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{{Short description|Pashtun tribe}}
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] to the Kakazai (Loi Mamund) Pashtuns]]
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The '''Kakazai''' ({{langx|ps|]}}, ], {{langx|fa|{{Nastaliq|کاکازَئی / کَکےزَئی / کَکازَئی}}}}),<ref>
<div class="messagebox cleanup">This article needs to be ]. Please format this article according to the guidelines laid out at ].</div>]
* (Part I. North of the Kabul River, including all Mohmands, and tribes west of the Indus), published by The General Staff Army Headquarter, Calcutta, India -(Originally Published 1910) :: The ''Kakazai'' Pashtuns are mentioned on Page 22 (under ‘K’ -''Kakazai''), Page 12 (under ‘D’ -'']'' - A sub-division of Kakazai Pathans), Page 26 (under 'K' - '']'' - A sub-division of Kakazai Pathans), Page 29 (under ‘M’ -'']'', '']'' and '']'' - sub-divisions of Kakazai Pathans), Page 47 (under 'U' - '']'' - A sub-division of Kakazai Pathans) and Page 50 (under 'Y' -'']'' - A sub-division of Kakazai Pathans)
*{{usurped|1=}}- pp 86-89 & 261-262 & 310-312 (in Pashto)
*-Originally Published by Great Britain. India Office - 1898 (Page Number: 129)
*{{cite web | url=http://eprints.hec.gov.pk/7197/1/4041H.htm | title=Life and Works of Hazrat Mian Mohammad Umar Chamkani | publisher=University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan | date=1980 | access-date=September 30, 2016 | author=Hanif, Mohammad | pages=404–405}}
*قوم ککے زئی کی اصلیت، مُصنّف مولانا عبدالمجید، رسالہ افغان ککے زئی علی گڑھ ، بابتِ ماہِ نومبر ۱۹۲۸ء درج ازہدایتِ افغانی المعروف تاریخِ ککے زئی ترکانی از ہدایت اللہ سوہدری، فینسی اسٹیم پریس. وزیرآباد ۱۹۳۳ء صفحہ ۱۳۲ - ۱۴۳ (in Urdu)
*{{cite news|last=حداد فرهاد|first=ارواښاد قدرت الله |title=دهند په مغولي امپراتورۍ کې|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304054104/http://www.scprd.com/paos_show.php?id=2242|newspaper=Sapi's Center for Pashto Research & Development|date=2013-03-01|language=ps}}
* - pp ۲۱۲-۲۱۶ (in Pashto)
*{{cite news|last=افغانستاند|first=ټول|title=پښتانه څوک دی ؟ لمړۍ برخه|url=http://www.tolafghanistan.com/%D9%BE%DA%9A%D8%AA%D8%A7-%D9%86%D9%87-%DA%85%D9%88%DA%A9-%D8%AF%D9%8A/|newspaper=ددي ويبپاڼي د مضامينو بيا نشرول چه مأخذ يی ټول افغانستان ياد شي مجاز دئ|date=2013-06-23|language=ps}}</ref><ref name="AncestorDatabase" /> also known as '''Loi''', '''Loe''', or '''Loye Mamund''' ({{langx|ps|لوی ماموند}}; {{langx|ur|لو ئے / لوئی مَاموند }}), a division of the ] clan,<ref>
* (Part I. North of the Kabul River, including all Mohmands, and tribes west of the Indus), published by The General Staff Army Headquarter, Calcutta, India -(Originally Published 1910) :: The ''Kakazai'' Pashtuns are mentioned on Page 22 (under ‘K’ -''Kakazai''), Page 12 (under ‘D’ -'']'' - A sub-division of Kakazai Pathans), Page 26 (under 'K' - '']'' - A sub-division of Kakazai Pathans), Page 29 (under ‘M’ -'']'', '']'' and '']'' - sub-divisions of Kakazai Pathans), Page 47 (under 'U' - '']'' - A sub-division of Kakazai Pathans) and Page 50 (under 'Y' -'']'' - A sub-division of Kakazai Pathans)
*{{cite book|last=Churchill|first=Winston S.|title=The Story of the Malakand Field Force: An Episode of the Frontier War|year=1897|publisher=Kessinger Publishing, LLC|isbn=978-1419184109|page=91}}
*{{cite book|last=Rasheed|first=Haroon|title=History of the Pathans: The Sarabani Pathans, Vol 2|year=2002|publisher=Haroon Rashid&nbsp;— Original from the University of Michigan|asin=B00AJIRNNU|pages=257–262}}
*{{cite book|last=Noelle|first=Christine|title=State and Tribe in Nineteenth-Century Afghanistan: The Reign of Amir Dost Muhammad Khan (1826-1863)|year=1997|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-0700706297|pages=179–192}}
*{{cite book|last=A. H. McMahon and|first=A. D. G. Ramsay|title=Report on the tribes of Dir, Swat, and Bajour together with the Utman-khel and Sam Ranizai|year=1901|publisher=Saeed Book Bank, Pakistan|asin=B0006EF1OA|page=9}}</ref> are a ] tribe part of the larger ] (]) tribe<ref>
*{{cite news|last=حداد فرهاد|first=ارواښاد قدرت الله |title=دهند په مغولي امپراتورۍ کې|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304054104/http://www.scprd.com/paos_show.php?id=2242|newspaper=Sapi's Center for Pashto Research & Development|date=2013-03-01|language=ps}}
*حیاتِ افغانی، طبع اوّل، صفحہ ۲۱۳ مؤلفہ محمد حیات خان ، درج از ہدایتِ افغانی المعروف تاریخِ ککے زئی ترکانی از ہدایت اللہ سوہدری، فینسی اسٹیم پریس. وزیرآباد ۱۹۳۳ء صفحہ ۱۳۲ (in Urdu,تاریخ افاغنہ، حصہ اول، طبع دوم، صفحہ ۱۰۷ مؤلفہ شہاب الدین ثاقب، مطبوعہ حمیدیہ پریس، لاہور، درج ازہدایتِ افغانی المعروف تاریخِ ککے زئی ترکانی از ہدایت اللہ سوہدری، فینسی اسٹیم پریس. وزیرآباد ۱۹۳۳ء صفحہ ۱۳۲ (in Urdu), and قوم ککے زئی کی اصلیت، مُصنّف مولانا عبدالمجید، رسالہ افغان ککے زئی علی گڑھ ، بابتِ ماہِ نومبر ۱۹۲۸ء درج ازہدایتِ افغانی المعروف تاریخِ ککے زئی ترکانی از ہدایت اللہ سوہدری، فینسی اسٹیم پریس. وزیرآباد ۱۹۳۳ء صفحہ ۱۳۲ - ۱۴۳ (in Urdu)
*{{cite news|last=ښاد جبارخېل|first=ډاکټر قاضي.ح . |title=خپلواکي پوهنـــــــه -دپښتنو هجرتونه دلوى افغانستان دجوړېدلو لامل دى - ٣
|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304031338/http://www.scprd.com/navi_leekane_show.php?id=534|newspaper=Sapi's Center for Pashto Research & Development|date=2008-12-20|language=ps}}
*{{cite news|last=افغانستاند|first=ټول|title=پښتانه څوک دی ؟ لمړۍ برخه|url=http://www.tolafghanistan.com/%D9%BE%DA%9A%D8%AA%D8%A7-%D9%86%D9%87-%DA%85%D9%88%DA%A9-%D8%AF%D9%8A/|newspaper=ددي ويبپاڼي د مضامينو بيا نشرول چه مأخذ يی ټول افغانستان ياد شي مجاز دئ|date=2013-06-23|language=ps}}
*{{cite book|last=A. H. McMahon and|first=A. D. G. Ramsay|title=Report on the tribes of Dir, Swat, and Bajour together with the Utman-khel and Sam Ranizai|year=1901|publisher=Saeed Book Bank, Pakistan|asin=B0006EF1OA|page=9}}
*{{cite encyclopedia |year=1952 |title=Tarkanri |encyclopedia=Britannica |publisher=Encyclopædia Britannica: A New Survey of Universal Knowledge |volume=21 |location=United Kingdom |id=ASIN B004HZTLWW |page=816}}
*{{cite encyclopedia |orig-year=1952 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hMTXAAAAMAAJ |title=Tarkanri&nbsp;— Tribes, Castes and Communities |volume=3 |year=2001 |encyclopedia=Encyclopaedia of the World Muslims |publisher=Global Vision Publishing House |isbn=9788187746072 |page=1007}}
*{{cite book|last=Wylly|first=Harold Carmichael |title=From the Black Mountain to Waziristan|url=https://archive.org/details/fromblackmountai00wyll|year=1912|publisher=Macmillan Company, United Kingdom|asin=B0014IYPC6|page=}}</ref> who are primarily settled in ], Pakistan, but originally hailed from the ] of ]. However, it has grown and scattered around to such an extent that it is recognized as tribe of its own.<ref>
* Volume One published by Government Mono Type Press, Simla, India - (Originally Published 1907) :: ''Kakazai / Kakayzai'' Pathan Tribe is mentioned between Page 515- 555-You can read these volumes online, thanks to Internet Archives though their market value is around $11000 ::
*{{cite book|last=D. K. Behera (eds.)|first=G. Pfeffer & |title=The Pashtun Tribal System by Bernt Glatzer&nbsp;— Chapter 10 in: Concept of Tribal Society (Contemporary Society: Tribal Studies, Vol 5)|year=2002|publisher=Concept Publishers, New Delhi, India|isbn=9788170229834|pages=265–282}}
*{{usurped|1=}}
* (a.k.a.''"Hidayat Afghani-Tareekh-e-Kakazai ]"'' - (Originally Published May 1933 in Urdu)
*{{cite book|last=Joshi|first=Rita|title=The Afghan nobility and the Mughals: 1526-1707|year=1985|publisher=Vikas Publ. House, New Delhi, India|isbn=978-0706927528|page=9}}
*{{cite journal | last =Centre | first =Pakistan Studies | title =Grassroots |volume =15-16 | pages =74 | publisher =University of Sindh| location =Jamshoro, Sindh, Pakistan | year =1990 }}
*{{cite book|last=Mehdi|first=Rubya|title=Gender and Property Law in Pakistan: Resources and Discourses|year=2002|publisher=Vanguard|isbn=9694023696|page=181}}</ref><ref name="AncestorDatabase" />


