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| The '''Academic Gymnasium Danzig''' ({{lang-de|Akademisches Gymnasium Danzig}}) was a school in the city of ] (Gdansk) that operated from ] ] to March ]. It had the character of a university for most of its existence. Since the 19th century its name was ''Städtisches Gymnasium Danzig'', in contrast to the (royal) ''Königliches Gymnasium''. | |||
| | name = Academic Gymnasium Danzig | |||
| | image = AkademischesGymnasiumDanzig.jpg | |||
| | caption = Academic Gymnasium Danzig<br>(painting by {{Ill|Leopold von Winter|de}}) | |||
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| | established = 1558 | |||
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| | city = ] | |||
| | state = | |||
| | country = ] | |||
| | campus = ] | |||
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| The '''Academic Gymnasium Danzig''' ({{langx|de|Akademisches Gymnasium Danzig}}, {{langx|pl|Gdańskie Gimnazjum Akademickie}}, ]: ''Gymnasium Dantiscanum'') was a school founded in ], ]. It was founded in 1558 by ] (1512–1565), who had previously worked at schools in ] and ] until Catholic ] ] closed them. For most of its existence it had a character similar to that of a university. | |||
| ==History== | |||
| PErsosn connected to it were, among others, ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ]. | |||
| It was in operation as educational gymnasium for ] clergy until 1817.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://encyklopedia.pwn.pl/haslo/Gdanskie-Gimnazjum-Akademickie;3904558.html|title=Gdańskie Gimnazjum Akademickie - Encyklopedia PWN - źródło wiarygodnej i rzetelnej wiedzy|website=encyklopedia.pwn.pl|language=pl|access-date=2019-01-03}}</ref> It was one of the most developed educational centers in the ].<ref name=":0" /> It also was the site of Collegium Medicum-one of the first associations of doctors in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth.<ref name=":0" /> | |||
| In the 16th century, as many cities in the Polish province of ] became ], the population began to seek a Lutheran education. The ] in neighbouring ], founded in 1544, was not big enough to educate all the new Protestant clerics and administrators needed for the newly Lutheran state in addition to arrivals from other parts of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, so local Latin schools in the Commonwealth were upgraded. The future home of the Gymnasium would be the former ] monastery turned into a school. In 1539, a ''Schola Dantiscana''<ref>Reinhard Golz, Wolfgang Mayrhofer: ''Luther and Melanchthon in the Educational Thought of Central and Eastern Europe'', 1998, {{ISBN|3-8258-3490-5}} </ref> program was started by ]. In 1558 ] founded a secular gymnasium that would become the Academic Gymnasium Danzig. ] (1531–1594), from the ], was made the first rector, but due to the theological conflicts between ] and ], he soon left. | |||
| In 1580, the school received the title Academic Gymnasium. Along with similar schools in ] and ], the gymnasium transformed the province of Royal Prussia into a center of classical studies in the 16th century.<ref>''Urban Latin schools were remodelled into institutions of higher learning; from the middle of the sixteenth century, the three academic Gymnasia in Danzig, Thorn and Elbing transformed Royal Prussia into a centre of classical studies'' - ]: ''The Other Prussia: Royal Prussia, Poland and Liberty, 1569-1772'' </ref> The university ambitions of the Gymnasium can be proved by the fact that in 1580-1611 the following chairs were created: theology, philosophy, law and history, rhetoric, mathematics, medicine with anatomy, Greek, Hebrew and oriental languages. In 1589 a Polish language course was created.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.gedanopedia.pl/index.php?title=GIMNAZJUM_AKADEMICKIE|title=GIMNAZJUM AKADEMICKIE – Encyklopedia Gdańska|website=www.gedanopedia.pl|access-date=2019-01-03}}</ref> | |||
