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{{Short description|1992 film by John Glen}}
{{Infobox_Film |
name = Christopher Columbus: The Discovery| {{For|the Columbus discovery of the Americas|Voyages of Christopher Columbus}}
{{EngvarB|date=September 2013}}
image = Christopher columbus the discovery.jpg|
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2024}}
caption = Original Theatrical Poster|
{{Infobox film
imdb_id = 0103962|
amg_id = 1:9587| | name = Christopher Columbus: The Discovery
| image = Christopher columbus the discovery.jpg
director = ]|
| caption = Theatrical release poster by ]
writer = ] (story)<br/>] and<br/>] and<br>] (screenplay)|
| director = ]
starring = ]<br>]<br/>]<br/>]<br/>]<br/>]<br/>]<br/>]</br>]<br/>]|
producer = ]<br>]| | screenplay = ]<br />]<br />]
music = ]| | story = Mario Puzo
editing = ]| | starring = {{Plainlist|
* ]
cinematography= ]|
* ]
distributor = ]|
* ]
released = ], ] (USA)|
* ]
runtime = 120 min. |
* ]
language = ] |
* ]}}<!--- per film poster billing block --->
budget = Unknown|
| producer = ]<br />]<ref>{{cite news|title= Columbus: A Filmmaker's Odyssey|publisher= Orlando Sentinel|url= https://www.orlandosentinel.com/1992/08/29/columbus-a-filmmakers-odyssey/|access-date=30 November 2010}}</ref>
gross = $8,251,071 (USA)
| music = ]
| editing = Matthew Glen
| cinematography = ]
| studio = Christopher Columbus Productions<br>Quinto Centenario
| distributor = ]
| released = {{Film date|1992|08|21|U.S.|1992|09|11|UK|1992|09|18|Spain|df=y}}
| runtime = 120 minutes
| language = English
| country = United States<br>United Kingdom<br>Spain
| budget = $45 million<ref>{{cite news|title= EPIC '1492' FILM CAPTURES ENERGY OF EXPLORER'S TIMES BEDEVILED VISIONARY Series: DISCOVERING COLUMBUS: 1492 – Second of Three Parts.|publisher= Morning Call|url= http://articles.mcall.com/1992-10-09/features/2893351_1_christopher-columbus-columbus-day-columbus-legend|archive-url= https://archive.today/20120707004326/http://articles.mcall.com/1992-10-09/features/2893351_1_christopher-columbus-columbus-day-columbus-legend|url-status= dead|archive-date= 7 July 2012|access-date=30 November 2010}}</ref>
| gross = $8.6 million {{small|(US/UK)}}
}} }}
'''''Christopher Columbus: The Discovery,''''' a ] film directed by James Bond alumnus ], was the last project developed by the father-and-son production team of Alexander and Ilya Salkind. It follows the events leading up to and including ] of ] to the New World in 1492. Its behind-the-scenes history, alas, involved an elaborate series of financial mishandlings which later brought about an emotional falling-out between both Alexander and Ilya; indeed, as a frustrated Alexander would later lament, in an interview with the Los Angeles Times: "I know, after this, that I'll never make movies again." ] and ], originally set to star in the picture, backed out when director ] was replaced by ] shortly before shooting began<ref>http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0001096/bio</ref>. Dalton later filed a suit against the producers for breach of contract and fraud<ref>http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0,,316103,00.html</ref>. '''''Christopher Columbus: The Discovery''''' is a 1992 ] ] directed by ]. It was the last project developed by the father and son production team of ] and ]. The film follows events after the fall of the ] (an Arab principality which was located in the south of ]), and leads up to ] of ] to the ] in 1492.


Its behind-the-scenes history involved an elaborate series of financial mishaps, which later brought about an emotional falling-out between Alexander and Ilya; as a frustrated Alexander would later lament in a November 1993 interview with the '']'', "I know, after this, that I'll never make movies again."<ref>{{cite news|title= A Family Feud in Wake of 'Columbus' : Movies: Ilya Salkind has sued Alexander, his father and producing partner, for breach of contract, fraud and racketeering.|work=Los Angeles Times|date=24 November 1993|url= https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1993-11-24-ca-60385-story.html|access-date=9 October 2010|first=Judy|last=Brennan}}</ref>
The film was released for the 500th anniversary of Columbus's voyage.


