Revision as of 23:29, 26 July 2005 editFriday (talk | contribs)19,776 edits RFC← Previous edit | Latest revision as of 00:21, 21 December 2024 edit undoLizardJr8 (talk | contribs)Extended confirmed users, Pending changes reviewers, Rollbackers97,266 edits →Semi-protected edit request on 20 December 2024 | ||
Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
{{talk header}} | |||
Earlier discussions are archived at ]. | |||
{{Controversial-issues}} | |||
{{not a forum}} | |||
{{WikiProject banner shell|class=C|1= | |||
{{WikiProject Spirituality|importance=low}} | |||
{{WikiProject Skepticism|importance=low}} | |||
}} | |||
{{Old AfD multi | date = September 30, 2005 | date2 = 29 October 2016 | result2 = '''keep''' | page2 = Otherkin (2nd nomination)}} | |||
{{Annual readership}} | |||
{{User:MiszaBot/config | |||
|archiveheader = {{talk archive navigation}} | |||
|maxarchivesize = 150K | |||
|counter = 10 | |||
|minthreadsleft = 2 | |||
|minthreadstoarchive = 1 | |||
|algo = old(240d) | |||
|archive = Talk:Otherkin/Archive %(counter)d | |||
}} | |||
== 90% of this article is absolutely wrong and describes those who abuse this term. Why is that? == | |||
==Otherkin vs. Furry confusion== | |||
Why does this entre article describe the definition of the ones who stole the term "Otherkin"? Why does it describe these people why say it means they are something completely else with their entire being and use it to justify their weird social behaviour etc? It's embarrassing and ruins the reputition of the ones who use this term the correct way. | |||
It is found that people confuse otherkin with not just furries as mere fans, but people heavily into furries. I was going with furry lifestylers, but now I believe that is not quite right. I'm hoping someone can come up with a more specific comparison. | |||
-Thodin | |||
Being an Otherkin means the same as being a Therian, just it's the umbrella term for those who feel a spiritual connection to a mythical non-existing creature. It's nothing else but that. | |||
:Don't pay too much attention to what PoE say, they aren't a reliable source. Do you have any sources that aren't blatantly anti-otherkin that associate them with fursuit sex? :) ] 22:17, 18 May 2005 (UTC) | |||
] (]) 12:17, 12 January 2022 (UTC) | |||
:Are there particular sources in the article that are invalid, or other sources that argue differently? The current sources seem to clearly define "otherkin" as a person identifying as non-human, similarly to this article; source #14, <u>Otherkin Timeline: The Recent History of Elfin, Fae, and Animal People, Abridged Edition</u>, even traces usage of the term through the 1990s. | |||
I have one that's taken down from the web, but I saved it on my hard drive. It's called "Dork Storm" and it lists the ten geekiest hobbies. It lists one as "furry/plushy" and it is the only geek-related hobby that the page says improves sex life. It also defined it as that. And yeah, as for PoE, I find good sites on that (strange sites but I like them). All their furry sites are yiff and vore. Oh and well the stuff from my own life is original research. ] 22:34, 22 May 2005 (UTC) | |||
:] (]) 18:32, 30 May 2022 (UTC) | |||
::Abridged Edition... Everyone on the internet should know that this is the polar opposite of a valid serious source. Abridged describes nothing but a parody. ] (]) 09:04, 21 February 2024 (UTC) | |||
::: Some examples that Merriam-Webster gives of abridgements are abridged dictionaries and abridged editions of classic novels. Those are not parodies. Abridged does not mean a parody, it means a shortened edition of the standard length book by the same title. An abridged edition of a book keeps only a selection of the most important parts of that book. The source that Avoyt mentioned, the <i>Otherkin Timeline</i>, was available in both an abridged edition and a standard length edition. Whether an abridged edition is a reliable source depends only on whether the standard length edition was a reliable source too, unless if a particular abridged edition happens to have cut out something important, in which case the standard length edition is relatively more reliable. ] (]) 03:15, 7 September 2024 (UTC) | |||
:I agree with Avoyt that we need more specific information on what you're asking for. ] (]) 11:41, 4 September 2022 (UTC) | |||
::I agree. I'm otherkin and this article is completely wrong. My identity as otherkin purely stems from not being comfortable looking like a human and wishing i could look like a different species. I find the appearance of the human body boring and uninteresting, and wish i could look more unique in a way clothing cannot fix. None of this has anything to do with religion or belief that I am literally part animal. It's all to do with the appearance I am comfortable with. Otherkin are one of the most discriminated groups in modern times because of articles like this. ] (]) 08:58, 6 June 2023 (UTC) | |||
:::] Your personal experiences with the term "Otherkin" are not relevant to the contents of an encyclopedic article about the subject. | |||
:::If there is to be an encyclopedia entry for "Otherkin" it should adhere to the most commonly recognized definition of the term as described in scholarly sources, as is the case for all of Misplaced Pages. | |||
:::If this definition shifts, the article should reflect that. However, this article is not "completely wrong" simply because it doesn't reflect your personal relationship to the term. ] (]) 05:24, 8 June 2023 (UTC) | |||
::::Yes. This is strongly reminding me of a debate I ran into between some tarot card users, with one approaching them from a viewpoint of the cards representing psychological archetypes along Carl Jung and Joseph Campbell lines and useful as a form of cold-reading psychoanalysis, with the other insisting they were a form of powerful occult magic and deeply religio-spiritual, with each claiming the other was a "false practitioner", in an argument that to anyone not involved in the topic seemed somewhere between pointless and absurd, especially to people who use them simply as a form of entertainment. The vast majority of source material on tarot cards says they are a) playing cards used in a variety of mostly European games, and b) a form of divination called cartomancy (i.e., a belief in them having magical/occult/spiritual power); our own article on the topic reflects this sourcing, and does not address archetypal psychology interpretations because there is virtually no reliable sourcing for this, no matter the fact that there are people who approach them this way.<p>If there is or becomes sourcing on otherkin/therianthropism as simply a form of body dysphoria with no spiritual or other subcultural aspects, then we can cover that. Maybe such sourcing already exists, but until editors have reliable sources on this in-hand, we can't do anything with the article content in such a direction, certainly not based on personal-experience/viewpoint anecdote. It is natural that various approaches to such things will exist among individuals, but we can't write based on their talk-page opinions. In short, if someone feels the article is "absolutely wrong", then they have to cough up reliable sources that their viewpoint actually deserves any ], and even then it is certainly not going to prove that those with a different view of this are "abus this term" and not using it "the correct way", only that there are multiple noteworthy views/approaches. See also ]: Misplaced Pages is not interested in any ] fringe activism viewpoint-pushing. PS: This condemnatory urge seems very closely related to the censorious and pseudo-moralizing nature of ; even though the otherkin thing is not centrally about sexuality, it certainly has that component to it, as does furry/plushy, the vampire scene, etc. Which is to say, the more judgemental someone gets about "the other side" on a matter like this, the faster and more firmly they should be ignored. PPS: There doesn't seem to be any reliable sourcing available anywhere to support the notion that "otherkin are one of the most discriminated groups in modern times", and crank, victim-posing claims like this tend to be rather offensive to people who are actually subjected to daily discrimination and worse because of their ethnicity, gender presentation, disability, etc. No one on the bus knows you feel like a wolf or elf. <span style="white-space:nowrap;font-family:'Trebuchet MS'"> — ] ] ] 😼 </span> 13:24, 3 February 2024 (UTC)</p> | |||
:::Not just non-physical ones, even. Your personal emotions about the topic don't dictate things such as this. If needed, I will try and scrounge around for the archived evidence. ] (]) 03:31, 29 May 2024 (UTC) | |||
:I feel that the beliefs section is the most wrong, but it could just stand out to me. I'm not sure though and I would like to learn some stuff so hit me with what you think i guess. ] (]) 00:37, 31 January 2024 (UTC) | |||
:'''''ONLY''''' a "spiritual connection?" Really, man? Have you seen the polls done on alt.horror.werewolves that have been archived? Absolutely ridiculous to claim such a thing. Spiritual AND psychological Otherkin have been around for years; it's disrespectful to narrow it down in such a way. ] (]) 03:25, 29 May 2024 (UTC) | |||
::Hi, @] . I don't personally identify with this community, but I do try to keep a close watch on this article since it's very prone to vandalism. I can hopefully try to help you out with understanding some of the situation, especially since you're offering to find some sources for claims. | |||
:::{{tq | Have you seen the polls done on alt.horror.werewolves that have been archived?}} | |||
::Misplaced Pages's sourcing standards require verifiability and reliable sources. Usenet polls aren't going to work, nor frankly are a lot of the sources already in this article (why are we citing RPG rule books, for example). You can find more on how Misplaced Pages handles sourcing at ] and information on usenet specifically here ]. This is why another user almost instantly reverted your otherkin wiki citaton; it fails our sourcing standards pretty badly and cannot be relied on. | |||
:::{{tq | Spiritual AND psychological Otherkin have been around for years; it's disrespectful to narrow it down in such a way.}} | |||
::My understanding from trying to keep vandals away from this page is that it's possible you may actually be able to cite this. There does seem to be some work discussing the religious and psychological elements of this group in peer-review, so it's entirely plausible the point you want to make has already been covered by sources Misplaced Pages accepts. | |||
::I'd caution you against thinking this article is going to end up going in a direction that everyone who identifies as Otherkin will accept, since a lot of it seems to be restricted to discussions on social media with only a tiny bit of bleed over into reliable sources. ] 06:47, 29 May 2024 (UTC) | |||
:::I've just gone through and tried to clean up this article to a degree. The sourcing in it is still quite bad, but there's an extent to which this is so far outside what I usually edit that I don't want to be too heavy handed. ] 07:27, 29 May 2024 (UTC) | |||
== Maybe use term alterhuman instead? == | |||
== Reorganization == | |||
I'm new to editing articles and commenting or anything that needs an account on Misplaced Pages, but maybe use the term alterhuman? It tends to be more inclusive to other part of the community such as plantkin, or conceptkin. | |||
After looking over this article, I have noticed that the main subject area could be broken down into several categories to aid the reader. First, it deals with what the concept of Otherkin is, but then goes into tangents about what Otherkin does not refer to and general tendencies of the subculture(s). Thus, I propose the following revisions under content subcategories: | |||
also yes, I know that I'm probably doing this wrong but like i said, I'm new so sorry for any mistakes ] (]) 21:56, 3 February 2024 (UTC) | |||
-Theories on Otherkin nature. Perhaps this could be separated from (or have a subsection for) the psychological theories. | |||
:How would ''alter-'' be "more inclusive" than ''other-''? About the only sourcing available for those ideas other than random internet schmoes' forum posts is another wiki (]), ''Otherkin.Fandom.com'', which uses ''otherkin'' as a generic/encompassing term, and they also have an article on ''alterhuman'' used the same way (so, it's what WP would call a ] at best or even an outright ], though the site's content leans heavily toward toward the former term). Anyway, not only is it not WP's role to try to duplicate the content and scope of such a site (the material in which seems to be mostly invented on whim by people as they go along, and when based on anything at all but the editor's personal notions, is drawing almost entirely on Internet-forum neologisms and manifestos, mostly dating from 2014 and later. I.e., almost all of it appears to be ] combined with ]. So, we're not in a position per ] and ] to just willy-nilly add such novel self-identity claims to our encyclopedic material. Even as to the page name, we're constrained by ] policy, which mostly resolves to using the ] in independent sources. For this entire subject area, truly independent sources barely even exist, and source usage in general is {{em|entirely}} in favor of "otherkin", with "alterhuman" barely attested at all . <span style="white-space:nowrap;font-family:'Trebuchet MS'"> — ] ] ] 😼 </span> 09:40, 4 February 2024 (UTC) | |||
--Not sure if this should go with the theories or in a separate section, but "ambiguity of the definition and effects this has had on the subculture." | |||
:Alterhuman is not a synonym for otherkin and would have to be a separate article than this. Otherkin identify as nonhuman, particularly mythological nonhumans such as elves and dragons. In contrast, alterhumanity is an umbrella term for anyone who identify outside the usual scope of humans. Unlike otherkin, alterhumanity includes people who identify as human but do so in a different way than usual. For example, people with the spiritual belief that they are reincarnations of human fictional characters (fictives). ] can also consider themselves alterhumans if they do not literally consider themselves nonhuman, but nonetheless find animality important to who they are in a social context. Some people consider themselves to be alterhumans because they are ]. The person who coined the word alterhuman | |||
-Tendencies of the subculture (apart from otherkin natures). This would be things typical of cultural studies: customs, demographics (nationality, age, religion, etc.), and typical practices. | |||
:Unfortunately, it is not yet possible to build an acceptable Misplaced Pages article on the subject of alterhumans. This is because far fewer sources use the word "alterhuman" that are up to Misplaced Pages's standards for acceptable sources. It is difficult enough to find enough acceptable sources that use the word "otherkin." This is only because the word "otherkin" is much older (coined in 1990) than the word "alterhuman" (coined in 2014). | |||
-Otherkin natures (types and phenomena associated with being '''first''' otherkin and '''then''' specific types of otherkin; for example, not every type of otherkin is supposedly infused with great magical abilities ). | |||
:For these reasons, this article should continue to be called "otherkin." ] (]) 04:46, 6 September 2024 (UTC) | |||
== Rewrite == | |||
Other than that, I'd say expand on some areas and correct a few grammatical mistakes ("deities" is not spelled "dieties"). | |||
I brought this to ], but it's been sitting as-is for a long time so I figured it could use a bit of an overhaul. I don't know much about this community/scene/spiritual tradition and don't want to be too heavy handed. I spent some time going through the cited sources that were here before and removed lots of self published sources, and a few big citations weren't supported by the good sources they relied on. There's still a lot from publishing houses that specialize in fiction, but I don't want to step on toes considering the spiritual/religious elements involved here and I'm not particularly qualified to evaluate them (nor do I want to buy those books to read them). If anyone else is willing to take a look, this page seems to have pretty constant issues with IP drive-bys and ]. | |||
Any extra set of eyes would be greatly appreciated. ] 11:59, 29 May 2024 (UTC) | |||
Well, I fixed my spelling error. Also for someone's robots removal, I've met otherkin who claim to be sentient machines in a past life but I left it gone. For Portal of Evil, maybe there is a better link. On the furries wiki they mention the connection to otherkin and say not to be confused with. That's the best evidence I have for the otherkin/furries confusion, so hopefully someone knows a link that's better. ] 15:14, 18 May 2005 (UTC) | |||
:Thank you for bringing your experience to this and working to make this a better article. I really appreciate it. I'm going to improve the page with only the best available quality sources to support each piece of information. I've been reading through the edit history and talk pages to see what previous editors have thought of the sources. Which of the remaining sources do you consider to be low quality and why? ] (]) 14:21, 6 September 2024 (UTC) | |||
:Nice work on the article! Just one thing - do you have a reference for the bicameral mind stuff in relation to otherkin, or is it original research? I'm going to reorganise the list of otherkin types as well, as I can't remember ever seeing anyone claim to be god-kin (although I'm sure there are some). ] 21:04, 18 May 2005 (UTC) | |||
::That is to say, what are your own opinions on why those sources are low quality? I ask because as I'm continuing to read through this article's talk pages, I'm finding that editors have varying opinions about why they consider certain sources to be either low quality or acceptable. One problem is that this article's editors have tended to slant their assessment of the sources according to whether the editors approve or disapprove of the article's subject matter, rather than whether the sources themselves meet quality standards. I wish to assess the quality of the sources themselves, while keeping an informed but unbiased attitude toward the subject matter. Ideally, I want to eventually replace all low quality sources with high quality ones, to make this a better quality article. That's why I would appreciate your own insight into assessing those sources. ] (]) 04:06, 7 September 2024 (UTC) | |||
:::Basically a lot of the material being used to cite this article is from Otherkin-related publishing houses. There are a fair number of high-quality sources on this topic which filter down through academia and the popular press but what this article is defaulting to citing is basically the equivalent of a D&D Players Handbook someone published under nonfiction; an enormous number of personal, uncited, hot takes being presented as “this is what the Otherkin are” and those sources being overweighted next to the sources that’d meet WP:RS. ] 08:40, 7 September 2024 (UTC) | |||
::::Thanks for explaining. I can address the sourcing quality problem by citing academic sources for each of the ideas this article needs to cover, while phasing out the popular and informal sources in favor of them, until the article is nearly exclusively sourced from academic and other reliable sources. Since it's in the controversial category, it may need to be held up to stricter standards than most. I don't completely agree with your assessment of the sources, but a harsh assessment may be what's needed to improve this article to Misplaced Pages's standards. To make the article fit into those standards while covering its subject as adequately and neutrally as possible, I'm starting a new hobby of carefully reading through relevant Misplaced Pages essays and policies and 30+ academic sources on the article's subject. Thank you for how you have been watching over this article even though its subject is outside your area. Any controversial topic needs thoughtful referees. ] (]) 06:11, 9 September 2024 (UTC) | |||
== Semi-protected edit request on 9 December 2024 == | |||
:Did it. I've cut some of the examples as well, as it does smell a bit of someone pulling stuff off the top of their head - has *anyone* ever seen anyone claim to be goat-kin? The ordering of the lists should give the more common types first now, to try and give some idea of their relative popularity. ] 21:19, 18 May 2005 (UTC) | |||
{{edit semi-protected|Otherkin|answered=yes}} | |||
The sources for the Bicameral Mind thing are the sources to the wikipedia's article itself, hence the link to that wiki, and the sources on that article are the sources for the otherkin link. The Bicameral Mind concept from the psychologist's book covers a wide range of topics, but it centers on how the otherkin receive their information--like things from past lives and what not. It also relates to visions. I find the idea quite fascinating. | |||
original: | |||
The Bicameral Mind concept does not necessarily say something is right or wrong, but it is based on how someone such as an otherkin's neurology would receive the information. It also mentions oracles, people who talk to spirits (many otherkin are into the astral plane), the "multiples" concept, the whole astral entity taking you as a host. It's not original reseach since I'm just stating what's already in articles about that concept. Also you said you wanted a "relation between religion and schizotypy" and this is the closest I've found, but it is a theory. | |||
{{anchor|Therian}}The term "therian" refers to people who spiritually, physically, or psychologically identify as an animal. The species of animal a therian identifies as is called a theriotype.<ref name=":2" /> While therians mainly attribute their experiences of therianthropy to either spirituality or psychology, the way in which they consider their therian identity is not a defining characteristic of therianthropy.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Laycock |first1=Joseph P. |date=2012 |title=We Are Spirits of Another Sort |journal=Nova Religio: The Journal of Alternative and Emergent Religions |volume=15 |issue=3 |pages=65–90 | quote = There is a not a finite list of Otherkin "types," but some of the most common include faeries and elves, vampires, therianthropes (individuals who identify with animals and shapeshifters), angels and demons, and "mythologicals" (legendary creatures such as dragons and phoenixes).|doi=10.1525/nr.2012.15.3.65}}</ref> The identity "transspecies" is used by some.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Grivell |first1=Timothy |last2=Clegg |first2=Helen |last3=Roxburgh |first3=Elizabeth C. |date=2014 |title=An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis of Identity in the Therian Community |journal=Identity: An International Journal of Theory and Research |publisher=Routledge |volume=14 |issue=2 |pages=113–135 |doi=10.1080/15283488.2014.891999 |s2cid=144047707}}</ref> | |||
