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{{Subcat guideline|naming convention|Korean|WP:NCKO|WP:NC-KO|WP:NCKOREAN}}
]


This page ('''WP:NCKO''') provides guidance on how to render the names of Korea-related concepts in the Latin script. See also ] (MOS:KO). Both WP:NCKO and MOS:KO are applied together for topics that are significantly related to Korea on Misplaced Pages.
This article covers naming conventions generally followed by editors of Misplaced Pages articles on Korean subjects. None of these rules are cast in stone, and not all contributors follow exactly the same standard, although we are gradually arriving at a general concensus. If you have any ideas, suggestions, objections, or comments, please feel free to participate in the ongoing discussion on this article's ]. If the concensus changes and this page has not been updated, please update the affected rules below.


For some explanations of some of the romanization decisions made on this page, see ].
== Summary of conventions ==


== Naming guidelines ==
* ''Personal names'': put the family name first; use a hyphen if commonly used by the person in question. Right now, the consensus is to follow the spelling of the name most commonly found in English, even if it does not conform to a standard romanization (thus, ] and ] instead of "Kim Il-sŏng" and "I Seungman"), but see also the discussion on the ].
Assume that these principles apply to all Korea-related terms.
* ''Romanization'': we use the ] for South Korean/Korean topics; we use ] for North Korean topics

* There is no agreement on how exactly to add the ''Hangeul'' and ''Hanja''.
=== Strict romanization vs. naming conventions ===
* For ''rulers'' use this format: King/Queen X (the Great) of Y
{{Shortcut|WP:KO-STRICT|WP:KO-TEMPLATEROMAN}}
* The use of ''East Sea'' / ''Sea of Japan'' is ].

* The ''historical periods'' are: Goguryeo (고구려); Balhae (or Barhae) (발해); Three Kingdoms (삼국시대); Goryeo (고려); Joseon (조선)
Do not mistake the guidelines in WP:NCKO for strict applications of romanization; some of our guidelines differ from official romanization standards.
* The ''Three Kingdoms'' are transcribed as: Silla, Goguryeo, Baekje.

When strictly romanized text is needed, namely within templates like {{Tl|Infobox Korean name}} and {{Tl|Korean}}, '''do not''' apply the rules of WP:NCKO. Instead, strictly apply the rules of the respective romanization systems.

For example, the spelling "]" should be used everywhere (e.g. article title, in body of any article, in infobox titles) except for when templates like {{tl|Infobox Korean name}} or {{tl|Korean}} ask for RR or MR. Then you should provide "{{serif|I}} Hana" ("{{serif|I}}" instead of "Lee" or "Yi"; no hyphen).

=== Use consistent spellings for terms ===
{{Shortcut|WP:KO-CONSISTENT}}
Generally, if a concept has an article, you should refer to that concept in the bodies and infoboxes of other articles using the article title verbatim. E.g. in an article primarily about North Korea, do not write "{{!xt|Sŏul}}" (]), write "{{xt|Seoul}}" (], ], and ]).

=== Translating non-people names to English ===
{{Shortcut|WP:KO-TRANSLATENAME}}

When there are non-people names (e.g. organization names, titles of works, objects, etc.) that have an established English-language name, that name is used (]). For example: {{n}} {{!xt|Yukjo}} {{arrow|r}} {{y}} {{xt|Six Ministries of Joseon}}.

When there aren't enough sources to constitute an established English name, '''as a last resort''' you may translate the names to English if there is no loss in accuracy. If you are not sure of or satisfied with the quality of your translation, do not translate; romanize per ] and other relevant guidelines in the naming conventions section. If you do translate the term, you must also record the original Korean name somewhere.{{notetag|If inline, in parentheses or in a footnote. If the main article topic, in the {{tl|Infobox Korean name}} and in the lead first parentheses.}} If an invented translated name is the main topic of an article, create redirects for the romanizations and conceivable alternate translations per ].

Ideally, our terminology should be unified within and across articles, meaningful to non-Korean speakers, and traceable to the original Korean for verification. Inventing English names can aid understanding, but missing any of the steps in this guidance can work against our goals.

=== Create alternate title redirects ===
Create redirects for conceivable alternate romanizations, translations, and spellings (]).