==Etymology==
]
The name "Kakazai" means "descendants/offspring/children of ''Kaka'' (کاکا / ککا)" (in ], ''Kaka'' literally means Uncle and used to address an elderly person as well as Paternal Uncle whereas ''Kakae'' = a contemporary but obsolete Afghan name for a male.<ref name="tareekh"> (a.k.a.''"Hidayat Afghani-Tareekh-e-Kakazai ]"'' - (Originally Published May 1933 in Urdu)</ref><ref name="khanroshankhan"/><ref name="AncestorDatabase" /><ref name="latifyaad">{{usurped|1=}}- pp 86-89 & 261-262 & 310-312 (in Pashto)</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.qamosona.com//AA/g1/index.php?a=term&d=15&t=19162Pashto |title=- English Large Dictionary |access-date=14 May 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131230231959/http://www.qamosona.com//AA/g1/index.php?a=term&d=15&t=19162Pashto |archive-date=30 December 2013 |url-status=dead }}</ref> ''Zai'' ({{langx|ps|]}}, {{langx|fa|{{Nastaliq|زَئی}}}}) = ''children of'', a root also used in other ] tribes such as ]). Given that ], the father of Kakazai, had two sons: Kakazai and ] or ] ({{langx|ps| ووړ}}), meaning small, little or minor, also known as ] or ] ({{langx|ps| واړه / وړہ مَاموند }}), meaning small, little or minor ] or descendants/offspring/children of small, little, minor ], thus, in this particular case ''Kakazai'' means ''descendants/offspring/children of the elder person/brother'' hence also known as Loi Mamund ({{langx|ps|]}}; {{langx|ur|لوئی / لوئے مَاموند }}), meaning great, large, huge, big ] or descendants/offspring/children of great, large, huge, big ]. Spelling variants include: Kakizi, Kakaezai, Kakezai, Kakaizai, Kakay Zai, Kakayzai, Kakeyzai, Kaka Zai and Kakkayzai.<ref name="flickr"> online scans of Urdu text</ref><ref name="kkaziz">{{cite book|last=Aziz|first=Khursheed Kamal|title=A Journey into the Past|year=2007|publisher=Vanguard, Pakistan|isbn=978-9694024998|page=721}}</ref><ref name="henrydavies">{{cite book|last=Davies|first=Captain Henry|title=Customary law of the Gujrat district|year=1892|publisher=Civil and Military Gazette Press, British India|page=2}}</ref><ref name="report"> - Indian National Congress. Punjab Subcommittee, K. Santanam, British India, 1920 (Page Number: 290, 291)</ref>
]
]


