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William Alston
Born	(1921-11-29)November 29, 1921 Shreveport, Louisiana, U.S.
Died	September 13, 2009(2009-09-13) (aged 87) Jamesville, New York, U.S.
Alma mater	University of Chicago
Era	Contemporary philosophy
Region	Western philosophy
School	Analytic philosophy
Notable ideas	Epistemic justification

William Payne Alston (November 29, 1921 – September 13, 2009) was an American philosopher. He is widely considered to be one of the most important epistemologists and philosophers of religion of the twentieth century, and is also known for his work in metaphysics and the philosophy of language. His views on foundationalism, internalism and externalism, speech acts, and the epistemic value of mystical experience, among many other topics, have been very influential. He earned his PhD from the University of Chicago and taught at the University of Michigan, Rutgers University, University of Illinois, and Syracuse University.

Early life and education

Alston was born to Eunice Schoolfield and William Alston on November 29, 1921, in Shreveport, Louisiana. He graduated from high school when he was 15 and went on to Centenary College of Louisiana, graduating in 1942 with a Bachelor of Music in piano. During World War II, he played clarinet and bass drum in a military band in California. During this time, he became interested in philosophy, sparked by W. Somerset Maugham's book The Razor's Edge, and read the works of well-known philosophers such as Jacques Maritain, Mortimer J. Adler, Francis Bacon, Plato, René Descartes, and John Locke. Alston was honorably discharged from the US army in 1946, going on to enter a graduate program for philosophy at the University of Chicago, even though he had never formally taken a class on the subject. While he was there, he learned more about philosophy from Richard McKeon and Charles Hartshorne, and he received his PhD in 1951. His dissertation was on the subject of the philosophy of Alfred North Whitehead.

Career

From 1949 until 1971, Alston was a professor at the University of Michigan, and he became professor of philosophy in 1961. He then taught at Rutgers University for five years, followed by the University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign from 1976 to 1980 and then Syracuse University from 1980 to 1992. Alston's early work was on the philosophy of language, later going on to focus on epistemology and the philosophy of religion from the early 1970s onwards.

Together with Alvin Plantinga, Nicholas Wolterstorff, Robert Adams, and Michael L. Peterson, Alston helped to found the journal Faith and Philosophy. With Plantinga, Wolterstorff, and others, Alston was also responsible for the development of "Reformed epistemology" (a term that Alston, an Episcopalian, never fully endorsed), one of the most important contributions to Christian thought in the twentieth century. Alston was president of the Western Division (now the Central Division) of the American Philosophical Association in 1979, the Society for Philosophy and Psychology, and the Society of Christian Philosophers, which he co-founded. He was widely recognized as one of the core figures in the late twentieth-century revival of the philosophy of religion. He was elected a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1990.

Death

Alston died in a nursing home in Jamesville, New York, on September 13, 2009, at the age of 87.

Bibliography

• Beyond "Justification": Dimensions of Epistemic Evaluation, Ithaca, New York: Cornell University Press, 2005. ISBN 978-0-8014-7332-6
• A Sensible Metaphysical Realism (The Aquinas Lecture, 2001), Milwaukee, Wisconsin: Marquette University Press, 2001. ISBN 978-0-8746-2168-6
• Illocutionary Acts and Sentence Meaning, Ithaca, New York: Cornell University Press, 2000. ISBN 978-0-8014-3669-7
• A Realist Conception of Truth, Ithaca, New York: Cornell University Press, 1996. ISBN 978-0-8014-8410-0
• Epistemic Justification: Essays in the Theory of Knowledge, Ithaca, New York: Cornell University Press, 1996. ISBN 978-0-8014-9544-1
• The Reliability of Sense Perception, Ithaca, New York: Cornell University Press, 1993. ISBN 978-0-8014-8101-7
• Perceiving God: The Epistemology of Religious Experience, Ithaca, New York: Cornell University Press, 1991. ISBN 978-0-8014-8155-0
• Divine Nature and Human Language: Essays in Philosophical Theology. Ithaca, New York: Cornell University Press, 1989. ISBN 978-0-8014-9545-8
• Philosophy of Language, Englewood Cliffs, Prentice Hall, 1964

See also

• American philosophy
• List of American philosophers

References

1. ^ Plantinga, Alvin (2015). "Alston, William P.". In Audi, Robert (ed.). The Cambridge Dictionary of Philosophy (Third ed.). New York City: Cambridge University Press. pp. 26–27. ISBN 978-1-139-05750-9. OCLC 927145544.
2. ^ Battaly, Heather D. (2005). "Alston, William P. (1921–)". Encyclopedia of Philosophy – via Encyclopedia.com.
3. Oppy, Graham; Trakakis, Nick, eds. (2009). History of Western Philosophy of Religion (PDF). Acumen Publishing, Limited. ISBN 978-1-84465-679-0. Retrieved December 9, 2013.
4. ^ Howard-Snyder, Daniel (2005). "Alston, William Payne (1921– )" (PDF). In Shook, John R. (ed.). Dictionary of Modern American Philosophers. Vol. 1. Continuum. pp. 56–61. ISBN 978-1-84371-037-0. Archived from the original (PDF) on September 6, 2021. Retrieved December 8, 2013.
5. ^ "William Payne Alston Obituary". The Post-Standard. September 20, 2009. Retrieved December 9, 2013.
6. "Emeritus professor of philosophy William Payne Alston dies". Syracuse University. September 18, 2009. Archived from the original on March 5, 2016. Retrieved December 9, 2013.
7. "The Aquinas Lecture in Philosophy i". Marquette University Press. Retrieved December 10, 2013.
8. Plantinga, Alvin (2009). "In Memoriam: William J. Alston" (PDF). Faith and Philosophy. 26 (4): 359–360. doi:10.5840/faithphil200926434. ISSN 0739-7046.
9. Meeker, Kevin (April 1994). "William Alston's Epistemology of Religious Experience: A 'Reformed' Reformed Epistemology?". International Journal for Philosophy of Religion. 35 (2): 89–110. doi:10.1007/bf01318327. JSTOR 40036246. S2CID 170253486.
10. "William P. Alston". Centenary College of Louisiana. Archived from the original on December 13, 2013. Retrieved December 10, 2013.
11. "APA Divisional Presidents and Addresses". American Philosophical Association. Retrieved August 11, 2018.
12. "Book of Members, 1780–2010: Chapter A" (PDF). American Academy of Arts and Sciences. p. 11. Retrieved December 9, 2013.

Further reading

• Battaly, Heather D.; Lynch, Michael Patrick (2005). Perspectives on the Philosophy of William P. Alston. Rowman & Littlefield. ISBN 978-0-7425-1424-9.
• Feneuil, Anthony (2012). "Percevoir Dieu? Henri Bergson et William P. Alston" [Perceiving God? Henri Bergson and William P. Alston]. ThéoRèmes (in French) (2). doi:10.4000/theoremes.310. ISSN 1664-0136.

• 1921 births
• 2009 deaths
• 20th-century American philosophers
• 21st-century American philosophers
• American metaphysics writers
• Analytic philosophers
• Anglican philosophers
• American epistemologists
• Epistemology of religion
• Fellows of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences
• American metaphysicians
• People from DeWitt, New York
• Philosophers from Louisiana
• Philosophers from New York (state)
• American philosophers of language
• American philosophers of religion
• Presidents of the Society of Christian Philosophers
• Rutgers University faculty
• Syracuse University faculty
• University of Chicago alumni
• University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign faculty
• University of Michigan faculty
• Writers from Shreveport, Louisiana
• 20th-century American Episcopalians