changed: | |||
And for the goat-kin, that's satyr. Also I've known kin who have claimed to have deities on them or speaking through them. See kinhost.org, the person is a multiple and look through all the multiples. | |||
{{anchor|Therian}}The term "therian" refers to people who spiritually or psychologically identify as an animal. This identity is involuntary, meaning it cannot be chosen. The animal that a therian identifies as is called a theriotype.<ref name=":2" /> While therians mainly attribute their experiences of therianthropy to either spirituality or psychology, the way in which they consider their therian identity is not a defining characteristic of therianthropy.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Laycock |first1=Joseph P. |date=2012 |title=We Are Spirits of Another Sort |journal=Nova Religio: The Journal of Alternative and Emergent Religions |volume=15 |issue=3 |pages=65–90 | quote = There is a not a finite list of Otherkin "types," but some of the most common include faeries and elves, vampires, therianthropes (individuals who identify with animals and shapeshifters), angels and demons, and "mythologicals" (legendary creatures such as dragons and phoenixes).|doi=10.1525/nr.2012.15.3.65}}</ref> The identity "transspecies" is used by some.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Grivell |first1=Timothy |last2=Clegg |first2=Helen |last3=Roxburgh |first3=Elizabeth C. |date=2014 |title=An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis of Identity in the Therian Community |journal=Identity: An International Journal of Theory and Research |publisher=Routledge |volume=14 |issue=2 |pages=113–135 |doi=10.1080/15283488.2014.891999 |s2cid=144047707}}</ref> | |||
Reasoning:The identity is never physical and if you believe you are physically an animal then that is considered lycanthropy. Lycanthropy And therianthropy are not the same. lycanthropy refers to physically being an animal Or the delusion that you are physically that animal and therianthropy refers to psychologically or Spiritually being an animal. whether that is fully or partially. but that does not conclude spirit animals. Spirit Animals are not the same as theriotypes .I highly recommend checking out therianterritory YouTube channel for further information. ] (]) 05:49, 9 December 2024 (UTC) | |||
] 07:17, 19 May 2005 (UTC) | |||
] '''Not done for now''': please establish a ] for this alteration ''']''' using the {{Tlx|Edit semi-protected}} template.<!-- Template:ESp --> ] (]) 08:54, 9 December 2024 (UTC) | |||
:Okay, but there's no source for somebody off-wiki saying "bicameral mind theory seems relevant to otherkin"? That's the part that I'm concerned about being original research - drawing a controversial conclusion for yourself and putting it into the article. | |||
== Semi-protected edit request on 15 December 2024 == | |||
:I think a satyr is pretty distinct from a goat, although certainly satyrs could be added to the list. I hear "goat-kin" and think of the four-legged things in fields eating hats. :) | |||
{{edit semi-protected|Otherkin|answered=yes}} | |||
:Also, I do see the relevance to multiplicity, but perhaps then this theory should be over in that article and not over here? The theory may well relate to the astral plane and so on, but many otherkin don't do any of those things, and certainly none of them are required to qualify as otherkin. I'm honestly not sure of the relevance to this particular article. Convince me. :) ] 09:53, 19 May 2005 (UTC) | |||
I’m part of the therian community, and this page has too little information as the umbrella term isn’t even “Otherkin.” Otherkin is a label under the Alterhuman Umbrella. | |||
I want to change to page name from “Otherkin” to “Alterhumanity” and fix potential misinformation/add more information. ] (]) 20:37, 15 December 2024 (UTC) | |||
== medical perspectives == | |||
:] '''Not done:''' this is not the right page to ] additional ]. You may reopen this request with the specific changes to be made and someone may add them for you, or if you have ], you can wait until you are ] and edit the page yourself.<!-- Template:ESp --> You will need ] to add/correct information. Additionally, requests to rename pages should be made at ]. Thank you. ] (]) 20:38, 17 December 2024 (UTC) | |||
== Semi-protected edit request on 20 December 2024 == | |||
what the heck does medical thoughts have to do with a spiritual movement, which Otherkin IS. if your not gonna add a medical perspectives thing to any other religious article, why not remove it from this one entirely? | |||
in short, it doesnt belong. | |||
im gonna remove it in ites entirety in about a half hour, as of this time stamp. | |||
] 22:51, 18 May 2005 (UTC) | |||
{{edit semi-protected|Otherkin|answered=yes}} | |||
:No, you aren't. I'm trying to work with you (as indicated below), but if you begin excising information you don't agree with wholesale, I will take this further. Please don't make that be necessary. ] 22:56, 18 May 2005 (UTC) | |||
Remove the link to the 'shapeshifting' page that is connected to 'therian'. ] (]) 22:06, 20 December 2024 (UTC) | |||
:Please clarify, what link? I cannot find anything that matches this description. ] (]) 23:16, 20 December 2024 (UTC) | |||
would you like to put a medical perspectives section in the cristianity article then as well? if not, it gets removed from here. | |||
::{{yo|LizardJr8}} they may be referring to the "<code><nowiki>]</nowiki></code>" link on the Community section. I have a slight feeling it should be removed, since the ] article has no mention of therians. I'll let you do it if you think so. ] (]) 00:03, 21 December 2024 (UTC) | |||
] 23:03, 18 May 2005 (UTC) | |||
:::OK, there it is, thanks! I'm going to pass on this one as well, as it is beyond my ]. ] (]) 00:07, 21 December 2024 (UTC) | |||
::::I've gone ahead and removed that link. I suspect it was originally added as a link to ], which is a DAB leading to both this article and ], which is in turn another DAB leading to ] and others. So I'm guessing someone tried to resolve it by following the DABs. But it's pretty clear that in context, the intended use is the one that actually leads back to this article, so there's no reason for it to be a link. I think this whole area needs some cleanup of DABs and redirects and article splitting and/or merging, but I can't take that on. ] (]) 00:19, 21 December 2024 (UTC) | |||
:So what you're saying is that you're going to remove valid information from this article, because you don't agree with it? I think that goes against several Misplaced Pages policies; are you sure that's what you want to do? ] 23:11, 18 May 2005 (UTC) | |||
:Well, if you really felt like it, you could add something about perhaps the so-called ''god helmet'' to Christianity, as it is relevant to the topic to at least a certain degree. Then again, that more properly probably has its own article already, though some mention of it might be appropriate. I don't really know, as I try to avoid most religion articles other than this one, a few related ones, and atheism, as I'm sure I'd probably cause edit wars. The medical issues section is most certainly relevant to this article. ] 01:15, 19 May 2005 (UTC) | |||
the issue is not weather i agree with it or not, the issue is that its a pirituality issue, and medical perscpetives dont belong in a spirituality issue, unless your gonna put such a section in EACH and EVERY spirituality related issue. | |||
] 23:16, 18 May 2005 (UTC) | |||
:In this case, they do, because virtually any otherkin you speak to will tell you that they've questioned their sanity long and hard because of what they believe. In fact, it's considered worrying if people *haven't* thought about the alternatives. The theories are commonplace when otherkin are discussed (in other words, it's not just something PoE and co. rake up to discredit them). Because this is a common theory about otherkin, it *should be* in the article - the article is there to put all reasonable sides of the argument, not just the ones you or I or Great-Aunt Maud happen to like. | |||
:I actually agree with you that there needs to be a much more general article on the psychology of religion, and believe it or not, it's been on my to-do list since my disagreement with DreamGuy. However, censoring articles isn't what Misplaced Pages is about. | |||
:I suggest that, rather than making any brutal edits to the article that will result in nothing but a revert war, we either reach some kind of consensus on this, or begin the ] process with a request for a ]. ] 23:24, 18 May 2005 (UTC) | |||
then who shall send the request? and how will that be done? and its not cennsoring that i wish to do, as you may be able to see.... you can see that right? | |||
] 23:29, 18 May 2005 (UTC) | |||
:I agree with you that a disproportionate amount of space is given to the medical opinions. However, I also firmly believe that "the answer to bad speech is more speech" - rather than removing the medical section, which I hope after a lot of editing is at least now NPOV, we should be improving it with more perspectives, and certainly adding a great deal more about what otherkin are and do. | |||
:The ] even says: "When someone makes an edit you consider biased or inaccurate, ''improve'' the edit, rather than reverting it." - unless there's no other way, improve, don't delete. | |||
:If the request needs to be sent, I'll do it, but are we really going to be unable to reach agreement on this? ] 23:36, 18 May 2005 (UTC) | |||
the origional sections wording makes it all sound like they are crazy, doesnt give the simplest thing of the other side of things any light. this is why i thought it was POV. | |||
] | |||
:It doesn't, though. It's neutrally worded (compare ] - they're really quite nasty about him). There is a difference. Encyclopaedic writing should describe its subject as if somebody completely neutral to it was describing it for a class - it should teach, not indoctrinate. Starting from the assumption that the subject is gospel truth, so to speak, doesn't make for neutrality. | |||
:I think it's neutral - it goes into a lot of detail on why the suggested diagnoses may be incorrect, and cites sources for that. What specific bits of it do you think are POV? ] 00:02, 19 May 2005 (UTC) | |||
personally i think the entire section makes it seem more like they are nuts, which i find wrong.... | |||
] 00:14, 19 May 2005 (UTC) | |||
:I can only think that you haven't read it properly if you think the entire section is arguing that they're nuts. What do you think of it now, though? ] 00:33, 19 May 2005 (UTC) | |||
