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{{short description|Public university in Kharkiv, Ukraine}}
{{Infobox University|
{{more citations needed|date=February 2020}}
name=V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University|
{{Infobox university
native_name=Харківський національний університет імені В. Н. Каразіна|
image=]| | name = Karazin University<br />{{small|V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University}}
| native_name = Харківський національний університет імені В. Н. Каразіна
latin_name=|
| latin_name = Universitas Charcoviensis<ref>{{Cite book |title=Record of the Jubilee Celebrations of the University of Sydney |date=1903 |publisher=William Brooks and Co. |isbn=9781112213304 |publication-place=], ] |language=en-AU }}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Anderson |first=Peter John |author-link=Peter John Anderson |title=Record of the Celebration of the Quatercentenary of the University of Aberdeen: From 25th to 28th September, 1906 |date=1907 |publisher=Aberdeen University Press (]) |isbn=9781363625079 |publication-place=], ] |language=en-GB |asin=B001PK7B5G}}</ref>
motto=|
| image = Etalon-big.jpg
established=1804|
| image_size = 200px
type=] |
| motto = ''Cognoscere, Docere, Erudire'' (])
staff=1,500|
| mottoeng = To learn, To Educate, To Enlighten
rector=Vil S. Bakirov|
| established = {{Start date and age|1804|1|29|df=y}}
faculty=22|
| type = ]
students=12,400|
| rector = ]
city=]|
| address = 4, Svobody square, 61022
country=]|
| city = {{flagicon|Ukraine}} ]
campus=|
| state = ]
affiliations= ] |
| country = ]
website= |
| students = 17,368
| undergrad =
| postgrad = 500
| administrative_staff =
| faculty = 2,256
| campus = ]
| former_names = Imperial Kharkov University (1804—1917)<br>Free Academy of Theoretical Knowledge (1920—1921)<br>Kharkiv Institute of Public Education (1920—1932)<br>Kharkiv State University (1932—1999)
| colors = ] & ] {{color box|#0000FF}} {{color box|#FFFFFF}}
| affiliations = ], ], ]
| website = {{URL|https://www.karazin.ua/en/|karazin.ua}}
| logo = {{Infobox building
| embed = yes
| name = Main building of Kharkiv University
| native_name = Головний корпус Харківського університету
| native_name_lang = uk
| image = Karazin_univer2_(3).jpg
| image_size = 250px
| caption =
| start_date =
| completion_date = 1932
| location = Kharkiv, Ukraine
| coordinates =
| map_type =
| architectural =
| status =
| antenna_spire =
| top_floor =
| floor_count =
| elevator_count =
| floor_area =
| developer =
| owner =
}} }}
}}
'''Kharkiv University''' or '''Karazin''' '''University'''<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://karazin.university/%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ac%d8%a7%d9%85%d8%b9%d8%a9/?lang=en|title=Modern university|website=Karazin University|access-date=2017-07-14|archive-date=2020-10-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201020092129/https://karazin.university/%D8%B9%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%A9/?lang=en|url-status=dead}}</ref> ({{langx|uk|Каразінський університет}}), officially '''V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University''' ({{langx|uk|Харківський національний університет імені В. Н. Каразіна}}), is a public university in ], ]. It was founded in 1804 through the efforts of ] becoming the second oldest university in modern-day Ukraine.


During the ], all buildings were partially or fully destroyed by attacks from Russian forces.<ref>, ''Объектив'' (22 March 2022)</ref><ref>, ''Chytomo'' (3 April 2022)</ref>
'''V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University''' or '''V. N. Karazin Kharkov National University''' (]: ''Харківський національний університет імені В. Н. Каразіна'', ]: ''Харьковский национальный университет имени В. Н. Каразина'') in the city of ], is one of the major universities in ], and earlier in the ] and ]. It was founded in 1805 through the efforts of ] (after whom the university is now named) becoming the second oldest university in Ukraine after the ].