The film was released for the ] of Columbus' voyage.<ref>{{cite news|title= Christopher Columbus Sails Right Past Bankruptcy|work=Los Angeles Times|date=6 May 1992|url= https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1992-05-06-fi-1325-story.html|access-date=9 October 2010|first=David|last=Willman}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title= Can Two Columbus Projects Stay Afloat?|work=Los Angeles Times|date=15 May 1991|url= https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1991-05-15-ca-1889-story.html|access-date=9 October 2010|first=Jack|last=Mathews}}</ref> The premiere took place at almost exactly the same time as '']'', which has often led to confusion between the two films.
It won one ] '''Worst Supporting Actor''' - ], and nominated for another five, including; '''Worst Picture''', '''Worst Supporting Actor''' - ], '''Worst New Star''' - ], '''Worst Screenplay''' and '''Worst Director''' - ].


==Cast== == Plot ==
{{More plot|section|date=February 2024}}


The titular ] navigator overcomes intrigue in the court of King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella of Spain and gains financing for his expedition to the ], which eventually leads to the European discovery of the ].
*] starred as ]. He replaced ], who was originally set to play the title role.
*] received top billing for his supporting part as ] ]
*] played the part of Columbus' fiancée
*] was featured as Columbus' treacherous shipmate
*] and ] played respectively ] and ] of Spain


==See also== == Cast ==
{{castlist|
* ], another film about Columbus released in 1992.
*] as ]
* ]
*] as King ]
*] as ].
*] as Queen ].
*] as ]
*] as ]
*] as Harana
*] as Alvaro Harana
*] as King ]
*] as Vicente Pinzon
*Glyn Grain as De La Cosa
*] as Fra Perez
*] as Roldan
*] as Bives
*] as the Inquisitor's spy
*] as Indian Chieftain
*] as {{Interlanguage link|Rodrigo de Escobedo|es|lt=Escobedo}}
}}


== Production ==
{{John Glen's films}}
The initial director ] left the production due to "creative differences",<ref name="CCDiscoveryAFI">{{Cite web|title= Christopher Columbus: The Discovery|url= https://catalog.afi.com/Film/59211-CHRISTOPHER-COLUMBUSTHEDISCOVERY?sid=11895b58-d859-4788-b5fd-8cba8e8d98f1&sr=16.833239&cp=1&pos=0|access-date=2023-02-14|website=catalog.afi.com}}</ref> with Cosmatos later suing the producers for millions with the matter settled out-of-court.<ref name="ColumbusNYTImes">{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1992/01/31/style/IHT-action-columbusmovies-takeaim-at-each-other.html |title= Action! ColumbusMovies TakeAim at Each Other |work=]|date= 31 January 1992 |access-date=14 February 2023 |last1= Dupont |first1= Joan }}</ref> Cosmatos was then replaced by ] shortly before shooting began.<ref name= "ColumbusNYTImes"/> At one point during the production, the $42 million budget was being slashed with the producers considering scrapping the theatrical approach in favor of a TV miniseries. However, this was alleviated when Ilya Salkind was able to secure a budget of $50 million.<ref name= "ColumbusNYTImes "/>
{{1990s-drama-film-stub}}

==Footnotes==
===Casting===
] received $5 million for the film, and his name remains in the credits despite his request that it be removed.<ref name= "CCDiscoveryAFI "/> Following Cosmatos' departure as director, actors ] and ] soon followed suit with Dalton later filing a lawsuit against the producers for ] and fraud, stating that they did not provide a bank guarantee for his $2.5 million salary.<ref>{{cite magazine | url=http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0,,316103,00.html | magazine=Entertainment Weekly | first=Casey | last=Davidson | title=Dalton's Discovery | date=8 November 1991 | access-date=28 March 2008 | archive-date=19 October 2012 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121019205728/http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0,,316103,00.html | url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name= "CCDiscoveryAFI "/><ref name= " ColumbusNYTImes "/>