==History==
The word "Kakay" or "Kaka" means younger/little boy and "Zai" means “offspring/children/sons of” in Pashto. So, “Kakay Zai” or “Kakazai” literally translates into English as “offspring/children/sons of little or younger” boy/brother.
===Early history===
The Kakazai, along with other ] tribes, came to ] during invasions such as those of ] and ], settling in various regions.<ref name="tareekh"/><ref name="dictionary"/><ref name="khanroshankhan">''"Tazkara"'' (also called''"Tazkira-e-pathan"''), ], pp 176-181 (in Urdu).</ref><ref name="ritajoshi">{{cite book|last=Joshi|first=Rita|title=The Afghan nobility and the Mughals: 1526-1707|year=1985|publisher=Vikas Publ. House, New Delhi, India|isbn=978-0706927528|page=9}}</ref>


Noting the martial legacy of the Kakazai ], ] in his book ''‘Tawareekh-e-Hafiz Rahmat Khani’'' (Page 89-91, originally published in 1624 AD) and ] in his book ''‘The Pathans 550 BC-AD 1957’'' (Page 184-185, first published in 1958), wrote about a battle between the ]s and the ]s in which Malik Haibu (]) was given the first sword blow by Payenda Kakazai Tarklanri but eventually got beheaded by Burhan Kakazai Tarklanri sword blow while fighting on the side of the ]s in order to aid them to conquer ] from the ]s.<ref name="khanroshankhan"/><ref name="Tawareekh-e-Rahmat">"Tawareekh-e-Hafiz Rahmat Khani" by Pir Moazzam Shah rearranged with notes by 'Roshan Khan', Published by Pashto Academy, Peshawar University (1976), (Page 89-91 - Originally Published in 1624 AD)</ref><ref name="The Pathans">The Pathans 550 BC-AD 1957 by Sir Olaf Caroe, (Page 184-185 - First published in 1958), Macmillan Company, Reprinted Oxford University Press, 2003</ref>
Kakazai/Kakay Zai/Kakayzai is an Afghan/Pathan Tribe which hailed from Laghman, Afghanistan. They came to subcontinent (today’s Pakistan, India and Bangladesh) with the Afghan invading armies like Mehmood/Mahmud Ghaznavi and later on settled in various parts of subcontinent.


For the invading armies, much of ] and other areas became a repository with rest houses, cantonments and border posts established to keep an eye on things in the region as well as to keep abreast of any new information (such as the possible weakening of another empire etc.), and many officers along with their families would settle there. As is still very true in large areas of ] and ]'s ] belt, the land is often quite barren and hostile only capable of hosting a limited population. Once the population or a tribe's numbers exceeded a certain threshold, they would often travel East to more settled areas (], ], ] etc.) or would be pushed out by other tribes in the search of productive agricultural land. The area of ] principally, as well as ], ] and parts of Lahore, had much productive agricultural lands and were ruled by a series of ] families many of whom were Kakazai but also ] and ] ].<ref name="tareekh"/><ref name="dictionary"> (Part I. North of the Kabul River, including all Mohmands, and tribes west of the Indus), published by The General Staff Army Headquarter, Calcutta, India -(Originally Published 1910) :: The ''Kakazai'' Pashtuns are mentioned on Page 22 (under ‘K’ -''Kakazai''), Page 12 (under ‘D’ -'']'' - A sub-division of Kakazai Pathans), Page 26 (under 'K' - '']'' - A sub-division of Kakazai Pathans), Page 29 (under ‘M’ -'']'', '']'' and '']'' - sub-divisions of Kakazai Pathans), Page 47 (under 'U' - '']'' - A sub-division of Kakazai Pathans) and Page 50 (under 'Y' -'']'' - A sub-division of Kakazai Pathans)</ref><ref name="khanroshankhan"/><ref name="The Pathans"/>
During independence of subcontinent, Kakazai/Kakay Zai/Kakayzai tribesmen/villagers from Gurdaspur, East Punjab (settled in twelve villages, Babal Chak, Faizullah Chak, Sut Kohiah/Satkoha, Wazir Chak .etc near Dahriwal, who used to cultivate land, but also considerable number of their young men fought in two world wars) fought bravely to aggressors. Though, initially, they were informed that their area is going to be in Pakistan making them quite relaxed, but in August 1947, they learned that their area would be a part of India. They were caught unprepared and had to face one of the biggest tragedies of the history.


===British-Raj era===
Famous Afghan/Pathan historian Khan Roshan Khan has provided some background of Kakazai/Kakezai/Kakay Zai/Kakayzai Afghan/Pathan tribe in his famous book "Tazkara." (Pages 176 - 181)
Many Kakazai, ] and other notable ] families had previously settled in ] and ] districts of Pre-independent ] where they had set up colonies. A major Kakazai group from ], ], ] settled in twelve villages, including Babal Chak, Faizullah Chak, Sut Kohiah (Satkoha), and Wazir Chak, near Dhariwal. At the ] in August 1947, having been initially told they (being Muslim) would be in ], they were caught up in the ensuing violence and the survivors displaced when their area became part of ].<ref name="henrydavies"/><ref name="report"/><ref> (PDF format)</ref><ref></ref><ref> Account of 1947 events in Gurdaspur</ref><ref name="imtiazahmed">{{cite book|last=Ahmad|first=Imtiaz|title=Caste and Social Stratification among the Muslims|year=1973|publisher=Manohor Book Service, India|asin=B0043KE1TE|pages=137, 148}}</ref><ref name="AncestorDatabase">{{cite web | url=http://www.khyber.org/tribes/web/ppl/f/b/bff7bb635f68423d08572ce3bf.shtml | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131203002059/http://www.khyber.org/tribes/web/ppl/f/b/bff7bb635f68423d08572ce3bf.shtml | url-status=usurped | archive-date=3 December 2013 | title=Ancestor Database - Kaka Zai کاکازي | publisher=Khyber Gateway - Khyber.org | access-date=September 30, 2016}}</ref><ref name="Thesis">{{cite web | url=http://eprints.hec.gov.pk/7197/1/4041H.htm | title=Life and Works of Hazrat Mian Mohammad Umar Chamkani | publisher=University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan | date=1980 | access-date=September 30, 2016 | author=Hanif, Mohammad | pages=404–405}}</ref>


===Modern era===
Today, the majority of Kakazai/Kakay Zai/Kakayzai reside in Pakistan and Afghanistan, in the areas of Lahore, Sialkot, Dera Ghazi Khan, Quetta, Karachi, Kashmir, Isa Khel, Musa Khel, Kakazai (Pishin, Bloachistan) .etc. Consequently, their spoken languages include but not limited to Pashto, Punjabi, Siriaki, Balochi .etc
Today, the majority of the Kakazai reside in Pakistan and Afghanistan.


