Bitlis Province: Difference between revisions

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	{{~~Infobox~~ Province TR		{{Short description\|Province of Turkey}}
			{{distinguish\|Bitlis Vilayet}}
	\|region = Eastern Anatolia
			{{Infobox Turkey place
	\|name = Bitlis
			\| type = province
	\|total population = 413,446
			\| name =
	\|area= 6707
			\| other_name = Bitlis ili
	\|licence = 13
			\| image_skyline = Ancient tombstones in the historical cemetery of Selcuk Turks from 12th century, in the town of Ahlat, Turkey.jpg
	\|area_code= 434
			\| image_caption = View of ]
	\|}}
			\| image_shield =
	'''Bitlis''' is a province of eastern ], located to the west of ]. ] form the majority.<ref> — ]</ref> The capital of the province is the city ].
			\| image_map = Bitlis in Turkey.svg
			\| map_caption = Location of the province within Turkey
			\| seat = ]
			\| leader_name = Erol Karaömeroğlu
			\| area_footnotes =
			\| area_total_km2 = 8294
			\|leader_title=]\| elevation_m =
			\| population_footnotes = <ref name=tuik/>
			\| population_total = 353988
			\| population_as_of = 2022
			\| website = {{URL\|http://www.bitlis.gov.tr/}}
			\| area_code = 0434
			}}
			'''Bitlis Province''' ({{langx\|tr\|{{italics correction\|Bitlis ili}}}}; {{Langx\|hy\|Բաղեշի մարզ\|translit=Bagheshi marz}};<ref>{{cite book\|last=Hakobyan\|first=Tadevos\|url=http://armenianhouse.org/hakobyan-t/armenian-cities.html\|publisher="Hayastan" Publishing\|year=1987\|location=Yerevan\|page=98\|language=hy\|script-title=hy:Պատմական Հայաստանի քաղաքները\|trans-title=Cities of historic Armenia\|author-link=Tadevos Hakobyan}}</ref> {{langx\|ku-Latn\|Parêzgeha Bidlîsê}})<ref>{{Cite news\|url=https://www.rudaw.net/kurmanci/kurdistan/190320191\|title=Li Bidlîsê qedexeya derketina derve\|date=19 March 2019\|work=Rûadw\|access-date=27 April 2020\|language=ku}}</ref> is a ] of eastern ], located to the west of ]. It takes its name from the central city, ]. Its area is 8,294 km<sup>2</sup>,<ref>{{cite web\|url=https://www.harita.gov.tr/uploads/files-folder/il_ilce_alanlari.xlsx\|title=İl ve İlçe Yüz ölçümleri\|publisher=General Directorate of Mapping\|access-date=19 September 2023}}</ref> and its population is 353,988 (2022).<ref name=tuik>{{Cite web \|title=Address-based population registration system (ADNKS) results dated 31 December 2022, Favorite Reports\|url=https://biruni.tuik.gov.tr/medas/?kn=95&locale=en \|access-date=19 September 2023\|publisher=]\|language=en\|format=XLS}}</ref> The province is considered part of ] by ].<ref>Myhill, John (2006). ''Language, Religion and National Identity in Europe and the Middle East: A historical study''. Amsterdam: J. Benjamins. p. 32. {{ISBN\|978-90-272-9351-0}}.</ref> The province is considered part of ] and has a ] majority.<ref>{{cite book\|last=Watts\|first=Nicole F.\|title=Activists in Office: Kurdish Politics and Protest in Turkey (Studies in Modernity and National Identity)\|date=2010\|publisher=University of Washington Press\|location=Seattle\|isbn=978-0-295-99050-7\|page=}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal\|date=2002\|title=Kurds, Kurdistān\|url=https://referenceworks.brillonline.com/entries/encyclopaedia-of-islam-2/kurds-kurdistan-COM_0544?s.num=167&s.start=100\|journal=Encyclopaedia of Islam\|edition=2\|publisher=]\|isbn=978-90-04-16121-4}}</ref> The current ] of the province is Erol Karaömeroğlu.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=http://www.bitlis.gov.tr/yoneticilerimiz\|title=Yöneticilerimiz\|publisher=Bitlis Valiliği\|access-date=24 October 2023}}</ref>

			== Demographics ==
	A folk etymology explanation of the name Bitlis, is that it is derived from "Bedlis", the name of the commander who built a castle in the province, by the order of ], King of Macedonia. The history of Bitlis extends back to 2000 BC, and the city contains traces from the ], ], ], ], and ] periods.
			{{Historical populations
			\|align=left
			\|footnote=Source:Turkstat<ref></ref><ref></ref><ref name="Turkstat">{{cite web\| url=https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Bulten/Index?p=Adrese-Dayali-Nufus-Kayit-Sistemi-Sonuclari-2020-37210 \|title=The Results of Address Based Population Registration System, 2020 \|publisher=Turkish Statistical Institute \|access-date=7 December 2021 \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211028044112/https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Bulten/Index?p=Adrese-Dayali-Nufus-Kayit-Sistemi-Sonuclari-2020-37210 \|archive-date=2021-10-28}}</ref>
			\|1927\|90,631
			\|1940\|68,825
			\|1950\|88,634
			\|1960\|128,966
			\|1970\|185,473
			\|1980\|257,908
			\|1990\|330,115
			\|2000\|388,678
			\|2010\|328,767
			\|2020\|350,994
			\|percentages=pagr
			}}
			{{clear}}

			==History==
	It was known as the Kurdish principality ] from the 12th to the 19th century. The region was also the home of the 16th century ] historian, ] (also: ''Sharaf al-Din Bitlisi''), who was also an appointed prince of the ] and later ].
			The province was part of ]<ref>Discoveries Among the Ruins of Nineveh and Babylon - Page 358 by Sir Austen Henry Layard, Austin Henry Layard</ref> of the ]. Before the ], the area was part of the ].<ref>İsmail Soysal, ''Türkiye'nin Siyasal Andlaşmaları'', I. Cilt (1920-1945), Türk Tarih Kurumu, 1983, p. 14.</ref><ref>Verheij, Jelle (2012). Jongerden, Joost; Verheij, Jelle (eds.). ''Social Relations in Ottoman Diyarbekir, 1870–1915''. Brill. p. 88. {{ISBN\|978-90-04-22518-3}}</ref>

			The administrative center was the town of ] which was called Bagesh, in old Armenian sources.<ref>Britannica: </ref>
	Bitlis had a significant population of ethnic ] prior to 1915. During the ] of 1915-1917, Turks and Kurds led by ] massacred some 15,000 Armenians until ]n troops, who were subsequently viewed as liberators by the survivors, moved into the area.<ref>Source Records of the Great War, Vol. IV, ed. Charles F. Horne, National Alumni 1923</ref>

			In 1927 the office of the ] was created, which governed with martial law.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book\|last=Jongerden\|first=Joost\|title=The Settlement Issue in Turkey and the Kurds: An Analysis of Spatical Policies, Modernity and War\|url=https://archive.org/details/settlementissuet00jong_169\|url-access=limited\|date=2007-01-01\|publisher=BRILL\|isbn=978-90-04-15557-2\|pages=\|language=en}}</ref> The Bitlis province was included in the first ] (''Umumi Müfettişlik,'' UM) over which the Inspector General ruled. The UM span over the provinces of ], ], ], ], Bitlis, ], ] and ].<ref>{{Cite book\|last=Bayir\|first=Derya\|title=Minorities and Nationalism in Turkish Law\|date=2016-04-22\|publisher=Routledge\|isbn=978-1-317-09579-8\|pages=139\|language=en}}</ref> The Inspectorate General was dissolved in 1952 during the Government of the ].<ref>{{Cite book\|last1=Fleet\|first1=Kate\|title=The Cambridge History of Turkey\|last2=Kunt\|first2=I. Metin\|last3=Kasaba\|first3=Reşat\|last4=Faroqhi\|first4=Suraiya\|date=2008-04-17\|publisher=Cambridge University Press\|isbn=978-0-521-62096-3\|pages=343\|language=en}}</ref>

			== Tourism ==
			The main places with tourism potential in Bitlis are ], ], Ahlat Museum, ], Güroymak Hot Springs and ].

	==Districts==		==Districts==
			]
	Bitlis province is divided into 7 ] (capital district in '''bold'''):
			Bitlis Province is divided into 7 ] (the capital district is in '''bold'''):
	*]
			* ]
	*]
			* ]
	*''']'''
			* ''']'''
	*]
			* ]
	*]
			* ]
	*]
			* ]
	*]
			* ]
			{{clear left}}

			== Geology and geomorphology ==
			The main lakes in Bitlis province are ], ], ], ] and ].<ref>{{cite web \|title=Bitlis'te yıldızların göllerle bütünleşmesi doğaseverleri mest ediyor\|url=https://www.trthaber.com/foto-galeri/bitliste-yildizlarin-gollerle-butunlesmesi-dogaseverleri-mest-ediyor/60598/sayfa-1.html\|website=trthaber.com\|date=3 November 2023 \|publisher=TRT Haber\|page=1}}</ref>

			==Economy==

			As of 1920, the province was producing small amounts of ], ], ], and ]. Even smaller amounts of ] and ] were found in the areas of Sairt and Khairwan. ] made up the largest mineral industry in the province, so much that it was exported to surrounding provinces. The salt was produced in pans, using ], and taking 8 to 10 days to mature. The technique and trade was mainly run by local ].<ref name=Prothero71>{{cite book\|last=Prothero\|first=W.G.\|title=Armenia and Kurdistan\|year=1920\|publisher=H.M. Stationery Office\|location=London\|page=71\|url=http://www.wdl.org/en/item/11768/view/1/71/}}</ref>

			==Attractions==
			* ]
			* ]

	==References==		==References==
			{{Reflist}}
	<div class="references-small">
	<references />
	</div>

	== External links ==		== External links ==
			{{Commons category\|Bitlis Province}}
	*		*
	*		*
	*		*

	{{Districts of Turkey\|provname=Bitlis}}		{{Districts of Turkey\|provname=Bitlis}}
			{{Provinces of Turkey}}
			{{Authority control}}
			{{coord\|38\|23\|13\|N\|42\|07\|00\|E\|region:TR-13_type:adm1st\|display=title}}

			]
	{{coor title dms\|38\|31\|33\|N\|42\|23\|16\|E\|region:TR-13_type:adm1st}}
			]

	]


	{{EAnatolia-geo-stub}}

	]
	]
	]
	]
	]
	]
	]
	]
	]
	]
	]
	]
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	]
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	]
	]

Latest revision as of 14:49, 8 November 2024

Province of Turkey Not to be confused with Bitlis Vilayet. Province in Turkey

Bitlis Province Bitlis ili
Province
View of the Tombstones of Ahlat
Location of the province within Turkey
Country	Turkey
Seat	Bitlis
Government
• Governor	Erol Karaömeroğlu
Area	8,294 km (3,202 sq mi)
Population	353,988
• Density	43/km (110/sq mi)
Time zone	UTC+3 (TRT)
Area code	0434
Website	www.bitlis.gov.tr

Bitlis Province (Turkish: Bitlis ili; Armenian: Բաղեշի մարզ, romanized: Bagheshi marz; Kurdish: Parêzgeha Bidlîsê) is a province of eastern Turkey, located to the west of Lake Van. It takes its name from the central city, Bitlis. Its area is 8,294 km, and its population is 353,988 (2022). The province is considered part of Western Armenia by Armenians. The province is considered part of Turkish Kurdistan and has a Kurdish majority. The current Governor of the province is Erol Karaömeroğlu.

Demographics

Historical population
Year	Pop.	±% p.a.
1927	90,631	—
1940	68,825	−2.09%
1950	88,634	+2.56%
1960	128,966	+3.82%
1970	185,473	+3.70%
1980	257,908	+3.35%
1990	330,115	+2.50%
2000	388,678	+1.65%
2010	328,767	−1.66%
2020	350,994	+0.66%
Source:Turkstat

History

The province was part of Moxoene of the Kingdom of Armenia. Before the Armenian genocide, the area was part of the Six Armenian Vilayets.

The administrative center was the town of Bitlis which was called Bagesh, in old Armenian sources.

In 1927 the office of the Inspector General was created, which governed with martial law. The Bitlis province was included in the first Inspectorate General (Umumi Müfettişlik, UM) over which the Inspector General ruled. The UM span over the provinces of Hakkâri, Siirt, Van, Mardin, Bitlis, Sanlıurfa, Elaziğ and Diyarbakır. The Inspectorate General was dissolved in 1952 during the Government of the Democrat Party.

Tourism

The main places with tourism potential in Bitlis are Lake Nemrut, Ahlat Seljuk Cemetery, Ahlat Museum, Mount Süphan, Güroymak Hot Springs and Lake Nazik.

Districts

Bitlis Province is divided into 7 districts (the capital district is in bold):

Geology and geomorphology

The main lakes in Bitlis province are Lake Sodalı, Lake Nemrut, Lake Aygır, Lake Batmış and Lake Nazik.

Economy

As of 1920, the province was producing small amounts of iron, copper, lead, and sulphur. Even smaller amounts of gold and silver were found in the areas of Sairt and Khairwan. Salt made up the largest mineral industry in the province, so much that it was exported to surrounding provinces. The salt was produced in pans, using evaporation, and taking 8 to 10 days to mature. The technique and trade was mainly run by local Kurds.

Attractions

References

^ "Address-based population registration system (ADNKS) results dated 31 December 2022, Favorite Reports" (XLS). TÜİK. Retrieved 19 September 2023.
Hakobyan, Tadevos (1987). Պատմական Հայաստանի քաղաքները [Cities of historic Armenia] (in Armenian). Yerevan: "Hayastan" Publishing. p. 98.
"Li Bidlîsê qedexeya derketina derve". Rûadw (in Kurdish). 19 March 2019. Retrieved 27 April 2020.
"İl ve İlçe Yüz ölçümleri". General Directorate of Mapping. Retrieved 19 September 2023.
Myhill, John (2006). Language, Religion and National Identity in Europe and the Middle East: A historical study. Amsterdam: J. Benjamins. p. 32. ISBN 978-90-272-9351-0.
Watts, Nicole F. (2010). Activists in Office: Kurdish Politics and Protest in Turkey (Studies in Modernity and National Identity). Seattle: University of Washington Press. p. 167. ISBN 978-0-295-99050-7.
"Kurds, Kurdistān". Encyclopaedia of Islam (2 ed.). BRILL. 2002. ISBN 978-90-04-16121-4.
"Yöneticilerimiz". Bitlis Valiliği. Retrieved 24 October 2023.
Genel Nüfus Sayımları
Turkstat
"The Results of Address Based Population Registration System, 2020". Turkish Statistical Institute. Archived from the original on 2021-10-28. Retrieved 7 December 2021.
Discoveries Among the Ruins of Nineveh and Babylon - Page 358 by Sir Austen Henry Layard, Austin Henry Layard
İsmail Soysal, Türkiye'nin Siyasal Andlaşmaları, I. Cilt (1920-1945), Türk Tarih Kurumu, 1983, p. 14.
Verheij, Jelle (2012). Jongerden, Joost; Verheij, Jelle (eds.). Social Relations in Ottoman Diyarbekir, 1870–1915. Brill. p. 88. ISBN 978-90-04-22518-3
Britannica: Bitlis
Jongerden, Joost (2007-01-01). The Settlement Issue in Turkey and the Kurds: An Analysis of Spatical Policies, Modernity and War. BRILL. pp. 53. ISBN 978-90-04-15557-2.
Bayir, Derya (2016-04-22). Minorities and Nationalism in Turkish Law. Routledge. p. 139. ISBN 978-1-317-09579-8.
Fleet, Kate; Kunt, I. Metin; Kasaba, Reşat; Faroqhi, Suraiya (2008-04-17). The Cambridge History of Turkey. Cambridge University Press. p. 343. ISBN 978-0-521-62096-3.
"Bitlis'te yıldızların göllerle bütünleşmesi doğaseverleri mest ediyor". trthaber.com. TRT Haber. 3 November 2023. p. 1.
Prothero, W.G. (1920). Armenia and Kurdistan. London: H.M. Stationery Office. p. 71.

External links

Bitlis Province of Turkey

Districts

List of provinces by region
Istanbul	Istanbul
West Marmara	Balıkesir Çanakkale Edirne Kırklareli Tekirdağ
Aegean	Afyonkarahisar Aydın Denizli İzmir Kütahya Manisa Muğla Uşak
East Marmara	Bilecik Bolu Bursa Düzce Eskişehir Kocaeli Sakarya Yalova
West Anatolia	Ankara Karaman Konya
Mediterranean	Adana Antalya Burdur Hatay Isparta Kahramanmaraş Mersin Osmaniye
Central Anatolia	Aksaray Kayseri Kırıkkale Kırşehir Nevşehir Niğde Sivas Yozgat
West Black Sea	Amasya Bartın Çankırı Çorum Karabük Kastamonu Samsun Sinop Tokat Zonguldak
East Black Sea	Artvin Giresun Gümüşhane Ordu Rize Trabzon
Northeast Anatolia	Ağrı Ardahan Bayburt Erzincan Erzurum Iğdır Kars
Central East Anatolia	Bingöl Bitlis Elazığ Hakkâri Malatya Muş Tunceli Van
Southeast Anatolia	Adıyaman Batman Diyarbakır Gaziantep Kilis Mardin Siirt Şanlıurfa Şırnak

Metropolitan municipalities are bolded.

v t e Provinces of Turkey
Adana Adıyaman Afyonkarahisar Ağrı Aksaray Amasya Ankara Antalya Ardahan Artvin Aydın Balıkesir Bartın Batman Bayburt Bilecik Bingöl Bitlis Bolu Burdur Bursa Çanakkale Çankırı Çorum Denizli Diyarbakır Düzce Edirne Elazığ Erzincan Erzurum Eskişehir Gaziantep Giresun Gümüşhane Hakkâri Hatay Iğdır Isparta İstanbul İzmir Kahramanmaraş Karabük Karaman Kars Kastamonu Kayseri Kilis Kırıkkale Kırklareli Kırşehir Kocaeli Konya Kütahya Malatya Manisa Mardin Mersin Muğla Muş Nevşehir Niğde Ordu Osmaniye Rize Sakarya Samsun Siirt Sinop Sivas Şanlıurfa Şırnak Tekirdağ Tokat Trabzon Tunceli Uşak Van Yalova Yozgat Zonguldak
Metropolitan municipalities are bolded.

Provinces of Turkey

Metropolitan municipalities are bolded.

38°23′13″N 42°07′00″E / 38.38694°N 42.11667°E / 38.38694; 42.11667

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