About that third opinion you were looking for, I think it is absolutely vital that we have such elements (medical ones) both in this article, ], and any other article relating to a religious belief that involves medical or psychological beliefs (with respect to photosensitivity, need for blood or supposed animal characteristics). '''However''', we cannot go removing any information pretaining to a certain subject for no reason other than the fact that it contradicts someone's religious beliefs. There is absolutely no point in questioning whether someone with human DNA can biologically be a dragon or animal or vampire. It must simply be accepted that modern medical science dictates that such genetics are impossible. On the other side, though, these articles are about a belief, and therefore must most definately remain indefinately simply by virtue of the fact that people do in fact believe in this manner of thing. Furthermore, it is entirely possible that these peoples' beliefs are in fact correct, equally as there is that medical science (which is almost certainly not developed enough to pass unqualified judgement on these people) may alternatively be correct. Therefore, it is key that we have some kind of supported data or facts regarding the purported physiology of these people versus the medical plausibility thereof regarding current technology. | |||
:In short, in order to juggle POV rules and factual requirements, it is necessary that everything contained in this article (other than the fact that these opinions exist) must be stated as though it were an opinion regardless of whether or not you (as an editor) personally believe it is true. ] 19:07, 23 May 2005 (UTC) | |||
falcon, if you dont know much about a subject, such opnions are invalid. please do some research. | |||
] 10:12, 24 May 2005 (UTC) | |||
You have to cover medical perspectives since they are singnifacnt to many people's intial reactions to the otherkin thing (the other one I have seen involves people taking roleplaying way too seriously)] 12:05, 24 May 2005 (UTC) | |||
all right then, add a medical p[erpectives section to the christianity and judaism articles,andill shut upabout it. | |||
] 16:38, 24 May 2005 (UTC) | |||
:What makes you think Falcon doesn't know the subject? I don't see anything wrong with his comment. I continue to be amazed, however, by your continued bashing on people who are rewriting the section to be more sympathetic to otherkin, not less. I think your problem is that you're offended by the mere presence of the section, when if you actually read it you'd see that, if anything, it concludes that there's nothing pathological about otherkin beliefs. Regardless, we've had two outside opinions now, so unless you do want to ask outsiders for opinions I guess the section stays. ] 08:01, 25 May 2005 (UTC) | |||
== Issue: quoting == | |||
] and I have a disagreement over whether the subculture quote under "Medical perspectives" is valid. | |||
I've quoted it as follows (irrelevant information replaced with an ellipsis): | |||
''"To be considered signs of a mental disorder, these atypical behaviors or mental events cannot be either ... individual variations that are expressions of a particular subculture (for example, coloring one's hair green and purple because one's friends are doing it). In neither case are the atypical behaviors or mental events a sign of an internal dysfunction: they are consistent with the norms (standards) of some social group to which the individual belongs."'' | |||
It's been suggested that removing information from the quote is misleading, and that the whole thing should be given, like this (excised text in '''bold''': | |||
''"To be considered signs of a mental disorder, these atypical behaviors or mental events cannot be either '''(a) culturally acceptable responses to infrequent situations (for example, grieving the death of a family member) or (b)''' individual variations that are expressions of a particular subculture (for example, coloring one's hair green and purple because one's friends are doing it). In neither case are the atypical behaviors or mental events a sign of an internal dysfunction: they are consistent with the norms (standards) of some social group to which the individual belongs."'' | |||
What do people think? I don't believe the way it's quoted is at all misleading (although if it stays cut, I really must take that "either" out too). ] 22:56, 18 May 2005 (UTC) | |||
:I dunno; depression is a mental disorder, and often is triggered by the death of a family member or something similar. I'm not entirely certain that culture has anything really to do with a mental disorder; I'm pretty sure they are mostly characterized by maladaptive behavior. Of course, that definition pretty much includes every religion to some degree or another, but whatever. ] 01:23, 19 May 2005 (UTC) | |||
::Aye, but the question to hand is "can the beliefs and habits of a subculture be used as evidence of a mental disorder, in the absence of maladaptive behaviour?" The quote refutes that, which is why it's there - the religion or philosophy or whatever of otherwise healthy individuals shouldn't be considered pathological. ] 10:00, 19 May 2005 (UTC) | |||
== Editing == | |||
Erm, why have we split spiritual and psychologic into two separate categories, then not explained the psychologic aspects? I mean, there are bound to be a few aspects of an otherkin's nature (if the otherkin is what he/she claims to be) that would be human, given the effect of hormones on psychology and the socialization process inherent in any culture. Thus, all human-form otherkin (as opposed to, say, a duck who thinks he's a rooster or a pig who thinks he's a dog ) will have a modicum of humanity. Even biologic otherkin would have that humanity in them, as the cross of human and whatever other entity that could cross with a human (I'm going with elf at the moment for the purposes of this discussion) would be more human than elf if the cross occurred fairly far back (as I'm betting many would claim, as it's a fairly common theme in mythology for a supernatural being to be in a human's ancestry). So despite some small chance of inheriting the complete haploid set of elf chromosomes fully intact (which is hardly going to happen, given crossing over and the number of meioses between the original elf and the biologic elfkin), there's some humanity going to be part of a biologic elfkin. However, at some point the spiritual aspects of the otherkin are going to manifest themselves in personality and such, which are parts of psychology. Basically, I would like a clearer distinction between psychologic otherkinness and spiritual otherness. | |||
first, sign ourt posts, seconmd, thats not so easy. | |||
] 06:32, 21 May 2005 (UTC) | |||
:Mainly because I didn't have time to write a section on the psychological wossnames, and there was no existing material on it in the article. :) Maybe "philosophical" would have been a better word; I was thinking mainly of the people who, rather than say "I have an elf soul", say "I associate with elves as a method of further understanding myself". The split is there primarily to provide a structure to build on, and is based on the "biological, spiritual or psychological difference" from the older article, which I believe derived from . Please feel free to contribute if you want to. ] 16:14, 21 May 2005 (UTC) | |||
Sorry about not signing a name, as I'm new and didn't know how to use the command. | |||
I'm not sure what point I could make that would work as an effective edit (except for what I've already said, which I don't think fully addresses the point). The philosophic otherness intrigues me, though, so if a mysterious edit appears (which I promise will have a notification of change for the history), it will probably be the product of my musings. | |||
] 22:07, 21 May 2005 (UTC) | |||
== Requests to editors == | |||
We've got another phantom editor - I thought it was ], but looking at the IP addresses I'm not so sure. Whoever you are, could you sign up for a user account, please? It makes it a lot easier to talk to you. :) | |||
One of the things I'm trying to do at the moment is to ] for all of the information in the article, and (as ] observed) to provide decent structure and style for what has been a rather bitty and poorly structured article. I believe this is especially necessary given some of the extraordinary claims given here (compare the ] for some of the accusations that have been made in the past). | |||
Can I ask that people help out with this by providing sources for any new information they add, using ] style? Especially if you're going to add things like people's claims of having non-human biology, this is very important. Other things I'll mention in passing are ], especially ], and ]. | |||
I've also made more use of inline comments in the article than I should have, and this has been picked up on, so I'm going to cut some of these across to here - I suspect they only ought to be used when there is important information that needs to be pointed out to people editing the article. My mistake, sorry. ] 14:56, 22 May 2005 (UTC) | |||
I hadn't phantom-editted this article, as I knew it was a touchy subject (hence taking up discussion). I only "phantom edit," as it were, for typos and such. Thank you for thinking the newbie hasn't read the tutorial because he didn't wish to type the tetratilde, thus remaining anonymous. ] 03:27, 23 May 2005 (UTC) | |||
:Well, the alternative is to assume that people are ignoring policy. I assure you there are people on Wiki who are a lot harsher about this stuff than I am. ] 09:22, 23 May 2005 (UTC) | |||
Eh, no big deal. ] 22:06, 24 May 2005 (UTC) | |||
== Draco18s's comments from the main article == | |||
'''' | |||
Did the other communities spin off from the mainstream or did they evolve separately? Anyone? Bueller? '''' | |||
A combination of both perhaps? I am not one to have been around long enough to know. Also is it possible that there is no origins to the term Otherkin, and that it came about as the result of a "stand alone complex"? | |||
'''' | |||
<-- This may be a interesting thought. I heard a voice at one time myself. "All Knowing," definately. However I did know that the voice was not my own, and eventually blocked it out. Sometimes I also seem to think as this section suggests, whereby /my own/ thoughts are seemingly not-mine and that I can, and have, refered to myself (in thought) in third person as a multitude of "voices" each with a distinct personality. Something to poner on, I think. ~Draco18s --> | |||
] 15:07, 22 May 2005 (UTC) | |||
== Problems in recent edits == | |||
''Psycological difference offten turn up in changes in an individual's behavior. Not even Otherkin of the same type have the same impulses.'' | |||
''Some wolve-kin for example might have a craving for raw--or nearly raw--meat, while others would not. However most of these traits do seem to be widespread. Many dragon-kin for example exhibit a hoarding trait, weather they hoard things of value or triknets or just junk, nearly every one hoards something.'' | |||
''There are exceptions to this, even so far as going completely against it. A fuit bat -kin wanting nearly raw steak, for example.'' | |||