==History==
Among the scholars associated with the university there are three ] winners:
{{unreferenced section|date=February 2015}}
* ] (Medicine, 1908)

* ] (Physics, 1962)
===Russian Empire===
* ] (Economics, 1971)
On {{OldStyleDate|29 January|1805|17 January}}, the Decree on the Opening of the Imperial University in Kharkiv came into force. The university became the second university in the south of the ]. It was founded on the initiative of the local community with ] at the fore, whose idea was supported by the nobility and the local authorities. Count Seweryn Potocki was appointed the first supervisor of the university, the first ] being the ] and philosopher Ivan Rizhsky.

In 1811, the Philotechnical Society was founded, while the Mathematical Society of Kharkiv, the Historical and Philological Society of Kharkiv, the Naturalists Society, Societies of Physics, Chemistry, Law, among others, were established in the second half of the 19th century. The first periodicals in ] appear in the university around this time, including ''Kharkovski Ezhenedelnik'' (1812), ''Ukrainski Vestnik'' (1816–1819), ''Ukrainski Zhurnal'' (1824–1825), etc.

In 1839, a veterinary school, which in 1851 became an independent institute, was established at the university. By this time, the campus included laboratories, clinics, an astronomical observatory, a botanical garden and a library.

Previously, the university was autonomous with rectors being elected. However, from 1820 to 1850, all its activity was strictly controlled. Rectors were appointed by the Minister of Education, while scientific publications, and academic processes were censored.

In 1863, under a new Statute,{{which|date=February 2015}} the university became partly autonomous.

The university has been publishing ''Scientific Notes'' since 1874.

From the 19th century up to the early 20th century, the University of Kharkiv had four schools: School of Physics and Mathematics, School of History and Philology, School of Medicine, School of Law.

The university exerted great influence on school-life in Slobozhanshchyna in the first period of its existence, largely from 1805 to 1835.{{citation needed|date=February 2020}}

===Ukrainian SSR===
From 1917 to 1920, there was a struggle between advocates of the Ukrainian statehood and Russian course. Some of the professors who opposed new political realities left. Most of the Ukrainian professors remained in Kharkiv. They continued working in the institutions founded by the Soviet government: the Academy of Theoretical Knowledge (1920–1921), Kharkiv Institute of Public Education (KhIPE, 1921–1930), Kharkiv Institute of National Economy, Institute of Physics and Chemistry, and Institute of Law. Kharkiv State University, consisting of seven schools — School of Physics and Mathematics, School of Chemistry, School of Biology, School of Geology and Geography, School of Literature and Linguistics (with Department of Philosophy), and School of Economy (with Department of Economic Geography) — was restored on their basis in 1932–1933.

In 1921, Kharkiv Medical Institute was founded based on the School of Medicine of the University of Kharkiv.{{citation needed|date=February 2020}}

In 1936, the university was named after the late Russian writer ] (though he was not related to the university during his life). During the ], it was evacuated to the city of Kizilord in ], where it merged with the ] to form the United Ukrainian State University.<ref>{{cite web |title=KNU-history - Open University of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv |url=https://knu.edu.eu/knu-history |website=knu.edu.eu |access-date=17 May 2022}}</ref> In 1943/44, the university returned to Kharkiv (the first academic year after the liberation of the city on 1 November 1943). In 1951, 800 university students suffered from persecution after they refused to pass exams in ]. Court trials were held behind closed doors.{{citation needed|date=February 2020}}

In 1977, the following schools were operating in the university: School of Mechanics and Mathematics, School of Physics, School of Geology and Geography, School of Economy, School of History, School of Philology, School of Foreign Languages, School of General Sciences, School of Correspondence Learning, and Night School.{{citation needed|date=February 2020}}

===Independent Ukraine===
]]]
On 11 October 1999, ], the ] issued a decree, in which he, "taking into consideration considerable contribution that Kharkiv State University made to training qualified specialists and to development of science" granted the status of a national university and named it after its founder, ].{{citation needed|date=February 2020}}