In Afghanistan, they reside in ], and the Barkanai and Shortan areas of ]<ref name="nps">{{cite news|last=Studies center (NPS)|first=Culture and Conflict|title=Tribal Konar (Map)|url=https://nps.edu/documents/105988371/107571254/Kunar+Tribal+Map.pdf/a40becc4-2ff3-4943-93f5-6d03b7658c47|newspaper=Culture and Conflict Studies center at the United States Naval Postgraduate School|date=2024-04-17|language=en}}</ref><ref name="scprd3">{{cite news|last=خوږياڼى|first=قتيل|title=کونړ د تاريخ په اوږدو کښې|url=http://web.archive.org/web/20160303234815/http://www.scprd.com/navi_leekane_show.php?id=795|newspaper=Sapi's Center for Pashto Research & Development|date=2009-08-26|language=ps}}</ref> as well as some areas of ].<ref name="latifyaad"/>
Some Kakay Zai/Kakazai Pathans may also like to add “Malik” with their first or last name.


In Pakistan, they reside in all provinces, particularly in the areas of Dara Kakazai (Valley of Watelai, also known as ] Valley),<ref>Dara Kakazai (Valley of ] or Mamund Valley), Federally Administered Tribal Area in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province, Pakistan ::</ref> ] (], ], ], ], ] and ] areas of ]),<ref name="dunyanews">{{Cite news |title=نئے اضلاع کے انتخابی حلقے |url=http://urdu.dunyanews.tv/index.php/ur/Pakistan/501254 |access-date=2024-04-17 |language=ur}}</ref> ],<ref name="PeshawarDocumentary">{{cite AV media |people=Khawar, Farhad Ali (Writer, Research and Director) |date=3 June 2017|title=Peshawar - Cradle of Culture |medium= Documentary |language=ur |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_v6EhO_dSNE|access-date=5 June 2017 |format=mp4 |location=Peshawar, Pakistan |publisher=Department of Tourism, Sports, Culture, Archeology and Youth Affairs, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa}} </ref> ],<ref name="edwardbalfour">{{cite book|last=Balfour|first=Edward|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yvNWAAAAMAAJ |title=The Cyclopædia of India and of Eastern and Southern Asia, Third Edition|year=1885|publisher=Originally Published by Bernard Quaritch, 15 Piccadilly, London, United Kingdom|isbn=978-1130149104|page=655}}</ref><ref name="hassanmeraj">{{cite news|last=معراج|first=محمد حسن|title=گلی اور محلہ|url=http://urdu.dawn.com/2013/01/21/gali-aur-muhalla-shahidra-iii-aq/|newspaper=ڈان اردو / ڈان میڈیا گروپ|date=January 21, 2013}}</ref> ], ] (The Kakazai are still among the dominant tribes in ] despite city's cosmopolitan flavor, and are still the original owners of vast swathes of prime land in this district.),<ref name="hassanmeraj2">{{cite news|last=معراج|first=محمد حسن|title=پرسرور اور پرسو رام،|url=http://urdu.dawn.com/2012/11/05/pur-suroor-and-parsu-ram-aq/|newspaper=ڈان اردو / ڈان میڈیا گروپ|date=November 5, 2012}}</ref> ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], and ] (], ]).<ref name="latifyaad"/><ref name="report"/><ref name="mahmoodshah">{{cite book|last=Shah|first=Mahmood Ali|title=Sardari, jirga & local government systems in Balochistan|year=1994|publisher=Edara-e-Tadrees, Pakistan|asin=B0000CP59E|pages=9, 148}}</ref><ref name="biographical"> - Biographical Research Institute, Pakistan, 1961 (Page Number: 550, 906)</ref><ref name="AncestorDatabase"/><ref name="Thesis"/>
Famous Kakay Zai/Kakazai Pathans include Navab Bahadur Yar Jang and Abdullah Malik.


Consequently, the Kakazai ]s not residing in ]-speaking areas, despite practicing ] and maintaining dress, cuisine and martial legacy as per their ] traditions, do not exclusively speak ] but may speak other languages indigenous to ] such as ], ], ], ] and ].<ref name="flickr"/><ref name="khanroshankhan"/><ref name="latifyaad"/>
Other combination of spellings include:


==Sub-divisions==
<ul>
*Daulat Khel
<li>Kakezai</li>
*Khulozai
<li>Kakayzai</li>
*Mahsud Khel
<li>Kakazai</li>
*Maghdud Khel
<li>Kakay Zai</li>
*Mahmud Khel
<li>Kaka Zai</li>
*Umar Khel
</ul>
*Yusaf Khel


==See also==
<b>Notes:</b>
*]


==References==
. http://www.khyber.org/culture/names/boynames.shtml
{{Reflist|colwidth=30em}}


{{Pashtun tribes}}
. http://en.wikipedia.org/Yousafzai


{{authority control}}
. http://www.afghanan.net/pashto/pashtunwali/retrospect.htm


]
. http://en.wikipedia.org/Talk:Pashtun
]

]
. http://www.answers.com/topic/laghman-province
]

]
. http://www.cyberistan.org/misub28294445.pdf

. http://en.wikipedia.org/Mahmud_Ghaznavi

. http://www.punjabonline.com/servlet/library.history?Action=History

. http://www.mypind.com/vlgurd.htm

. http://www.unc.edu/depts/diplomat/archives_roll/2002_01-03/chester_partition/chester_partition.html

. http://zararshaheedtrust.org/incident/inside/zarar.html

<b>Sources:</b>

Various

<b>Related Link:</b>

- http://www.kakazai.com

- http://www.kakayzai.com

- “Non-Pashto Speaking Kakazai/Kakay Zai Afghan/Pathans and Pashto-Speaking ‘Real’ Afghan/Pathans”
by Ali Khan

http://www.kakazai.com/2005/07/22/non-pashto-speaking-aghanpathans-and-pashto-speaking-real-afghanpathans/

Latest revision as of 15:34, 29 October 2024

Pashtun tribe

This article may require cleanup to meet Misplaced Pages's quality standards. The specific problem is: Overuse of combined cites, separate into individual cites. Then you can merge duplicate cites. Fix red errors. Please help improve this article if you can. (November 2023) (Learn how and when to remove this message)
Read Family Tree of Kakazai Pashtun Tribe on Page 555 from "Frontier and Overseas Expeditions from India" - Published 1907 :: Courtesy: The British Library
Kakazai Pashtuns - Page 22 from "A Dictionary of the Pathan Tribes of the North West Frontier of India" - Published 1910 :: Courtesy: The British Library
Family Tree — From Qais Abdul Rashid to the Kakazai (Loi Mamund) Pashtuns
Daulat Khel, Maghdud Khel, Mahsud Khel and Mahmud Khel, Sub-divisions of Kakazai Pashtun Tribe :: Courtesy: The British Library

The Kakazai (Pashto: کاکازي / ککےزي / ککازي, Urdu, Persian: کاکازَئی / کَکےزَئی / کَکازَئی), also known as Loi, Loe, or Loye Mamund (Pashto: لوی ماموند; Urdu: لو ئے / لوئی مَاموند), a division of the Mamund clan, are a Pashtun tribe part of the larger Tarkani (ترکاڼي) tribe who are primarily settled in Bajaur Agency, Pakistan, but originally hailed from the Laghman province of Afghanistan. However, it has grown and scattered around to such an extent that it is recognized as tribe of its own.

Etymology

The name "Kakazai" means "descendants/offspring/children of Kaka (کاکا / ککا)" (in Pashto, Kaka literally means Uncle and used to address an elderly person as well as Paternal Uncle whereas Kakae = a contemporary but obsolete Afghan name for a male. Zai (Pashto: زي, Persian: زَئی) = children of, a root also used in other Pashtun tribes such as Yousafzai). Given that Mamund, the father of Kakazai, had two sons: Kakazai and Wur or Wara (Pashto: ووړ), meaning small, little or minor, also known as Wur Mamund or Wara Mamund (Pashto: واړه / وړہ مَاموند), meaning small, little or minor Mamund or descendants/offspring/children of small, little, minor Mamund, thus, in this particular case Kakazai means descendants/offspring/children of the elder person/brother hence also known as Loi Mamund (Pashto: لوی ماموند; Urdu: لوئی / لوئے مَاموند), meaning great, large, huge, big Mamund or descendants/offspring/children of great, large, huge, big Mamund. Spelling variants include: Kakizi, Kakaezai, Kakezai, Kakaizai, Kakay Zai, Kakayzai, Kakeyzai, Kaka Zai and Kakkayzai.

History

Early history

The Kakazai, along with other Pashtun tribes, came to South Asia during invasions such as those of Mahmud of Ghazni and Bahlul Lodi, settling in various regions.

Noting the martial legacy of the Kakazai Pashtuns, Pir Moazzam Shah in his book ‘Tawareekh-e-Hafiz Rahmat Khani’ (Page 89-91, originally published in 1624 AD) and Olaf Caroe in his book ‘The Pathans 550 BC-AD 1957’ (Page 184-185, first published in 1958), wrote about a battle between the Yousafzais and the Dilazaks in which Malik Haibu (Dilazak) was given the first sword blow by Payenda Kakazai Tarklanri but eventually got beheaded by Burhan Kakazai Tarklanri sword blow while fighting on the side of the Yousafzais in order to aid them to conquer Bajour from the Dilazaks.

For the invading armies, much of Punjab and other areas became a repository with rest houses, cantonments and border posts established to keep an eye on things in the region as well as to keep abreast of any new information (such as the possible weakening of another empire etc.), and many officers along with their families would settle there. As is still very true in large areas of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and Afghanistan's Pashtun belt, the land is often quite barren and hostile only capable of hosting a limited population. Once the population or a tribe's numbers exceeded a certain threshold, they would often travel East to more settled areas (Sindh, Punjab, Kashmir etc.) or would be pushed out by other tribes in the search of productive agricultural land. The area of Sialkot principally, as well as Faisalabad, Wazirabad and parts of Lahore, had much productive agricultural lands and were ruled by a series of Pashtun families many of whom were Kakazai but also Burki and Niazi Pashtuns.

British-Raj era

Many Kakazai, Burki and other notable Pashtun families had previously settled in Jalandhar and Gurdaspur districts of Pre-independent British India where they had set up colonies. A major Kakazai group from Gurdaspur, East Punjab, India settled in twelve villages, including Babal Chak, Faizullah Chak, Sut Kohiah (Satkoha), and Wazir Chak, near Dhariwal. At the independence in August 1947, having been initially told they (being Muslim) would be in Pakistan, they were caught up in the ensuing violence and the survivors displaced when their area became part of India.

Modern era

Today, the majority of the Kakazai reside in Pakistan and Afghanistan.

In Afghanistan, they reside in Marawara District, and the Barkanai and Shortan areas of Kunar as well as some areas of Laghman.

In Pakistan, they reside in all provinces, particularly in the areas of Dara Kakazai (Valley of Watelai, also known as Mamund Valley), Bajaur Agency (Lagharai, Kalozai, Kaga, Mukha, Maina and Ghakhi areas of Mamund Tehsil), Peshawar, Lahore, Abbottabad, Sialkot (The Kakazai are still among the dominant tribes in Sialkot despite city's cosmopolitan flavor, and are still the original owners of vast swathes of prime land in this district.), Dera Ghazi Khan, Quetta, Karachi, Kashmir, Jehlum, Bhalwal, Sargodha, Chakwal, Gujrat, Chak Karal, Isa Khel, Musa Khel, and Killi Kakazai (Pishin, Baluchistan).

Consequently, the Kakazai Pashtuns not residing in Pashto-speaking areas, despite practicing Pashtunwali and maintaining dress, cuisine and martial legacy as per their Pashtun traditions, do not exclusively speak Pashto but may speak other languages indigenous to Pakistan such as Urdu, Punjabi, Siraiki, Hindko and Balochi.

Sub-divisions

  • Daulat Khel
  • Khulozai
  • Mahsud Khel
  • Maghdud Khel
  • Mahmud Khel
  • Umar Khel
  • Yusaf Khel

