House of Braganza-Saxe-Coburg and Gotha: Difference between revisions

Browse history interactively ← Previous editContent deleted Content addedVisual WikitextInline

Revision as of 11:46, 25 September 2008 edit84.90.92.195 (talk) Please, do not comit vandalism! The post-monarchy claimants should be mentioned.← Previous edit		Latest revision as of 01:33, 5 November 2024 edit undoAnomieBOT (talk \| contribs)Bots6,562,692 editsm Dating maintenance tags: {{Fact}}
(313 intermediate revisions by more than 100 users not shown)
Line 1:		Line 1:
			{{Short description\|Former Royal House of Portugal}}
	{{Royal house\|
	\| ~~surname~~ = ~~House of Braganza-~~Saxe-Coburg and ~~Gotha~~		{{not to be confused\|Saxe-Coburg and Braganza branch}}
			{{Royal house
	\| estate =
	\| ~~parent house~~ = ]		\|name=House of Braganza-Saxe-Coburg and Gotha<br/>''Casa de Bragança-Saxe-Coburgo-Gota''
			\|parent house={{ubl\|] (])\|] (])}}
	\| coat of arms = ]
			\|coat of arms=]
	\| country = ]
	\| ~~titles~~ = ]		\|country=], ],
			]
	\| current head = Extinct
			\|titles={{Collapsible list
	\| founder = ] and ]
	\| ~~final ruler =~~ ]		\|]
			\|]
	\| founding year = ] ]
			\|]
	\| deposition =] ]
			\|]
	\| nationality = ]
			\|]
			\|]
			\|]
			\|]
			\|]
			\|]
			\|]
			\|]
			\|]
			\|]
			\|]
			\|]
			\|]
			\|]
			\|]}}
			\|dissolution=2 July 1932 (death of Manuel II)
			\|founder={{ubl\|]\|]}}
			\|final ruler=]
			\|founding year=9 April 1836
			\|deposition=]

	}}		}}

	The '''House of Braganza-Saxe-Coburg and Gotha'''<ref name=adg/> (also known as the '''House of Braganza-Coburg'''<ref>
			The '''House of Braganza-Saxe-Coburg and Gotha'''<ref name=adg/> (also known as the '''House of Saxe-Coburg-Braganza''' or the '''Constitutional Branch of the Braganzas''')<ref>
	{{cite book \|last=Maclagan \|first=Michael \|others=Tables by Jiri Louda \|title=Lines of Succession \|year=2002 \|publisher=] \|isbn=0316724289 \|pages=187 }}</ref> or '''Braganza-Wettin''') was a branch of the ] that ruled the ] from 1853 until the declaration of the republic in 1910.
			{{cite book \|last=Maclagan \|first=Michael \|others=Tables by Jiri Louda \|title=Lines of Succession \|year=2002 \|publisher=] \|isbn=0-316-72428-9 \|page=187 }}</ref> is a term used to categorize the last four rulers of the ], and their families, from 1853 until the ]. Its name derives from the four kings descended in a patrilineal line from King ] (of the ]) and in a matrilineal line from Queen ] (of the ]).

			The designation ''Braganza-Saxe-Coburg and Gotha'' is prevalent mainly in the writings of non-Portuguese historians and genealogists, as European custom classifies a descendant branch on the basis of patrilineal descent, which means that the House of Braganza-Saxe-Coburg and Gotha is a cadet branch of the House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha-Koháry.

			Nonetheless, the 1838 Portuguese constitution stated that the House of Braganza was the ruling house of Portugal, by way of Queen Maria II, and her descendants still continued to style themselves as members of the House of Braganza, as opposed to Saxe-Coburg-Braganza.<ref> p. Title 1, Chapter 1, Article 5.</ref> With the death of King Manuel II without legitimate issue in 1932, the dynasty became extinct.<ref name=adg>{{cite book \|title=] \|edition=175th \|year=1938 \|publisher=] \|page=112}}</ref>