In 2004, the university was given a twin building (the former Govorov Academy), opposite Svobody Square.{{citation needed|date=February 2020}}
Russian shelling hit the building of the Faculty of Economics<ref>{{Cite web |last=Sistek |first=Scott |date=2022-03-25 |title=Massive icicles hang from destroyed Ukrainian school amid nearly week-long freeze |url=https://www.foxweather.com/weather-news/massive-icicles-hang-from-destroyed-ukrainian-school-amid-nearly-week-long-freeze |access-date=2022-04-18 |website=FOX Weather |language=en-US}}</ref> which was subsequently destroyed by further Russian shelling.<ref>{{Cite news |last=McCann |first=Allison |last2=Gamio |first2=Lazaro |last3=Lu |first3=Denise |last4=Robles |first4=Pablo |date=2022-03-17 |title=Russia Is Destroying Kharkiv |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2022/03/17/world/europe/russia-destroying-kharkiv.html |access-date=2022-04-18 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> On 5 March the university sports complex was partially destroyed. On 11 March — the building of the Faculty of Physics and Technology was partially destroyed and on 18 March — the Institute of Public Administration was partially ruined. As of 22 March 2022, according to the university's press service, the university had no intact buildings left.

==Campuses and buildings==
* Main building
* Northern building
* Central Scientific Library
* Students’ Campus

==Ranking==
{{Infobox university rankings
| ARWU_W = | ARWU_W_year = | ARWU_W_ref =
| THE_W =477 | THE_W_year = 2021 | THE_W_ref =<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.timeshighereducation.com/world-university-rankings/2020/world-ranking#!/page/0/length/25/locations/UA/sort_by/rank/sort_order/asc/cols/stats|title = World University Rankings|date = 20 August 2019}}</ref>
}}
Under the Soviet Union, the University of Kharkiv was decorated the ], the ] and the Order of Peoples' Friendship.{{citation needed|date=February 2020}}

{{Infobox university rankings
| ARWU_W = | ARWU_W_year = | ARWU_W_ref =
| CWTS_W = | CWTS_W_year = | CWTS_W_ref =
| QS_EECA =23 | QS_EECA_year =2024 | QS_EECA_ref =<ref>{{Cite web |title=V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University |url=https://www.topuniversities.com/universities/v-n-karazin-kharkiv-national-university |access-date=2024-03-04 |website=Top Universities |language=en}}</ref>| QS_W = | QS_W_year = | QS_W_ref =
| THE_W = | THE_W_year = | THE_W_ref =
| USNWR_W = | USNWR_W_year = | USNWR_W_ref =
}}

Kharkiv National University holds the second place in Ukraine in volume of publications and citations in scientific database ] and the ], with the best academic results in the School of Medicine and School of Biology.

In 2017, according to QS World Univeristy Rankings, it is the best university in Ukraine and ranks as 382th university in the world.
Also, in 2021, according to THE World University Rankings,<ref>{{cite web| url=https://www.topuniversities.com/universities/v-n-karazin-kharkiv-national-university | title=World University Rankings 2021 | access-date=2021-06-12 }}</ref> it is the best university in Ukraine and ranks as 477th university in the world.


==Units== ==Units==
]
]


===Departments===
* Faculty of Biology
*
* Faculty of Chemistry
*
* Faculty of Ecology
*
* Faculty of Economics
*
* Faculty of International Economic Relations and Tourist Industry
*
* Faculty of Foreign Languages
*
* Faculty of Medicine
*
* Faculty of Geology and Geography
*
* Faculty of History
*
* Faculty of Law
*
* Faculty of Mathematics and Mechanical Engineering
*
* Faculty of Physics
*
* Faculty of Philology
*
* Faculty of Philosophy
*
* Faculty of Professional Re-Training
*
* Faculty of Psychology
*
* Faculty of Radio Physics
*
* Faculty of Sociology
*
* The International Students Education Centre
*
*
*
*
*
* ]