== People names ==
{{Shortcut|WP:NCKO-NAME|WP:KOREANNAME}}
In order to determine the Latin spelling of a Korean person's name, follow these steps in order and stop when you reach a step that adequately gives a spelling for your situation.

; 1. Use common name
: Per ], use whichever spelling and name for the person is '''widely used''' in English-language sources. This may be a name in some other language and not their Korean name. If there is no clear consensus on spelling in the sources, consider moving onto step 2.

; 2. Follow personal preference
: If the person's preferred English name or Latin spelling is known, use that.

; 3. Romanize
: Following the table below, romanize the person's name depending on when and where they are primarily notable. If significantly notable pre-1945 and after the division, prioritize recency.

{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Primary notability
!Romanization system
!Notes
|-
|
* Before the ] in 1945 or
* ] or North Korea
|]
|
* No hyphen or space in the given name or in the surname. ] the surname and given name, but not in between the names. Use diacritics.{{Notetag|See ] for a guide on how to type diacritics.}}<br />(e.g. {{lang|ko|한복남}} {{Arrow|type=r}} {{Y}} {{xt|Han Pongnam}}, {{N}} {{!xt|Han Pok-nam}})
* For surnames, '''do not''' use the surname table below. Romanize using standard MR. Recommend spelling the surname {{Lang|ko|이}} as "Yi" and not "{{serif|I}}".
* Do not use ].
|-
|
* ] or South Korea
|]
|
* For the given name, put a hyphen in only if the given name is exactly two Hangul characters. Do not ] the given name. No hyphen or space in the surname. Do not capitalize after the hyphen.<br />(e.g. {{lang|ko|한복남}} {{Arrow|type=r}} {{Y}} {{xt|Han Bok-nam}}, {{N}} {{!xt|Han Bong-Nam}})
* For the surname, check the surname table below. If the surname is in the table, use the spelling given in the table. If not in the table, romanize using RR.
* Keep in mind {{Section link|#Strict romanization vs. naming conventions}}.
|-
|
* Korean diaspora
|See notes
|
* Use whichever language name they are most known by in any language source. For example, if they have a Korean name but are most widely known by their Russian name, use their ] name.
* If primarily known by their Korean name or for their affiliation with Korea, determine which row above is most appropriate for them and follow it. E.g. for a ] member of the North Korea–aligned ], use MR.
|}

:

{| class="wikitable"
|+Surname conversions for South Koreans
!Hangul!!RR!!MR!!Use this spelling
|-
|{{lang|ko|김}}||Gim||Kim||{{yes2|Kim}}
|-
|{{lang|ko|이}}||{{serif|I}}||{{serif|I}}||{{yes2|Lee}}
|-
|{{lang|ko|박}}||Bak||Pak||{{yes2|Park}}
|-
|{{lang|ko|최}}||Choe||Ch'oe||{{yes2|Choi}}
|-
|{{lang|ko|강}}||Gang||Kang||{{yes2|Kang}}
|-
|{{lang|ko|신}}||Sin||Sin||{{yes2|Shin}}
|-
|{{lang|ko|오}}||O||O||{{yes2|Oh}}
|-
|{{lang|ko|우}}||U||U||{{yes2|Woo}}
|}

=== Royalty ===
Generally, if there is no established common name for a monarch, their article titles should use the format "''Name'' of ''Kingdom''". For example: ] and ]. There are currently some exceptions to this pattern, due to either common name (e.g. ]) or disambiguation (] and ]).

Article titles on princes should follow the "(Grand) Prince ''title''" format. For example: ] and ]. Common names can also be an exception to this rule, such as ].

Appropriate ] should be used.

== Geographic features ==
=== Mountains and hills ===
{{See also|Misplaced Pages:Naming conventions (geographic names)|Misplaced Pages:WikiProject Mountains#Naming conventions}}

Unless there is a clear ], romanize the full Korean name using ]. Then apply the following:

* For names with the terms "san" ({{lang|ko|산}}) or "bong" ({{lang|ko|봉}}), use their full unhyphenated Korean names. E.g. ] and ].
* For names with "'']''" ({{lang|ko|오름}}), split the name. E.g. ] and not Yongnunioreum.
** Splitting appears to be the general common name convention for ''oreum''. Splitting also results in fewer spelling ambiguities and more segmented names that are easier to quickly parse.
For disambiguation, put the administrative district(s) the mountain is located in parentheses, e.g. ]. If the mountain is located in multiple districts, format them like so: ] or ]. We disambiguate like this by default because Korea has very few distinct mountain ranges, so disambiguating by mountain range often does not work.