	==History==		==History==
	The royal house was founded by ] who on ] ] married ~~Queen~~ ] ~~from~~ the ]. Members of the royal house held the ~~titles~~ Infante/Infanta of Portugal and Duke/Duchess of Saxony.<ref>{{cite book \|title=] \|edition=146th \|year=1909 \|publisher=] \|~~pages~~=66}}</ref> On ] ] Queen Maria II died and her eldest son succeeded to the throne as ], the first king of the Braganza-Saxe-Coburg and Gotha dynasty.		The royal house was founded by ], who on 9 April 1836 married ]. Members of the royal house held the Portuguese title of ''Infante/Infanta of Portugal'', as well as the German titles of ''Prince/ss of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha'' and ''Duke/Duchess of ]''.<ref>{{cite book \|title=] \|edition=146th \|year=1909 \|publisher=] \|page=66}}</ref> On 15 November 1853, Queen Maria II died, and her eldest son succeeded to the throne as ], the first king of the Braganza-Saxe-Coburg and Gotha dynasty.

	The dynasty ~~would remain~~ on the throne until the outbreak in Portugal of the ] when ~~the~~ King ] was deposed and the ] established. Manuel II went into exile ~~and with his death on~~ ] ] the House of Braganza-Saxe-Coburg and Gotha became extinct.<ref name=adg>{{cite book \|title=] \|edition=175th \|year=1938 \|publisher=] \|pages=112}}</ref> Before his death Manuel II supposedly was reconciled with the rival ] branch of the ] who had claimed the Portuguese throne since 1834 in opposition to the Braganza-Saxe-Coburg and Gotha dynasty. However, ~~with his death in 1932, the claim to the throne of Portugal passed to the pretenders~~ ] ~~and ].<ref>{{cite~~ ~~news \|title=Monarchist Breach Closed In Portugal \|publisher=] \|page=N1 \|date=] }}</ref><ref>{{cite news \|title=Successor Expects Throne \|publisher=New York Times \|page=19 \|date=] }}</ref>~~		The dynasty remained on the throne until the outbreak in Portugal of the ] when King ] was deposed and the ] was established. Manuel II went into exile in ], ], where he died on 2 July 1932.

			===Modern claims===
	Today the descendants of Princess Theresa of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (1902-1990) who was a granddaughter of ] from the House of Braganza carry the surname ''Tasso de Saxe-Coburgo e Bragança''.<ref>{{cite book \|last=McNaughton \|first=Arnold \|title=The Book of Kings: A Royal Genealogy \|year=1973 \|publisher=Garnstone Press \|pages=368 }}</ref> The ''Saxe-Coburgo-Bragança'' name was also used by ], a lady who claimed to be an ] daughter of King ].
			Before his death in 1932, King Manuel II had been in negotiations with the rival ] branch of the ], who had claimed the Portuguese throne since 1834, in opposition to the Braganza-Saxe-Coburg and Gotha dynasty. On the King's death, the claim to the defunct throne of Portugal passed to Miguelist descendant ].<ref>{{cite news \|title=Monarchist Breach Closed In Portugal \|work = ] \|page=N1 \|date=1930-05-18 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news \|title=Successor Expects Throne \|work = The New York Times \|page=19 \|date=1932-07-06 }}</ref>

			In 1932, a woman known as ]<ref>"Princess Maria Pia of Saxe-Coburg, duchess of Braganza" in CHILCOTE, Ronald H.; ''The Portuguese Revolution: State and Class in the Transition to Democracy'', page 37. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers; Reprint edition (August 31, 2012).</ref><ref>''"...Her Royal Highness D. Maria Pia of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha Braganza, the Crown Princess of Portugal"'' in Jean Pailler; ''Maria Pia of Braganza: The Pretender''. New York: ProjectedLetters, 2006;</ref> claimed to be the illegitimate daughter of King ] and claimed the right to the titles of ] and to be the rightful ].<ref>Jean Pailler; ''Maria Pia of Braganza: The Pretender''. New York: ProjectedLetters, 2006.</ref> Maria Pia claimed that King Carlos I legitimized her through a royal decree and placed her in the line of succession, however no proof was presented to demonstrate this and the King similarly did not have the personal authority to do so. Maria Pia's paternity was never proven and her claim not widely accepted.
	==Rulers==
	*] (1853-1861)
	*] (1861-1889)
	*] (1889-1908)
	*] (1908-1910)

