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{{Short description|Species of tree}}
{{taxobox
{{Speciesbox
|name = Goncalo alves
⚫ |image = Astronium graveolens 14zz.jpg
|regnum = ]
|status = LC
|unranked_divisio = ]
|status_system = IUCN3.1
|unranked_classis = ]
|status_ref = <ref name=IUCN>{{cite iucn |author=Machuca Machuca, K. |author2=Martínez Salas, E. |author3=Samain, M.-S. |year=2022 |title=''Astronium graveolens'' |page=e.T61530992A61531208 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2022-1.RLTS.T61530992A61531208.en}}</ref>
|unranked_ordo = ]
⚫ |genus = Astronium
|ordo = ]
⚫ |species = graveolens
|familia = ]
|authority = ]<ref name="GRIN">{{GRIN | accessdate=2010-02-12}}</ref>
⚫ |genus = '']''
|synonyms =
⚫ |species = '''''A. graveolens'''''
{{Plainlist | style = margin-left: 1em; text-indent: -1em; |
⚫ |binomial = ''Astronium graveolens''
*''Astronium conzattii'' <small>S.F.Blake</small>
|binomial_authority = ]
*''Astronium gracile'' <small>Engl.</small>
*''Astronium planchonianum'' <small>Engl.</small>
*''Astronium zongolicum'' <small>Reko</small> nom. illeg.
}}
|synonyms_ref = <ref>{{cite web
|url=http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/record/kew-2664129
|title=The Plant List: A Working List of All Plant Species
|accessdate=2 July 2015}}</ref>
|}} |}}
'''''Astronium fraxinifolium''''' (] ''Astronium balansae'' ]; '''Goncalo alves''', Portuguese ]s: Aroeirão, Aderno, Guaritá, Gibatão, Gonçalo-alves) is a timber tree, which is native to ] ] in ]. This plant is cited in ] by ].


'''''Astronium graveolens''''' is a species of ] tree in the ] family, ], that is native to Mexico, Central America, and South America as far south as Bolivia.<ref name=IUCN/> Common names include '''glassywood''', '''ronrón''' (]), and '''aroeira''' (]).<ref name="GRIN"/> This plant is cited in '']'' by ].
==See also==

* ]
==Description==
''Astronium graveolens'' grows to a height of {{convert|35|m|ft|-2}}. The trunk can have a diameter of up to {{convert|1|m|in|0}} and is straight and cylindrical. At the base it has buttresses which may be about {{convert|2|m|ft|0}} tall.<ref name=USDA>{{cite web|url=http://www.dlh.com/search.aspx?search=Astronium%20graveolens |title=''Astronium graveolens'' |year=1984 |author=Chudnoff, Martin |work=Tropical Timbers of the World |publisher=USDA Forest Service |accessdate=2015-08-08 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303235112/http://www.dlh.com/search.aspx?search=Astronium%20graveolens |archivedate=2016-03-03 }}</ref> The crown is rounded with irregular branches. The bark is grey, shiny and smooth, with paler patches where pieces have peeled off. The leaves are alternate and pinnate, with five to seven oblong or obovate leaflets with pointed tips. The tree flowers during the dry season. The flowers are hermaphrodite, small, yellowish-green in axillary or terminal panicles. The fruit is a drupe-like nut, blue ripening to black, with semi bitter flesh and a single seed.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://sl.ku.dk/rapporter/seed-leaflets/filer/astronium-graveolens-32.pdf |title=''Astronium graveolens'' Jacq. |author=Salazar, Rodolfo |date=2000-09-30 |work=Seed leaflet |publisher=Copenhagen University |accessdate=2015-08-08}}</ref>
This plant is also called "gateado", according to Webster's Third New International Dictionary

==Timber==
When fresh, the heartwood of ''Astronium graveolens'' is reddish-brown or orange-brown with variable width stripes of medium to dark brown. The timber becomes darker after exposure to the air and the stripes become nearly black. The sapwood is up to {{convert|10|cm|in|0}} thick and is whitish or dull grey. The timber is fine-grained, dense and durable, and resistant to rot. It is used for heavy duty construction work, joinery, veneers and furniture. Speciality uses include turnery, carving, knife handles, brush backs, bows for archery and billiard cues.<ref name=USDA/>

==References==
{{reflist}}


==External links== ==External links==
* *
*{{pt icon}} *{{in lang|pt}}
*{{pt icon}} photo *{{in lang|pt}} photo
*{{pt icon}} *{{in lang|pt}}


{{Taxonbar|from=Q10292530}}
⚫ ]
⚫ ]


]
{{Anacardiaceae-stub}}
⚫ ]
{{tree-stub}}
]
]
⚫ ]
]
]
]
]
]

Latest revision as of 21:29, 18 August 2024

Species of tree

Astronium graveolens
Conservation status

Least Concern  (IUCN 3.1)
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Sapindales
Family: Anacardiaceae
Genus: Astronium
Species: A. graveolens
Binomial name
Astronium graveolens
Jacq.
Synonyms
  • Astronium conzattii S.F.Blake
  • Astronium gracile Engl.
  • Astronium planchonianum Engl.
  • Astronium zongolicum Reko nom. illeg.

Astronium graveolens is a species of flowering tree in the cashew family, Anacardiaceae, that is native to Mexico, Central America, and South America as far south as Bolivia. Common names include glassywood, ronrón (Spanish), and aroeira (Portuguese). This plant is cited in Flora Brasiliensis by Carl Friedrich Philipp von Martius.

Description

Astronium graveolens grows to a height of 35 metres (100 ft). The trunk can have a diameter of up to 1 metre (39 in) and is straight and cylindrical. At the base it has buttresses which may be about 2 metres (7 ft) tall. The crown is rounded with irregular branches. The bark is grey, shiny and smooth, with paler patches where pieces have peeled off. The leaves are alternate and pinnate, with five to seven oblong or obovate leaflets with pointed tips. The tree flowers during the dry season. The flowers are hermaphrodite, small, yellowish-green in axillary or terminal panicles. The fruit is a drupe-like nut, blue ripening to black, with semi bitter flesh and a single seed. This plant is also called "gateado", according to Webster's Third New International Dictionary

Timber

When fresh, the heartwood of Astronium graveolens is reddish-brown or orange-brown with variable width stripes of medium to dark brown. The timber becomes darker after exposure to the air and the stripes become nearly black. The sapwood is up to 10 centimetres (4 in) thick and is whitish or dull grey. The timber is fine-grained, dense and durable, and resistant to rot. It is used for heavy duty construction work, joinery, veneers and furniture. Speciality uses include turnery, carving, knife handles, brush backs, bows for archery and billiard cues.

References

  1. ^ Machuca Machuca, K.; Martínez Salas, E.; Samain, M.-S. (2022). "Astronium graveolens". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2022: e.T61530992A61531208. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2022-1.RLTS.T61530992A61531208.en.
  2. ^ "Astronium graveolens". Germplasm Resources Information Network. Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 2010-02-12.
  3. "The Plant List: A Working List of All Plant Species". Retrieved 2 July 2015.
  4. ^ Chudnoff, Martin (1984). "Astronium graveolens". Tropical Timbers of the World. USDA Forest Service. Archived from the original on 2016-03-03. Retrieved 2015-08-08.
  5. Salazar, Rodolfo (2000-09-30). "Astronium graveolens Jacq" (PDF). Seed leaflet. Copenhagen University. Retrieved 2015-08-08.

External links

Taxon identifiers
Astronium graveolens
Categories: