Moselle Franconian language: Difference between revisions

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			{{short description\|West Central German language}}
	'''Moselle Franconian''' is a group of ] ]s spoken in parts of the German states of ] and ], in the south of the ], in the neighbouring
			{{Infobox language
	] of ] in ], as well as in ], because of the emigration of numerous German families between 1100 and 1300, primarily from areas in which the Moselle Franconian dialect was spoken at that time. Moselle Franconian is spoken in several North Rhine-Westphalian municipalities around ]. ] is considered a form of Moselle Franconian by some observers while others only acknowledge the fact that Luxembourgish forms a dialect continuum with the corresponding Moselle Franconian dialects spoken on the German side of the border. Moselle Franconian is spoken in around half of the ] and is part of ] ].
			\| name = Moselle Franconian
			\| nativename =
			\| pronunciation =
			\| states = ], ], ], ], ], ]
			\| region = ], ], ], ], ]
			\| speakers = ?
			\| familycolor = Indo-European
			\| fam2 = ]
			\| fam3 = ]
			\| fam4 = ]
			\| fam5 = ]
			\| fam6 = ]
			\| stand1 = ]
			\| ancestor = ]
			\| ancestor2 = ]
			\| ancestor3 = ]
			\| ancestor4 = Old High Franconian
			\| ancestor5 = Old Central Franconian
			\| map = Moselfrankisch.png
			\| mapcaption = Area where Moselle Franconian / ] is spoken with the ] between usage of ''{{Wikt-lang\|lb\|op}}'' and ''{{Wikt-lang\|lb\|of}}'' (]: ''{{Wikt-lang\|de\|auf}}'') shown
			\| nation = {{LUX}}
			\| minority = {{BEL}} (recognised by the ]), {{BRA}} (recognised as Cultural Heritage in the states of ] and ])
			\| agency =
			\| iso3 = none
			\| lc1 = ltz
			\| lc2 = hrx
			\| ld1 = ]
			\| ld2 = ]
			\| glotto = luxe1241
			\| glottorefname = Moselle Franconian
			\| map2 = Lang Status 80-VU.svg
			\| mapcaption2 = {{center\|{{small\|Moselle Franconian is classified as Vulnerable by the ] '']''}}}}
			}}

			]. Moselle Franconian is shown in yellow (Germany) and blue (Luxembourg)]]

			'''Moselle Franconian''' ({{langx\|de\|Moselfränkisch}}; {{langx\|lb\|Muselfränkesch}}) is a ] language, part of the ], that includes ].

			==Overview==
			Moselle Franconian is spoken in the southern ] and along the course of the ], in the ] of ], throughout western ] and ], ], the south of the ] and in the neighboring ] département of ] (in ]). The ] spoken in the ] region of ] is derived from this dialect as a result of the emigration of numerous "]" between 1100 and 1300, primarily from areas in which the Moselle Franconian dialect was then spoken. Another variety of Moselle Franconian, the ], is spoken in some rural areas of ], brought by ] from the ] region in modern Germany.<ref>{{Cite web \|last=Documentação \|first=Coordenadoria de \|title=LEI Nº 16.987, DE 3 DE AGOSTO DE 2016 \|url=http://leis.alesc.sc.gov.br/html/2016/16987_2016_lei.html \|access-date=2022-04-11 \|website=leis.alesc.sc.gov.br}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web \|date=2019-03-30 \|title=Texto da Norma \|url=http://www.al.rs.gov.br/legis/M010/M0100099.ASP?Hid_Tipo=TEXTO&Hid_TodasNormas=58094&hTexto=&Hid_IDNorma=58094 \|access-date=2022-04-11 \|website= \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190330024221/http://www.al.rs.gov.br/legis/M010/M0100099.ASP?Hid_Tipo=TEXTO&Hid_TodasNormas=58094&hTexto=&Hid_IDNorma=58094 \|archive-date=30 March 2019 \|url-status=dead}}</ref>

			== Varieties ==
			The transition between "dialect" and "separate language" is fluid.<ref name="Ammon, 2014"> {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151109200453/http://www.ulrichammon.de/resources/Stellung_der_deutschen_Sprache.pdf \|date=2015-11-09 }} (de Gruyter Mouton; {{ISBN\|978-3-11-019298-8}})</ref>

			The ''Linguasphere Register''<ref>Linguasphere Register, 1999/2000 edition, p. 430</ref> lists five dialects of Moselle Franconian (code 52-ACB-dc) with codes -dca to -dce:

			* ] (Rhineland-Palatinate, Luxembourg, ])
			* ] (Rhineland-Palatinate, East Belgium, Luxembourg, southern ])
			* ] (Rhineland-Palatinate)
			* ] (Rhineland-Palatinate)
			* ] (southern North Rhine-Westphalia, northeastern Rhineland-Palatinate)

			Also considered part of the Moselle Franconian language are the variants of ], ]<ref>http://www.luxembourg.public.lu/catalogue/fr-generalites/ap_histoire/ap_histoire_2008_DE.pdf{{dead link\|date=January 2018 \|bot=InternetArchiveBot \|fix-attempted=yes }} „Im Alltag sprechen die Luxemburger ihren Dialekt, eine moselfränkische Mundart, die sie selbst noch bis Ende des 19. Jahrhunderts als "Lëtzebuerger Däitsch" ("Luxemburger Deutsch") bezeichneten.“</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|url=http://www.luxembourg.public.lu/en/le-grand-duche-se-presente/histoire/histoire-mots/sentiment-national/index.html\|title=The rise of the national sentiment (19th century)\|work=The Official Portal of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg \|via=www.luxembourg.public.lu\|language=en\|access-date=2019-12-01}}</ref> and ].

			Some Moselle Franconian dialects have developed into standardized varieties which can be considered separate languages, especially due to the limited intelligibility of some dialects for Standard German speakers:
			*] (Lëtzebuergesch)
			*]
			*]
			*]

			Most speakers of Luxembourgish are multilingual, speaking Standard German and French in addition to Luxembourgish.

	==See also==		==See also==
	*] (section ''~~Language~~'')		*] (section ''Local dialect'')
	*] (related ~~neighbouring~~ dialect group)		*] (related neighboring dialect group)
			*]

			==References==
			{{Commons category\|Moselfraenkisch dialects}}
			{{Reflist}}

	==Further reading==		== Further reading ==
	*Werner König: ''dtv-Atlas Deutsche Sprache''. dtv-Verlag, München (Munich) 2005; ISBN 3-423-03025-9 (German).		* ]: ''dtv-Atlas Deutsche Sprache''. ], München (Munich) 2005; {{ISBN\|3-423-03025-9}} (German).

	]		{{Germanic languages}}
			{{Authority control}}
			]
			]
			]
			]
			]

⚫	{{ie-lang-stub}}

		⚫	{{Germanic-lang-stub}}
	]
	]
	]
	]
	]

Latest revision as of 03:30, 29 December 2024

West Central German language

Moselle Franconian
Native to	Germany, France, Luxembourg, Belgium, Romania, Brazil
Region	North Rhine-Westphalia, Rhineland-Palatinate, Saarland, Lorraine, Liège
Language family	Indo-European Germanic West Germanic Weser-Rhine Germanic West Central German Central Franconian Moselle Franconian
Early forms	Proto-Indo-European Proto-Germanic Frankish Old High Franconian Old Central Franconian
Standard forms	Luxembourgish
Official status
Official language in	Luxembourg
Recognised minority language in	Belgium (recognised by the French Community of Belgium), Brazil (recognised as Cultural Heritage in the states of Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul)
Language codes
ISO 639-3	None (`mis`) Individual codes: `ltz` – Luxembourgish `hrx` – Hunsrik
Glottolog	`luxe1241`
Area where Moselle Franconian / Luxembourgish is spoken with the isogloss between usage of op and of (Standard German: auf) shown
Moselle Franconian is classified as Vulnerable by the UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger

Moselle Franconian (German: Moselfränkisch; Luxembourgish: Muselfränkesch) is a West Central German language, part of the Central Franconian languages area, that includes Luxembourgish.

Overview

Moselle Franconian is spoken in the southern Rhineland and along the course of the Moselle, in the Siegerland of North Rhine-Westphalia, throughout western Rhineland-Palatinate and Saarland, Luxembourg, the south of the German-speaking Community of Belgium and in the neighboring French département of Moselle (in Arrondissement of Boulay-Moselle). The Transylvanian Saxon dialect spoken in the Transylvania region of Romania is derived from this dialect as a result of the emigration of numerous "Transylvanian Saxons" between 1100 and 1300, primarily from areas in which the Moselle Franconian dialect was then spoken. Another variety of Moselle Franconian, the Hunsrik, is spoken in some rural areas of southern Brazil, brought by 19th century immigrants from the Hunsrück region in modern Germany.

Varieties

The transition between "dialect" and "separate language" is fluid.

The Linguasphere Register lists five dialects of Moselle Franconian (code 52-ACB-dc) with codes -dca to -dce:

Trierisch (Rhineland-Palatinate, Luxembourg, northwestern Saarland)
Eifelisch (Rhineland-Palatinate, East Belgium, Luxembourg, southern North Rhine-Westphalia)
Untermosellanisch (Rhineland-Palatinate)
West-Westerwäldisch (Rhineland-Palatinate)
Siegerländisch (southern North Rhine-Westphalia, northeastern Rhineland-Palatinate)

Also considered part of the Moselle Franconian language are the variants of Lorraine Franconian, Luxembourgish and Transylvanian Saxon dialect.

Some Moselle Franconian dialects have developed into standardized varieties which can be considered separate languages, especially due to the limited intelligibility of some dialects for Standard German speakers:

Most speakers of Luxembourgish are multilingual, speaking Standard German and French in addition to Luxembourgish.

References

Documentação, Coordenadoria de. "LEI Nº 16.987, DE 3 DE AGOSTO DE 2016". leis.alesc.sc.gov.br. Retrieved 2022-04-11.
"Texto da Norma". 2019-03-30. Archived from the original on 30 March 2019. Retrieved 2022-04-11.
Ammon, Ulrich - Die Stellung der deutschen Sprache in der Welt Archived 2015-11-09 at the Wayback Machine (de Gruyter Mouton; ISBN 978-3-11-019298-8)
Linguasphere Register, 1999/2000 edition, p. 430
http://www.luxembourg.public.lu/catalogue/fr-generalites/ap_histoire/ap_histoire_2008_DE.pdf „Im Alltag sprechen die Luxemburger ihren Dialekt, eine moselfränkische Mundart, die sie selbst noch bis Ende des 19. Jahrhunderts als "Lëtzebuerger Däitsch" ("Luxemburger Deutsch") bezeichneten.“
"The rise of the national sentiment (19th century)". The Official Portal of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg. Retrieved 2019-12-01 – via www.luxembourg.public.lu.

Historical forms	Old Frisian Middle Frisian
East Frisian	Ems Saterland Frisian Upgant Frisian Weser Wangerooge Frisian Wursten Frisian Harlingerland Frisian
North Frisian	Insular Eiderstedt Föhr–Amrum Föhr Amrum Heligolandic Sylt Mainland Bökingharde Mooring Halligen Goesharde Northern Central Southern Karrharde Strand Wiedingharde
West Frisian	Hindeloopen Schiermonnikoog Westlauwers–Terschellings Mainland West Frisian Clay Frisian Wood Frisian Westereendersk Terschelling

Low German

Historical forms	Old Saxon Middle Low German
West Low German	Dutch Low Saxon Stellingwarfs Tweants Gronings Drèents Gelders-Overijssels Achterhooks Sallaans Urkers Veluws Northern Low Saxon East Frisian Low Saxon Eastphalian Westphalian
East Low German	Mecklenburgisch-Vorpommersch Brandenburgisch Central Pomeranian East Pomeranian Low Prussian Plautdietsch / Mennonite Low German

Low Franconian

Historical forms	Frankish Old Dutch Middle Dutch
Standard variants	Dutch Afrikaans (Kaaps)
West Low Franconian	Central Dutch Hollandic West Flemish French Flemish Zeelandic East Flemish Brabantian Kleverlandish Surinamese Dutch Jersey Dutch Mohawk Dutch Stadsfries/Bildts/Amelands/Midslands
East Low Franconian	Limburgish
Cover groups	Bergish Meuse-Rhenish

High German
(German)

Historical forms

Old High German
Middle High German
New High German
- Early New High German

Standard German

Non-standard variants
and creoles

Central German

West Central German	Central Franconian Ripuarian Colognian Southeast Limburgish Moselle Franconian Luxembourgish Transylvanian Saxon Hunsrückisch Hunsrik Rhine Franconian Lorraine Franconian Palatine Volga German Pennsylvania Dutch Hessian Central Hessian Amana German
East Central German	Thuringian Upper Saxon Erzgebirgisch Lusatian Silesian German High Prussian Wymysorys Halcnovian

Upper German

North and East

North

Historical forms	Proto-Norse Old Norse Old West Norse Old East Norse Old Gutnish
West	Norwegian Bergensk Kebabnorsk Sognamål Trøndersk Valdris Vestlandsk Vikværsk Bokmål (written) Nynorsk (written) Old Norwegian Middle Norwegian Faroese Icelandic Old Icelandic Middle Icelandic Greenlandic Norse Norn
East	Swedish Swedish dialects Rinkebysvenska Danish Danish dialects Insular Danish Jutlandic South Jutlandic East Danish Bornholmsk Scanian (historically) Southern Schleswig Danish Gøtudanskt Perkerdansk Old Danish Middle Danish Dalecarlian Elfdalian
Gutnish Mainland Gutnish Fårö Gutnish

East

Gothic
- Crimean Gothic
- Ostrogoth
- Visigoth
- Gepid ?
Burgundian
Vandalic
Herulian ?
Skirian ?

Philology

Language subgroups	North East West Elbe (Irminonic) Weser-Rhine (Istvaeonic) North Sea (Ingvaeonic) Northwest Gotho-Nordic South
Reconstructed	Proto-Germanic Proto-Germanic grammar Germanic parent language Ancient Belgian language
Diachronic features	Grimm's law Verner's law Holtzmann's law Sievers's law Kluge's law Germanic substrate hypothesis West Germanic gemination High German consonant shift Germanic a-mutation Germanic umlaut Germanic spirant law Ingvaeonic nasal spirant law Great Vowel Shift
Synchronic features	Germanic verb Germanic strong verb Germanic weak verb Preterite-present verb Grammatischer Wechsel Indo-European ablaut

Italics indicate extinct languages
Languages between parentheses are varieties of the language on their left.

This article about Germanic languages is a stub. You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it.

Categories:

Latest revision as of 03:30, 29 December 2024

Overview

Varieties

See also

References

Further reading