			], Head of the Royal House of Saxony is another possible candidate to be the heir of the House of Braganza-Saxe-Coburg and Gotha.{{fact\|date=November 2024}}
	==Post-monarchy claimants==

	*] (1932-1987)
			==Rulers==
	*] (1987-present)
			*] (1853–1861)
			*] (1861–1889)
			*] (1889–1908)
			*] (1908–1910)

	==Family tree==		==Family tree==
	{{~~familytree~~/start}}		{{tree chart/start}}
	{{~~familytree~~ \| \| \| \| \| \|~~ferd~~\|~~y\|mar~~\| \| \| \| \| ferd=''']'''\|mar=''']'''}}		{{tree chart\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|ferd \|y\| mar \| \| ferd=''']'''\|mar=''']'''}}
	{{~~familytree~~ \| \| \| \| \| \|,\|-\|-\|^\|v\|-\|-\|-\|-\|-\|-\|-\|v\|-\|-\|-\|v\|-\|-\|-\|v\|-\|-\|-\|.\| }}		{{tree chart\| \| \| \| \| \|,\|-\|-\|-\|v\|-\|^\|-\|-\|-\|-\|-\|v\|-\|-\|-\|v\|-\|-\|-\|-\|-\|-\|-\|v\|-\|-\|-\|-\|-\|-\|-\|.\| }}
	{{~~familytree~~ \|step\|~\|ped\| \|lui\|y\|mar\| \|joa\| \|mari\| \|ant\| \|aug\| \|step=]\|ped=''']'''\|lui=''']'''\|mar=]\|joa=]\|mari=]\|ant=]\|aug=]}}		{{tree chart\|step \|~\| ped \| \| lui \|y\| mar \| \| joa \| \|mari \|~\| geo \| \| ant \|~\| leo \| \| aug \| \|step=]\|ped=''']'''\|lui=''']'''\|mar=]\|joa=]\|mari=]\|geo=]\|ant=]\|leo=]\|aug=]}}
	{{~~familytree~~ \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|,\|-\|-\|^\|-\|.\| ~~\| \| \| \| \|~~}}		{{tree chart\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|,\|-\|^\|-\|.\| }}
	{{~~familytree~~ \| \| \| \|ame\|y\|car\| \| \|afo\|~\|nev~~\| \| \| \| \|~~ \| \|ame=]\|car=''']'''\|afo=]\|nev=]}}		{{tree chart\| \| \| \| \| ame \|y\| car \| \| afo \|~\| nev \| \|ame=]\|car=''']'''\|afo=]\|nev=]}}
	{{~~familytree~~ \| \| \| \|,\|-\|-\|^\|-\|.\| ~~\| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \|~~}}		{{tree chart\| \| \| \| \| \|,\|-\|^\|-\|.\| }}
	{{~~familytree~~ \| \| \|~~lui~~\| \| \|man\|~\|aug~~\| \| \|~~ \| \|lui=]\|man=''']'''\|aug=]}}		{{tree chart\| \| \| \| \| lui \| \| man \|~\| aug \| \|lui=]\|man=''']'''\|aug=]}}
	{{~~familytree~~/end}}		{{tree chart/end}}

			== See also ==
			* ]
			* ]

	==References==		==References==
	{{Commons ~~cat~~\|House of Braganza-Saxe-Coburg and Gotha}}		{{Commons category\|House of Braganza-Saxe-Coburg and Gotha}}
	{{reflist}}		{{reflist}}

			== Further reading ==
	{{start}}
			* PINTO, Albano Anthero da Silveira; VISCONDE, Augusto Romano Sanches de Baêna e Farinha; ''Resenha das familías titulares e grandes de Portugal (Volume 1)''. Lisboa: Empreza Editora de Francisco Arthur da Silva (1883). Pág. 313
			* McCULLOCH, John Ramsay; ''A Dictionary, Geographical, Statistical, and Historical: of the various Countries, Places, and Principal Natural Objects in the World (Volume 4)''. Longmans: Green (1866). Pág. 14
			* ''Almanach de Gotha''. Justus Perthes Publishing House in Gotha; 175th ed.
			* ''American Annals of Education (Volume 18)''. Otis: Broaders (1869).
			* ROBINSON, James Harvey; BEARD, Charles Austin; ''The development of modern Europe: an introduction to the study of current history''. Ginn & Company (1908). Pág. 27.
			* ''The British Almanac: Containing Astronomical, Official and Other Information Relating to the British Isles, the Dominions Oversea and Foreign Countries''. Stationers Company (1909). Pág. 457
			* W.H. De Puy; ''The Century Reference Library of Universal Knowledge (Volume 8)''. National Newspapers Company (1909).
			* ROLT-WHEELER, Francis; DRINKER, Frederick E.; ''The World War for Liberty: A Comprehensive and Authentic History of the War by Land, Sea and Air''. C.H. Robinson Company (1919). Pág. 382
			* COLENBRANDER, Herman Theodoor; ''deel. Algemeene koloniale geschiedenis''. M. Nijhoff (1925). Pág. 26.
			* ''Current History (Volume 38)''. New York Times Company (1933). Pág. 239.
			* ''The Catholic Encyclopedia: Laprade-Mass''. Appleton (1950). Pág. 282.
			* FRANCIS, John Michael (Editor); ''Iberia and the Americas: Culture, Politics, and History (Transatlantic Relations), 3 Volumes Set''. ABC-CLIO (November 21, 2005). Págs. 724 e 1112.
			* OLIVEIRA, Barradas de; ''Quando os cravos murcham (Volume 2)''. Edições FP (1984). Pág. 41.
			* FIGUEIREDO, Fidelino de; ''Revista de História (Volumes 10-11)''. Emprêsa Literária Fluminense (1921). Pág. 220.
			* PAILLER, Jean; ''Maria Pia of Braganza: The Pretender''. New York: ProjectedLetters, 2006;
			* CHILCOTE, Ronald H.; ''The Portuguese Revolution: State and Class in the Transition to Democracy'', page 37. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers; Reprint edition (August 31, 2012).

			== External links ==
			{{s-start}}
	{{s-hou\|House of Braganza-Saxe-Coburg and Gotha\|\|\|\|\|]\|name=]}}		{{s-hou\|House of Braganza-Saxe-Coburg and Gotha\|\|\|\|\|]\|name=]}}
	{{s-bef\|before=]}}		{{s-bef\|before=]}}
	{{s-ttl\|title=] of the ]\|years=~~1853 – 1910~~}}		{{S-ttl\|title=]<br />] of the ]\|years=1853–1910}}
	{{s-non\|reason=~~Republic~~ ~~Established~~ by ~~Military~~ ~~Coup~~}}		{{s-non\|reason=]}}
	{{end}}		{{end}}
			{{Portuguese Monarchy Topics}}
			{{Monarchs of Portugal}}
			{{House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (Portugal)}}
			{{Royal houses of Portugal}}

			]
	{{Royal houses of Europe}}
			]

	]		]
	]
	]

	]
	]

Latest revision as of 01:33, 5 November 2024

Former Royal House of Portugal Not to be confused with Saxe-Coburg and Braganza branch.

House of Braganza-Saxe-Coburg and Gotha Casa de Bragança-Saxe-Coburgo-Gota

Parent house	Saxe-Coburg and Gotha-Koháry (agnatic) Braganza (enatic)
Country	, Kingdom of Portugal, Empire of Brazil
Founded	9 April 1836
Founder	Ferdinand II Maria II
Final ruler	Manuel II
Titles	List King of Portugal King of the Algarve Prince Royal of Portugal Prince of Beira Prince of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha Infante of Portugal Duke of Braganza Duke of Guimarães Duke of Barcelos Duke of Porto Duke of Beja Duke of Coimbra Duke of Saxony Marquis of Vila Viçosa Count of Guimarães Count of Barcelos Count of Arraiolos Count of Ourém Count of Neiva
Dissolution	2 July 1932 (death of Manuel II)
Deposition	5 October 1910

The House of Braganza-Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (also known as the House of Saxe-Coburg-Braganza or the Constitutional Branch of the Braganzas) is a term used to categorize the last four rulers of the Kingdom of Portugal, and their families, from 1853 until the declaration of the republic in 1910. Its name derives from the four kings descended in a patrilineal line from King Ferdinand II of Portugal (of the House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha-Koháry) and in a matrilineal line from Queen Maria II of Portugal (of the House of Braganza).

The designation Braganza-Saxe-Coburg and Gotha is prevalent mainly in the writings of non-Portuguese historians and genealogists, as European custom classifies a descendant branch on the basis of patrilineal descent, which means that the House of Braganza-Saxe-Coburg and Gotha is a cadet branch of the House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha-Koháry.

Nonetheless, the 1838 Portuguese constitution stated that the House of Braganza was the ruling house of Portugal, by way of Queen Maria II, and her descendants still continued to style themselves as members of the House of Braganza, as opposed to Saxe-Coburg-Braganza. With the death of King Manuel II without legitimate issue in 1932, the dynasty became extinct.

History

The royal house was founded by Prince Ferdinand of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, who on 9 April 1836 married Queen Maria II of Portugal. Members of the royal house held the Portuguese title of Infante/Infanta of Portugal, as well as the German titles of Prince/ss of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha and Duke/Duchess of Saxony. On 15 November 1853, Queen Maria II died, and her eldest son succeeded to the throne as Pedro V, the first king of the Braganza-Saxe-Coburg and Gotha dynasty.

The dynasty remained on the throne until the outbreak in Portugal of the 5 October 1910 revolution when King Manuel II of Portugal was deposed and the Portuguese First Republic was established. Manuel II went into exile in Fulwell Park, England, where he died on 2 July 1932.

Modern claims

Before his death in 1932, King Manuel II had been in negotiations with the rival Miguelist branch of the House of Braganza, who had claimed the Portuguese throne since 1834, in opposition to the Braganza-Saxe-Coburg and Gotha dynasty. On the King's death, the claim to the defunct throne of Portugal passed to Miguelist descendant Duarte Nuno of Braganza.

In 1932, a woman known as Maria Pia of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha Braganza claimed to be the illegitimate daughter of King Carlos I of Portugal and claimed the right to the titles of Duchess of Braganza and to be the rightful Queen of Portugal. Maria Pia claimed that King Carlos I legitimized her through a royal decree and placed her in the line of succession, however no proof was presented to demonstrate this and the King similarly did not have the personal authority to do so. Maria Pia's paternity was never proven and her claim not widely accepted.

Alexander Prinz von Sachsen, Head of the Royal House of Saxony is another possible candidate to be the heir of the House of Braganza-Saxe-Coburg and Gotha.

Rulers

Pedro V (1853–1861)
Luís I (1861–1889)
Carlos I (1889–1908)
Manuel II (1908–1910)

Family tree

Fernando II

Maria II

Stephanie of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen

Pedro V

Luís I

Maria Pia of Savoy

João, Duke
of Beja

Maria Anna

George, King of Saxony

Antónia

Leopold, Prince of Hohenzollern

Augusto, Duke of Coimbra

Amélie of Orléans

Carlos I

Afonso, Duke of Porto

Nevada Stoody Hayes

Prince Luís Filipe

Manuel II

Augusta Victoria of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen

References

^ Almanach de Gotha (175th ed.). Justus Perthes. 1938. p. 112.
Maclagan, Michael (2002). Lines of Succession. Tables by Jiri Louda. Time Warner Books. p. 187. ISBN 0-316-72428-9.
CONSTITUIÇÃO POLITICA DA MONARCHIA PORTUGUEZA p. Title 1, Chapter 1, Article 5.
Almanach de Gotha (146th ed.). Justus Perthes. 1909. p. 66.
"Monarchist Breach Closed In Portugal". The New York Times. 1930-05-18. p. N1.
"Successor Expects Throne". The New York Times. 1932-07-06. p. 19.
"Princess Maria Pia of Saxe-Coburg, duchess of Braganza" in CHILCOTE, Ronald H.; The Portuguese Revolution: State and Class in the Transition to Democracy, page 37. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers; Reprint edition (August 31, 2012).
"...Her Royal Highness D. Maria Pia of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha Braganza, the Crown Princess of Portugal" in Jean Pailler; Maria Pia of Braganza: The Pretender. New York: ProjectedLetters, 2006;
Jean Pailler; Maria Pia of Braganza: The Pretender. New York: ProjectedLetters, 2006.

External links

Royal HouseHouse of Braganza-Saxe-Coburg and GothaCadet branch of the House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
Preceded byHouse of Braganza	Ruling House of the Kingdom of Portugal 1853–1910	Monarchy Abolished

v t e Topics related to the Portuguese monarchy
Major events	Battle of São Mamede Battle of Ourique Treaty of Zamora Manifestis Probatum 1383–85 Crisis Battle of Aljubarrota Battle of Alfarrobeira Battle of Alcácer Quibir Portuguese succession crisis of 1580 War of the Portuguese Succession Iberian Union Forty Conspirators Portuguese Restoration War Transfer of the Portuguese court Liberal Revolution of 1820 Vilafrancada April Revolt Portuguese Civil War 31 January 1891 revolt Municipal Library Elevator Coup Lisbon Regicide 5 October 1910 revolution Royalist attack on Chaves Monarchy of the North
Royal houses	Portuguese House of Burgundy House of Aviz House of Habsburg House of Braganza House of Braganza-Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (disputed)
Royal residences	Ajuda Palace Belém Palace Bemposta Palace Buçaco Palace Citadel of Cascais Évora Palace Mafra Palace Necessidades Palace Pena Palace Queluz Palace Quinta da Boa Vista Rio de Janeiro Palace Ramalhão Palace Ribeira Palace São Cristóvão Palace São Jorge Castle Santa Cruz Estate Sintra National Palace Vila Viçosa Palace Juvarra's Project for the Royal Palace in Lisbon Project for the Royal Palace in Campo de Ourique
Miscellaneous	Kingdom of Portugal Kingdom of the Algarve Kingdom of Brazil United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves Portuguese Monarchs Miguelism Sebastianism Portuguese Empire Portuguese Cortes Portuguese nobility List of titles and honours of the Portuguese Crown Council of Portugal Pantheon of the House of Braganza Most Faithful Majesty Duarte Pio, Duke of Braganza (current pretender) Family tree of Portuguese monarchs Portuguese Crown Jewels Style of the Portuguese sovereign His Most Faithful Majesty's Council

v t e Monarchs of Portugal
House of Burgundy (1139–1383)	Afonso I Sancho I Afonso II Sancho II Afonso III Denis I Afonso IV Peter I Ferdinand I Beatrice I
House of Aviz (1385–1580)	John I Edward I Afonso V John II Manuel I John III Sebastian I Henry I Anthony I
House of Habsburg (1581–1640)	Philip I Philip II Philip III
House of Braganza (1640–1910)	John IV Afonso VI Peter II John V Joseph I Maria I with Peter III John VI Peter IV Maria II Miguel I Maria II with Ferdinand II Peter V Luís I Carlos I Manuel II
Debatable or disputed rulers are in italics.

v t e House of Braganza-Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
1st generation	Pedro V Luís I Infanta Maria Infante João, Duke of Beja Infanta Maria Ana, Princess George of Saxony Infanta Antónia, Princess of Hohenzollern Infante Fernando Infante Augusto Infante Leopoldo Infanta Maria da Glória Infante Eugénio
2nd generation	Carlos I Infante Afonso, Duke of Porto
3rd generation	Luís Filipe, Prince Royal of Portugal Infanta Maria Ana Manuel II Maria Pia (claimant)
The House of Saxe-Coburg and Braganza was not a recognized house in the former Kingdom of Portugal and monarchs following Maria II and Ferdinand II officially continued to be members of the House of Braganza

v t e Royal houses of Portugal
Burgundy Aviz Portuguese Habsburg Braganza Braganza-Saxe-Coburg and Gotha

Categories: