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| '''Sindhis''' (]: سنڌي ) are a ] speaking socio-ethnic group of people originating from ] now a province of ]. Today Sindhis that live in ] are predominantly ] but there are also smaller minorities of ]s and ]s. After the ] in ], majority of Sindhis who were ]s were forced to migrate to ] due to the ], although some ]s still managed to remain in ]. | |||
| ==Ethnicity== | |||
| Home to the ], a ] mentioned in the epic ], the name as suggests refers to the people living along the banks of the ], or ] known today. Infact the terms ] and ] are itself is derived from ], ] for the ] <ref> Sindhu is a river in Sanskrit, in Persian it becomes Hindu.</ref> This together with a popular suffix '']'', which is also derived from ] (''ostan''), meaning ''land''<ref></ref> gave birth to the word 'Hindustan', which was rendered as ''Hindusthan'' <ref></ref>. Sindhis are an ] language speaking people who have been modified by mainly ], ], ] and indigenous tribal populations over time. As a result of their geographic location and countless invasions and migration, the Sindhis display a wide variety of phenotypes. | |||
| ===Non Ethnic Sindhi occupants since 700 A.D=== | |||
| As regards the composition of the Non Ethnic Sindhi population the two main stocks that inhabit ] are related to, and common, one with the ] and another with ]. The majority stock is that of ]s and ] who are the partial descendants of ], ] and ] who also constitute the majority of the population of the Punjab. During ] rule a number of ] ]s such as the Sials, ]s and Khawars came from the Punjab and settled in Sindh. They are called Sirai i.e., people from the north, and speak ], a group that overlaps and is sometimes considerable transitional between the Punjabis and Sindhis. | |||
| The two main ] tribes of Sind are: the ], descendants of the ] tha ruled ] during (1351 - 1521 A.D.); and the ], descendants of the ] who ruled Sindh during (750 - 1350 A.D.). Among other ]s are the ]s, ]s, Buriros, Lakha, Sahetas, ]s, Mohano, Dahars, Indhar, Chachar, Dhareja, ]s, Dakhan, ] etc. | |||
| The smaller stock is that of ] ]s settled in various parts of Sindh mostly during the last five hundred years or so. Since they were ] people and ruled over Sindh for some time before the arrival of the British, they acquired vast lands in the province with the result that a large number of present-day Sindhi landlords are of Baloch origin. According to the ] census, which was the last one held before independence, ] formed 23% of the total ] of ]. ] tribes are spread over Balochistan, Sindh and the south-western districts of the Punjab. This group is almost entirely Muslim. | |||
| A third sub-stock of the Sindhi population comprises the partial descendants (or claimants) of ] conquerors, administrators and missionaries who were mainly ], ], ] and ] (including the ]). They are a small minority settled in cities and towns and have largely blended with the other components of the population and yet maintain something of a sub-culture and are often referred to as ''Ashraf'' or the ''noble'' descendants of ] immigrants with a certain degree of prestige in society. Of this third element, ] ] have possibly contributed the most to the development of the modern Sindhi language and literature and to the advancement of its intellectual and cultural activities. | |||
| Another group of people who are largely overlooked in any discussions about groups and culture of Sindh are ] a name derived from the term ] formerly used to describe ] people of India. These people are generally believed to be the descendants of indigenous populations that were enslaved by various invading people. Many are still living under abject poverty and in slave like conditions in rural Sindh, because of the benign neglect and only nominal efforts by the government to improve the situation. Some are nominally Hindus where as others have converted to Islam and moved on as artisans and wage laborers. | |||
| The last group of immigrants are the Urdu speaking ]s who occupied Sindh after the ]. | |||
| == See also == | |||
| * ] | |||
| * ] | |||
| ==References== | |||
| <references /> | |||
Latest revision as of 11:16, 3 June 2015
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