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#REDIRECT ] |
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{{merge|Italianization|Talk:Italianization#Merger proposal|date=November 2007}} |
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{{Fascism}} |
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], Italianized as ''Vipiteno''.]] |
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The '''fascist Italianization''' is the process by which, between 1924 and 1945, the ] government of ] forced foreign populations living in ] to assume ] and language. |
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{{Redirect category shell|1= |
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This program of Italianization aimed to adsorb the linguistic and dialectal minorities living in Italy. The groups with a specific national identity were ] and ] in ] and ] and ] around ] (Bozen) and in "]". Under the program the foreign groups were forced to attend ] schools and use only the Italian language in public (including churches). The minorities institutions were closed, foreign ], such as several surnames, were translated. Immigration of Italians from other ] of Italy was encouraged in Bolzano.<br /> |
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{{R to section}} |
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On the other side Italians names ] or ] under the ], were restored in the original form.<ref>Regio decreto legge 10 Gennaio 1926, n. 17: Restituzione in forma italiana dei cognomi delle famiglie della provincia di Trento</ref> |
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}} |
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== Venezia Giulia and Dalmatia == |
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With regard to ] and ], some Slovenians and Croatians willingly accepted Italianization as a compromise required in order to gain full status as Italian citizens, and favour upward social mobility; most, however, resisted, as far as possible, these policies, sometimes with the support of local Catholic clergy. |
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A Slovenian choirmaster ], who led several ] church ]s and thus resisted persecution of Slovenians in the area around ], was arrested on ] ], tortured and forced to drink ] and ]. |
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== Dodencanese == |
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The policy affected also the inhabitants of ], conquered by Italy in ]. Although the islands were overwhelmingly ]-speaking, punctuated only by a relatively small ]-speaking minority and even smaller ]-speaking ]ish minority (with few Italian speakers), schools were required to teach in Italian, and the ] religion of most of the inhabitants was strongly discouraged. These measures caused a good deal of Greek emigration from the islands, replaced by a moderate amount of Italian immigration. |
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== ] (Bolzano) == |
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In ] ] and Mussolini reached an agreement on the status of Germans living in the ], in the ]: they could emigrate to ] and in the ]'s territory of ] or stay in Italy and accept their complete Italianization. As a consequence of this "]," South Tyrolean society was deeply riven. Those who wanted to stay ("Dableiber"), were condemned as traitors, those who left ("Optanten") were defamed as ]. Because of the outbreak of the ], this agreement was never fully accomplished. |
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== Italianization of the language == |
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In the 1930s a program of Italianization of the language was started. Foreign words were forbidden and new Italian words were created (such "calcio" instead of "football", or "consociazione" instead of "club").<br /> |
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In a minor extent, the program involved the grammar. "Lei", the singular formal form of "you" in Italian (informal : tu), was changed into "voi" (you, plural). |
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==See also== |
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== References == |
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<references/> |
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