''Another examples of psycological behavior that isn't "normal" for being human, is noises: growling, purring, hissing, etc. Some even use these noises unconciously instead of "normal" pyscological responses to stimulous. Some of these may not even realise that do this until a friend points it out to them.'' | |||
I think these are behavioural differences that could apply however you explain your kin-ness, so I'd be inclined to move these further up to the main section heading and not have them under any of the sub-headings (I've renamed the former psychology section to make it clearer what it's actually meant as). However, I'm concerned that we're heading back towards the state the article was originally in, with a lot of information on therianthropes/weres/furries and vampires (who have their own articles at ] and ], as do dragons at ]), and less that is generally accurate for otherkin. | |||
One of the first things the article says is that otherkin has a specific meaning (mythology-kin) and an umbrella meaning (all the elves, fairies, dragons, vampires, werewolves and so on). However, I'm almost positive that specific information about the communities with their own Wiki pages is better done over on those pages. I would like to keep this page for specifics about the first meaning, and no more than generalities about the second. Thoughts? | |||
''There may be cases in some types of Otherkin where biological differences may be more obvious. Such as a vampire having an extreamly low blood temperature. A normal temperature of 65 degrees farenheight (18 degrees Celcius) has been self-documented. The subject also exibits other bizare medical symptoms that would be considered fatal to a "normal" human, or where "normal" is fatal to the subject.'' | |||
This is going to need a good source, or it'll have to go. Sorry. | |||
''However, most of those who claim to be Otherkin and are not (called RPers for the association with all of this to be ]) are ussually found and routed. They may still continue to participate in the community, however is becomes common knoledge that they are jsut acting. It is also possible for an RPer to become despised by a community and forced out once they are found out.'' | |||
The problem with this paragraph is that it's POV (not impartial) - the article assumes that people who have been gangbanged by one community or another for being RPers actually are. This is very hard to determine, and certainly the Wiki article shouldn't assume that they are and refer to them as "RPers". However, the article probably needs something somewhere on "Elven Princess Syndrome", even if it just defines it. Need to find a reference for that. ] 15:17, 22 May 2005 (UTC) | |||
Just an idea: move totemism under the philosophy section, as that's one of the several manifestations of "connecting to a type of otherkind without being of that type" (unless, of course, I'm mistaken in your meaning). ] 21:28, 25 May 2005 (UTC) | |||
:That's a good idea; it should probably be down there. Thanks. :) ] 07:08, 26 May 2005 (UTC) | |||
== Plant Otherkin == | |||
Well I just found this site today. http://greenkin.qilora.com/ It's an otherkin who is from plants, with some biological aspects. I saw the new article outlines and they're very complex so I don't want to mess them up. I'm listing this here so someone will take care of it. ] 19:14, 26 May 2005 (UTC) | |||
:The thing is that, since the aim here is to write an article of encyclopaedic standards, every claim made by a single person or a couple of people probably shouldn't be incorporated. For one thing, the article would get pretty unwieldy if that happened, and secondly in the absence of multiple sources for this kind of information (due to the nature of the subject, most of the sources we have fit under ] quite nicely) one person's claims can't be considered reliable. | |||
:If there's evidence of this being a general trend in the community, it can go in, sure, but until then I would personally be inclined to leave it out. The page is fascinating, it just doesn't strike me as being wiki-safe yet. ] 07:44, 27 May 2005 (UTC) | |||
== Self-delusion? == | |||
People who claim to be otherkin may be in complete denial. Sorry if my observations offend anyone. | |||
Anyone who thinks they're otherkin are delusional, sure they may have some logic but have completely bought into some form of teenage-wiccan mentality of wanting to be 'something' other then themselves. Of course, you can't objectively prove the validity of otherkin. However, as a university psychology student I believe most people who believe they are otherkin suffer some form of depression/dissociative personalities. For a thesis i met up with certain friends and contacts online who believed they where otherkin, after interviewing 16 people I found the common pattern of otherkin phenomena happened like this | |||
-Person learns of occultic arts, such as withcraft. After a few months of practising is completely convinced that magick works | |||
-Person either exudes an internet persona that is egocentric, strong emphasis on self-importance. Possibly self-esteem issues(Narcissism?) | |||
-Person becomes convinced by some form of higher figure, ie: someone claiming to be knowledgeble and have extra powers. Similiar to Covens and hierarchy. | |||
-Person attempts to be far from 'normal'. Most notably associates themselves with the goth/emo/outcast subculture, doesn't want to conform, doesn't like authority. | |||
-Persons where only children, or disliked their brothers/sisters | |||
-Interesting to note that otherkin phenomena has only been big since the advent of internet. Possibly a person can be jealous or curious by the idea that there something more then human. Maybe people would go out of their way to become something to fit in with an assumed identity? (ie: someone who is aggressive may believe themselves to be a dragon, someone who is feminine may coincide with believing they're elves/fae). | |||
-I am sure that none of the people i interviewed had schizophrenia or any REAL illness. However, many of the people i interviewed where very defensive covering their face with hands, biting lips, unable to maintain eye contact when describing things. I am likely to believe that these people are compulsive liars or cannot accept the idea that they may have deuluded themselves. I found half of the volunteers in questionnaires to be histrionic,narcissistic or schizotypical. | |||
Sorry to offend anyone in this, i dont have problems with people who claim to be otherkin or have magical powers. Infact I found these people quite pleasant to talk too, but i think alot of these people are slightly disturbed. Anyone want to freely discuss this or ask me questions feel free. I don't want to edit the article but there is some sort of new psychological pattern emerging (like furry subculture and sexuality). ] 8:15 23 July 2005 | |||
of the thoudans who say they are otherkin, sixteen does not a really good survey make... good start though. also, magic, in my personal studies of interivewing epople for the hell of it ( discusson groups) rarely has anything to do with thier laims to what they are. | |||
] 07:21, 23 July 2005 (UTC) | |||
== Verifiability and sources == | |||
I think a lot of this article lacks in ]. I know there are lots of sources cited, they appear to be mostly from various otherkin-related websites. Ideally you want quotes from more reputable sources. There are quotes from a couple of .edu sites, but they're not even about otherkin. Anyone have thoughts on this? ] 08:41, 23 July 2005 (UTC) | |||
your thinking in wqys youd have to treat an article about science, etc. you cany think that way with an issue like this. | |||
] 09:01, 23 July 2005 (UTC) | |||
I realize that there probably won't be very many legit sources on this topic. However, I don't think we should bend the rules, and risk making Misplaced Pages an object of ridicule. Controversial or strange topics need MORE verifiability than others, not less. Anyone think maybe this should merge with ] and whatever additional specific-variety-of-otherkin articles are out there? If this is an established "spiritual movement", surely some respected person has written about it? On the other hand, if it's a bunch of kids playing vampire games online, maybe not. ] 18:45, 23 July 2005 (UTC) | |||
by your words, you sem to need to research this subject quite a bit more. | |||
] 02:22, 24 July 2005 (UTC) | |||
also, vampire lifestyle i has very little if nothing at all to do with the otherkin issue. and why we dont merge all subgroups into one article i likly because of article size issues. | |||
] 02:56, 24 July 2005 (UTC) | |||
:I was assuming that once unverifiable things were removed, the articles in question would be smaller and thus make more sense together as one. Of course, this could prove not to be the case. I suppose the first thing is making sure it's verifiable. Does anyone have any reputable sources talking about otherkin? I googled and got lots of results, but the top results were kinds of sites already referenced here, plus the wikipedia page, and lots of forums for otherkin. I'm not sure where to find proper sources. Self-described otherkin talking about themselves on the net isn't a particularly good source. | |||
:I wasn't trying to make any weird factual claims about otherkin, so I'm not sure why you say I need to research it more. But, I'm willing to; why do you think I'm asking for sources? This article already says that vampire lifestylers a variety of otherkin, so I'm not sure why you're objecting there. Anyway, there's quite a lot of this stuff on the internet, I'm not trying to claim it doesn't exist or anything, I'm trying to find better sources. ] 05:06, 25 July 2005 (UTC) | |||
although its not good in common practise, i feel it would be benificial if you were to listenin on some discussion grouprooms, if you can find one thats not about pathetic people trying to one up each other or some other childish thing... ill see if i can find something that would whet your appetiet for verifibillity when i get back froim work. | |||
] 08:57, 25 July 2005 (UTC) | |||
:Friday, the impression I'm getting is that you want to remove most of the substance of the article, leaving only the few paragraphs that can be gleaned from the minimal independent sources that are out there? I'd be very sorry to see that happen to an article on what is certainly a notable subculture. I did find that the sources dealing with this topic were dubious, which is why the article (or at least, I hope, the parts I had a hand in) talks about the claims Otherkin make and the beliefs that they hold, and does not state any of these as fact. This is the recommended practice stated in ]. | |||
:This article does suffer from a tendency for people to add in material that verges on being demonstrably untrue and/or sensationalistic, which is why I eventually gave up working on it. ] 09:38, 25 July 2005 (UTC) | |||
:By the way, what's your source for the Elenari being a group outside the mainstream otherkin community? ;) ] 09:46, 25 July 2005 (UTC) | |||
:: I don't want to jump into anything yet, I was trying to feel out the situation. However I'd like to see better verifiability. If the only sources we're going to find are web sites, maybe otherkin should be considered an "internet phenomenom"? If we can find no mention of it outside the net, I'd say by definition it's an internet phenomenom, and should probably be treated like other internet phenomena. I'm afraid that this article will function as an "original research magnet", which I don't like to see. I wasn't sure who you were asking about the source for Elenari being outside "mainstream otherkin" (is there such a thing?!?), but I have no source for that at all, and didn't mean to imply it. I only know what I read in ]. Another issue I noticed was that even the top couple otherkin website had very low traffic ratings according to Alexa. If this IS an internet phenomenom, it doesn't look very noteworthy. That's why I was hoping to find some discussion of this other than by the people IN the "movement". I should say again that I feel that "weird" things like this need BETTER verifiability than more mundane topics, as people will feel more naturally skeptical. I don't want to make Misplaced Pages look like like the otherkin sites I saw, as they looked very questionable and unencyclopedic to me. ] 15:45, 25 July 2005 (UTC) | |||
:::I've done some work on synthesising a history of the early otherkin movement from existing sources at ], which hopefully will serve to demonstrate that this isn't an entirely Internet-based phenomenon, and that it traces its roots to well before the popularisation of the Internet. While there is a large amount of information and contact made across the Internet, as we tend to be rather isolated (you can't just walk up to someone in the street and say "by the way, are you an elf/dragon/whatever?"), there are offline groups and even groups primarily based offline, not to mention the groups that have verifiable histories traceable back to the 70s and 80s. ] 17:36, 25 July 2005 (UTC) | |||
again, if you yjink its all net ased, you reaslly havnt been reading,m and talking to many, now have you? Also you have to refute what, in your mind might be qestuionable, becasu of your unfamilliarity with this topiuc | |||
] 16:18, 25 July 2005 (UTC) | |||
: I don't think you're following me here. I'm not saying it's entirely net based, I'm saying it's possible, because that's all I've been able to find on it. Please read ] and you will understand that even if I went out and interviewed every "Otherkin" in the world, my findings would not be appropriate for Misplaced Pages. That's called "original research" and there is a very good explanation of what it is and why it's not used on Misplaced Pages. Likewise with getting information from the otherkin sites, that's original research also. You really ought to read and understand ]. ] 16:56, 25 July 2005 (UTC) | |||
:PS I added the original research tag in hopes of getting more people to notice and comment. ] 16:58, 25 July 2005 (UTC) | |||
::Are you saying that this article is not "based on information collected from primary and secondary sources"? In what way is it not? ] 17:41, 25 July 2005 (UTC) | |||
::: Thanks for your response. I don't have any knowledge of this subject so sorry if I'm behind. I was only basing my statements on my understanding of what's considered "original research". Anyway, I thought Otherkin started on the internet because this article says it came from the online "elf" communities. | |||
::: I don't see that there any secondary sources in this article. I see primary ones, but they all look like ] to me. | |||
::: I looked thru your work at ], and it has parts that look better to me than parts of this article, altho I'm not very qualified to judge it. At any rate, you appear at first glance to be taking a more scholarly approach than what's currently in this article, and I think that's great. I'm certainly willing to defer to your judgement on Otherkin; I just think it's important to observe ] and ]. I suspect this is an "obscure topic" as discussed in ]. Thus it may prove difficult to find reputable sources. So, part of me wonders if this article can have much content at all while still conforming to guidelines. ] 18:30, 25 July 2005 (UTC) | |||
=origional research tag removal= | |||
As attempted to explain in edit summaries, the tag was removed because this subject is in an "elite" few wo dont have much printed material written on them, so the websites, by anmd large, should be treated as one would treat text materials on any other subject, if it reads well, and is made well, irt should be given cedibillity, this is the reason for the removal of the aforementioned tag. it is very true that there is very little writen about Otherkin in printed media. | |||
] 23:03, 26 July 2005 (UTC) | |||
: Thanks for explaining. However from the discussion above it seems to me like there's no grounds for removing the tag. Also, in order to understand this issue it is absolutely vital to understand ] and ]. Your comments seem to me to strongly indicate that you do NOT understand these policies. It sounds like you're arguing that this article should not be required to meet the standards set for this encyclopedia, and I'm afraid that the policies (and, presumably, most editors) will not agree with you there. I see your latest edit summary but you must understand: This isn't about YOU, it's about the article. ] 23:09, 26 July 2005 (UTC) | |||
if you can not find information in " scholarly" printed media, because it doesnt exist yet, what are you left with? you are left with many websites to go through. if thats all youcan findits what you must use, editors must have thier own discretion as to weather they think a site is a lone kook blathering on about stuff or its something thats back ed up by resaearch, and since its not hte editors own research it is not considered origional. as for the edit summary, i hav never seen you reinsert a tag on such flimsey grounds ( and yes, i have looked) | |||
] 23:13, 26 July 2005 (UTC) | |||
:You very clearly do not understand what is meant by original research. As many many editors have asked you before, PLEASE follow the rules. See ]. "Original research" does NOT strictly mean research done by the editor who added it. I'm frankly astounded that you have not read the policy by now. ] 23:23, 26 July 2005 (UTC) | |||
this article is one of a rew who are special in that its not paticulkarly easy to come across infomration that isnt "origional research" as termed inthe policey, so i propose an exception, an article specific bending of the rules, because otherwise there wont really be an article, except sources that state that the otherkin believers are insaine. | |||
] 23:26, 26 July 2005 (UTC) | |||
== RFC == | |||
I've asked for comments on this article, in hopes of getting more people to comment on verifiability and original research. ] 23:29, 26 July 2005 (UTC) |
Latest revision as of 00:21, 21 December 2024
This is the talk page for discussing improvements to the Otherkin article. This is not a forum for general discussion of the article's subject. |
|
Find sources: Google (books · news · scholar · free images · WP refs) · FENS · JSTOR · TWL |
Archives: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10Auto-archiving period: 8 months |
This topic contains controversial issues, some of which have reached a consensus for approach and neutrality, and some of which may be disputed. Before making any potentially controversial changes to the article, please carefully read the discussion-page dialogue to see if the issue has been raised before, and ensure that your edit meets all of Misplaced Pages's policies and guidelines. Please also ensure you use an accurate and concise edit summary. |
This page is not a forum for general discussion about Otherkin. Any such comments may be removed or refactored. Please limit discussion to improvement of this article. You may wish to ask factual questions about Otherkin at the Reference desk. |
This article is rated C-class on Misplaced Pages's content assessment scale. It is of interest to the following WikiProjects: | |||||||||||||||||||||
|
This article was nominated for deletion. Please review the prior discussions if you are considering re-nomination:
|
90% of this article is absolutely wrong and describes those who abuse this term. Why is that?
Why does this entre article describe the definition of the ones who stole the term "Otherkin"? Why does it describe these people why say it means they are something completely else with their entire being and use it to justify their weird social behaviour etc? It's embarrassing and ruins the reputition of the ones who use this term the correct way.
Being an Otherkin means the same as being a Therian, just it's the umbrella term for those who feel a spiritual connection to a mythical non-existing creature. It's nothing else but that. StarSuicune (talk) 12:17, 12 January 2022 (UTC)
- Are there particular sources in the article that are invalid, or other sources that argue differently? The current sources seem to clearly define "otherkin" as a person identifying as non-human, similarly to this article; source #14, Otherkin Timeline: The Recent History of Elfin, Fae, and Animal People, Abridged Edition, even traces usage of the term through the 1990s.
- Avoyt (talk) 18:32, 30 May 2022 (UTC)
- Abridged Edition... Everyone on the internet should know that this is the polar opposite of a valid serious source. Abridged describes nothing but a parody. StarSuicune (talk) 09:04, 21 February 2024 (UTC)
- According to the Merriam-Webster Dictionary, "abridged" means "shortened and condensed." Some examples that Merriam-Webster gives of abridgements are abridged dictionaries and abridged editions of classic novels. Those are not parodies. Abridged does not mean a parody, it means a shortened edition of the standard length book by the same title. An abridged edition of a book keeps only a selection of the most important parts of that book. The source that Avoyt mentioned, the Otherkin Timeline, was available in both an abridged edition and a standard length edition. Whether an abridged edition is a reliable source depends only on whether the standard length edition was a reliable source too, unless if a particular abridged edition happens to have cut out something important, in which case the standard length edition is relatively more reliable. DruryBaker (talk) 03:15, 7 September 2024 (UTC)
- Abridged Edition... Everyone on the internet should know that this is the polar opposite of a valid serious source. Abridged describes nothing but a parody. StarSuicune (talk) 09:04, 21 February 2024 (UTC)
- I agree with Avoyt that we need more specific information on what you're asking for. Tathar (talk) 11:41, 4 September 2022 (UTC)
- I agree. I'm otherkin and this article is completely wrong. My identity as otherkin purely stems from not being comfortable looking like a human and wishing i could look like a different species. I find the appearance of the human body boring and uninteresting, and wish i could look more unique in a way clothing cannot fix. None of this has anything to do with religion or belief that I am literally part animal. It's all to do with the appearance I am comfortable with. Otherkin are one of the most discriminated groups in modern times because of articles like this. TidalTempestBM (talk) 08:58, 6 June 2023 (UTC)
- @TidalTempestBM Your personal experiences with the term "Otherkin" are not relevant to the contents of an encyclopedic article about the subject.
