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{{Short description|Municipality in Leyte, Philippines}}
{{Cleanup|date=January 2009}}
{{POV|date=January 2009}} {{More citations needed|date=June 2013}}
{{Infobox settlement
]
| name = {{PH wikidata|name}}
'''Barugo''' is a 4th class ] in the ] of ], ]. According to the 2000 census, it has a population of 26,919 people in 5,108 households.
| image_skyline = Church of Barugo, Leyte.jpg
| image_caption = Church of Barugo
| image_flag = Flag_of_Barugo.png
| flag_size = 120x80px
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| pushpin_label_position = right
| pushpin_map_caption = Location within the {{PH wikidata|country}}
| coordinates = {{PH wikidata|coordinates}}
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| subdivision_name = ]
| subdivision_type1 = ]
| subdivision_name1 = {{PH wikidata|region}}
| subdivision_type2 = ]
| subdivision_name2 = {{PH wikidata|province}}
| official_name = {{PH wikidata|official_name}}
| etymology = <!--origin of name-->
| named_for = <!--named after (if person or place)-->
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| subdivision_name3 = {{PH legislative district}}
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| established_date = <!--foundation date-->
| parts_type = ]s
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| p1 = {{PH barangay count | {{wikidata|label|raw}} }} (see ])
| leader_title = ]
| leader_name = Dr. Aron C. Balais
| leader_title1 = ]
| leader_name1 = Josephine C. Tiu
| leader_title2 = ] <!--congressman or congresswoman --><!--congressman or congresswoman -->
| leader_name2 = Lolita T. Javier
| leader_title3 = Councilors
| leader_name3 = {{Collapsible list
| title = List
| frame_style = border:none; padding: 0;
| list_style = text-align:left;display:none;
| 1 = • Antonio C. Arpon
| 2 = • Jeffrey P. Cañezal
| 3 = • Jose A. Avestruz
| 4 = • Jesus B. Cabanacan
| 5 = • Roberto A. Modesto
| 6 = • Oscar L. Apostol
| 7 = • Rodolfo P. Badiable
| 8 = • Federico A. Ayes
| 9 = <small></small>
}}
| leader_title4 = ]
| leader_name4 = {{PH wikidata|electorate}} voters (])
| government_type = {{PH wikidata|government_type}}
| government_footnotes = {{thinsp}}<ref>{{DILG detail}}</ref>
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| elevation_max_m = 1290
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| postal2_code_type = {{PSGCstyle}}
| postal2_code = {{PSGC detail}}
| area_code_type = {{areacodestyle}}
| area_code = {{PH wikidata|area_code}}
| website = {{PH wikidata|website}}
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| demographics1_title2 = ]
| demographics1_info2 = {{PH wikidata|poverty_incidence}}% ({{PH wikidata|poverty_incidence_point_in_time}}){{PH wikidata|poverty_incidence_footnotes}}
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| demographics1_info3 = {{PH wikidata|revenue}} {{PH wikidata|revenue_point_in_time}}
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| demographics1_info10 = {{PH wikidata|liabilities}} {{PH wikidata|liabilities_point_in_time}}
| demographics_type2 = Service provider
| demographics2_title1 = Electricity
| demographics2_info1 = {{PH electricity distribution | {{wikidata|label|raw}} }}
| demographics2_title2 = Water
| demographics2_info2 =
| demographics2_title3 = Telecommunications
| demographics2_info3 =
| demographics2_title4 = Cable TV
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| demographics2_title10 =
| demographics2_info10 =
| blank_name_sec1 = {{PH wikidata|climate_title}}
| blank_info_sec1 = {{PH wikidata|climate_type}}
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| blank1_info_sec1 = {{PH wikidata|language}}
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| blank3_info_sec1 =
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| blank1_name_sec2 = Major religions
| blank1_info_sec2 =
| blank2_name_sec2 = Feast date
| blank2_info_sec2 =
| blank3_name_sec2 = Catholic diocese
| blank3_info_sec2 =
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}}


'''Barugo''' (IPA: ]]), officially the '''Municipality of Barugo''' ({{langx|war|Bungto han Barugo}}; {{langx|tl|Bayan ng Barugo}}), is a ] in the ] of ], ]. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 34,497 people.{{PH census|current}}
'''Elected Municipal Officials (2007 to Present):'''


Residents of the town of Barugo are traditionally referred to as ''Barugonon'' but often incorrectly referred to as ''Barugueños''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mapsguidesandmore.com/Philippines-Eastern_Visayas|title= ''Cities, towns & villages in Eastern Visayas''
'''Mayor'''
| website=www.mapsguidesandmore.com|access-date=January 8, 2019}}</ref>
Atty. Alden Avestruz


