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{{Short description|Canadian advocacy group}}
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⚫ {{notability|organizations|date=November 2008}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=December 2018}}
⚫ {{Infobox Non-profit

⚫ | Non-profit_name = Citizens for a Canadian Republic
⚫ {{Infobox organization
⚫ | Non-profit_logo = ]
⚫ | name = Citizens for a Canadian Republic
| Non-profit_type =
⚫ | logo = Citizens for a Canadian Republic.png
| type =
| founded_date = 2002 | founded_date = 2002
| founder = | founder =
| location = Toronto <!-- this parameter modifies "Headquarters" --> | location = ], ] <!-- this parameter modifies "Headquarters" -->
| key_people = ], National Director <br> ], Associate Director <br> ], Associate Director
| origins =
| key_people = ] National Director | area_served = ]
] Associate Director | focus = ]
| area_served = | method =
| focus = ] | revenue =
| method = | endowment =
| revenue = | num_volunteers =
| endowment = | num_employees =
| num_volunteers = | num_members =
⚫ | homepage =
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'''Citizens for a Canadian Republic''' (CCR) is a not-for-profit ] organization founded in 2002 that advocates the replacement of the ] with a ] who would either be chosen through a general election or elected by ]. Models that the organization supports are former constitutional monarchies ] and ], both of which abolished their monarchies in favour of elected ]s, while retaining their parliamentary systems that have a ] as ].<ref></ref> The organization's general objective is "to promote discussion and help raise awareness of the clear advantages of amending The Constitution to allow for a democratically-chosen Canadian citizen to serve as ]." '''Citizens for a Canadian Republic''' (]: ''Citoyens pour une République Canadienne'') ('''CCR''') is a Canadian advocacy group founded in 2002 that advocates for the replacement of the ] with a ] who could either be chosen directly through a general election, indirectly by the ], the ], or some other electoral body.<ref name=CCRfaq>{{cite web| url=https://www.canadian-republic.ca/faq| title=FAQ| publisher=Citizens for a Canadian Republic| access-date=22 May 2022}}</ref><ref>Patmore, Glenn, "Choosing the Republic: The Legal and Constitutional Steps in Australia and Canada." ''Queen's Law Journal'', Vol. 31, 2006; U of Melbourne Legal Studies Research Paper No. 169. Available at SSRN: http://ssrn.com/abstract=931329</ref><ref>{{cite book |first=William |last=Cross |title=Democratic Reform in New Brunswick |location=Toronto |publisher=Canadian Scholars' Press |year=2007 |page=217 |isbn=978-1-55130-326-0}}</ref>

CCR favours the retention of the ], with the prime minister as ], in a parliamentary republic similar to ] or ]. It does not endorse any particular selection process, other than it should be democratic.<ref>{{cite web |publisher=Citizens for a Canadian Republic |title=Frequently Asked Questions: What is a republic? |access-date=May 23, 2022 |url=https://www.canadian-republic.ca/faq#If%20we%20choose%20to%20Canadianize%20our%20Head%20of%20State}}</ref> The organization's general objective is "to promote replacing the British monarch as our ] with a resident, democratically-selected Canadian. "<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.canadian-republic.ca/goals |title=Citizens for a Canadian Republic / Goals |website=Canadian-republic.ca |access-date=May 23, 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |first=Laura |last=Anderson |title=Gendered and Racialized Portrayals of the Governor General: Newspaper Coverage of Canada's Head of State." Prepared for Presentation at the Annual Meeting of the Canadian Political Science. Association, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan. May 30 – June 1, 2007 |url=http://www.cpsa-acsp.ca/papers-2007/Anderson.pdf}}</ref>


==History== ==History==
{{See also|Republicanism in Canada}}
Citizens for a Canadian Republic was formed in 2002 "in an effort to provide balance in the debate over whether or not Canada should remain a constitutional monarchy"<ref></ref>


===Founding===
That same year, CCR became involved in ],{{Fact|date=January 2008}} a lawsuit filed by one of its members, ]. This suit challenged the constitutionality of certain provisions the law governing succession to the Canadian monarchy, the ], which discriminates against Roman Catholics. O'Donohue argued that it thus violates the ]. The case was dismissed in 2003, and the dismissal was upheld in 2005.
⚫ ] ] on ], the Ottawa chapter of Citizens for a Canadian Republic demonstrated for the office to be elected and severed from the monarchy.]]
Citizens for a Canadian Republic was formed in 2002 "in an effort to provide balance in the debate over whether or not Canada should remain a constitutional monarchy"<ref></ref> and to advocate for the "Canadianization" of the head of state.<ref>Kimberly Fu, "Long Ditch the Queen: Anti and pro monarchist movements spark debate," ''sceneandheard.ca'' Vol. 08 Issue 07 http://www.sceneandheard.ca/article.php?id=1692&morgue=1 {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091127155358/http://www.sceneandheard.ca/article.php?id=1692&morgue=1 |date=November 27, 2009 }}</ref> It remains the only formal organization devoted to the establishment of a Canadian republic.<ref>Hyung Gu Lynn. Bipolar Orders: The Two Koreas Since 1989. London: Zed Books, 2007, p.10. {{ISBN|1-84277-743-2}}</ref>


===O'Donohue v. Canada===
==Chapters==
That same year, CCR became involved in '']'',<ref>{{cite news |first=Adrian |last=Humphreys|title=Anti-monarchy group joins Catholic's fight: Citizens for a republic: Lawsuit challenges act limiting succession to Protestant line |work=National Post |date=September 25, 2002}}</ref> a lawsuit filed by one of its members, ]. This suit challenged the constitutionality of certain provisions of the '']'', one of the laws governing succession to the Canadian throne, which disallows the sovereign from either being or being married to a Roman Catholic. O'Donohue argued that it thus violates the '']''.<ref>{{cite news |first=Juliet |last=O'Neill |title=The fight for the Republic of Canada |work=The Ottawa Citizen |date=October 2, 2002 |url=http://www.canada.com/national/features/democracy/story.html?id=%7B1F3EF50E-2A74-401B-883E-AD27A04B271A%7D |access-date=January 1, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090808052403/http://www2.canada.com/national/features/democracy/story.html?id=%7B1f3ef50e-2a74-401b-883e-ad27a04b271a%7D |archive-date=August 8, 2009 |url-status=dead |df=mdy-all }}</ref> The case was dismissed in 2003, a ruling that was upheld in 2005, part of the rationale behind the decision being that, as the Act of Settlement is a constitutional document on equal-footing with the ''Charter'', it could not be pre-empted by the ''Charter''.<ref> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130627231349/http://www.canlii.org/en/on/onsc/doc/2003/2003canlii41404/2003canlii41404.html |date=June 27, 2013 }}</ref>
⚫ ] ] on ], the Ottawa chapter of Citizens for a Canadian Republic demonstrated for the office to be elected and severed from the monarchy.]]
* '''New Brunswick''': ]
* '''Quebec''': ]
* '''Ontario''': ], ], ]
* '''Alberta''': ], ]
* '''British Columbia''': ]


===Oath of Allegiance===
==National organization==
The co-founder of CCR, Pierre L. J. Vincent, became a republican activist in 1998 when he objected to taking the '']'', then required by law for all Canadian public servants beginning employment within the Civil Service. His refusal, partly based on his ] ancestry, sparked a publicized three-year legal battle involving the Government of Canada's Public Service Commission.<ref>{{cite web |work=CBC News Online |url=http://cbc.ca/cgi-bin/templates/email.cgi?category=Canada&story=/news/2000/06/08/queenoath000608 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20010702003744/http://cbc.ca/cgi-bin/templates/email.cgi?category=Canada&story=%2Fnews%2F2000%2F06%2F08%2Fqueenoath000608 |url-status=dead |archive-date=July 2, 2001 |title=Worker pledges legal fight over oath to Queen |access-date=July 15, 2021 }}</ref>
CCR's national director and principal ] spokesperson is ]. The associate director and principal ] spokesperson is ]. Other prominent members of the group include O'Donohue, Professor ] and ] lawyer ]. However, Charles Roach, who is a member of the executive committee, has been criticized as being an "eccentric oddball" and "illegitimate" republican by another member of the same committee, 23-year old J.J. McCullough, who has called Mr. Roach's lawsuits "dumb".


In 2001, the commission ruled that he could keep his job, a legal precedent that was later applied to a similar oath refusal. Both cases are recognized as being a major impetus for the 2003 ''Public Service Modernization Act'', which ended the requirement for Government of Canada civil servants to swear an oath to the Queen as of December 31, 2005.
==Affiliations==
]
CCR is a member of ], an alliance of ] republican movements that seek to change their countries' status as ]s to ]s.


In 2007, former CCR member ] ] in opposition to the requirement of new citizens to swear an oath to the Queen. The case was on May 17, 2007, allowed to proceed,<ref>{{cite web |work=CBC News |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/lawyer-allowed-to-challenge-citizenship-oath-1.689308 |title=Lawyer allowed to challenge citizenship oath |date=May 18, 2007}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |work=Toronto Star |url=https://www.thestar.com/news/2007/05/18/lawyer_cleared_to_challenge_loyalty_oath_to_the_queen.html |last=Gombu |first=Phinjo |title=Lawyer cleared to challenge loyalty oath to the Queen |date=May 18, 2007}}</ref> but has since been dismissed by the ].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.canlii.org/eliisa/highlight.do?text=Roach+v.+Canada&language=en&searchTitle=Search+all+CanLII+Databases&path=/en/on/onca/doc/2008/2008onca124/2008onca124.html |title=Roach v. Canada, 2008 ONCA 124 |publisher=CanLII}}</ref>
⚫ ==See also==

==Organization and structure==
CCR's national director and principal ] spokesperson is Tom Freda. Associate director and principal ] and ] spokesperson is ]. Associate Director ] is the principal Atlantic Canada spokesperson. Other prominent members of the group's Advisory Committee include ] and ] ].

⚫ ==See also==
*] *]
*] *]
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==References== ==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}
<references/>


==External links== ==External links==
* *
* on ]
*
* on ]
*


{{Republicanism}} {{Republicanism}}
{{Authority control}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Citizens For A Canadian Republic}}
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] ]
] ]
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]

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Citizens for a Canadian Republic
Founded2002
FocusCanadian republicanism
Location
Area served Canada
Key peopleTom Freda, National Director
Pierre L. J. Vincent, Associate Director
Jamie Bradley, Associate Director
Websitewww.canadian-republic.ca

Citizens for a Canadian Republic (French: Citoyens pour une République Canadienne) (CCR) is a Canadian advocacy group founded in 2002 that advocates for the replacement of the Canadian monarchy with a head of state who could either be chosen directly through a general election, indirectly by the Parliament of Canada, the Legislative assemblies of Canadian provinces and territories, or some other electoral body.

CCR favours the retention of the Westminster-style parliament, with the prime minister as head of government, in a parliamentary republic similar to Ireland or India. It does not endorse any particular selection process, other than it should be democratic. The organization's general objective is "to promote replacing the British monarch as our head of state with a resident, democratically-selected Canadian. "

History

See also: Republicanism in Canada

Founding

October 1, 2005. During the swearing-in ceremony of Governor General Michaëlle Jean on Parliament Hill, the Ottawa chapter of Citizens for a Canadian Republic demonstrated for the office to be elected and severed from the monarchy.

Citizens for a Canadian Republic was formed in 2002 "in an effort to provide balance in the debate over whether or not Canada should remain a constitutional monarchy" and to advocate for the "Canadianization" of the head of state. It remains the only formal organization devoted to the establishment of a Canadian republic.

O'Donohue v. Canada

That same year, CCR became involved in O'Donohue v. Canada, a lawsuit filed by one of its members, Tony O'Donohue. This suit challenged the constitutionality of certain provisions of the Act of Settlement, 1701, one of the laws governing succession to the Canadian throne, which disallows the sovereign from either being or being married to a Roman Catholic. O'Donohue argued that it thus violates the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms. The case was dismissed in 2003, a ruling that was upheld in 2005, part of the rationale behind the decision being that, as the Act of Settlement is a constitutional document on equal-footing with the Charter, it could not be pre-empted by the Charter.

Oath of Allegiance

The co-founder of CCR, Pierre L. J. Vincent, became a republican activist in 1998 when he objected to taking the Oath of Allegiance, then required by law for all Canadian public servants beginning employment within the Civil Service. His refusal, partly based on his Acadian ancestry, sparked a publicized three-year legal battle involving the Government of Canada's Public Service Commission.

In 2001, the commission ruled that he could keep his job, a legal precedent that was later applied to a similar oath refusal. Both cases are recognized as being a major impetus for the 2003 Public Service Modernization Act, which ended the requirement for Government of Canada civil servants to swear an oath to the Queen as of December 31, 2005.

In 2007, former CCR member Charles Roach filed suit in opposition to the requirement of new citizens to swear an oath to the Queen. The case was on May 17, 2007, allowed to proceed, but has since been dismissed by the Ontario Superior Court of Justice.

Organization and structure

CCR's national director and principal anglophone spokesperson is Tom Freda. Associate director and principal francophone and Western Canada spokesperson is Pierre L. J. Vincent. Associate Director Jamie Bradley is the principal Atlantic Canada spokesperson. Other prominent members of the group's Advisory Committee include Christopher Moore and Brigadier-General James S. Cox.

See also

References

  1. "FAQ". Citizens for a Canadian Republic. Retrieved May 22, 2022.
  2. Patmore, Glenn, "Choosing the Republic: The Legal and Constitutional Steps in Australia and Canada." Queen's Law Journal, Vol. 31, 2006; U of Melbourne Legal Studies Research Paper No. 169. Available at SSRN: http://ssrn.com/abstract=931329
  3. Cross, William (2007). Democratic Reform in New Brunswick. Toronto: Canadian Scholars' Press. p. 217. ISBN 978-1-55130-326-0.
  4. "Frequently Asked Questions: What is a republic?". Citizens for a Canadian Republic. Retrieved May 23, 2022.
  5. "Citizens for a Canadian Republic / Goals". Canadian-republic.ca. Retrieved May 23, 2022.
  6. Anderson, Laura. "Gendered and Racialized Portrayals of the Governor General: Newspaper Coverage of Canada's Head of State." Prepared for Presentation at the Annual Meeting of the Canadian Political Science. Association, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan. May 30 – June 1, 2007" (PDF).
  7. Citizens for a Canadian Republic: Press Release: 4-10-02
  8. Kimberly Fu, "Long Ditch the Queen: Anti and pro monarchist movements spark debate," sceneandheard.ca Vol. 08 Issue 07 http://www.sceneandheard.ca/article.php?id=1692&morgue=1 Archived November 27, 2009, at the Wayback Machine
  9. Hyung Gu Lynn. Bipolar Orders: The Two Koreas Since 1989. London: Zed Books, 2007, p.10. ISBN 1-84277-743-2
  10. Humphreys, Adrian (September 25, 2002). "Anti-monarchy group joins Catholic's fight: Citizens for a republic: Lawsuit challenges act limiting succession to Protestant line". National Post.
  11. O'Neill, Juliet (October 2, 2002). "The fight for the Republic of Canada". The Ottawa Citizen. Archived from the original on August 8, 2009. Retrieved January 1, 2019.
  12. O’Donohue v. Canada, 2003 CanLII 41404 (ON S.C.) Archived June 27, 2013, at the Wayback Machine
  13. "Worker pledges legal fight over oath to Queen". CBC News Online. Archived from the original on July 2, 2001. Retrieved July 15, 2021.
  14. "Lawyer allowed to challenge citizenship oath". CBC News. May 18, 2007.
  15. Gombu, Phinjo (May 18, 2007). "Lawyer cleared to challenge loyalty oath to the Queen". Toronto Star.
  16. "Roach v. Canada, 2008 ONCA 124". CanLII.

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