See also

References

  2. ^ "Ancestor Database - Kaka Zai کاکازي". Khyber Gateway - Khyber.org. Archived from the original on 3 December 2013. Retrieved 30 September 2016.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
    • "A Dictionary of the Pathan Tribes of the North West Frontier of India" (Part I. North of the Kabul River, including all Mohmands, and tribes west of the Indus), published by The General Staff Army Headquarter, Calcutta, India -(Originally Published 1910) :: The Kakazai Pashtuns are mentioned on Page 22 (under ‘K’ -Kakazai), Page 12 (under ‘D’ -Daulat Khel - A sub-division of Kakazai Pathans), Page 26 (under 'K' - Khulozai - A sub-division of Kakazai Pathans), Page 29 (under ‘M’ -Maghdud Khel, Mahsud Khel and Mahmud Khel - sub-divisions of Kakazai Pathans), Page 47 (under 'U' - Umar Khel - A sub-division of Kakazai Pathans) and Page 50 (under 'Y' -Yusaf Khel - A sub-division of Kakazai Pathans)
    • Churchill, Winston S. (1897). The Story of the Malakand Field Force: An Episode of the Frontier War. Kessinger Publishing, LLC. p. 91. ISBN 978-1419184109.
    • Rasheed, Haroon (2002). History of the Pathans: The Sarabani Pathans, Vol 2. Haroon Rashid — Original from the University of Michigan. pp. 257–262. ASIN B00AJIRNNU.
    • Noelle, Christine (1997). State and Tribe in Nineteenth-Century Afghanistan: The Reign of Amir Dost Muhammad Khan (1826-1863). Routledge. pp. 179–192. ISBN 978-0700706297.
    • A. H. McMahon and, A. D. G. Ramsay (1901). Report on the tribes of Dir, Swat, and Bajour together with the Utman-khel and Sam Ranizai. Saeed Book Bank, Pakistan. p. 9. ASIN B0006EF1OA.
    • حداد فرهاد, ارواښاد قدرت الله (1 March 2013). "دهند په مغولي امپراتورۍ کې". Sapi's Center for Pashto Research & Development (in Pashto).
    • حیاتِ افغانی، طبع اوّل، صفحہ ۲۱۳ مؤلفہ محمد حیات خان ، درج از ہدایتِ افغانی المعروف تاریخِ ککے زئی ترکانی از ہدایت اللہ سوہدری، فینسی اسٹیم پریس. وزیرآباد ۱۹۳۳ء صفحہ ۱۳۲ (in Urdu,تاریخ افاغنہ، حصہ اول، طبع دوم، صفحہ ۱۰۷ مؤلفہ شہاب الدین ثاقب، مطبوعہ حمیدیہ پریس، لاہور، درج ازہدایتِ افغانی المعروف تاریخِ ککے زئی ترکانی از ہدایت اللہ سوہدری، فینسی اسٹیم پریس. وزیرآباد ۱۹۳۳ء صفحہ ۱۳۲ (in Urdu), and قوم ککے زئی کی اصلیت، مُصنّف مولانا عبدالمجید، رسالہ افغان ککے زئی علی گڑھ ، بابتِ ماہِ نومبر ۱۹۲۸ء درج ازہدایتِ افغانی المعروف تاریخِ ککے زئی ترکانی از ہدایت اللہ سوہدری، فینسی اسٹیم پریس. وزیرآباد ۱۹۳۳ء صفحہ ۱۳۲ - ۱۴۳ (in Urdu)
    • ښاد جبارخېل, ډاکټر قاضي.ح . (20 December 2008). "خپلواکي پوهنـــــــه -دپښتنو هجرتونه دلوى افغانستان دجوړېدلو لامل دى - ٣". Sapi's Center for Pashto Research & Development (in Pashto).
    • افغانستاند, ټول (23 June 2013). "پښتانه څوک دی ؟ لمړۍ برخه". ددي ويبپاڼي د مضامينو بيا نشرول چه مأخذ يی ټول افغانستان ياد شي مجاز دئ (in Pashto).
    • A. H. McMahon and, A. D. G. Ramsay (1901). Report on the tribes of Dir, Swat, and Bajour together with the Utman-khel and Sam Ranizai. Saeed Book Bank, Pakistan. p. 9. ASIN B0006EF1OA.
    • "Tarkanri". Britannica. Vol. 21. United Kingdom: Encyclopædia Britannica: A New Survey of Universal Knowledge. 1952. p. 816. ASIN B004HZTLWW.
    • "Tarkanri — Tribes, Castes and Communities". Encyclopaedia of the World Muslims. Vol. 3. Global Vision Publishing House. 2001 . p. 1007. ISBN 9788187746072.
    • Wylly, Harold Carmichael (1912). From the Black Mountain to Waziristan. Macmillan Company, United Kingdom. p. 155. ASIN B0014IYPC6.
  6. ^ "Tareekh-e-Kakazai Tarkani" (a.k.a."Hidayat Afghani-Tareekh-e-Kakazai Tarkani" - (Originally Published May 1933 in Urdu)
  7. ^ "Tazkara" (also called"Tazkira-e-pathan"), Khan Roshan khan, pp 176-181 (in Urdu).
  8. ^ پښتانه قبيلی وپېژنئ - ډاکټر لطيف ياد - خېبر وېب پاڼه- pp 86-89 & 261-262 & 310-312 (in Pashto)
  9. "- English Large Dictionary". Archived from the original on 30 December 2013. Retrieved 14 May 2013.
  10. ^ Kakezai/Kakazai Afghan/Pathan Tribe, Tazkara by Khan Roshan khan online scans of Urdu text
  11. Aziz, Khursheed Kamal (2007). A Journey into the Past. Vanguard, Pakistan. p. 721. ISBN 978-9694024998.
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  25. Dara Kakazai (Valley of Watelai or Mamund Valley), Federally Administered Tribal Area in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province, Pakistan ::
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  27. Khawar, Farhad Ali (Writer, Research and Director) (3 June 2017). Peshawar - Cradle of Culture (mp4) (Documentary) (in Urdu). Peshawar, Pakistan: Department of Tourism, Sports, Culture, Archeology and Youth Affairs, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. Retrieved 5 June 2017. Alt URL
  28. Balfour, Edward (1885). The Cyclopædia of India and of Eastern and Southern Asia, Third Edition. Originally Published by Bernard Quaritch, 15 Piccadilly, London, United Kingdom. p. 655. ISBN 978-1130149104.
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Pashtun tribes
Bettani
Ghilji
Lodi
Gharghashti
Sarbani
Durrani
Yusufzai
Other Sarbani
Karlani
Allied tribes
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