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{{Short description|American woman convicted of second degree murder}}
'''Susan Polk''' (born '''Susan Mae Bolling''' in ]) is an ] woman convicted in June 2006 of ] in connection with the 2002 death of her husband, Dr. Frank "Felix" Polk.<ref name="Conviction">McKinley, Jesse. (] ]) . '']''. Retrieved 30-01-08.</ref><ref name="CBS5">CBS 5, San Francisco. (] ]) cbs5.com. Retrieved 30-01-08.</ref> Polk's trial, described by one ] correspondent as "circus-like", drew extensive media attention with its sensationalist elements.<ref name="Circus">AP. (] ]) CBS News. Retrieved 30-01-08.</ref><ref name="Lee">Lee, Henry K. (] ]). . '']''. Retrieved 31-01-08.</ref> '''Susan Polk''' (born '''Susan Mae Bolling''' in 1957) is an American woman convicted in June 2006 of ] for the 2002 death of her husband Dr. Frank "Felix" Polk.<ref name="Conviction">McKinley, Jesse. (June 17, 2006) . '']''. Retrieved 30-01-08.</ref><ref name="CBS5">CBS 5, San Francisco. (June 16, 2006) {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071208062547/http://cbs5.com/local/susan.polk.2.443987.html |date=2007-12-08 }} cbs5.com. Retrieved 30-01-08.</ref> Polk's trial, described by one correspondent as "circus-like", drew extensive media attention with its sensationalist elements.<ref name="Circus">AP. (June 16, 2006) CBS News. Retrieved 30-01-08.</ref><ref name="Lee">Lee, Henry K. (February 23, 2007). . '']''. Retrieved 31-01-08.</ref>

Her case is featured on the show '']'', and the episode is titled "Deadly Desire".


==Background== ==Background==
⚫ Susan Polk met Dr. Polk, a psychotherapist, in 1972 when administrators at her high school recommended she see him to treat her panic attacks.<ref name="Circus"/><ref name="Pogash">Pogash, Carol. (September 18, 2 ''The New York Times''. Retrieved 30-01-08.</ref> Susan Polk later made the "undisputed" claim that Dr. Polk first had sex with her when she was 16 and still under his treatment, a violation of professional ethics in the relationship between therapist and patient, which is now illegal in California.<ref name="Pogash"/><ref name="Pogash2">Pogash, Carol. (June 15, 2003) {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060811194637/http://www.pogash.com/magazine.html |date=2006-08-11 }}. Originally published in ''Los Angeles Times Sunday Magazine''. Hosted at pogash.com. Retrieved 31-01-08.</ref> At the time, Dr. Polk had a wife and two children,<ref name="Pogash"/> but the couple divorced in 1982.<ref name="Pogash2"/>


⚫ After graduating from high school, Polk attended Mills College and San Francisco State University, graduating magna cum laude. In 1982, she married Dr. Polk, who was then an instructor at the California Graduate School of Family Psychology and an occasional consultant as well as a private practitioner.<ref name="Pogash2"/> At the time of their wedding, Polk was age 24 and her husband age 50.<ref name="court">Sweetingham, Lisa. (February 23, 2007) {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080125112144/http://www.courttv.com/trials/polk/022307_sentencing_ctv.html |date=2008-01-25 }} Court TV. Retrieved 31-01-08.</ref> During their marriage, the couple had three sons.<ref name="Crier">Tatko-Peterson, Ann. (March 9, 2007) . ''Oakland Tribune''. Hosted at bnet.com. Retrieved 31-01-08.</ref> In 2001, Susan Polk filed for divorce, a complicated and contentious proceeding during which each contacted police with allegations of domestic violence. When asked by police whether Ms. Polk had made threats or been violent, Mr. Polk said she hadn't.<ref name="Conviction"/><ref name="Pogash2"/><ref name="Sweet">Sweetingham, Lisa. (June 16, 2006) . CNN. Retrieved 31-01-08.</ref> In 2002, while Susan was living in Montana, Dr. Polk was able to petition the courts, ex parte, without providing Ms. Polk any form of official notice in advance. The courts then granted Dr. Polk sole custody of the couple's minor son Gabriel Polk and sharply reduced Susan's alimony. Dr. Polk also received sole possession of their house.<ref name="Dateline">Morrison, Keith. (May 19, 2007) ''Dateline NBC'' transcript. Hosted by msnbc.com. Retrieved 30-01-08.</ref>
⚫ Polk met Dr. Polk, a psychotherapist, in 1972 when administrators at her high school recommended she see him to treat her panic attacks.<ref name="Circus"/><ref name="Pogash">Pogash, Carol. (] ]) '']''. Retrieved 30-01-08.</ref> Polk later claimed that Dr. Polk first had sex with her when she was 16 and still under his treatment, a taboo relationship between therapist and patient that is now illegal in California.<ref name="Pogash"/><ref name="Pogash2">Pogash, Carol. (] ]) . Originally published in ''] Sunday Magazine''. Hosted at pogash.com. Retrieved 31-01-08.</ref> At the time, Dr. Polk had a wife and two children,<ref name="Pogash"/> though the couple subsequently divorced in 1982.<ref name="Pogash2"/>


On Wednesday, October 9, Polk went to the home to retrieve her belongings and complete her dental procedure by having a permanent crown put on her tooth. On October 11, the eldest son Adam came home from UCLA to pick up his dog. On Sunday, October 13, Dr. Polk, Adam, and the youngest son Gabriel drove Adam and the dog back to UCLA. Dr. Polk and Gabriel returned home at around 9:30 pm. Dr. Polk, then 70, was found dead the next day, Monday, October 14, 2002.<ref name="Dateline"/>
⚫ After graduating high school, Polk attended ] and ] before, in 1982, marrying Dr. Polk, who was then an instructor at the ] and an occasional consultant as well as a private practitioner.<ref name="Pogash2"/> At the time of their wedding, Polk was 24 and her husband 40.<ref name="court">Sweetingham, Lisa. (] ]) Court TV. Retrieved 31-01-08.</ref> During their marriage, the couple had three sons.<ref name="Crier">Tatko-Peterson, Ann. (] ]) . '']''. Hosted at bnet.com. Retrieved 31-01-08.</ref> In 2001, Polk filed for divorce, a complicated and contentious proceeding during which each contacted police with allegations of domestic violence.<ref name="Sweet">Sweetingham, Lisa. (] ]) . CNN. Retrieved 31-01-08.</ref><ref name="Conviction"/><ref name="Pogash2"/> In 2002, the courts granted Dr. Polk custody of the couple's minor son, Gabriel Polk, granted the family home to Dr. Polk and reduced Polk's alimony.<ref name="Dateline">Morrison, Keith. (] ]) '']'' transcript. Hosted by msnbc.com. Retrieved 30-01-08.</ref> Police records indicate that Dr. Polk reported threats from his wife.<ref name="Pogash"/><ref name="Dateline"/>


==The trial==
On October 13, Polk went to the home to retrieve her belongings; the following day, Dr. Polk, then 70, was found dead.<ref name="Dateline"/> Dr. Polk had 27 wounds on his body, including 15 stab wounds and evidence of blunt force trauma.<ref name="Dateline"/> Polk, too, was cut and scratched and had "red discoloration around her eyes, bite marks on the hand and a red welt on her shoulder".<ref name="Dateline"/><ref name="Sweet"/>
At trial, prosecutors sought a conviction of murder in the first degree, contending that Susan Polk planned the murder of her multimillionaire husband for money.<ref name="Circus"/> Susan Polk claimed self-defense, asserting that, after years of abuse, beginning with his therapy sessions, in which Dr. Polk performed "guided visualizations" (i.e., hypnosis), he brandished a kitchen knife against her.<ref name="Circus"/><ref name="Pogash2"/> She stated that she took control of the weapon and stabbed him instead.<ref name="Pogash"/> As an expert witness for the defense, ] Dr. John Cooper testified that Felix Polk's death was caused by heart disease and that his stab wounds were not life-threatening and were evidence that Susan Polk delivered them in self-defense.<ref>Dearen, Jason. (May 5, 2006) "Oakland Tribune". Retrieved 18/03/08.</ref><ref name="cooper">Court TV News. {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060712234703/http://www.courttv.com/trials/polk/docs/cooper.html?page=1 |date=2006-07-12 }} courttv.com. Retrieved 18/03/08.</ref> Dr. Cooper failed to appear in court the following day to continue being cross-examined and to present documents he claimed to have received from Susan Polk, sending a written explanation to the judge.<ref name="cooper"/> He returned with the letters a week later to resume testimony.<ref>Dearen, Jeff. (May 16, 2006) ''Oakland Tribune''. Retrieved 17/05/08.</ref> Prosecuting attorneys dismissed Susan Polk's claim, arguing that she had no defensive wounds from her husband's alleged attack, which was disputed by expert testimony for the defense from Dr. Cooper.<ref name="Circus"/>


The court was forced to declare a mistrial when ] of Susan Polk's then-counsel ] was murdered in an unrelated incident. Susan fired her attorneys to represent herself.<ref name="Sweet"/><ref name="Dateline"/> She supported her defense with allegations of a history of marital and professional misconduct, including claims that Dr. Felix Polk had drugged and raped her when she was a teenager, brainwashed the couple's children, and threatened to kill her if she tried to leave him.<ref name="Sweet"/> Susan Polk repeatedly requested a second mistrial, lodging accusations of conspiracy against the prosecutor and the judge.<ref name="Dateline"/>


Each of Susan and Felix's children testified at the trial. The youngest son, Gabriel, who had found the body, testified that his mother had speculated about means of killing her husband in the weeks before his father's death.<ref name="Pogash"/> The oldest son, Adam, also testified against his mother, receiving widespread media coverage when he referred to her on the stand as "cuckoo for Cocoa Puffs".<ref name="MSNBCAP">Associated Press. (June 16, 2006). . NBC News. Retrieved 31-01-08.</ref> The middle son, Eli, testified on Susan's behalf, that Felix was the aggressor, controller, manipulator and that he was responsible overall.<ref name="Sweet"/>


Jurors, obeying the judge's jury instruction order, disagreed that the crime was premeditated, finding her guilty of second degree murder.<ref name="Circus"/> Susan Polk was sentenced to prison for a term of 16 years to life. Her appeal was denied.<ref name="Dateline"/><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sfgate.com/crime/article/Susan-Polk-loses-appeal-in-husband-s-slaying-2376948.php|title=Susan Polk loses appeal in husband's slaying|date=2011-03-30}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://caselaw.lp.findlaw.com/data2/californiastatecases/A117633.PDF|title=FindLaw's California Court of Appeal case and opinions.|website=Findlaw}}</ref> Susan Polk was transferred to the California Institution for Women (CIW), a dorm-like prison, in Corona, California in December 2012, and she was eligible for parole in 2018. On May 29, 2019, Polk was removed from her parole hearing for being uncooperative, and she was denied parole. Polk will be eligible again in May 2029.


==Further reading==
*{{cite book | last = Crier | first = Catherine | title = Final Analysis: The Untold Story of the Susan Polk Murder Case | publisher = William Morrow | date = February 20, 2007 | url = https://archive.org/details/finalanalysisunt00cath | isbn = 978-0-06-113452-4 }}
*{{cite book | last = Pogash | first = Carol | title = Seduced by Madness: The True Story of the Susan Polk Murder Case | publisher = William Morrow | date = May 29, 2007 | url = https://archive.org/details/seducedbymadness00poga | isbn = 978-0-06-114770-8 | access-date = 2007-05-21 }}
*{{cite book | last = Smith | first = Carlton | title = Mind Games: The True Story of a Psychologist, His Wife, and a Brutal Murder | publisher = St. Martin's True Crime | date = July 31, 2007 | url = https://www.amazon.com/Mind-Games-Psychologist-Brutal-Murder-ebook/dp/B003L1ZZS2/ref=sr_1_fkmrnull_1?keywords=Mind+Games%3A+The+True+Story+of+a+Psychologist%2C+His+Wife%2C+and+a+Brutal+Murder&qid=1553463811&s=digital-text&sr=1-1-fkmrnull | isbn = 978-0-312-93906-9}}