=== Rivers ===
{{See also|Misplaced Pages:Naming conventions (geographic names)|Misplaced Pages:WikiProject Rivers#Naming}}

Unless there is a clear ], romanize the full Korean name using ]. Then replace "gang"/"kang" with "River". For example, ] and ].

=== Islands ===
{{See also|Misplaced Pages:Naming conventions (geographic names)}}

Unless there is a clear ], romanize the full Korean name using ]. Keep and do not hyphenate "do" or "seom", e.g. ] and ].

=== Controversial place names ===
{{See also|Talk:Sea of Japan/FAQ}}{{shortcut|WP:SoJ|WP:SEAOFJAPAN|WP:EASTSEA|WP:LIANCOURT|WP:DOKDO|WP:TAKESHIMA}}

For places with disputed English names, namely the ]/East Sea and the ]/Dokdo/Takeshima, use whichever terms match the respective current article title. In most cases, there is no need to mention the alternate name(s). Do not use a ]. Generally, alternate names should only be mentioned if the naming dispute is relevant to the article itself.

{{As of|2024|08}}:

: {{n}} {{!xt|The <nowiki>]</nowiki> is between Japan and Korea.}}
: {{n}} {{!xt|The <nowiki>]</nowiki> is between Japan and Korea.}}
: {{n}} {{!xt|The <nowiki>]</nowiki> (East Sea) is between Japan and Korea.}}
: {{n}} {{!xt|The <nowiki>]</nowiki>, or East Sea, is between Japan and Korea.}}
: {{y}} {{xt|The <nowiki>]</nowiki> is between Japan and Korea.}}
: {{y}} (in an article about Japan–Korea disputes) {{xt|There is currently a naming dispute over whether the <nowiki>]</nowiki> should be called the "East Sea".}}

This guideline is not an expression of preference for any particular name; it is simply following Misplaced Pages policy.

These titles have changed in the past, and may change again. If you have a strong understanding of the previous move proposals and Misplaced Pages's policies, and you think you have a good case to propose renaming such contested articles, you are welcome to do so. Do not make move requests lightly; poorly reasoned move requests will likely be ].

== Temples ==
{{Shortcut|WP:KO-TEMPLE}}
Unless there is a clear ], romanize the full Korean name using ]. E.g. ] and not "Bulguk Temple".

== Works ==
{{See also|MOS:NONENGTITLE}}{{Shortcut|WP:KO-WORKS}}

If there is no clear ] or ], romanize the full Korean name using ].

If the title of the work did not have spaces in it (e.g. if it was in Hanja, which does not have spaces), you may optionally consider inserting them into the romanized title. Try to follow common spacing conventions: use spaces to separate ideas or phrases and avoid inserting them indiscriminately between every character.

Titles of works that have been romanized should be presented in italicized ]. This generally means just capitalizing the first word and any proper nouns.

: {{y}}{{xt|King Sejong wrote {{transliterate|ko|rr|Wŏrin ch'ŏn'gang chigok}}.}}
: {{n}}{{!xt|King Sejong wrote {{transliterate|ko|rr|Wŏrin Ch'ŏn'gang Chigok}}.}}

Alternatively, the romanization can be presented with a parenthetical gloss with the original Hangul and/or Hanja, if relevant. If an English translation is provided (as opposed to a romanization) it should also be italicized but using ]:

: {{y}}{{xt|King Sejong wrote a poem called ''Songs of the Moon Shining on a Thousand Rivers'' ({{korean|hangul=월인천강지곡|hanja=月印千江之曲|mr=Wŏrin ch'ŏn'gang chigok|labels=no}}).}}
: {{n}}{{!xt|King Sejong wrote a poem called ''Songs of the Moon Shining on a Thousand Rivers'' ({{korean|hangul=월인천강지곡|hanja=月印千江之曲|mr=Wŏrin Ch'ŏn'gang Chigok|labels=no}}).}}

== Administrative divisions ==
{{See also|Administrative divisions of North Korea|Administrative divisions of South Korea}}

=== Provinces ===
Use the following spellings for both article titles and in the body of any article (you can truncate the disambiguation for Gangwon/Kangwon Province).

Note that many of these provinces have official English names that differ from these spellings; see ] for examples. These titles represent the status quo, and are possibly due to a mix of ], ], and ].

==== North Korean ====
{{columns-list|colwidth=30em|
* ]
* ]
* ]
* ]
* ]
* ]
* ]
* ]
* ]
}}

==== South Korean ====
{{columns-list|colwidth=30em|
* ]
* ]
* ]
* ]
* ]
* ]
* ]
* ]
* ]
}}

=== Cities ===
{{See also|List of cities in North Korea|List of cities in South Korea}}
Use the ] for the city, without "-si" ({{lang|ko|시}}) nor English-language terms such as "Metropolitan City" or "Special Self-Governing City". Also, avoid "City" after the name of a city, e.g. {{!xt|Yeosu City}}.

An exception to the above is for disambiguating ] vs. the person ]. Most other disambiguations can be handled by adding a comma and upper-level administrative division, e.g. ] (vs. ] in China).

For pre-modern cities that still exist and go by the same name, use the modern spelling. E.g. use "]" for the city during the Joseon period. For pre-modern cities that no longer exist, follow ].

=== Counties ===
{{See also|List of second-level administrative divisions of North Korea|List of counties of South Korea}}
Romanize per ], replace "-gun" and "-kun" with "County", e.g. ].

=== Districts ===
{{See also|List of second-level administrative divisions of North Korea|List of districts in South Korea}}
Romanize per ]. Replace "-gu", "-ku", and "-chigu" with "District". Keep "-guyok" for North Korean locations.

=== Towns, neighborhoods, and villages ===
Romanize per ]. Unless there is a clear ], keep "-myeon", "-dong", and "-ri" and do not translate them. "-eup" is optional.

=== Visual guide ===
Below is a visual guide for administrative divisions in both North and South Korea, with examples of how to handle each level.
{| class="wikitable"
|+Administrative divisions of North Korea
!Level
!Subtype(s)
!Example(s)<br>(Hangul)
!Correct rendering(s)
!Incorrect rendering(s)
!Separate example of disambiguation for subtype
|-
| rowspan="2" |First-level
|Province
|{{lang|ko|황해북도}}
|{{xt|North Hwanghae Province}}
|
* {{!xt|Hwanghaebuk-do}}
* {{!xt|North Hwanghae}}
|]
|-
|
* Directly governed city
* Special city
* Special administrative region
|{{lang|ko|평양직할시}}
|{{xt|Pyongyang}}
|
* {{!xt|P'yŏngyang}}
* {{!xt|Pyongyang Chikhalsi}}
|]
|-
| rowspan="3" |Second-level
|City
|{{lang|ko|신의주시}}
|{{xt|Sinuiju}}
|{{!xt|Sinuiju-si}}
|]
|-
|County
|{{lang|ko|갑산군}}
|{{xt|Kapsan County}}
|
* {{!xt|Kapsan-kun}}
* {{!xt|Kapsan}}
|]
|-
|District
|
* {{lang|ko|중구역}}
* {{lang|ko|청남구}}
* {{lang|ko|득장지구}}
|
* {{xt|Chung-guyok}}
* {{xt|Chongnam}}
* {{xt|Tukchang}}
|
* {{!xt|Chung}}
* {{!xt|Chongnam-ku}}
* {{!xt|Tukchang-chigu}}
|]
|-
| rowspan="3" |Third-level
|Town
|{{lang|ko|보천읍}}
|{{xt|Pochon-up}}
|{{!xt|Pochon Town}}
|]
|-
|
* Neighborhood
* Village
|
* {{lang|ko|기정동}}
* {{lang|ko|풍계리}}
|
* {{xt|Kijong-dong}}
* {{xt|Punggye-ri}}
|
* {{!xt|Kijong Neighborhood}}
* {{!xt|Punggye Village}}
| style="text-align:center" |—
|-
|Worker's district
|{{nowrap|{{lang|ko|남양로동자구}}}}
|{{xt|Namyang Workers' District}}
|{{!xt|Namyang Rodongja-ku}}
| style="text-align:center" |—
|}
{| class="wikitable"
|+Administrative divisions of South Korea
!Level
!Subtype(s)
!Example(s)<br>(Hangul)
!Correct rendering(s)
!Incorrect rendering(s)
!Separate example of disambiguation for subtype
|-
| rowspan="2" |Provincial level
|
* Province
* Special self-governing province
|{{lang|ko|경상북도}}
|{{xt|North Gyeongsang Province}}
|
* {{!xt|Gyeongsangbuk-do}}
* {{!xt|Gyeongsangbuk-do Province}}
* {{!xt|Gyeongsangbuk Province}}
* {{!xt|Gyeongbuk Province}}
|]
|-
|
* Special city
* Metropolitan city
* Special self-governing city
|{{nowrap|{{lang|ko|서울특별시}}}}
|{{xt|Seoul}}
|
* {{!xt|Seoul-si}}
* {{!xt|Seoul Teukbyeolsi}}
* {{!xt|Seoul Special City}}
|]
|-
| rowspan="3" |Municipal level
|City
|{{lang|ko|수원시}}
|{{xt|Suwon}}
|{{!xt|Suwon-si}}
|]
|-
|County
|{{lang|ko|칠곡군}}
|{{xt|Chilgok County}}
|
* {{!xt|Chilgok-gun}}
* {{!xt|Chilgok}}
|]
|-
|District
|{{lang|ko|종로구}}
|{{xt|Jongno District}}
|
* {{!xt|Jongno-gu}}
* {{!xt|Jongno-gu District}}
|]
|-
| rowspan="3" |Submunicipal level
|District
|{{lang|ko|덕양구}}
|{{xt|Deogyang District}}
|{{!xt|Deogyang-gu}}
|]
|-
|Town
|
* {{lang|ko|가은읍}}
* {{lang|ko|평창읍}}
* {{lang|ko|문산면}}
|
* {{xt|Gaeun}}
* {{xt|Pyeongchang-eup}}
* {{xt|Munsan-myeon}}
|
* {{!xt|Gaeun Town}}
* {{!xt|Pyeongchang Town}}
* {{!xt|Munsan Township}}
|]
|-
|
* Neighborhood
* Village
|
* {{lang|ko|삼성동}}
* {{lang|ko|노근리}}
|
* {{xt|Samseong-dong}}
* {{xt|Nogeun-ri}}
|
* {{!xt|Samseong Neighborhood}}
* {{!xt|Nogeun Village}}
|]
|}

== Notes ==
{{reflist|group=note}}

]

Latest revision as of 22:50, 3 December 2024

Blue tickThis guideline documents an English Misplaced Pages naming convention.
Editors should generally follow it, though exceptions may apply. Substantive edits to this page should reflect consensus. When in doubt, discuss first on this guideline's talk page.		Shortcuts

This page (WP:NCKO) provides guidance on how to render the names of Korea-related concepts in the Latin script. See also Misplaced Pages:Manual of Style/Korea-related articles (MOS:KO). Both WP:NCKO and MOS:KO are applied together for topics that are significantly related to Korea on Misplaced Pages.

For some explanations of some of the romanization decisions made on this page, see Misplaced Pages:WikiProject Korea/Romanization of Korean on Misplaced Pages.

Naming guidelines

Assume that these principles apply to all Korea-related terms.

Strict romanization vs. naming conventions

Shortcuts

Do not mistake the guidelines in WP:NCKO for strict applications of romanization; some of our guidelines differ from official romanization standards.

When strictly romanized text is needed, namely within templates like {{Infobox Korean name}} and {{Korean}}, do not apply the rules of WP:NCKO. Instead, strictly apply the rules of the respective romanization systems.

For example, the spelling "Lee Ha-na" should be used everywhere (e.g. article title, in body of any article, in infobox titles) except for when templates like {{Infobox Korean name}} or {{Korean}} ask for RR or MR. Then you should provide "I Hana" ("I" instead of "Lee" or "Yi"; no hyphen).

Use consistent spellings for terms

Shortcut

Generally, if a concept has an article, you should refer to that concept in the bodies and infoboxes of other articles using the article title verbatim. E.g. in an article primarily about North Korea, do not write "Sŏul" (McCune–Reischauer), write "Seoul" (WP:CONSISTENT, MOS:CONSISTENT, and WP:MODERNPLACENAME).

Translating non-people names to English

Shortcut

When there are non-people names (e.g. organization names, titles of works, objects, etc.) that have an established English-language name, that name is used (WP:TRANSLITERATE). For example: Red XN Yukjo → Green tickY Six Ministries of Joseon.

When there aren't enough sources to constitute an established English name, as a last resort you may translate the names to English if there is no loss in accuracy. If you are not sure of or satisfied with the quality of your translation, do not translate; romanize per MOS:KO-ROMAN and other relevant guidelines in the naming conventions section. If you do translate the term, you must also record the original Korean name somewhere. If an invented translated name is the main topic of an article, create redirects for the romanizations and conceivable alternate translations per WP:RPURPOSE.

Ideally, our terminology should be unified within and across articles, meaningful to non-Korean speakers, and traceable to the original Korean for verification. Inventing English names can aid understanding, but missing any of the steps in this guidance can work against our goals.

Create alternate title redirects

Create redirects for conceivable alternate romanizations, translations, and spellings (WP:RPURPOSE).

People names

Shortcuts

In order to determine the Latin spelling of a Korean person's name, follow these steps in order and stop when you reach a step that adequately gives a spelling for your situation.

1. Use common name
Per WP:COMMONNAME, use whichever spelling and name for the person is widely used in English-language sources. This may be a name in some other language and not their Korean name. If there is no clear consensus on spelling in the sources, consider moving onto step 2.
2. Follow personal preference
If the person's preferred English name or Latin spelling is known, use that.
3. Romanize
Following the table below, romanize the person's name depending on when and where they are primarily notable. If significantly notable pre-1945 and after the division, prioritize recency.
Primary notability Romanization system Notes
McCune–Reischauer
  • No hyphen or space in the given name or in the surname. Assimilate the surname and given name, but not in between the names. Use diacritics.
    (e.g. 한복남 → Green tickY Han Pongnam, Red XN Han Pok-nam)
  • For surnames, do not use the surname table below. Romanize using standard MR. Recommend spelling the surname 이 as "Yi" and not "I".
  • Do not use North Korea's variant of MR.
Revised Romanization
  • For the given name, put a hyphen in only if the given name is exactly two Hangul characters. Do not assimilate the given name. No hyphen or space in the surname. Do not capitalize after the hyphen.
    (e.g. 한복남 → Green tickY Han Bok-nam, Red XN Han Bong-Nam)
  • For the surname, check the surname table below. If the surname is in the table, use the spelling given in the table. If not in the table, romanize using RR.
  • Keep in mind § Strict romanization vs. naming conventions.
  • Korean diaspora
 See notes
  • Use whichever language name they are most known by in any language source. For example, if they have a Korean name but are most widely known by their Russian name, use their romanized Russian name.
  • If primarily known by their Korean name or for their affiliation with Korea, determine which row above is most appropriate for them and follow it. E.g. for a Zainichi Korean member of the North Korea–aligned Chongryon, use MR.
Surname conversions for South Koreans
Hangul RR MR Use this spelling
김 Gim Kim Kim
이 I I Lee
박 Bak Pak Park
최 Choe Ch'oe Choi
강 Gang Kang Kang
신 Sin Sin Shin
오 O O Oh
우 U U Woo

Royalty

Generally, if there is no established common name for a monarch, their article titles should use the format "Name of Kingdom". For example: Taejo of Joseon and Gojong of Korea. There are currently some exceptions to this pattern, due to either common name (e.g. Sejong the Great) or disambiguation (Queen Seondeok of Silla and King Seondeok of Silla).

Article titles on princes should follow the "(Grand) Prince title" format. For example: Grand Prince Yeongchang and Prince Yangpyeong. Common names can also be an exception to this rule, such as Yeonsangun of Joseon.

Appropriate infobox templates should be used.

Geographic features

Mountains and hills

See also: Misplaced Pages:Naming conventions (geographic names) and Misplaced Pages:WikiProject Mountains § Naming conventions

Unless there is a clear WP:COMMONNAME, romanize the full Korean name using MOS:KO-ROMAN. Then apply the following:

  • For names with the terms "san" (산) or "bong" (봉), use their full unhyphenated Korean names. E.g. Seoraksan and Moranbong.
  • For names with "oreum" (오름), split the name. E.g. Yongnuni Oreum and not Yongnunioreum.
    • Splitting appears to be the general common name convention for oreum. Splitting also results in fewer spelling ambiguities and more segmented names that are easier to quickly parse.

For disambiguation, put the administrative district(s) the mountain is located in parentheses, e.g. Maehwasan (Gangwon). If the mountain is located in multiple districts, format them like so: Maebongsan (Wonju and Yeongwol) or Gayasan (North and South Gyeongsang). We disambiguate like this by default because Korea has very few distinct mountain ranges, so disambiguating by mountain range often does not work.

Rivers

See also: Misplaced Pages:Naming conventions (geographic names) and Misplaced Pages:WikiProject Rivers § Naming

Unless there is a clear WP:COMMONNAME, romanize the full Korean name using MOS:KO-ROMAN. Then replace "gang"/"kang" with "River". For example, Nakdong River and Taedong River.

Islands

See also: Misplaced Pages:Naming conventions (geographic names)

Unless there is a clear WP:COMMONNAME, romanize the full Korean name using MOS:KO-ROMAN. Keep and do not hyphenate "do" or "seom", e.g. Baengnyeongdo and Ryŏdo.

Controversial place names

See also: Talk:Sea of Japan/FAQShortcuts

For places with disputed English names, namely the Sea of Japan/East Sea and the Liancourt Rocks/Dokdo/Takeshima, use whichever terms match the respective current article title. In most cases, there is no need to mention the alternate name(s). Do not use a WP:PIPELINK. Generally, alternate names should only be mentioned if the naming dispute is relevant to the article itself.

As of August 2024:

Red XN The ] is between Japan and Korea.
Red XN The ] is between Japan and Korea.
Red XN The ] (East Sea) is between Japan and Korea.
Red XN The ], or East Sea, is between Japan and Korea.
Green tickY The ] is between Japan and Korea.
Green tickY (in an article about Japan–Korea disputes) There is currently a naming dispute over whether the ] should be called the "East Sea".

This guideline is not an expression of preference for any particular name; it is simply following Misplaced Pages policy.

These titles have changed in the past, and may change again. If you have a strong understanding of the previous move proposals and Misplaced Pages's policies, and you think you have a good case to propose renaming such contested articles, you are welcome to do so. Do not make move requests lightly; poorly reasoned move requests will likely be WP:SNOWCLOSED.

Temples

Shortcut

Unless there is a clear WP:COMMONNAME, romanize the full Korean name using MOS:KO-ROMAN. E.g. Bulguksa and not "Bulguk Temple".

Works

See also: MOS:NONENGTITLEShortcut

If there is no clear WP:COMMONNAME or WP:ENGLISHTITLE, romanize the full Korean name using MOS:KO-ROMAN.

If the title of the work did not have spaces in it (e.g. if it was in Hanja, which does not have spaces), you may optionally consider inserting them into the romanized title. Try to follow common spacing conventions: use spaces to separate ideas or phrases and avoid inserting them indiscriminately between every character.

Titles of works that have been romanized should be presented in italicized sentence case. This generally means just capitalizing the first word and any proper nouns.

Green tickYKing Sejong wrote Wŏrin ch'ŏn'gang chigok.
Red XNKing Sejong wrote Wŏrin Ch'ŏn'gang Chigok.

Alternatively, the romanization can be presented with a parenthetical gloss with the original Hangul and/or Hanja, if relevant. If an English translation is provided (as opposed to a romanization) it should also be italicized but using title case:

Green tickYKing Sejong wrote a poem called Songs of the Moon Shining on a Thousand Rivers (월인천강지곡; 月印千江之曲; Wŏrin ch'ŏn'gang chigok).
Red XNKing Sejong wrote a poem called Songs of the Moon Shining on a Thousand Rivers (월인천강지곡; 月印千江之曲; Wŏrin Ch'ŏn'gang Chigok).

Administrative divisions

See also: Administrative divisions of North Korea and Administrative divisions of South Korea

Provinces

Use the following spellings for both article titles and in the body of any article (you can truncate the disambiguation for Gangwon/Kangwon Province).

Note that many of these provinces have official English names that differ from these spellings; see Provinces of South Korea for examples. These titles represent the status quo, and are possibly due to a mix of WP:COMMONNAME, WP:USEENGLISH, and WP:TITLECON.

North Korean

South Korean

Cities

See also: List of cities in North Korea and List of cities in South Korea

Use the Misplaced Pages:COMMONNAME for the city, without "-si" (시) nor English-language terms such as "Metropolitan City" or "Special Self-Governing City". Also, avoid "City" after the name of a city, e.g. Yeosu City.

An exception to the above is for disambiguating Sejong City vs. the person Sejong the Great. Most other disambiguations can be handled by adding a comma and upper-level administrative division, e.g. Anyang, Gyeonggi (vs. Anyang in China).

For pre-modern cities that still exist and go by the same name, use the modern spelling. E.g. use "Gyeongju" for the city during the Joseon period. For pre-modern cities that no longer exist, follow MOS:KO-ROMAN.

Counties

See also: List of second-level administrative divisions of North Korea and List of counties of South Korea

Romanize per MOS:KO-ROMAN, replace "-gun" and "-kun" with "County", e.g. Jindo County.

Districts

See also: List of second-level administrative divisions of North Korea and List of districts in South Korea

Romanize per MOS:KO-ROMAN. Replace "-gu", "-ku", and "-chigu" with "District". Keep "-guyok" for North Korean locations.

Towns, neighborhoods, and villages

Romanize per MOS:KO-ROMAN. Unless there is a clear WP:COMMONNAME, keep "-myeon", "-dong", and "-ri" and do not translate them. "-eup" is optional.

Visual guide

Below is a visual guide for administrative divisions in both North and South Korea, with examples of how to handle each level.

Administrative divisions of North Korea
Level Subtype(s) Example(s)
(Hangul) 		Correct rendering(s) Incorrect rendering(s) Separate example of disambiguation for subtype
First-level Province 황해북도 North Hwanghae Province
  • Hwanghaebuk-do
  • North Hwanghae
 Kangwon Province, North Korea
  • Directly governed city
  • Special city
  • Special administrative region
 평양직할시 Pyongyang
  • P'yŏngyang
  • Pyongyang Chikhalsi
 Sinuiju Special Administrative Region
Second-level City 신의주시 Sinuiju Sinuiju-si Anju, South Pyongan
County 갑산군 Kapsan County
  • Kapsan-kun
  • Kapsan
 Unsan County, South Pyongan
District
  • 중구역
  • 청남구
  • 득장지구
  • Chung-guyok
  • Chongnam
  • Tukchang
  • Chung
  • Chongnam-ku
  • Tukchang-chigu
 Kumho, South Hamgyong
Third-level Town 보천읍 Pochon-up Pochon Town Kujang (town)
  • Neighborhood
  • Village
  • 기정동
  • 풍계리
  • Kijong-dong
  • Punggye-ri
  • Kijong Neighborhood
  • Punggye Village
 —
Worker's district 남양로동자구 Namyang Workers' District Namyang Rodongja-ku —
Administrative divisions of South Korea
Level Subtype(s) Example(s)
(Hangul) 		Correct rendering(s) Incorrect rendering(s) Separate example of disambiguation for subtype
Provincial level
  • Province
  • Special self-governing province
 경상북도 North Gyeongsang Province
  • Gyeongsangbuk-do
  • Gyeongsangbuk-do Province
  • Gyeongsangbuk Province
  • Gyeongbuk Province
 Gangwon Province, South Korea
  • Special city
  • Metropolitan city
  • Special self-governing city
 서울특별시 Seoul
  • Seoul-si
  • Seoul Teukbyeolsi
  • Seoul Special City
 Sejong City
Municipal level City 수원시 Suwon Suwon-si Anyang, Gyeonggi
County 칠곡군 Chilgok County
  • Chilgok-gun
  • Chilgok
 Goseong County, South Gyeongsang
District 종로구 Jongno District
  • Jongno-gu
  • Jongno-gu District
 Jung District, Daegu
Submunicipal level District 덕양구 Deogyang District Deogyang-gu Nam District, Pohang
Town
  • 가은읍
  • 평창읍
  • 문산면
  • Gaeun
  • Pyeongchang-eup
  • Munsan-myeon
  • Gaeun Town
  • Pyeongchang Town
  • Munsan Township
 Seo-myeon, Gyeongju
  • Neighborhood
  • Village
  • 삼성동
  • 노근리
  • Samseong-dong
  • Nogeun-ri
  • Samseong Neighborhood
  • Nogeun Village
 Buam-dong, Seoul

Notes

  1. If inline, in parentheses or in a footnote. If the main article topic, in the {{Infobox Korean name}} and in the lead first parentheses.
  2. See here for a guide on how to type diacritics.
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