== Reception ==
The film was not a commercial success, debuting at number 4 at the US box office<ref>{{cite news|title= Weekend Box Office 'Unforgiven' at Top for Third Week|work=Los Angeles Times|date=25 August 1992|url= https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1992-08-25-ca-6052-story.html|access-date=1 December 2010|first=David J.|last=Fox}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title= Revenues of Summer Movies Never Quite Fired Up Box Office|publisher= Sun Sentinel|url= http://articles.sun-sentinel.com/1992-09-04/features/9201190510_1_batman-returns-star-vehicles-star-james-woods|access-date= 1 December 2010|archive-date= 9 June 2012|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20120609231141/http://articles.sun-sentinel.com/1992-09-04/features/9201190510_1_batman-returns-star-vehicles-star-james-woods|url-status= dead}}</ref> and grossing $8.3 million in the United States and Canada.<ref>{{Mojo title|christophercolumbus}}</ref> It grossed $500,000 in the United Kingdom.<ref>{{cite magazine|magazine=]|page=16|date=11 April 1997|title=Top 10 Rank films in UK 1992}}</ref>

The film received mostly negative reviews, with a rotten 7% rating on ] based on 29 reviews, with the website's critical consensus reading "Ironically, for a biopic about a voyage many associate with people accepting that the world is round, ''Christopher Columbus: The Discovery'' falls completely flat."<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/christopher_columbus_the_discovery|title=Christopher Columbus: The Discovery (1992)|access-date=29 March 2019|publisher=Rotten Tomatoes}}</ref> Brando's performance in particular was singled out as his "worst" by critic Paul Brenner of ArtistDirect.<ref>{{cite news|title= Christopher Columbus: The Discovery|author= Brenner, Paul|publisher= ArtistDirect|date= n.d.|url= http://www.artistdirect.com/nad/store/movies/reviews/0,,1804433,00.html}}</ref>

] agreed with this sentiment while giving the movie one out of four stars, stating "This movie takes one of history's great stories and treats it in such a lackluster manner that Columbus's voyage seems as endless to us as it did to his crew."<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/christopher-columbus-the-discovery-1992|title=Christopher Columbus: The Discovery Movie Review (1992) – Roger Ebert|first=Roger|last=Ebert|website=Rogerebert.com|access-date=29 March 2019}}</ref> It is also on his "Most Hated" list.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.rogerebert.com/rogers-journal/eberts-most-hated|title=Ebert's Most Hated – Roger Ebert's Journal – Roger Ebert|first=Roger|last=Ebert|website=Rogerebert.com|access-date=29 March 2019}}</ref>

Film historian ] declared the picture a "BOMB" (he gave '']'' an only-slightly better rating, and conveyed his sentiments with this variation on the popular rhyme: "In nineteen-hundred-and-ninety-two, Columbus sailed two screen boo-boos.")...adding that the movie was hardly ripe for re-discovery, and lamenting "Is ''this'' any way to celebrate the 500th anniversary of Europe's finding America?"<ref>Maltin's TV, Movie, & Video Guide</ref> Peter Rainer of the '']'' said "it's not politically correct. It's also not cinematically correct, humanly correct or historically correct. With one possible exception: The reconstructed versions of the ] look pretty correct—more so at least than the actors who sail them."<ref>{{cite news|title= Columbus: Adrift at Sea With No Paddle|work=Los Angeles Times|date=24 August 1992|url= https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1992-08-24-ca-5381-story.html|access-date=9 October 2010|first=Peter|last=Rainer}}</ref> ] of '']'' called the picture "expensive, sloppy and, at its most ambitious, a frail reminder of the ] swashbucklers that ] used to turn out with ]."<ref>{{cite news|title= Review/Film; It's Goodbye, Columbus, As Torquemada Waves|work= The New York Times|date=22 August 1992|url= https://movies.nytimes.com/movie/review?res=9E0CE7D71F3BF931A1575BC0A964958260|access-date=9 October 2010|first=Vincent|last=Canby}}</ref> A '']'' reviewer called the film a "characterless movie that seems to have been made for no better reason than the marketing ploy of a 500th anniversary."<ref>{{Cite news |title=Columbus As A Hollywood Hustler |work=Newsweek |url=http://www.newsweek.com/1992/09/06/columbus-as-a-hollywood-hustler.html |access-date=30 November 2010}}</ref>

Audiences surveyed by ] gave the film a grade of "C" on scale of A+ to F.<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.cinemascore.com/publicsearch/index/title/ |title= Cinemascore |url-status= dead |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20181220122629/https://www.cinemascore.com/publicsearch/index/title/ |archive-date= 2018-12-20 }}</ref>

==Lawsuits==
Director ] had considered making a Christopher Columbus movie for the Salkinds but instead opted to direct a rival project from producer ] and written by ]:'' ]''.<ref name="1492:CoPAFI">{{Cite web|title= 1492: Conquest of Paradise |url= https://catalog.afi.com/Film/59211-CHRISTOPHER-COLUMBUSTHEDISCOVERY?sid=11895b58-d859-4788-b5fd-8cba8e8d98f1&sr=16.833239&cp=1&pos=0|access-date=2023-02-14|website=catalog.afi.com}}</ref> The Salkinds filed a lawsuit against Scott, alleging that the director stole ideas from their project.<ref name= "1492:CoPAFI "/> $40 million in damages were sought, in addition to a ruling barring Scott from proceeding with the Goldman-backed film.<ref name= "1492:CoPAFI "/> Throughout November 1990, various contemporary sources pointed out that the scripts for the two projects were rumored to be quite different: Scott's "biopic" would survey twenty-three years of Columbus's life, while Salkind's "adventure-epic" would focus on the singular event of discovering the Americas in 1492.<ref name= "1492:CoPAFI "/> Six months after filing the lawsuit against Scott, the Salkinds decided to abandon it.<ref name= "1492:CoPAFI "/> Goldman and Salkind acknowledged that releasing two films on the same subject at approximately the same time could split audiences and box office returns, but with both "Columbus" pictures angling for a release date to coincide with the 500-year anniversary, the conflict seemed unavoidable.<ref name= "1492:CoPAFI "/>

In September 1994, producer Ilya Salkind, along with Ilya's wife and the film's executive producer Jane Chaplin, sued Alexander Salkind, co-producer Bob Simmonds, and other creditors for $10 million.<ref name= "CCDiscoveryAFI "/>

== Awards ==
] won the ]. ] was also nominated for Worst Supporting Actor and the film received another four ] nominations including; ], ] – ], ] – ] and ] – ].<ref>{{cite magazine|magazine=]|date=15 February 1993|title='Bodyguard' tops Razzie noms|url=https://variety.com/1993/biz/news/bodyguard-tops-razzie-noms-103983/|access-date=13 October 2019}}</ref>
At the 1992 ], it received a nomination for Worst Picture.

== Home media ==
The film was released on VHS and LaserDisc formats from ] in 1993. It has not been released on DVD in North America, but is available in other format regions on DVD.

== See also ==
{{Portal|Film}}
* '']'', another big budget, all-star epic about Columbus released in 1992.
* '']'', a comedy film about Columbus also released in 1992.
* '']'', an animated film about Columbus also released in 1992.

== References ==
{{reflist}} {{reflist}}
]
]
]
]


== External links ==
]
* {{IMDb title|0103962|Christopher Columbus: The Discovery}}
]
* {{Rotten Tomatoes|christopher_columbus_the_discovery}}


{{John Glen}}
]
{{Mario Puzo}}
]
{{Golden Raspberry Award for Worst Supporting Actor}}

{{Authority control}}

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Latest revision as of 18:06, 22 December 2024

1992 film by John Glen For the Columbus discovery of the Americas, see Voyages of Christopher Columbus.

Christopher Columbus: The Discovery
Theatrical release poster by John Alvin
Directed byJohn Glen
Screenplay byJohn Briley
Cary Bates
Mario Puzo
Story byMario Puzo
Produced byAlexander Salkind
Ilya Salkind
Starring
CinematographyAlec Mills
Edited byMatthew Glen
Music byCliff Eidelman
Production
companies		Christopher Columbus Productions
Quinto Centenario
Distributed byWarner Bros.
Release dates
  • 21 August 1992 (1992-08-21) (U.S.)
  • 11 September 1992 (1992-09-11) (UK)
  • 18 September 1992 (1992-09-18) (Spain)
Running time120 minutes
CountriesUnited States
United Kingdom
Spain
LanguageEnglish
Budget$45 million
Box office$8.6 million (US/UK)

Christopher Columbus: The Discovery is a 1992 historical adventure film directed by John Glen. It was the last project developed by the father and son production team of Alexander and Ilya Salkind. The film follows events after the fall of the Emirate of Granada (an Arab principality which was located in the south of Spain), and leads up to the voyage of Columbus to the New World in 1492.