Barugo is a town in the northern coastal part of Leyte province facing ], {{convert|50|km}} north-west of ] City, whose history dates back to the early days of Spanish colonization.
'''Vice-Mayor'''
Alvino Aruta


==Etymology==
'''Councilors'''
In Barugo there is a legend which was being taught to elementary pupils during the 1950s and 1960s regarding how the town got its name. The legend goes like this: "Once upon a time there was a man named Cassadok. One day while he was resting by the river bank under the shade of a giant tree, a Spaniard came along and asked him the name of the place. Cassadok did not understand Spanish and thinking the Spaniard was asking the name of the big shady tree, answered "Balugo." From that time on, the place came to be known as "Balugo." When the Americans came, they changed the letter "L" to "R" and thus to this day the town is called Barugo." This story has no basis in fact and is simply a legend. For the early Spanish historians and chroniclers have always referred to the town by the name it carries today, Barugo.
Jose Benusa, Jose Caneda, Oscar De Guzman, Silvestre Alcober, Bella Tupaz, Virginia Arpon, Josephine Tiu, Artemio Apostol, Salgar "Bugal" Deveyra - ABC President


==Barangays== ==History==
Early during the Spanish rule, the area was given the status of a ''pueblo'' (town) when it was established as an "'']''." An encomienda was a ] awarded to deserving Spaniards for services rendered to the Spanish Crown. The grantee of an encomienda, known as encomiendero, was given the right to rule the encomienda in accordance with the Spanish laws and to extract tributes from the natives, part of which went to the Spanish Crown.


Miguel Lopez de Legaspi, the first governor of '']'', started the practice of designating large landed estates as encomiendas. Only ten months after Cebu and Manila became encomiendas, Barugo was also designated as one on November 3, 1571. Rodrigo de Vargas was the first encomiendero for Barugo.
{{Mergefrom|Barangays of Barugo, Leyte|date=October 2007}}


The education of the natives in Leyte started with the arrival of the ] on July 16, 1595. The mission schools in the beginning concentrated on the basics of Christianity. Barugo initially was only a "''visita''" of ], meaning that it was under the administrative and spiritual supervision of the curate of Carigara, and was under the care of Fr. Mateo Sanchez, who eventually became its first ] after Barugo was declared as an independent parish. It was Fr. Sanchez who established the first church in Barugo.
Barugo is politically subdivided into 37 ]s.


The Jesuits stayed in Leyte from 1595 to 1767. During that time they expanded their influence starting from Carigara and Barugo, in the hinterlands of Ogmuc (Ormoc), Dulac (Dulag), Palo, Alangalang, Malibago (?) and the entire island of Cibabaw (Samar). When ] ordered the expulsion of the Jesuits from all Spanish dominions in 1767, the Jesuit mission on Leyte was handed over to the ]. And later in 1843, the same missions were taken over by the ]. Fray Timoteo Calderon was the first Franciscan curate assigned to Barugo. At that time in 1843, Barugo already had 1,744 taxpayers and 8,381 residents. The towns of Alangalang, Jaro, Babatngon, Malibago (?) and ] were once only "visitas" of Barugo.
{| border="0"

|-----
Today Barugo nestles along the coast of Carigara Bay. But the original settlement of Barugo was way upstream by the banks of the Himanglos River, which during the time of the conquistadores was called Barugo River.
| valign="top" |

It is highly probable that the first Barugo settlement was in the place which is now known as Nasunogan, meaning a place burned down. This assumption is born by the fact that the old Spanish road leading to the towns of Tunga and Jaro starts at this place and the ruins of an old Spanish stone church is found there. This assumption is also corroborated, firstly, by the writings of Fr. Chirino wherein he described their travels by foot to Barugo and of a settlement by "la orilla," meaning by the bank of a river and by the mouth of the river. Secondly, the story of Fr. Mateo Sanchez, regarding their attempt to reach a seriously sick man, tells of their travel from the town of Barugo by "a small boat in which we sailed to seek our sick man, who was living in horon, far from the town and near the coast."

From Nasunogan, after the old settlement was burned, the people moved to another place which is now called Binongto-an, meaning a place abandoned as a town, now a sitio of Barangay Pikas. The settlers did not stay there long and moved eventually to the present site of the town. This conclusion stems from the fact that lasting structures can be found in Binongto-an.

''(Excerpts from the research, Barugo - Its Fabled History, by a prominent Barugon-on, the late Joel Villasin Aruta; excerpts edited by JC Himanglos.)''

==Geography==

===Barangays===
Barugo is politically subdivided into 37 ]s.{{PSGC detail|area}} Each barangay consists of ]s and some have ].

{{Div col|colwidth=15em}}
*Abango *Abango
*Amahit *Amahit
Line 31: Line 210:
*Bulod *Bulod
*Busay *Busay
*Cabarasan *Cabarasan (Daliran)
*Cabolo-an *Cabolo-an
*Calingcaguing *Calingcaguing
Line 37: Line 216:
*Canomantag *Canomantag
*Cuta *Cuta
| valign="top" |
*Domogdog *Domogdog
*Duka *Duka
Line 49: Line 227:
*Pikas *Pikas
*Pitogo *Pitogo
*San Pedro (Poblacion Dist. I) *] Dist. I (Cor)
*Poblacion Dist. II
| valign="top" |
*Mercado (Poblacion Dist. II) *Poblacion Dist. III
*Salog (Poblacion Dist. III) *Poblacion Dist. IV
*Sta. Cruz (Poblacion Dist. IV) *Poblacion Dist. V
*Dagat (Poblacion Dist. V) *Poblacion Dist. VI (New Road)
*New Road (Poblacion Dist. VI)
*Pongso *Pongso
*Roosevelt *Roosevelt
Line 63: Line 240:
*Santarin *Santarin
*Tutug-an *Tutug-an
{{div col end}}
|}


===Climate===
== '''The Sultanate of Nasunogan''' ==
{{Weather box
| location = Barugo, Leyte
| width = auto
| metric first = Yes
| single line = Yes
| Jan high C = 28
| Jan low C = 22
| Feb high C = 29
| Feb low C = 22
| Mar high C = 29
| Mar low C = 22
| Apr high C = 31
| Apr low C = 23
| May high C = 31
| May low C = 24
| Jun high C = 30
| Jun low C = 25
| Jul high C = 30
| Jul low C = 25
| Aug high C = 30
| Aug low C = 25
| Sep high C = 30
| Sep low C = 25
| Oct high C = 29
| Oct low C = 24
| Nov high C = 29
| Nov low C = 24
| Dec high C = 29
| Dec low C = 23
| Jan precipitation mm = 73
| Feb precipitation mm = 56
| Mar precipitation mm = 75
| Apr precipitation mm = 71
| May precipitation mm = 114
| Jun precipitation mm = 174
| Jul precipitation mm = 172
| Aug precipitation mm = 163
| Sep precipitation mm = 167
| Oct precipitation mm = 161
| Nov precipitation mm = 158
| Dec precipitation mm = 125
| Jan rain days = 15.2
| Feb rain days = 12.5
| Mar rain days = 16.2
| Apr rain days = 17.3
| May rain days = 23.9
| Jun rain days = 27.3
| Jul rain days = 28.4
| Aug rain days = 26.9
| Sep rain days = 26.9
| Oct rain days = 27.1
| Nov rain days = 23.8
| Dec rain days = 19.3
| source 1 = Meteoblue<ref name="met_norms">
{{cite web
| url = https://www.meteoblue.com/en/weather/historyclimate/climatemodelled/barugo_philippines_1726548
| title = Barugo: Average Temperatures and Rainfall
| publisher = Meteoblue
| access-date = 9 February 2020 }}</ref>
| date = 9 February 2020
}}


==Demographics==
The capital of the Sultanate of Nasunogan, an independent state, is located in barangay Tutug-an. The current ] of the Sultanate of Nasunogan is Yosib Komas Nak-anabak, Sultan of Nasunogan. Sultan Yosib is a direct descendant of the last ruler of Nasunogan before the advent of Christianity, Sultan Ngit-ngit Tomras Nak-anabak who was of the same lineage as ], Datu Kasadok and Datu Pangilawon.
{{Philippine Census
| align= none
| cols = 2
| title= Population census of {{PH wikidata|name}}
| 1903 = {{PH census population|1903}}
| 1918 = {{PH census population|1918}}
| 1939 = {{PH census population|1939}}
| 1948 = {{PH census population|1948}}
| 1960 = {{PH census population|1960}}
| 1970 = {{PH census population|1970}}
| 1975 = {{PH census population|1975}}
| 1980 = {{PH census population|1980}}
| 1990 = {{PH census population|1990}}
| 1995 = {{PH census population|1995}}
| 2000 = {{PH census population|2000}}
| 2007 = {{PH census population|2007}}
| 2010 = {{PH census population|2010}}
| 2015 = {{PH census population|2015}}
| 2020 = {{PH census population|2020}}
| 2025 =
| 2030 =
| footnote= Source: ]{{PH census|2015}}{{PH census|2010}}{{PH census|2007}}{{LWUA population data}}
}}