===Institute of High Tech=== ===Institute of High Technologies===
* Faculty of Physics and Technology * ]
* Faculty of Computer Science * School of Computer Science
* Faculty of Physics and Energy * School of Energy Physics


===Research Institutions=== ===Scientific institutions===
* ]
* State Natural History Museum of National University of Kharkiv
* The Museum of Archaeology
* The Museum of Astronomy (Hosted by the ])


==Notable alumni and professors==
== External links ==
<gallery widths="135" heights="135" caption="'''Notable alumni of Kharkiv University'''">
{{commonscat|Kharkov University}}
File:Ilya Mechnikov nobel.jpg|]
* in the ].
File:Landau.jpg|]
File:Simon Kuznets 1971b.jpg|]
File:Jozef Pilsudski in 1899.jpg|]
File:Portrait of Historian M. Kostomarov by Nikolay Ghe.jpg|]
</gallery>]


===] winners===
* {{uk icon}} {{en icon}}
* ] (Medicine, 1908)
* ] (Physics, 1962)
* ]<ref>{{cite journal
|last = Goldthwaite
|first = Richard
|author2=Abramovitz M.
|date = 1986
|title = Association Notes: In Memoriam: Frederic C. Lane 1900-1984, Simon Kuznets 1901-1985
|jstor = 2121281
|journal = The Journal of Economic History
|volume = 46
|issue = 1
|pages = 239–246
|doi = 10.1017/S0022050700045630
|doi-access= free
}}</ref><ref>{{cite web
|author = Weyl, E. Glen
|year = 2007
|title = Simon Kuznets: Cautious Empiricist of the Eastern European Jewish Diaspora
|url = http://home.uchicago.edu/weyl/Kuznets_Final_11_10.pdf
|page = 8
|publisher = Harvard University Society of Fellows; Toulouse School of Economics
|access-date = 2012-02-04
|url-status = dead
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20131017201504/http://home.uchicago.edu/weyl/Kuznets_Final_11_10.pdf
|archive-date = 2013-10-17
}}</ref><ref>{{cite web
|author = University of Kharkiv
|title = Historical background
|url = http://www.univer.kharkov.ua/en/general/our_university/history
|access-date = 10 April 2014
}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=Ökonomie in Theorie und Praxis: Festschrift für Helmut Frisch |editor1-first=Günther |editor1-last=Chaloupek |editor2-first=Alois |editor2-last=Guger |editor3-first=Ewald |editor3-last=Nowotny |editor4-first=Gerhard |editor4-last=Schwödiauer |edition=German |publisher=Springer |language=de, en |isbn=3540422404 |year=2001 |page=286 |chapter=Schumpeter and Schools of Economic Thoughts |first=Mark |last=Perlman |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kcFP8wJLOdMC&q=Simon+Kuznets+Kharkov&pg=PA286}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=Fifty Major Economists |first=Steven |last=Pressman |publisher=Routledge |isbn=0415366488 |page= |year=2006 |url=https://archive.org/details/fiftymajoreconom0000pres|url-access=registration |quote=Simon Kuznets university Kharkov. }}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=Jewish Economies: Development and Migration in America and Beyond |volume=I |first=Kuznetz |last=Simon |editor-first=E. Glen |editor-last=Weyl |editor2-first=Stephanie H. |editor2-last=Lo |publisher=Transaction Publishers |isbn=978-1412842112 |year=2011 |page=xix |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IswkeZElA70C&q=simon+kuznets+university+kharkov&pg=PR19}}</ref> (Economic Sciences, 1971)


===Others===
* ], Chief of State of Poland, first ]
* ], author, activist
* ], theatre director
* ], computer scientist
* ], synchro swimmer
* ], singer, musician
* ], chess ]
* ], physician


==Rectors==
{{Universities in Ukraine}}
]
]