Its behind-the-scenes history involved an elaborate series of financial mishaps, which later brought about an emotional falling-out between Alexander and Ilya; as a frustrated Alexander would later lament in a November 1993 interview with the Los Angeles Times, "I know, after this, that I'll never make movies again."

The film was released for the 500th anniversary of Columbus' voyage. The premiere took place at almost exactly the same time as 1492: Conquest of Paradise, which has often led to confusion between the two films.

Plot

This section needs an improved plot summary. Please help improve the plot summary. (February 2024) (Learn how and when to remove this message)

The titular Genoese navigator overcomes intrigue in the court of King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella of Spain and gains financing for his expedition to the West Indies, which eventually leads to the European discovery of the Americas.

Cast

Production

The initial director George P. Cosmatos left the production due to "creative differences", with Cosmatos later suing the producers for millions with the matter settled out-of-court. Cosmatos was then replaced by John Glen shortly before shooting began. At one point during the production, the $42 million budget was being slashed with the producers considering scrapping the theatrical approach in favor of a TV miniseries. However, this was alleviated when Ilya Salkind was able to secure a budget of $50 million.

Casting

Marlon Brando received $5 million for the film, and his name remains in the credits despite his request that it be removed. Following Cosmatos' departure as director, actors Timothy Dalton and Isabella Rossellini soon followed suit with Dalton later filing a lawsuit against the producers for breach of contract and fraud, stating that they did not provide a bank guarantee for his $2.5 million salary.

Reception

The film was not a commercial success, debuting at number 4 at the US box office and grossing $8.3 million in the United States and Canada. It grossed $500,000 in the United Kingdom.

The film received mostly negative reviews, with a rotten 7% rating on Rotten Tomatoes based on 29 reviews, with the website's critical consensus reading "Ironically, for a biopic about a voyage many associate with people accepting that the world is round, Christopher Columbus: The Discovery falls completely flat." Brando's performance in particular was singled out as his "worst" by critic Paul Brenner of ArtistDirect.

Roger Ebert agreed with this sentiment while giving the movie one out of four stars, stating "This movie takes one of history's great stories and treats it in such a lackluster manner that Columbus's voyage seems as endless to us as it did to his crew." It is also on his "Most Hated" list.

Film historian Leonard Maltin declared the picture a "BOMB" (he gave 1492: Conquest of Paradise an only-slightly better rating, and conveyed his sentiments with this variation on the popular rhyme: "In nineteen-hundred-and-ninety-two, Columbus sailed two screen boo-boos.")...adding that the movie was hardly ripe for re-discovery, and lamenting "Is this any way to celebrate the 500th anniversary of Europe's finding America?" Peter Rainer of the Los Angeles Times said "it's not politically correct. It's also not cinematically correct, humanly correct or historically correct. With one possible exception: The reconstructed versions of the Nina, Pinta and Santa Maria look pretty correct—more so at least than the actors who sail them." Vincent Canby of The New York Times called the picture "expensive, sloppy and, at its most ambitious, a frail reminder of the Warner Brothers swashbucklers that Michael Curtiz used to turn out with Errol Flynn." A Newsweek reviewer called the film a "characterless movie that seems to have been made for no better reason than the marketing ploy of a 500th anniversary."

Audiences surveyed by CinemaScore gave the film a grade of "C" on scale of A+ to F.

Lawsuits

Director Ridley Scott had considered making a Christopher Columbus movie for the Salkinds but instead opted to direct a rival project from producer Alain Goldman and written by Roselyne Bosch: 1492: Conquest of Paradise. The Salkinds filed a lawsuit against Scott, alleging that the director stole ideas from their project. $40 million in damages were sought, in addition to a ruling barring Scott from proceeding with the Goldman-backed film. Throughout November 1990, various contemporary sources pointed out that the scripts for the two projects were rumored to be quite different: Scott's "biopic" would survey twenty-three years of Columbus's life, while Salkind's "adventure-epic" would focus on the singular event of discovering the Americas in 1492. Six months after filing the lawsuit against Scott, the Salkinds decided to abandon it. Goldman and Salkind acknowledged that releasing two films on the same subject at approximately the same time could split audiences and box office returns, but with both "Columbus" pictures angling for a release date to coincide with the 500-year anniversary, the conflict seemed unavoidable.

