Giorgio Orsini: Difference between revisions

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	{{Infobox Person
	\| name = Giorgio Orsini
	\| image = Juraj_Dalmatinac_cropped.jpg
	\| image_size = 200px
	\| caption = A modern ] in ], where Orsini is introduced as 'Juraj Dalmatinac'
	\| birth_date = circa ]
	\| birth_place = ], ] (now ], ])
	\| death_date = ]/]
	\| death_place = ], ] (now ], ])
	\| occupation = ], ]
	\| spouse = }}

	'''Giorgio Orsini''' usually called '''Giorgio da Sebenico'''<ref name="Scotti">''Quaderni Giuliani di Storia ''Anno XXIII (n°1 gennaio-giugno 2002) p. 21-35; article "La letteratura italiana in Dalmazia: una storia falsificata" by Giacomo Scotti </ref><ref name="Britannica1911">Encyclopædia Britannica (1911) articles about </ref><ref name="Artnet"> </ref> (Latin: '''Georgius Mathaei Dalmaticus'''; c. ] – ]), was a medieval sculptor and architect, who worked mainly at ] in Dalmatia (now ], ]). He was born in the ]n city of ] (today ], ]), which was then ruled by the ], and died in ].

	==Life and work==
	Very good information about Orsini's origins and family name (along with a list of valid historic documents used to support it) can be found in a ninetheen century book written by the British historian Thomas Graham Jackson <ref>''Dalmatia, the Quarnero and Istria, with Cettigne in Montenegro and the Island of Grado'' by Sir Thomas Graham Jackson, published in 1887 by Clarendon press, Page 389:

	<blockquote>Giorgio seems to have been born at Zara. His father, Matteo, was a scion of the ancient and princely Roman house of Orsini; but the branch to which he belonged had sunk in the world, and been reduced to support itself by manual arts inconsistent with the idea of nobility as then understood, and the family name had been allowed to fall into disuse His family descent from the Orsini was formally recognized in 1540 in the person of his grandson Giacomo, an advocate that Giorgio was not a native of Sebenico is proved by the description of him in several 'Atti' of 1441-1450; e.g. ''Magister Giorgius lapicida quondam Matthaei di Jadra, habitator Venetiarum ad praesens existens Sibenic''</blockquote></ref>.
	Orsini was educated (as architect) in ] <ref name="Artnet"/><ref name="GE-YLZ">{{GE-YLZ\|4\|Juraj Dalmatinac}}</ref>, in the workshop of Giovanni and Bartolomeo Buon. He helped them sculpt the decorations on the Porta della Carta of the ].<ref name="GE-YLZ">{{GE-YLZ\|4\|Juraj Dalmatinac}}</ref> He married to Elisabetta da Monte, who brought him as her dowry some house property in Venice. After his engagement at Sebenico in 1441 he made that city his domicile; in Sebenico he invested his savings in concert with two partners in a grocery business and in a merchant shop. Finally, here he built himself a house and settled down close to the great church (Duomo) on which his fame as an architect principally rests. His opus represents the golden age of Dalmatian medieval art <ref name="Artnet"/> . His most beautiful achievement is probably the ] in Sebenico (today ]) - often referenced in Italian as Il Duomo di Sebenico, for which he was a chief architect from 1441 to 1473.<ref name="GE-YLZ" /> The entire building was built solely of ] elements (with no wood or bricks used in the structure). The task before him was to build the choir, of which foundations had not been laid, to raise and roof the nave which was only completed to the top of the aisle vaults, and to construct some covering by a lantern and cupola or otherwise over the crossing. It should be noted that Giorgio did not finish the work he started on the Duomo. From ] ] the work was continued by another architect - Nicolo di Giovanni da Firenze. It is to Nicolo that the construction of the stone roof is to be attributed. Especially interesting are 72 portraits of his fellow-citizens carved in stone, surprisingly realistic for the period {{Facts\|date=February 2007}}. They reflect in a very direct sense the character of urban life of that time.
	In ] (today ]) he built several ]s and in 1448 he carved a stone ] in Spalato ].<ref name="GE-YLZ" /> In ] (today ]) he helped repair the Duke's palace and helped build the Minčeta fortress. He also made an urban plan for ].<ref name="GE-YLZ" /> In Italy, he worked in ] where he built the ] and the portal of San Francesco's (St. Francis) Church.<ref name="GE-YLZ" />
	His carvings and sculptures belong to the late ] style, but his architecture is early ] in style.<ref name="GE-YLZ" />

	]

	==Nationality==
	In Croatia, Giorgio Orsini is much celebrated as the Croat artist ''Juraj Dalmatinac''. This name is a recent translation of ''Georgius Dalmaticus'' <ref name="Scotti"/><ref name="Knez"> La Voce del Popolo 21/07/2003; ''Dalmazia, una storia »falsata«''; by Kristjan Knez (xoomer.alice.it/histria/storiaecultura/testiedocumenti/articoligiornali/dalmazia.htm)
	</ref><ref>'']'', ], ]; ; by Paolo Rumiz</ref><ref>''La Voce del Popolo''; "L'Adriatico orientale e la sterile ricerca della nazionalità delle persone"; by Kristjan Knez (xoomer.alice.it/histria/storiaecultura/testiedocumenti/articoligiornali/artadriatico.htm)</ref><ref>'']'', ], ]: ; by Gian Antonio Stella </ref>. Some Croatian authors have furthermore claimed that "Orsini" was never used by the artist and it was adopted by his son, shortly after the death of his father, so that he was a Croat with a Croat name. <ref name="Fisković">{{cite book \|last=Fisković \|first=Cvito \|coauthors=Nenad Gattin \|title=Juraj Dalmatinac \|year=1963 \|publisher=Zora \|location=Zagreb \|language=Croatian \|pages=73}}</ref><ref name="Ivančević">{{cite book \|last=Ivančević \|first=Radovan \|title=Šibenska katedrala \|language=Croatian}}</ref>.

	== References ==
	{{reflist}}

	==External links==
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Latest revision as of 09:10, 12 November 2007

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