* 1805—1806, 1808—1811 {{ill|Ivan Rizhsky|uk|Рижський Іван Степанович|ru|Рижский, Иван Степанович}}
{{coord missing|Ukraine}}
* 1807—1808, 1811—1813 ]
* 1813—1820 ]
* 1821—1826 {{ill|Vasily Dzhunkovsky|uk|Джунковський Василь Якович|ru|Джунковский, Василий Яковлевич}}
* 1826—1829, 1833—1836 {{ill|Johan Christian Kroneberg|uk|Кронеберг Іван Якович|ru|Кронеберг, Иван Яковлевич|de|Johann Christian Kroneberg}}
* 1829—1830 ]
* 1830—1833 {{ill|Nikolai Yellinsky|uk|Єллінський Микола Іванович|ru|Еллинский, Николай Иванович}}
* 1836—1837 {{ill|Vasily Komlishinsky|uk|Комлішинський Василь Сергійович|ru|Комлишинский, Василий Сергеевич|de|Wassili Sergejewitsch Komlischinski}}
* 1837—1838 {{ill|Andrey Pavlovsky|uk|Павловський Андрій Федорович|ru|Павловский, Андрей Фёдорович|de|Andrei Fjodorowitsch Pawlowski}}
* 1839—1841, 1849—1850, 1852—1853 {{ill|Alexey Kunitsyn|uk|Куніцин Олексій Васильович}}
* 1841—1849 {{ill|Petro Hulak-Artemovskyi|uk|Гулак-Артемовський Петро Петрович|ru|Гулак-Артемовский, Пётр Петрович}}
* 1850—1852, 1872—1873 {{ill|Alexander Paliumbetsky|uk|Палюмбецький Олександр Іванович|ru|Палюмбецкий, Александр Иванович}}
* 1853—1859 {{ill|Karl Voigt|uk|Фойгт Карл Карлович|ru|Фойгт, Карл Карлович}}
* 1859—1862 {{ill|Alexander Roslavsky-Petrovsky|uk|Рославський Олександр Петрович|ru|Рославский-Петровский, Александр Петрович}}
* 1862—1872 {{ill|Vladimir Kochetov|ru|Кочетов, Владимир Иоакимович}}
* 1873—1881 {{ill|Adolphe Pitra|uk|Пітра Адольф Самойлович|ru|Питра, Адольф Самойлович}}
* 1881—1884 {{ill|Grigory Tsekhanovetsky|uk|Цехановецький Григорій Матвійович|ru|Цехановецкий, Григорий Матвеевич}}
* 1884—1890 {{ill|Ivan Shchelkov|uk|Щелков Іван Петрович|ru|Щелков, Иван Петрович}}
* 1890—1899 ]
* 1899—1901 {{ill|Herman Lagermarck|uk|Лагермарк Герман Іванович|ru|Лагермарк, Герман Иванович|fi|Berndt Herman Ivar Lagermarck}}
* 1901—1905 {{ill|Nikolay Kuplevasky|uk|Куплеваський Микола Йосипович|ru|Куплеваский, Николай Осипович}}
* 1905—1906 {{ill|Ludwig Reinhard|uk|Рейнгард Людвиг Васильович|ru|Рейнгард, Людвиг Васильевич}}
* 1906—1911 ]
* 1912—1918 {{ill|Ivan Netushil|uk|Нетушил Іван В'ячеславович|ru|Нетушил, Иван Вячеславович}}
* 1918—1919 {{ill|Porfiry Pyatnitsky|uk|П'ятницький Порфирій Петрович}}
* 1919—1920 {{ill|Vladimir Levitsky|uk|Левитський Володимир Фавстович|ru|Левитский, Владимир Фавстович}}
* 1920—1922 {{ill|Anthony-Boniface Psheborskyi|uk|Пшеборський Антоній-Боніфацій Павлович}}
* 1922—1924 {{ill|Semen Strelbytskyi|uk|Стрельбицький Семен Дементійович|ru|Стрельбицкий, Семён Дементьевич}}
* 1924—1930 {{ill|Myroslav Gavrylov|uk|Гаврилів Мирослав Степанович|ru|Гаврилов, Мирослав Степанович}}]
* 1930—1934 {{ill|Yakov Bludov|uk|Блудов Яків Семенович}}
* 1934—1937 {{ill|Oleksiy Neforosny|uk|Нехворостний (Нефоросний) Олексій Іванович}}
* 1937—1938 {{ill|Lazar Gurevich|uk|Гуревич Лазар Ізраїльович|ru|Гуревич, Лазарь Израилевич}}
* 1938—1941 ]
* 1941—1942 {{ill|Andriy Zhelehovskyi|uk|Желеховський Андрій Володимирович}}
* 1942—1943 {{ill|Mykhailo Vetukhov|uk|Ветухів Михайло Олексійович}}
* 1943 {{ill|Oleksiy Rusko|uk|Русько Олексій Микитович}}
* 1943—1945 ]
* 1945—1960 {{ill|Ivan Bulankin|uk|Буланкін Іван Миколайович|ru|Буланкин, Иван Николаевич}}
* 1960—1966 {{ill|Volodymyr Lavrushyn|uk|Лаврушин Володимир Федорович|ru|Лаврушин, Владимир Фёдорович}}
* 1966—1975 {{ill|Volodymyr Hotkevich|uk|Хоткевич Володимир Гнатович|ru|Хоткевич, Владимир Игнатьевич}}
* 1975—1993 {{ill|Ivan Tarapov|uk|Тарапов Іван Євгенович}}
* 1993—1998 {{ill|Svich Vasyl|uk|Свіч Василь Антонович|ru|Свич, Василий Антонович}}
* 1998—2021 {{ill|Vil Bakirov|uk|Бакіров Віль Савбанович|ru|Бакиров, Виль Савбанович}}
* 2021—present {{ill|Tatyana Kaganovska|uk|Кагановська Тетяна Євгеніївна|ru|Кагановская, Татьяна Евгеньевна}}