In September 1994, producer Ilya Salkind, along with Ilya's wife and the film's executive producer Jane Chaplin, sued Alexander Salkind, co-producer Bob Simmonds, and other creditors for $10 million.

Awards

Tom Selleck won the Golden Raspberry Award for Worst Supporting Actor. Marlon Brando was also nominated for Worst Supporting Actor and the film received another four Golden Raspberry Award nominations including; Worst Picture, Worst Director – John Glen, Worst New Star – Georges Corraface and Worst Screenplay – Mario Puzo. At the 1992 Stinkers Bad Movie Awards, it received a nomination for Worst Picture.

Home media

The film was released on VHS and LaserDisc formats from Warner Home Video in 1993. It has not been released on DVD in North America, but is available in other format regions on DVD.

See also

References

  1. "Columbus: A Filmmaker's Odyssey". Orlando Sentinel. Retrieved 30 November 2010.
  2. "EPIC '1492' FILM CAPTURES ENERGY OF EXPLORER'S TIMES BEDEVILED VISIONARY Series: DISCOVERING COLUMBUS: 1492 – Second of Three Parts". Morning Call. Archived from the original on 7 July 2012. Retrieved 30 November 2010.
  3. Brennan, Judy (24 November 1993). "A Family Feud in Wake of 'Columbus' : Movies: Ilya Salkind has sued Alexander, his father and producing partner, for breach of contract, fraud and racketeering". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 9 October 2010.
  4. Willman, David (6 May 1992). "Christopher Columbus Sails Right Past Bankruptcy". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 9 October 2010.
  5. Mathews, Jack (15 May 1991). "Can Two Columbus Projects Stay Afloat?". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 9 October 2010.
  6. ^ "Christopher Columbus: The Discovery". catalog.afi.com. Retrieved 14 February 2023.
  7. ^ Dupont, Joan (31 January 1992). "Action! ColumbusMovies TakeAim at Each Other". The New York Times. Retrieved 14 February 2023.
  8. Davidson, Casey (8 November 1991). "Dalton's Discovery". Entertainment Weekly. Archived from the original on 19 October 2012. Retrieved 28 March 2008.
  9. Fox, David J. (25 August 1992). "Weekend Box Office 'Unforgiven' at Top for Third Week". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 1 December 2010.
  10. "Revenues of Summer Movies Never Quite Fired Up Box Office". Sun Sentinel. Archived from the original on 9 June 2012. Retrieved 1 December 2010.
  11. Christopher Columbus: The Discovery at Box Office Mojo
  12. "Top 10 Rank films in UK 1992". Screen International. 11 April 1997. p. 16.
  13. "Christopher Columbus: The Discovery (1992)". Rotten Tomatoes. Retrieved 29 March 2019.
  14. Brenner, Paul (n.d.). "Christopher Columbus: The Discovery". ArtistDirect.
  15. Ebert, Roger. "Christopher Columbus: The Discovery Movie Review (1992) – Roger Ebert". Rogerebert.com. Retrieved 29 March 2019.
  16. Ebert, Roger. "Ebert's Most Hated – Roger Ebert's Journal – Roger Ebert". Rogerebert.com. Retrieved 29 March 2019.
  17. Maltin's TV, Movie, & Video Guide
  18. Rainer, Peter (24 August 1992). "Columbus: Adrift at Sea With No Paddle". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 9 October 2010.
  19. Canby, Vincent (22 August 1992). "Review/Film; It's Goodbye, Columbus, As Torquemada Waves". The New York Times. Retrieved 9 October 2010.
  20. "Columbus As A Hollywood Hustler". Newsweek. Retrieved 30 November 2010.
  21. "Cinemascore". Archived from the original on 20 December 2018.
  22. ^ "1492: Conquest of Paradise". catalog.afi.com. Retrieved 14 February 2023.
  23. "'Bodyguard' tops Razzie noms". Variety. 15 February 1993. Retrieved 13 October 2019.

External links

Films directed by John Glen
Mario Puzo
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Non-fiction
Miniseries adaptations
Golden Raspberry Award for Worst Supporting Actor
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