| In 1817, after the ], when Gdańsk became part of the ], the municipal gymnasium was founded and named ''Städtisches Gymnasium Danzig'' (City High School of Danzig), in contrast to the earlier (royal) ''Königliches Gymnasium''. The Academic Gymnasium Danzig was in operation until March 1945, when Danzig fell to the ]. Subsequently, the city as ], became again part of Poland. | |||
| ==Notable people== | |||
| Notable lecturers of the Academic Gymnasium include ], ], ], {{ill|Jan Schultz-Szulecki|pl}}, ], ] (Hanovius), ], {{ill|Paweł Świetlicki|pl}}, {{ill|Joachim Pastorius|pl}}, {{ill|Paweł Pater|pl}}. Among its students and alumni were ], ], ], ], ], {{ill|Zbigniew Gorajski|pl}}, ], {{ill|Paweł Świetlicki|pl}}, {{ill|Wawrzyniec Gabler|pl}}, {{ill|Márton Szepsi Csombor|hu|Szepsi Csombor Márton}}. | |||
| In June 2008, the National Museum in Gdańsk unveiled a memorial table dedicated to Academic Gymnasium to mark the 450th anniversary of its founding.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.sprawynauki.edu.pl/?section=article&art_id=2721|title=Aktualności|website=www.sprawynauki.edu.pl}}</ref> | |||
| ==Rectors== | |||
| ⚫ | Rectors of Akademic Gymnasium Danzig: | ||
| First rector ] ], advisor ] | |||
| *1580-1629 ] | |||
| *1602-1609 ]- co-rector with Fabritius | |||
| *1631-1643 ] | |||
| *1643-1650 ] | |||
| *1651-1669 ] | |||
| *1670-1682 ] | |||
| *1685-1715 ] | |||
| *1717- ] (Hanovious) | |||
| *1717-1730 ] | |||
| *1732-1752 ] | |||
| *1753-1769 ] | |||
| *1770-1794 ] | |||
| *1799-1809 Daniel Gralath ? relative of ] | |||
| *1810-1811 ] | |||
| *1812-1813 ] | |||
| *1814-1817 ] | |||
| <!-- | <!-- | ||
| Am Anfang wurde der Schulbetrieb im Gebäude des aufgelösten ]klosters als ] mit zunächst einem Rektor und drei Professoren aufgenommen. Ziel war die Ausbildung der evangelischen Geistlichkeit für diese Region. Der erste Rektor war der |
Am Anfang wurde der Schulbetrieb im Gebäude des aufgelösten ]klosters als ] mit zunächst einem Rektor und drei Professoren aufgenommen. Ziel war die Ausbildung der evangelischen Geistlichkeit für diese Region. Der erste Rektor war der Humanist ], den ] beriet. Ende des 16. Jahrhunderts waren sechs Professoren tätig, darunter ]. Rektor von 1580 bis 1629 war der Theologe und Pastor der Trinitatiskirche ], der die Schülerzahl vorübergehend auf über 100 steigerte. Sein Konrektor ab 1602 war der Philosoph ]. In dieser Zeit herrschte die ]e Konfession vor, unter teilweise gewaltsamem Missfallenskundgebungen der lutherischen Stadtbevölkerung. Die Schule hatte im 17. und 18. Jahrhundert eine bedeutende Stellung für den Ostseeraum, der Astronom ] und die späteren Dichter ] und ] studierten hier u. a. bei ]. Das Gymnasium zog Schüler und Studenten von weit her an. Unter den Rektoren ] (1631-1643) und ] (1643-1650) setzten sich wieder die Lutheraner durch. Im 18. Jahrhundert zeigte sich auch der ] am Gymnasium, den der Rektor und Pastor ] (1643-1715) intensiv, doch vergebens bekämpft hatte. Der Historiker ] leitete die Schule ab 1717, der Historiker ] wirkte als aufgeklärter Pionier für die polnische Geschichtsschreibung. | ||
| 1817 erfolgte die Umwandlung in ein preußisches ], zu dessen Schülern u. a. der Satiriker ], der Psychologe und Gegner wissenschaftlicher Lehrerbildung ] sowie der Soziologe ] zählten. |
1817 erfolgte die Umwandlung in ein preußisches ], zu dessen Schülern u. a. der Satiriker ], der Psychologe und Gegner wissenschaftlicher Lehrerbildung ] sowie der Soziologe ] zählten. | ||
| Bis zur Eroberung durch die ] im März 1945 wurde Unterricht gehalten. Das von ] 1835-1837 geplante Gebäude am Winterplatz (vorher: Buttermarkt, heute: ''targ maslany'') ist noch erhalten. | Bis zur Eroberung durch die ] im März 1945 wurde Unterricht gehalten. Das von ] 1835-1837 geplante Gebäude am Winterplatz (vorher: Buttermarkt, heute: ''targ maslany'') ist noch erhalten. | ||
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| *]: St. Petri-Schule; | *]: St. Petri-Schule; | ||
| *] in ], ] (], vorher in Jenkau, seit 1900 in Langfuhr).--> | *] in ], ] (], vorher in Jenkau, seit 1900 in Langfuhr).--> | ||
| ==References== | |||
| {{Reflist}} | |||
| ==Literature== | ==Literature== | ||
| *L.Mokrzecki: Studium z dziejów nauczania historii. Rozwój dydaktyki przedmiotu w Gdańskim Gimnazjum Akademickim do schyłku XVII, Gdańsk 1973 | |||
| * Sven Tode: Bildung und Wissenskultur der Geistlichkeit im Danzig der Frühen Neuzeit, in: Bildung und Konfession, hg. v. H.J. Selderhuis/ M. Wriedt, Siebeck Mohr Tübingen 2006, S. 61 ff. ISBN |
* Sven Tode: Bildung und Wissenskultur der Geistlichkeit im Danzig der Frühen Neuzeit, in: Bildung und Konfession, hg. v. H.J. Selderhuis/ M. Wriedt, Siebeck Mohr Tübingen 2006, S. 61 ff. {{ISBN|3-16-148931-4}} | ||
| * Martin Brecht u.a. (Hg.): Geschichte des Pietismus, Bd. I., Göttingen 1993 ISBN |
* Martin Brecht u.a. (Hg.): Geschichte des Pietismus, Bd. I., Göttingen 1993 {{ISBN|3-525-55343-9}} | ||
| * Siegfried Wollgast: Philosophie in Deutschland zwischen Reformation und Aufklärung 1550-1650, Akademie-Verlag Berlin 1993 ISBN |
* Siegfried Wollgast: Philosophie in Deutschland zwischen Reformation und Aufklärung 1550-1650, Akademie-Verlag Berlin 1993 {{ISBN|3-05-002099-7}} | ||
| * 425 Jahre Städtisches Gymnasium Danzig. 1558 - 1983. Gedenkschrift für die Ehemaligen und Freunde der Schule, hg. v. Bernhard Schulz, Gernsbach 1983 | * 425 Jahre Städtisches Gymnasium Danzig. 1558 - 1983. Gedenkschrift für die Ehemaligen und Freunde der Schule, hg. v. Bernhard Schulz, Gernsbach 1983 | ||
| * Reinhard Golz, Wolfgang Mayrhofer: ''Luther and Melanchthon in the Educational Thought of Central and Eastern Europe'', 1998, {{ISBN|3-8258-3490-5}} | |||
| == |
==External links== | ||
| * {{Commonscatinline}} | |||
| * mit | * mit | ||
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| {{DEFAULTSORT:Danzig, Academic Gymnasium}} | |||
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Latest revision as of 02:08, 24 October 2024
School in Gdańsk, Poland| Academic Gymnasium Danzig | |
|---|---|
 Academic Gymnasium Danzig(painting by Leopold von Winter [de]) | |
| Location | |
| Gdańsk Poland | |
| Information | |
| Established | 1558 |
| Campus | Urban |
The Academic Gymnasium Danzig (German: Akademisches Gymnasium Danzig, Polish: Gdańskie Gimnazjum Akademickie, Latin: Gymnasium Dantiscanum) was a school founded in Gdańsk, Poland. It was founded in 1558 by Johann Hoppe (1512–1565), who had previously worked at schools in Kulm and Elbing until Catholic Prince-Bishop Stanislaus Hosius closed them. For most of its existence it had a character similar to that of a university.
History
It was in operation as educational gymnasium for Lutheran clergy until 1817. It was one of the most developed educational centers in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. It also was the site of Collegium Medicum-one of the first associations of doctors in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth.
In the 16th century, as many cities in the Polish province of Royal Prussia became Lutheran, the population began to seek a Lutheran education. The University of Königsberg in neighbouring Ducal Prussia, founded in 1544, was not big enough to educate all the new Protestant clerics and administrators needed for the newly Lutheran state in addition to arrivals from other parts of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, so local Latin schools in the Commonwealth were upgraded. The future home of the Gymnasium would be the former Franciscan monastery turned into a school. In 1539, a Schola Dantiscana program was started by Andreas Aurifaber. In 1558 Johann Hoppe founded a secular gymnasium that would become the Academic Gymnasium Danzig. Achatius Curaeus (1531–1594), from the University of Wittenberg, was made the first rector, but due to the theological conflicts between Gnesio-Lutherans and Philippists, he soon left.
In 1580, the school received the title Academic Gymnasium. Along with similar schools in Elbląg and Toruń, the gymnasium transformed the province of Royal Prussia into a center of classical studies in the 16th century. The university ambitions of the Gymnasium can be proved by the fact that in 1580-1611 the following chairs were created: theology, philosophy, law and history, rhetoric, mathematics, medicine with anatomy, Greek, Hebrew and oriental languages. In 1589 a Polish language course was created.