==See also==
]
] * ]
* ]
]


==References==
{{Euro-university-stub}}
{{reflist}}


==External links==
]
{{commons category|Kharkiv University}}
]
* {{in lang|en|uk|fr|ar}}
]
* at ]
]
* {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110224062302/http://www-library.univer.kharkov.ua/ |date=2011-02-24 }} {{in lang|en|uk|ru}}
]

]
{{Higher education in Kharkiv Oblast}}
{{Universities in Ukraine}}
{{Research Universities in Ukraine}}
{{Authority control}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2024}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Kharkiv, University of}}
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Latest revision as of 13:45, 21 November 2024

Public university in Kharkiv, Ukraine
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Karazin University
V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University
Харківський національний університет імені В. Н. Каразіна
Latin: Universitas Charcoviensis
Former namesImperial Kharkov University (1804—1917)
Free Academy of Theoretical Knowledge (1920—1921)
Kharkiv Institute of Public Education (1920—1932)
Kharkiv State University (1932—1999)
MottoCognoscere, Docere, Erudire (Latin)
Motto in EnglishTo learn, To Educate, To Enlighten
TypeNational university
Established29 January 1804; 220 years ago (1804-01-29)
RectorTetyana Kahanovska
Academic staff2,256
Students17,368
Postgraduates500
Address4, Svobody square, 61022, Ukraine Kharkiv, Kharkiv Oblast, Ukraine
CampusUrban
ColorsBlue & White    
AffiliationsIAU, EUA, WHO
Websitekarazin.ua
Building details
Головний корпус Харківського університету
General information
LocationKharkiv, Ukraine
Completed1932

Kharkiv University or Karazin University (Ukrainian: Каразінський університет), officially V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University (Ukrainian: Харківський національний університет імені В. Н. Каразіна), is a public university in Kharkiv, Ukraine. It was founded in 1804 through the efforts of Vasily Karazin becoming the second oldest university in modern-day Ukraine.

During the Russian invasion of Ukraine, all buildings were partially or fully destroyed by attacks from Russian forces.

History

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Russian Empire

On 29 January [O.S. 17 January] 1805, the Decree on the Opening of the Imperial University in Kharkiv came into force. The university became the second university in the south of the Russian Empire. It was founded on the initiative of the local community with Vasily Karazin at the fore, whose idea was supported by the nobility and the local authorities. Count Seweryn Potocki was appointed the first supervisor of the university, the first rector being the philologist and philosopher Ivan Rizhsky.

In 1811, the Philotechnical Society was founded, while the Mathematical Society of Kharkiv, the Historical and Philological Society of Kharkiv, the Naturalists Society, Societies of Physics, Chemistry, Law, among others, were established in the second half of the 19th century. The first periodicals in Slobozhanshchyna appear in the university around this time, including Kharkovski Ezhenedelnik (1812), Ukrainski Vestnik (1816–1819), Ukrainski Zhurnal (1824–1825), etc.

In 1839, a veterinary school, which in 1851 became an independent institute, was established at the university. By this time, the campus included laboratories, clinics, an astronomical observatory, a botanical garden and a library.

Previously, the university was autonomous with rectors being elected. However, from 1820 to 1850, all its activity was strictly controlled. Rectors were appointed by the Minister of Education, while scientific publications, and academic processes were censored.

In 1863, under a new Statute, the university became partly autonomous.

The university has been publishing Scientific Notes since 1874.

From the 19th century up to the early 20th century, the University of Kharkiv had four schools: School of Physics and Mathematics, School of History and Philology, School of Medicine, School of Law.

The university exerted great influence on school-life in Slobozhanshchyna in the first period of its existence, largely from 1805 to 1835.

Ukrainian SSR

From 1917 to 1920, there was a struggle between advocates of the Ukrainian statehood and Russian course. Some of the professors who opposed new political realities left. Most of the Ukrainian professors remained in Kharkiv. They continued working in the institutions founded by the Soviet government: the Academy of Theoretical Knowledge (1920–1921), Kharkiv Institute of Public Education (KhIPE, 1921–1930), Kharkiv Institute of National Economy, Institute of Physics and Chemistry, and Institute of Law. Kharkiv State University, consisting of seven schools — School of Physics and Mathematics, School of Chemistry, School of Biology, School of Geology and Geography, School of Literature and Linguistics (with Department of Philosophy), and School of Economy (with Department of Economic Geography) — was restored on their basis in 1932–1933.

In 1921, Kharkiv Medical Institute was founded based on the School of Medicine of the University of Kharkiv.

In 1936, the university was named after the late Russian writer Maxim Gorky (though he was not related to the university during his life). During the German-Soviet war, it was evacuated to the city of Kizilord in Kazakhstan, where it merged with the Kyiv University to form the United Ukrainian State University. In 1943/44, the university returned to Kharkiv (the first academic year after the liberation of the city on 1 November 1943). In 1951, 800 university students suffered from persecution after they refused to pass exams in Russian. Court trials were held behind closed doors.

In 1977, the following schools were operating in the university: School of Mechanics and Mathematics, School of Physics, School of Geology and Geography, School of Economy, School of History, School of Philology, School of Foreign Languages, School of General Sciences, School of Correspondence Learning, and Night School.

Independent Ukraine

Vasily Karazin

On 11 October 1999, Leonid Kuchma, the President of Ukraine issued a decree, in which he, "taking into consideration considerable contribution that Kharkiv State University made to training qualified specialists and to development of science" granted the status of a national university and named it after its founder, Vasyl Karazin.

In 2004, the university was given a twin building (the former Govorov Academy), opposite Svobody Square. 

Russian shelling hit the building of the Faculty of Economics which was subsequently destroyed by further Russian shelling. On 5 March the university sports complex was partially destroyed. On 11 March — the building of the Faculty of Physics and Technology was partially destroyed and on 18 March — the Institute of Public Administration was partially ruined. As of 22 March 2022, according to the university's press service, the university had no intact buildings left.

Campuses and buildings

  • Main building
  • Northern building
  • Central Scientific Library
  • Students’ Campus

Ranking

University rankings
Global – Overall
THE World477 (2021)

Under the Soviet Union, the University of Kharkiv was decorated the Order of the Red Banner of Labour, the Order of the October Revolution and the Order of Peoples' Friendship.

University rankings
Regional – Overall
QS Emerging Europe and Central Asia23 (2024)

Kharkiv National University holds the second place in Ukraine in volume of publications and citations in scientific database Scopus and the Hirsch index, with the best academic results in the School of Medicine and School of Biology.

In 2017, according to QS World Univeristy Rankings, it is the best university in Ukraine and ranks as 382th university in the world. Also, in 2021, according to THE World University Rankings, it is the best university in Ukraine and ranks as 477th university in the world.

Units

The main academic building

Departments

Institute of High Technologies

Scientific institutions

Notable alumni and professors

Monument to Élie Metchnikoff, Lev Landau, Simon Kuznets

Nobel prize winners

Others

Rectors

The first rector of the Imperial Kharkov University Ivan Rizhsky
Governor's Palace, late 19th century. Old university building

See also

References

  1. Record of the Jubilee Celebrations of the University of Sydney. Sydney, New South Wales: William Brooks and Co. 1903. ISBN 9781112213304.
  2. Anderson, Peter John (1907). Record of the Celebration of the Quatercentenary of the University of Aberdeen: From 25th to 28th September, 1906. Aberdeen, United Kingdom: Aberdeen University Press (University of Aberdeen). ASIN B001PK7B5G. ISBN 9781363625079.
  3. "Modern university". Karazin University. Archived from the original on 20 October 2020. Retrieved 14 July 2017.
  4. "25 меценатов сделали пожертвования на восстановление Харьковского университета", Объектив (22 March 2022)
  5. "Russians have completely destroyed Karazin University in Kharkiv", Chytomo (3 April 2022)
  6. "KNU-history - Open University of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv". knu.edu.eu. Retrieved 17 May 2022.
  7. Sistek, Scott (25 March 2022). "Massive icicles hang from destroyed Ukrainian school amid nearly week-long freeze". FOX Weather. Retrieved 18 April 2022.
  8. McCann, Allison; Gamio, Lazaro; Lu, Denise; Robles, Pablo (17 March 2022). "Russia Is Destroying Kharkiv". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 18 April 2022.
  9. "World University Rankings". 20 August 2019.
  10. "V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University". Top Universities. Retrieved 4 March 2024.
  11. "World University Rankings 2021". Retrieved 12 June 2021.
  12. Goldthwaite, Richard; Abramovitz M. (1986). "Association Notes: In Memoriam: Frederic C. Lane 1900-1984, Simon Kuznets 1901-1985". The Journal of Economic History. 46 (1): 239–246. doi:10.1017/S0022050700045630. JSTOR 2121281.
  13. Weyl, E. Glen (2007). "Simon Kuznets: Cautious Empiricist of the Eastern European Jewish Diaspora" (PDF). Harvard University Society of Fellows; Toulouse School of Economics. p. 8. Archived from the original (PDF) on 17 October 2013. Retrieved 4 February 2012.
  14. University of Kharkiv. "Historical background". Retrieved 10 April 2014.
  15. Perlman, Mark (2001). "Schumpeter and Schools of Economic Thoughts". In Chaloupek, Günther; Guger, Alois; Nowotny, Ewald; Schwödiauer, Gerhard (eds.). Ökonomie in Theorie und Praxis: Festschrift für Helmut Frisch (in German and English) (German ed.). Springer. p. 286. ISBN 3540422404.
  16. Pressman, Steven (2006). Fifty Major Economists. Routledge. p. 181. ISBN 0415366488. Simon Kuznets university Kharkov.
  17. Simon, Kuznetz (2011). Weyl, E. Glen; Lo, Stephanie H. (eds.). Jewish Economies: Development and Migration in America and Beyond. Vol. I. Transaction Publishers. p. xix. ISBN 978-1412842112.

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