In the 2020 census, the population of Barugo, Leyte, was 34,497 people,{{PH census|current}} with a density of {{convert|{{sigfig|34,497/84.62|2}}|PD/km2|disp=or}}.
In the year 1571 the Sultanate of Nasunogan was established as an "encomienda" under the Spanish Crown, ending the rule of Sultan Ngit-ngit Tomras Nak-anabak whose dynasty ruled the sultanate since the 11th century. Today the ruins of an old Spanish stone church by the bank of the river Himanglos stand as testament to the colonization of the sultanate in the name of Christianity.


== Economy ==
In 2008, Yosib Komas Nak-anabak led a successful, bloodless rebellion reclaiming the Sultanate of Nasunogan in the name of the interrupted Nak-anabak Dynasty and established himself as the rightful Sultan of Nasunogan. The sultanate encompasses the entire ] of the Visayas, from ] in the east to ] in the west including Boracay.
{{PH poverty incidence}}
Barugo remains an agricultural town producing rice, corn and copra. Residents of a few coastal barangays are engaged in small-scale fishing and aquaculture. Its cottage industries are the manufacture of ''tuba'' (coconut ]) and '']'' (sweet pastries made of flour, sugar, eggs and ]). Not unlike the rest of the country, its economy is partly driven by dollar ]s from ].


{{clear left}}
Within a few months the sultanate was able to establish diplomatic relations with several countries. Brunei, Malaysia, Indonesia, the Philippines, Nauru, Tonga and Tuvalu are among those that have recognized the Sultanate of Nasunogan as an independent state.


==Government==
== '''Land of the Mystical Valley - Cabarasan''' ==
{{see also|Mayor of Barugo, Leyte}}


===Elected officials===
In the neighboring valley just across the river Himanglos from Tutug-an, the capital of the Sultanate of Nasunogan, is a place called Cabarasan.
These are the elected officials of the Municipality of Barugo as a result of the 2019 elections:
*Mayor: Balais, Dr. Aron C.
*Vice Mayor: Tiu, Josephine C.
*Members of the ]:
**Dehayco, Don
**Avestruz, Wayne
**Calzita, Ed
**Astorga, Nikkos
**Balais, Clinio
**Cañezal, Jeffrey
**Cabanacan, Jesse
**Adrales, Domingo


==References==
"Cabarasan" is Waray-Waray for "land of the mystical, harmonious valley" or figuratively translated, Shangri-La. It is synonymous with any earthly paradise — a permanently happy land, isolated from the outside world. The people who live in Cabarasan are almost immortal, living years beyond the normal lifespan.
* COMELEC Official 2013 Election Results. Date Accessed: 6 May 2014, 5:39 PM.

{{Reflist}}
The place also evokes the imagery of exoticism of the Orient. Cabarasan is an idealized place in which existence is positive, harmonious and timeless. In Cabarasan there is only peace, prosperity, and happiness. In short, Cabarasan represents one's life-long quest for perfection in the form of love, happinness, or utopian ideals.

There's something elusive about the place that makes Cabarasan somewhat mythical. It is a place of contentment, but not necessarily a land of luxury and idleness, similar to what the Garden of Eden was meant to be.

==History of Barugo==

Barugo is a ] in the northern coastal part of Leyte facing Carigara Bay, 50 kilometers northwest of ], whose history dates back to the early days of Spanish occupation.

Early during the Spanish rule, the area was given the status of a pueblo (town) when it was established as an "encomienda." An encomienda was a ] awarded to deserving Spaniards for services rendered to the Spanish Crown. The grantee of an encomienda, known as encomiendero, was given the right to rule the encomienda in accordance with the Spanish laws and to extract tributes from the natives, part of which went to the Spanish Crown.

], the first governor of the Islas Pilipinas, started the practice of designating large landed estates as encomiendas. Only ten months after Cebu and Manila became encomiendas, Barugo was also designated as one on '''November 3, 1571'''. '''Rodrigo de Vargas''' was the first encomiendero for Barugo.