==References== ==References==
{{reflist}} {{Reflist}}

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Latest revision as of 20:19, 29 August 2024

American woman convicted of second degree murder

Susan Polk (born Susan Mae Bolling in 1957) is an American woman convicted in June 2006 of second degree (unpremeditated) murder for the 2002 death of her husband Dr. Frank "Felix" Polk. Polk's trial, described by one correspondent as "circus-like", drew extensive media attention with its sensationalist elements.

Her case is featured on the show Deadly Sins, and the episode is titled "Deadly Desire".

Background

Susan Polk met Dr. Polk, a psychotherapist, in 1972 when administrators at her high school recommended she see him to treat her panic attacks. Susan Polk later made the "undisputed" claim that Dr. Polk first had sex with her when she was 16 and still under his treatment, a violation of professional ethics in the relationship between therapist and patient, which is now illegal in California. At the time, Dr. Polk had a wife and two children, but the couple divorced in 1982.

After graduating from high school, Polk attended Mills College and San Francisco State University, graduating magna cum laude. In 1982, she married Dr. Polk, who was then an instructor at the California Graduate School of Family Psychology and an occasional consultant as well as a private practitioner. At the time of their wedding, Polk was age 24 and her husband age 50. During their marriage, the couple had three sons. In 2001, Susan Polk filed for divorce, a complicated and contentious proceeding during which each contacted police with allegations of domestic violence. When asked by police whether Ms. Polk had made threats or been violent, Mr. Polk said she hadn't. In 2002, while Susan was living in Montana, Dr. Polk was able to petition the courts, ex parte, without providing Ms. Polk any form of official notice in advance. The courts then granted Dr. Polk sole custody of the couple's minor son Gabriel Polk and sharply reduced Susan's alimony. Dr. Polk also received sole possession of their house.

On Wednesday, October 9, Polk went to the home to retrieve her belongings and complete her dental procedure by having a permanent crown put on her tooth. On October 11, the eldest son Adam came home from UCLA to pick up his dog. On Sunday, October 13, Dr. Polk, Adam, and the youngest son Gabriel drove Adam and the dog back to UCLA. Dr. Polk and Gabriel returned home at around 9:30 pm. Dr. Polk, then 70, was found dead the next day, Monday, October 14, 2002.

The trial

At trial, prosecutors sought a conviction of murder in the first degree, contending that Susan Polk planned the murder of her multimillionaire husband for money. Susan Polk claimed self-defense, asserting that, after years of abuse, beginning with his therapy sessions, in which Dr. Polk performed "guided visualizations" (i.e., hypnosis), he brandished a kitchen knife against her. She stated that she took control of the weapon and stabbed him instead. As an expert witness for the defense, forensic pathologist Dr. John Cooper testified that Felix Polk's death was caused by heart disease and that his stab wounds were not life-threatening and were evidence that Susan Polk delivered them in self-defense. Dr. Cooper failed to appear in court the following day to continue being cross-examined and to present documents he claimed to have received from Susan Polk, sending a written explanation to the judge. He returned with the letters a week later to resume testimony. Prosecuting attorneys dismissed Susan Polk's claim, arguing that she had no defensive wounds from her husband's alleged attack, which was disputed by expert testimony for the defense from Dr. Cooper.

The court was forced to declare a mistrial when the wife of Susan Polk's then-counsel Daniel Horowitz was murdered in an unrelated incident. Susan fired her attorneys to represent herself. She supported her defense with allegations of a history of marital and professional misconduct, including claims that Dr. Felix Polk had drugged and raped her when she was a teenager, brainwashed the couple's children, and threatened to kill her if she tried to leave him. Susan Polk repeatedly requested a second mistrial, lodging accusations of conspiracy against the prosecutor and the judge.

Each of Susan and Felix's children testified at the trial. The youngest son, Gabriel, who had found the body, testified that his mother had speculated about means of killing her husband in the weeks before his father's death. The oldest son, Adam, also testified against his mother, receiving widespread media coverage when he referred to her on the stand as "cuckoo for Cocoa Puffs". The middle son, Eli, testified on Susan's behalf, that Felix was the aggressor, controller, manipulator and that he was responsible overall.

Jurors, obeying the judge's jury instruction order, disagreed that the crime was premeditated, finding her guilty of second degree murder. Susan Polk was sentenced to prison for a term of 16 years to life. Her appeal was denied. Susan Polk was transferred to the California Institution for Women (CIW), a dorm-like prison, in Corona, California in December 2012, and she was eligible for parole in 2018. On May 29, 2019, Polk was removed from her parole hearing for being uncooperative, and she was denied parole. Polk will be eligible again in May 2029.

Further reading

References

  1. ^ McKinley, Jesse. (June 17, 2006) Conviction concludes bizarre trial for murder. The New York Times. Retrieved 30-01-08.
  2. CBS 5, San Francisco. (June 16, 2006) Jurors find Susan Polk guilty Of 2nd Degree Murder Archived 2007-12-08 at the Wayback Machine cbs5.com. Retrieved 30-01-08.
  3. ^ AP. (June 16, 2006) Woman guilty of slaying husband-shrink CBS News. Retrieved 30-01-08.
  4. Lee, Henry K. (February 23, 2007). Murderer Susan Polk loses bid for new trial. San Francisco Chronicle. Retrieved 31-01-08.
  5. ^ Pogash, Carol. (September 18, 2 A California murder case raises troubling issues The New York Times. Retrieved 30-01-08.
  6. ^ Pogash, Carol. (June 15, 2003) No ordinary murder Archived 2006-08-11 at the Wayback Machine. Originally published in Los Angeles Times Sunday Magazine. Hosted at pogash.com. Retrieved 31-01-08.
  7. Sweetingham, Lisa. (February 23, 2007) Susan Polk, defiant at sentencing, gets maximum term for fatally stabbing her husband Archived 2008-01-25 at the Wayback Machine Court TV. Retrieved 31-01-08.
  8. Tatko-Peterson, Ann. (March 9, 2007) New Crier book dissects Polk murder case. Oakland Tribune. Hosted at bnet.com. Retrieved 31-01-08.
  9. ^ Sweetingham, Lisa. (June 16, 2006) Polk guilty of killing therapist husband. CNN. Retrieved 31-01-08.
  10. ^ Morrison, Keith. (May 19, 2007) A murder trial that grew more bizarre with every turn Dateline NBC transcript. Hosted by msnbc.com. Retrieved 30-01-08.
  11. Dearen, Jason. (May 5, 2006) Expert witness: Polk not guilty "Oakland Tribune". Retrieved 18/03/08.
  12. ^ Court TV News. Dr. John Cooper's letter to the judge Archived 2006-07-12 at the Wayback Machine courttv.com. Retrieved 18/03/08.
  13. Dearen, Jeff. (May 16, 2006) Missing pathologist returns Oakland Tribune. Retrieved 17/05/08.
  14. Associated Press. (June 16, 2006). Jury finds Polk guilty of 2nd-degree murder. NBC News. Retrieved 31-01-08.
  15. "Susan Polk loses appeal in husband's slaying". 2011-03-30.
  16. "FindLaw's California Court of Appeal case and opinions" (PDF). Findlaw.
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