Dáil
- Members of the 17th Dáil
- Members of the Blueshirts
- People from Coleraine, County Londonderry
- People educated at Clongowes Wood College
- People educated at St Columb's College
- Alumni of University College Dublin
- Sinn Féin parliamentary candidates
- Teachtaí Dála for the National University of Ireland
- Ministers for enterprise, trade and employment
- Lawyers from County Londonderry