The education of the natives in Leyte started with the arrival of the Jesuits on ], ]. The mission schools in the beginning concentrated on the basics of Christianity. Barugo initially was only a "vista" of Carigara, meaning that it was under the administrative and spiritual supervision of the curate of Carigara, and was under the care of '''Fr. Mateo Sanchez''', who eventually became its first ] after Barugo was declared as an independent parish. It was Fr. Sanchez who established the first church in Barugo.

] stayed in Leyte from 1595 to 1767. During that time they expanded their influence starting from Carigara and Barugo, in the hinterlands of Ogmuc (Ormoc), Dulac (Dulag), Palo, Alangalang, Malibago (?) and the entire island of Cibabaw (Samar). When ] of Spain ordered the expulsion of the Jesuits from all Spanish dominions in 1767, the Jesuit mission on Leyte was handed over to the Augustinian Fathers. And later in 1843, the same missions were taken over by the ]. Fray Timoteo Calderon was the first Franciscan curate assigned to Barugo. At that time in 1843, Barugo already had 1,744 taxpayers and 8,381 residents. The towns of Alangalang, Jaro, Babatngon, Malibago (?) and ] were once only "vistas" of Barugo.

In Barugo there is a legend which was being taught to elementary pupils during the 1950s and 1960s regarding how the town got its name. The legend goes like this - "Once upon a time there was a man named Cassadok. One day while he was resting by the river bank under the shade of a giant tree, a Spaniard came along and asked him the name of the place. Cassadok did not understand Spanish and thinking the Spaniard was asking the name of the big shady tree, answered "Balugo." From that time on, the place came to be known as "Balugo." When the Americans came, they changed the letter "L" to "R" and thus to this day the town is called Barugo." This story has no basis in fact and is simply a legend. For the early Spanish historians and chroniclers have always referred to the town by the name it carries today, Barugo.

Today Barugo nestles by the coast of Carigara Bay. But the original settlement of Barugo was way upstream by the banks of the '''Himanglos River''', which during the time of the conquistadores was called Barugo River.

It is highly probable that the first Barugo settlement was in the place which is now known as '''Nasunogan''', meaning a place burned down. This assumption is born by the fact that the old Spanish road leading to the towns of Tunga and Jaro starts at this place and the ruins of an old Spanish stone church is found there. This assumption is also collaborated, firstly, by the writings of Fr. Chirino wherein he described their travels by foot to Barugo and of a settlement by "la orilla," meaning by the bank of a river and by the mouth of the river. Secondly, the story of Fr. Mateo Sanchez, regarding their attempt to reach a seriously sick man, tells of their travel from the town of Barugo by "a small boat in which we sailed to seek our sick man, who was living in horon, far from the town and near the coast."

From Nasunogan, after the old settlement was burned, the people moved to another place which is now called '''Binongto-an''', meaning a place abandoned as a town, now a sitio of Barangay Pikas. The settlers did not stay there long and moved eventually to the present site of the town. This conclusion stems from the fact that lasting structures can be found in Binongto-an.

When was the old town burned and why? Why was Binongto-an selected as the new settlement area after Nasunogan? When did the settlers finally transfer to the present site? The answers to these questions and many more remain to be searched. Doubtless there are written accounts about Barugo that still remain to be uncovered. The archives of the various religious congregations which successively presided over the Christianization of Barugo and its people should contain many interesting and authoritative data about Barugo, for the Friars of old were religious chroniclers of their undertakings and achievements.

Today, Barugo comprises 37 barangays and has a population of about 27,000. It remains an agricultural town producing rice, corn and copra. Residents of a few coastal barangays are engaged in small-scale fishing and aquaculture. Its cottage industry consists of '''''tuba''''', wine made from the ]; and '''''roscas''''', delicious pastry made of flour, sugar, eggs and ]. Not unlike the rest of the country, its economy is partly driven by dollar remittances from overseas workers.

''(Excerpts from the research '''Barugo - Its Fabled History''', conducted by the late '''Joel V. Aruta'''; excerpts edited and embellished by '''JC Himanglos'''. For the young Baruguenos of today, the challenge is to search for the answers.)''