In 1817, after the Partitions of Poland, when Gdańsk became part of the Kingdom of Prussia, the municipal gymnasium was founded and named Städtisches Gymnasium Danzig (City High School of Danzig), in contrast to the earlier (royal) Königliches Gymnasium. The Academic Gymnasium Danzig was in operation until March 1945, when Danzig fell to the Red Army. Subsequently, the city as Gdańsk, became again part of Poland.
Notable people
Notable lecturers of the Academic Gymnasium include Bartholomäus Keckermann, Peter Crüger, Krzysztof Celestyn Mrongovius, Jan Schultz-Szulecki [pl], Abraham Calovius, Michael Christoph Hanow (Hanovius), Gottfried Lengnich, Paweł Świetlicki [pl], Joachim Pastorius [pl], Paweł Pater [pl]. Among its students and alumni were Johannes Hevelius, Andreas Gryphius, Gottfried Lengnich, Hugo Münsterberg, Daniel Gralath, Zbigniew Gorajski [pl], Christian Hoffmann von Hoffmannswaldau, Paweł Świetlicki [pl], Wawrzyniec Gabler [pl], Márton Szepsi Csombor [hu].
In June 2008, the National Museum in Gdańsk unveiled a memorial table dedicated to Academic Gymnasium to mark the 450th anniversary of its founding.
Rectors
Rectors of Akademic Gymnasium Danzig:
First rector Humanist Achatius Curaeus, advisor Johann Hoppe
- 1580-1629 Jacob Fabritius
- 1602-1609 Bartholomäus Keckermann- co-rector with Fabritius
- 1631-1643 Johann Botsack
- 1643-1650 Abraham Calov
- 1651-1669 Johann Maukisch
- 1670-1682 Aegidius Strauch
- 1685-1715 Samuel Schelwig
- 1717- Michael Christoph Hanow (Hanovious)
- 1717-1730 Johann Georg Abicht
- 1732-1752 Albert Menon Verpoorten
- 1753-1769 Ernst August Bertling
- 1770-1794 Wilhelm Paul Verpoorten
- 1799-1809 Daniel Gralath ? relative of Daniel Gralath
- 1810-1811 Friedrich Theodor Rinck
- 1812-1813 Nicolaus Gottfried Eckermann
- 1814-1817 Christian Gottfried Ewerbeck
References
- ^ "Gdańskie Gimnazjum Akademickie - Encyklopedia PWN - źródło wiarygodnej i rzetelnej wiedzy". encyklopedia.pwn.pl (in Polish). Retrieved 2019-01-03.
- Reinhard Golz, Wolfgang Mayrhofer: Luther and Melanchthon in the Educational Thought of Central and Eastern Europe, 1998, ISBN 3-8258-3490-5
- Urban Latin schools were remodelled into institutions of higher learning; from the middle of the sixteenth century, the three academic Gymnasia in Danzig, Thorn and Elbing transformed Royal Prussia into a centre of classical studies - Karin Friedrich: The Other Prussia: Royal Prussia, Poland and Liberty, 1569-1772
- "GIMNAZJUM AKADEMICKIE – Encyklopedia Gdańska". www.gedanopedia.pl. Retrieved 2019-01-03.
- "Aktualności". www.sprawynauki.edu.pl.
Literature
- L.Mokrzecki: Studium z dziejów nauczania historii. Rozwój dydaktyki przedmiotu w Gdańskim Gimnazjum Akademickim do schyłku XVII, Gdańsk 1973
- Sven Tode: Bildung und Wissenskultur der Geistlichkeit im Danzig der Frühen Neuzeit, in: Bildung und Konfession, hg. v. H.J. Selderhuis/ M. Wriedt, Siebeck Mohr Tübingen 2006, S. 61 ff. ISBN 3-16-148931-4
- Martin Brecht u.a. (Hg.): Geschichte des Pietismus, Bd. I., Göttingen 1993 ISBN 3-525-55343-9
- Siegfried Wollgast: Philosophie in Deutschland zwischen Reformation und Aufklärung 1550-1650, Akademie-Verlag Berlin 1993 ISBN 3-05-002099-7
- 425 Jahre Städtisches Gymnasium Danzig. 1558 - 1983. Gedenkschrift für die Ehemaligen und Freunde der Schule, hg. v. Bernhard Schulz, Gernsbach 1983
- Reinhard Golz, Wolfgang Mayrhofer: Luther and Melanchthon in the Educational Thought of Central and Eastern Europe, 1998, ISBN 3-8258-3490-5 Luther and Melanchthon in the Educational Thought of Central and Eastern Europe
External links
Media related to Academic Gymnasium in Gdańsk at Wikimedia Commons- Leopold von Winter mit Building at the Danzig Wintermarkt, 19th century