- If there is to be an encyclopedia entry for "Otherkin" it should adhere to the most commonly recognized definition of the term as described in scholarly sources, as is the case for all of Misplaced Pages.
- If this definition shifts, the article should reflect that. However, this article is not "completely wrong" simply because it doesn't reflect your personal relationship to the term. Agentdoge (talk) 05:24, 8 June 2023 (UTC)
- Yes. This is strongly reminding me of a debate I ran into between some tarot card users, with one approaching them from a viewpoint of the cards representing psychological archetypes along Carl Jung and Joseph Campbell lines and useful as a form of cold-reading psychoanalysis, with the other insisting they were a form of powerful occult magic and deeply religio-spiritual, with each claiming the other was a "false practitioner", in an argument that to anyone not involved in the topic seemed somewhere between pointless and absurd, especially to people who use them simply as a form of entertainment. The vast majority of source material on tarot cards says they are a) playing cards used in a variety of mostly European games, and b) a form of divination called cartomancy (i.e., a belief in them having magical/occult/spiritual power); our own article on the topic reflects this sourcing, and does not address archetypal psychology interpretations because there is virtually no reliable sourcing for this, no matter the fact that there are people who approach them this way.
If there is or becomes sourcing on otherkin/therianthropism as simply a form of body dysphoria with no spiritual or other subcultural aspects, then we can cover that. Maybe such sourcing already exists, but until editors have reliable sources on this in-hand, we can't do anything with the article content in such a direction, certainly not based on personal-experience/viewpoint anecdote. It is natural that various approaches to such things will exist among individuals, but we can't write based on their talk-page opinions. In short, if someone feels the article is "absolutely wrong", then they have to cough up reliable sources that their viewpoint actually deserves any due coverage, and even then it is certainly not going to prove that those with a different view of this are "abus this term" and not using it "the correct way", only that there are multiple noteworthy views/approaches. See also WP:NPOV: Misplaced Pages is not interested in any "righting great wrongs" fringe activism viewpoint-pushing. PS: This condemnatory urge seems very closely related to the censorious and pseudo-moralizing nature of kink-shaming; even though the otherkin thing is not centrally about sexuality, it certainly has that component to it, as does furry/plushy, the vampire scene, etc. Which is to say, the more judgemental someone gets about "the other side" on a matter like this, the faster and more firmly they should be ignored. PPS: There doesn't seem to be any reliable sourcing available anywhere to support the notion that "otherkin are one of the most discriminated groups in modern times", and crank, victim-posing claims like this tend to be rather offensive to people who are actually subjected to daily discrimination and worse because of their ethnicity, gender presentation, disability, etc. No one on the bus knows you feel like a wolf or elf. — SMcCandlish ☏ ¢ 😼 13:24, 3 February 2024 (UTC)
- Yes. This is strongly reminding me of a debate I ran into between some tarot card users, with one approaching them from a viewpoint of the cards representing psychological archetypes along Carl Jung and Joseph Campbell lines and useful as a form of cold-reading psychoanalysis, with the other insisting they were a form of powerful occult magic and deeply religio-spiritual, with each claiming the other was a "false practitioner", in an argument that to anyone not involved in the topic seemed somewhere between pointless and absurd, especially to people who use them simply as a form of entertainment. The vast majority of source material on tarot cards says they are a) playing cards used in a variety of mostly European games, and b) a form of divination called cartomancy (i.e., a belief in them having magical/occult/spiritual power); our own article on the topic reflects this sourcing, and does not address archetypal psychology interpretations because there is virtually no reliable sourcing for this, no matter the fact that there are people who approach them this way.
- Not just non-physical ones, even. Your personal emotions about the topic don't dictate things such as this. If needed, I will try and scrounge around for the archived evidence. 98.188.246.215 (talk) 03:31, 29 May 2024 (UTC)
- I agree. I'm otherkin and this article is completely wrong. My identity as otherkin purely stems from not being comfortable looking like a human and wishing i could look like a different species. I find the appearance of the human body boring and uninteresting, and wish i could look more unique in a way clothing cannot fix. None of this has anything to do with religion or belief that I am literally part animal. It's all to do with the appearance I am comfortable with. Otherkin are one of the most discriminated groups in modern times because of articles like this. TidalTempestBM (talk) 08:58, 6 June 2023 (UTC)
- I feel that the beliefs section is the most wrong, but it could just stand out to me. I'm not sure though and I would like to learn some stuff so hit me with what you think i guess. TurtleDemon666 (talk) 00:37, 31 January 2024 (UTC)
- ONLY a "spiritual connection?" Really, man? Have you seen the polls done on alt.horror.werewolves that have been archived? Absolutely ridiculous to claim such a thing. Spiritual AND psychological Otherkin have been around for years; it's disrespectful to narrow it down in such a way. 98.188.246.215 (talk) 03:25, 29 May 2024 (UTC)
- Hi, @98.188.246.215 . I don't personally identify with this community, but I do try to keep a close watch on this article since it's very prone to vandalism. I can hopefully try to help you out with understanding some of the situation, especially since you're offering to find some sources for claims.
Have you seen the polls done on alt.horror.werewolves that have been archived?
- Misplaced Pages's sourcing standards require verifiability and reliable sources. Usenet polls aren't going to work, nor frankly are a lot of the sources already in this article (why are we citing RPG rule books, for example). You can find more on how Misplaced Pages handles sourcing at WP:RS and information on usenet specifically here WP:PUS. This is why another user almost instantly reverted your otherkin wiki citaton; it fails our sourcing standards pretty badly and cannot be relied on.
Spiritual AND psychological Otherkin have been around for years; it's disrespectful to narrow it down in such a way.
- My understanding from trying to keep vandals away from this page is that it's possible you may actually be able to cite this. There does seem to be some work discussing the religious and psychological elements of this group in peer-review, so it's entirely plausible the point you want to make has already been covered by sources Misplaced Pages accepts.
- I'd caution you against thinking this article is going to end up going in a direction that everyone who identifies as Otherkin will accept, since a lot of it seems to be restricted to discussions on social media with only a tiny bit of bleed over into reliable sources. Warrenᚋᚐᚊᚔ 06:47, 29 May 2024 (UTC)
- I've just gone through and tried to clean up this article to a degree. The sourcing in it is still quite bad, but there's an extent to which this is so far outside what I usually edit that I don't want to be too heavy handed. Warrenᚋᚐᚊᚔ 07:27, 29 May 2024 (UTC)
- Hi, @98.188.246.215 . I don't personally identify with this community, but I do try to keep a close watch on this article since it's very prone to vandalism. I can hopefully try to help you out with understanding some of the situation, especially since you're offering to find some sources for claims.
Maybe use term alterhuman instead?
I'm new to editing articles and commenting or anything that needs an account on Misplaced Pages, but maybe use the term alterhuman? It tends to be more inclusive to other part of the community such as plantkin, or conceptkin.
also yes, I know that I'm probably doing this wrong but like i said, I'm new so sorry for any mistakes 65.117.164.210 (talk) 21:56, 3 February 2024 (UTC)
- How would alter- be "more inclusive" than other-? About the only sourcing available for those ideas other than random internet schmoes' forum posts is another wiki (unreliable source, as user-generated content), Otherkin.Fandom.com, which uses otherkin as a generic/encompassing term, and they also have an article on alterhuman used the same way (so, it's what WP would call a content fork at best or even an outright viewpoint fork, though the site's content leans heavily toward toward the former term). Anyway, not only is it not WP's role to try to duplicate the content and scope of such a site (the material in which seems to be mostly invented on whim by people as they go along, and when based on anything at all but the editor's personal notions, is drawing almost entirely on Internet-forum neologisms and manifestos, mostly dating from 2014 and later. I.e., almost all of it appears to be "stuff I made up one day" combined with "original research". So, we're not in a position per the "notability" policy and "WP is not an indiscriminate collection of information" policy to just willy-nilly add such novel self-identity claims to our encyclopedic material. Even as to the page name, we're constrained by article titles policy, which mostly resolves to using the most common name in independent sources. For this entire subject area, truly independent sources barely even exist, and source usage in general is entirely in favor of "otherkin", with "alterhuman" barely attested at all . — SMcCandlish ☏ ¢ 😼 09:40, 4 February 2024 (UTC)
- Alterhuman is not a synonym for otherkin and would have to be a separate article than this. Otherkin identify as nonhuman, particularly mythological nonhumans such as elves and dragons. In contrast, alterhumanity is an umbrella term for anyone who identify outside the usual scope of humans. Unlike otherkin, alterhumanity includes people who identify as human but do so in a different way than usual. For example, people with the spiritual belief that they are reincarnations of human fictional characters (fictives). Furry fans can also consider themselves alterhumans if they do not literally consider themselves nonhuman, but nonetheless find animality important to who they are in a social context. Some people consider themselves to be alterhumans because they are plural systems. The person who coined the word alterhuman explained that it was supposed to be a much wider umbrella than otherkin.
- Unfortunately, it is not yet possible to build an acceptable Misplaced Pages article on the subject of alterhumans. This is because far fewer sources use the word "alterhuman" that are up to Misplaced Pages's standards for acceptable sources. It is difficult enough to find enough acceptable sources that use the word "otherkin." This is only because the word "otherkin" is much older (coined in 1990) than the word "alterhuman" (coined in 2014).
- For these reasons, this article should continue to be called "otherkin." DruryBaker (talk) 04:46, 6 September 2024 (UTC)
Rewrite
I brought this to WP:FTN, but it's been sitting as-is for a long time so I figured it could use a bit of an overhaul. I don't know much about this community/scene/spiritual tradition and don't want to be too heavy handed. I spent some time going through the cited sources that were here before and removed lots of self published sources, and a few big citations weren't supported by the good sources they relied on. There's still a lot from publishing houses that specialize in fiction, but I don't want to step on toes considering the spiritual/religious elements involved here and I'm not particularly qualified to evaluate them (nor do I want to buy those books to read them). If anyone else is willing to take a look, this page seems to have pretty constant issues with IP drive-bys and WP:RS.
Any extra set of eyes would be greatly appreciated. Warrenᚋᚐᚊᚔ 11:59, 29 May 2024 (UTC)
- Thank you for bringing your experience to this and working to make this a better article. I really appreciate it. I'm going to improve the page with only the best available quality sources to support each piece of information. I've been reading through the edit history and talk pages to see what previous editors have thought of the sources. Which of the remaining sources do you consider to be low quality and why? DruryBaker (talk) 14:21, 6 September 2024 (UTC)
- That is to say, what are your own opinions on why those sources are low quality? I ask because as I'm continuing to read through this article's talk pages, I'm finding that editors have varying opinions about why they consider certain sources to be either low quality or acceptable. One problem is that this article's editors have tended to slant their assessment of the sources according to whether the editors approve or disapprove of the article's subject matter, rather than whether the sources themselves meet quality standards. I wish to assess the quality of the sources themselves, while keeping an informed but unbiased attitude toward the subject matter. Ideally, I want to eventually replace all low quality sources with high quality ones, to make this a better quality article. That's why I would appreciate your own insight into assessing those sources. DruryBaker (talk) 04:06, 7 September 2024 (UTC)
- Basically a lot of the material being used to cite this article is from Otherkin-related publishing houses. There are a fair number of high-quality sources on this topic which filter down through academia and the popular press but what this article is defaulting to citing is basically the equivalent of a D&D Players Handbook someone published under nonfiction; an enormous number of personal, uncited, hot takes being presented as “this is what the Otherkin are” and those sources being overweighted next to the sources that’d meet WP:RS. Warrenᚋᚐᚊᚔ 08:40, 7 September 2024 (UTC)
- Thanks for explaining. I can address the sourcing quality problem by citing academic sources for each of the ideas this article needs to cover, while phasing out the popular and informal sources in favor of them, until the article is nearly exclusively sourced from academic and other reliable sources. Since it's in the controversial category, it may need to be held up to stricter standards than most. I don't completely agree with your assessment of the sources, but a harsh assessment may be what's needed to improve this article to Misplaced Pages's standards. To make the article fit into those standards while covering its subject as adequately and neutrally as possible, I'm starting a new hobby of carefully reading through relevant Misplaced Pages essays and policies and 30+ academic sources on the article's subject. Thank you for how you have been watching over this article even though its subject is outside your area. Any controversial topic needs thoughtful referees. DruryBaker (talk) 06:11, 9 September 2024 (UTC)
- Basically a lot of the material being used to cite this article is from Otherkin-related publishing houses. There are a fair number of high-quality sources on this topic which filter down through academia and the popular press but what this article is defaulting to citing is basically the equivalent of a D&D Players Handbook someone published under nonfiction; an enormous number of personal, uncited, hot takes being presented as “this is what the Otherkin are” and those sources being overweighted next to the sources that’d meet WP:RS. Warrenᚋᚐᚊᚔ 08:40, 7 September 2024 (UTC)
- That is to say, what are your own opinions on why those sources are low quality? I ask because as I'm continuing to read through this article's talk pages, I'm finding that editors have varying opinions about why they consider certain sources to be either low quality or acceptable. One problem is that this article's editors have tended to slant their assessment of the sources according to whether the editors approve or disapprove of the article's subject matter, rather than whether the sources themselves meet quality standards. I wish to assess the quality of the sources themselves, while keeping an informed but unbiased attitude toward the subject matter. Ideally, I want to eventually replace all low quality sources with high quality ones, to make this a better quality article. That's why I would appreciate your own insight into assessing those sources. DruryBaker (talk) 04:06, 7 September 2024 (UTC)
Semi-protected edit request on 9 December 2024
This edit request has been answered. Set the |answered= or |ans= parameter to no to reactivate your request. |
original: The term "therian" refers to people who spiritually, physically, or psychologically identify as an animal. The species of animal a therian identifies as is called a theriotype. While therians mainly attribute their experiences of therianthropy to either spirituality or psychology, the way in which they consider their therian identity is not a defining characteristic of therianthropy. The identity "transspecies" is used by some.
changed: The term "therian" refers to people who spiritually or psychologically identify as an animal. This identity is involuntary, meaning it cannot be chosen. The animal that a therian identifies as is called a theriotype. While therians mainly attribute their experiences of therianthropy to either spirituality or psychology, the way in which they consider their therian identity is not a defining characteristic of therianthropy. The identity "transspecies" is used by some.
Reasoning:The identity is never physical and if you believe you are physically an animal then that is considered lycanthropy. Lycanthropy And therianthropy are not the same. lycanthropy refers to physically being an animal Or the delusion that you are physically that animal and therianthropy refers to psychologically or Spiritually being an animal. whether that is fully or partially. but that does not conclude spirit animals. Spirit Animals are not the same as theriotypes .I highly recommend checking out therianterritory YouTube channel for further information. FrostedMoss (talk) 05:49, 9 December 2024 (UTC)
Not done for now: please establish a consensus for this alteration before using the {{Edit semi-protected}}
template. Averixus (talk) 08:54, 9 December 2024 (UTC)
Semi-protected edit request on 15 December 2024
This edit request has been answered. Set the |answered= or |ans= parameter to no to reactivate your request. |
I’m part of the therian community, and this page has too little information as the umbrella term isn’t even “Otherkin.” Otherkin is a label under the Alterhuman Umbrella.
I want to change to page name from “Otherkin” to “Alterhumanity” and fix potential misinformation/add more information. ZephyrThFennec (talk) 20:37, 15 December 2024 (UTC)
- Not done: this is not the right page to request additional user rights. You may reopen this request with the specific changes to be made and someone may add them for you, or if you have an account, you can wait until you are autoconfirmed and edit the page yourself. You will need reliable sources to add/correct information. Additionally, requests to rename pages should be made at Misplaced Pages:Requested moves. Thank you. ObserveOwl 🎄 (talk) 20:38, 17 December 2024 (UTC)
Semi-protected edit request on 20 December 2024
This edit request has been answered. Set the |answered= or |ans= parameter to no to reactivate your request. |
Remove the link to the 'shapeshifting' page that is connected to 'therian'. TheSneakyGoose (talk) 22:06, 20 December 2024 (UTC)
- Please clarify, what link? I cannot find anything that matches this description. LizardJr8 (talk) 23:16, 20 December 2024 (UTC)
- @LizardJr8: they may be referring to the "
]
" link on the Community section. I have a slight feeling it should be removed, since the shapeshifting article has no mention of therians. I'll let you do it if you think so. ObserveOwl 🎄 (talk) 00:03, 21 December 2024 (UTC)- OK, there it is, thanks! I'm going to pass on this one as well, as it is beyond my subject matter competence. LizardJr8 (talk) 00:07, 21 December 2024 (UTC)
- I've gone ahead and removed that link. I suspect it was originally added as a link to therian, which is a DAB leading to both this article and therianthropy, which is in turn another DAB leading to shapeshifting and others. So I'm guessing someone tried to resolve it by following the DABs. But it's pretty clear that in context, the intended use is the one that actually leads back to this article, so there's no reason for it to be a link. I think this whole area needs some cleanup of DABs and redirects and article splitting and/or merging, but I can't take that on. Averixus (talk) 00:19, 21 December 2024 (UTC)
- OK, there it is, thanks! I'm going to pass on this one as well, as it is beyond my subject matter competence. LizardJr8 (talk) 00:07, 21 December 2024 (UTC)
- @LizardJr8: they may be referring to the "
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
:2
was invoked but never defined (see the help page). - Laycock, Joseph P. (2012). "We Are Spirits of Another Sort". Nova Religio: The Journal of Alternative and Emergent Religions. 15 (3): 65–90. doi:10.1525/nr.2012.15.3.65.
There is a not a finite list of Otherkin "types," but some of the most common include faeries and elves, vampires, therianthropes (individuals who identify with animals and shapeshifters), angels and demons, and "mythologicals" (legendary creatures such as dragons and phoenixes).
- Grivell, Timothy; Clegg, Helen; Roxburgh, Elizabeth C. (2014). "An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis of Identity in the Therian Community". Identity: An International Journal of Theory and Research. 14 (2). Routledge: 113–135. doi:10.1080/15283488.2014.891999. S2CID 144047707.
- Laycock, Joseph P. (2012). "We Are Spirits of Another Sort". Nova Religio: The Journal of Alternative and Emergent Religions. 15 (3): 65–90. doi:10.1525/nr.2012.15.3.65.
There is a not a finite list of Otherkin "types," but some of the most common include faeries and elves, vampires, therianthropes (individuals who identify with animals and shapeshifters), angels and demons, and "mythologicals" (legendary creatures such as dragons and phoenixes).
- Grivell, Timothy; Clegg, Helen; Roxburgh, Elizabeth C. (2014). "An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis of Identity in the Therian Community". Identity: An International Journal of Theory and Research. 14 (2). Routledge: 113–135. doi:10.1080/15283488.2014.891999. S2CID 144047707.