==External links== ==External links==
{{EB1911 poster|Barugo}}
*
*
*
* *
*
*


{{Geographic location
| Centre = Barugo
| North = ''Carigara Bay''
| East = ]
| South = ]
| West = ]
}}
{{Leyte}} {{Leyte}}
{{Authority control}}


]
{{coord|11|19|N|124|44|E|region:PH_type:city|display=title}}

]

]
]
]
]
]
]
]

Latest revision as of 02:30, 8 December 2024

Municipality in Leyte, Philippines
This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
Find sources: "Barugo" – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (June 2013) (Learn how and when to remove this message)
Municipality in Eastern Visayas, Philippines
Barugo
Municipality
Municipality of Barugo
Church of BarugoChurch of Barugo
Flag of BarugoFlag
Map of Leyte with Barugo highlightedMap of Leyte with Barugo highlighted
OpenStreetMap
Barugo is located in PhilippinesBarugoBarugoLocation within the Philippines
Coordinates: 11°19′N 124°44′E / 11.32°N 124.73°E / 11.32; 124.73
CountryPhilippines
RegionEastern Visayas
ProvinceLeyte
District 2nd district
Barangays37 (see Barangays)
Government
 • TypeSangguniang Bayan
 • MayorDr. Aron C. Balais
 • Vice MayorJosephine C. Tiu
 • RepresentativeLolita T. Javier
 • Councilors List
  • • Antonio C. Arpon
  • • Jeffrey P. Cañezal
  • • Jose A. Avestruz
  • • Jesus B. Cabanacan
  • • Roberto A. Modesto
  • • Oscar L. Apostol
  • • Rodolfo P. Badiable
  • • Federico A. Ayes
  • DILG Masterlist of Officials
 • Electorate23,673 voters (2022)
Area
 • Total84.62 km (32.67 sq mi)
Elevation80 m (260 ft)
Highest elevation1,290 m (4,230 ft)
Lowest elevation0 m (0 ft)
Population
 • Total34,497
 • Density410/km (1,100/sq mi)
 • Households7,957
Economy
 • Income class4th municipal income class
 • Poverty incidence26.95% (2021)
 • Revenue₱ 122.2 million (2020)
 • Assets₱ 265 million (2020)
 • Expenditure₱ 167 million (2020)
 • Liabilities₱ 61.14 million (2020)
Service provider
 • ElectricityLeyte 3 Electric Cooperative (LEYECO 3)
Time zoneUTC+8 (PST)
ZIP code6519
PSGC0803706000
IDD : area code +63 (0)53
Native languagesWaray
Tagalog
Websitewww.barugo-leyte.gov.ph

Barugo (IPA: ), officially the Municipality of Barugo (Waray: Bungto han Barugo; Tagalog: Bayan ng Barugo), is a municipality in the province of Leyte, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 34,497 people.

Residents of the town of Barugo are traditionally referred to as Barugonon but often incorrectly referred to as Barugueños.

Barugo is a town in the northern coastal part of Leyte province facing Carigara Bay, 50 kilometres (31 mi) north-west of Tacloban City, whose history dates back to the early days of Spanish colonization.

Etymology

In Barugo there is a legend which was being taught to elementary pupils during the 1950s and 1960s regarding how the town got its name. The legend goes like this: "Once upon a time there was a man named Cassadok. One day while he was resting by the river bank under the shade of a giant tree, a Spaniard came along and asked him the name of the place. Cassadok did not understand Spanish and thinking the Spaniard was asking the name of the big shady tree, answered "Balugo." From that time on, the place came to be known as "Balugo." When the Americans came, they changed the letter "L" to "R" and thus to this day the town is called Barugo." This story has no basis in fact and is simply a legend. For the early Spanish historians and chroniclers have always referred to the town by the name it carries today, Barugo.

History

Early during the Spanish rule, the area was given the status of a pueblo (town) when it was established as an "encomienda." An encomienda was a land estate awarded to deserving Spaniards for services rendered to the Spanish Crown. The grantee of an encomienda, known as encomiendero, was given the right to rule the encomienda in accordance with the Spanish laws and to extract tributes from the natives, part of which went to the Spanish Crown.

Miguel Lopez de Legaspi, the first governor of Las Islas Filipinas, started the practice of designating large landed estates as encomiendas. Only ten months after Cebu and Manila became encomiendas, Barugo was also designated as one on November 3, 1571. Rodrigo de Vargas was the first encomiendero for Barugo.

The education of the natives in Leyte started with the arrival of the Jesuits on July 16, 1595. The mission schools in the beginning concentrated on the basics of Christianity. Barugo initially was only a "visita" of Carigara, meaning that it was under the administrative and spiritual supervision of the curate of Carigara, and was under the care of Fr. Mateo Sanchez, who eventually became its first parish priest after Barugo was declared as an independent parish. It was Fr. Sanchez who established the first church in Barugo.

The Jesuits stayed in Leyte from 1595 to 1767. During that time they expanded their influence starting from Carigara and Barugo, in the hinterlands of Ogmuc (Ormoc), Dulac (Dulag), Palo, Alangalang, Malibago (?) and the entire island of Cibabaw (Samar). When Charles III of Spain ordered the expulsion of the Jesuits from all Spanish dominions in 1767, the Jesuit mission on Leyte was handed over to the Augustinians. And later in 1843, the same missions were taken over by the Franciscan Friars. Fray Timoteo Calderon was the first Franciscan curate assigned to Barugo. At that time in 1843, Barugo already had 1,744 taxpayers and 8,381 residents. The towns of Alangalang, Jaro, Babatngon, Malibago (?) and San Miguel were once only "visitas" of Barugo.

Today Barugo nestles along the coast of Carigara Bay. But the original settlement of Barugo was way upstream by the banks of the Himanglos River, which during the time of the conquistadores was called Barugo River.

It is highly probable that the first Barugo settlement was in the place which is now known as Nasunogan, meaning a place burned down. This assumption is born by the fact that the old Spanish road leading to the towns of Tunga and Jaro starts at this place and the ruins of an old Spanish stone church is found there. This assumption is also corroborated, firstly, by the writings of Fr. Chirino wherein he described their travels by foot to Barugo and of a settlement by "la orilla," meaning by the bank of a river and by the mouth of the river. Secondly, the story of Fr. Mateo Sanchez, regarding their attempt to reach a seriously sick man, tells of their travel from the town of Barugo by "a small boat in which we sailed to seek our sick man, who was living in horon, far from the town and near the coast."

From Nasunogan, after the old settlement was burned, the people moved to another place which is now called Binongto-an, meaning a place abandoned as a town, now a sitio of Barangay Pikas. The settlers did not stay there long and moved eventually to the present site of the town. This conclusion stems from the fact that lasting structures can be found in Binongto-an.

(Excerpts from the research, Barugo - Its Fabled History, by a prominent Barugon-on, the late Joel Villasin Aruta; excerpts edited by JC Himanglos.)

Geography

Barangays

Barugo is politically subdivided into 37 barangays.  Each barangay consists of puroks and some have sitios.

  • Abango
  • Amahit
  • Balire
  • Balud
  • Bukid
  • Bulod
  • Busay
  • Cabarasan (Daliran)
  • Cabolo-an
  • Calingcaguing
  • Can-isak
  • Canomantag
  • Cuta
  • Domogdog
  • Duka
  • Guindaohan
  • Hiagsam
  • Hilaba
  • Hinugayan
  • Ibag
  • Minuhang
  • Minuswang
  • Pikas
  • Pitogo
  • Poblacion Dist. I (Cor)
  • Poblacion Dist. II
  • Poblacion Dist. III
  • Poblacion Dist. IV
  • Poblacion Dist. V
  • Poblacion Dist. VI (New Road)
  • Pongso
  • Roosevelt
  • San Isidro
  • San Roque
  • Santa Rosa
  • Santarin
  • Tutug-an

Climate

Climate data for Barugo, Leyte
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 28
(82) 		29
(84) 		29
(84) 		31
(88) 		31
(88) 		30
(86) 		30
(86) 		30
(86) 		30
(86) 		29
(84) 		29
(84) 		29
(84) 		30
(85)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 22
(72) 		22
(72) 		22
(72) 		23
(73) 		24
(75) 		25
(77) 		25
(77) 		25
(77) 		25
(77) 		24
(75) 		24
(75) 		23
(73) 		24
(75)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 73
(2.9) 		56
(2.2) 		75
(3.0) 		71
(2.8) 		114
(4.5) 		174
(6.9) 		172
(6.8) 		163
(6.4) 		167
(6.6) 		161
(6.3) 		158
(6.2) 		125
(4.9) 		1,509
(59.5)
Average rainy days 15.2 12.5 16.2 17.3 23.9 27.3 28.4 26.9 26.9 27.1 23.8 19.3 264.8
Source: Meteoblue

Demographics

Population census of Barugo
YearPop.±% p.a.
1903 12,360—    
1918 16,187+1.81%
1939 19,564+0.91%
1948 21,073+0.83%
1960 20,787−0.11%
1970 20,654−0.06%
1975 24,582+3.55%
1980 22,173−2.04%
YearPop.±% p.a.
1990 23,817+0.72%
1995 26,171+1.78%
2000 26,919+0.61%
2007 27,569+0.33%
2010 30,092+3.24%
2015 32,745+1.62%
2020 34,497+1.03%
Source: Philippine Statistics Authority

In the 2020 census, the population of Barugo, Leyte, was 34,497 people, with a density of 410 inhabitants per square kilometre or 1,100 inhabitants per square mile.

Economy

Poverty incidence of Barugo

10 20 30 40 2006
33.20 2009
36.63 2012
37.40 2015
39.32 2018
26.48 2021
26.95

Source: Philippine Statistics Authority

Barugo remains an agricultural town producing rice, corn and copra. Residents of a few coastal barangays are engaged in small-scale fishing and aquaculture. Its cottage industries are the manufacture of tuba (coconut palm wine) and roscas (sweet pastries made of flour, sugar, eggs and shortening). Not unlike the rest of the country, its economy is partly driven by dollar remittances from overseas workers.

Government

See also: Mayor of Barugo, Leyte

Elected officials

These are the elected officials of the Municipality of Barugo as a result of the 2019 elections:

  • Mayor: Balais, Dr. Aron C.
  • Vice Mayor: Tiu, Josephine C.
  • Members of the Sangguniang Bayan:
    • Dehayco, Don
    • Avestruz, Wayne
    • Calzita, Ed
    • Astorga, Nikkos
    • Balais, Clinio
    • Cañezal, Jeffrey
    • Cabanacan, Jesse
    • Adrales, Domingo

References

  • COMELEC Official 2013 Election Results. Date Accessed: 6 May 2014, 5:39 PM.
  1.  Municipality of Barugo | (DILG)
  2. "2015 Census of Population, Report No. 3 – Population, Land Area, and Population Density" (PDF). Philippine Statistics Authority. Quezon City, Philippines. August 2016. ISSN 0117-1453. Archived (PDF) from the original on May 25, 2021. Retrieved July 16, 2021.
  3. ^ Census of Population (2020). "Region VIII (Eastern Visayas)". Total Population by Province, City, Municipality and Barangay. Philippine Statistics Authority. Retrieved 8 July 2021.
  4. "PSA Releases the 2021 City and Municipal Level Poverty Estimates". Philippine Statistics Authority. 2 April 2024. Retrieved 28 April 2024.
  5. "Cities, towns & villages in Eastern Visayas". www.mapsguidesandmore.com. Retrieved January 8, 2019.
  6. "Province:". PSGC Interactive. Quezon City, Philippines: Philippine Statistics Authority. Retrieved 12 November 2016.
  7. "Barugo: Average Temperatures and Rainfall". Meteoblue. Retrieved 9 February 2020.
  8. Census of Population (2015). "Region VIII (Eastern Visayas)". Total Population by Province, City, Municipality and Barangay. Philippine Statistics Authority. Retrieved 20 June 2016.
  9. Census of Population and Housing (2010). "Region VIII (Eastern Visayas)" (PDF). Total Population by Province, City, Municipality and Barangay. National Statistics Office. Retrieved 29 June 2016.
  10. Censuses of Population (1903–2007). "Region VIII (Eastern Visayas)". Table 1. Population Enumerated in Various Censuses by Province/Highly Urbanized City: 1903 to 2007. National Statistics Office.
  11. "Province of". Municipality Population Data. Local Water Utilities Administration Research Division. Retrieved 17 December 2016.
  12. "Poverty incidence (PI):". Philippine Statistics Authority. Retrieved December 28, 2020.
  13. "Estimation of Local Poverty in the Philippines" (PDF). Philippine Statistics Authority. 29 November 2005.
  14. "2003 City and Municipal Level Poverty Estimates" (PDF). Philippine Statistics Authority. 23 March 2009.
  15. "City and Municipal Level Poverty Estimates; 2006 and 2009" (PDF). Philippine Statistics Authority. 3 August 2012.
  16. "2012 Municipal and City Level Poverty Estimates" (PDF). Philippine Statistics Authority. 31 May 2016.
  17. "Municipal and City Level Small Area Poverty Estimates; 2009, 2012 and 2015". Philippine Statistics Authority. 10 July 2019.
  18. "PSA Releases the 2018 Municipal and City Level Poverty Estimates". Philippine Statistics Authority. 15 December 2021. Retrieved 22 January 2022.
  19. "PSA Releases the 2021 City and Municipal Level Poverty Estimates". Philippine Statistics Authority. 2 April 2024. Retrieved 28 April 2024.

External links

Places adjacent to Barugo
Carigara Bay
Carigara Barugo San Miguel
Tunga
Province of Leyte
Tacloban (capital and largest city)
Municipalities
Component city
Independent component city
Highly urbanized city
Category: