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|+'''Escuela Nacional de Inteligencia''' |+'''Escuela Nacional de Inteligencia'''
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|style="background:#ffffff;" align="center" colspan="2"|<!-- Deleted image removed: ] --> |style="background:#ffffff;" align="center" colspan="2"|
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|style="background:#efefef;"|''']:'''||style="background:#efefef;"|¨De Omni Re Scibili¨ |style="background:#efefef;"|''']:'''||style="background:#efefef;"|¨De Omni Re Scibili¨
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|style="background:#efefef;"|'''Location:'''||style="background:#efefef;"|Ave. Libertad 1235<br/>] |style="background:#efefef;"|'''Location:'''||style="background:#efefef;"|Ave. Libertad 1235<br/>]
|- |-
|style="background:#efefef;"|'''Website:'''||style="background:#efefef;"|http://www.eni.gov.ar |style="background:#ffffff;"|'''Website:'''||style="background:#efefef;"|
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'''Escuela Nacional de Inteligencia''' (''National Intelligence School'', ENI) is the national intelligence academy of the ]. It depends of the ], the main ]; and it is a depending suborganization of the ]. '''Escuela Nacional de Inteligencia''' (''National Intelligence School'', ENI) is the national intelligence academy of the ]. It depends on the ], the main ]; and it is a depending suborganization of the ].


==History== ==History==
The School was created on ], ] by Executive Decree N° 17/1967. It was initially established in the fifth floor of a traditional building located on Diagonal Norte and San Martín avenues in ]. On June 5th of that same year it instructed its first class to personnel of the ]. The school was created on January 24, 1967 by Executive Decree N° 17/1967. It was initially established in the fifth floor of a traditional building located on Diagonal Norte and San Martín avenues in ]. On June 5 of that same year it instructed its first class to personnel of the ].


In 1982, the school was moved to the building on Ave. Libertad 1235, where it functions today. Since 1992, it established students exchange with foreign countries, strengthening the links with many foreign ]. In 1982, the school moved to the building on Ave. Libertad 1235, where it remains today. Since 1992, it has established students exchange with foreign countries, strengthening the links with many foreign ].


==Organization== ==Organization==
===Mission=== ===Mission===
Its mission is the instruction and recruitment of the ]'s personnel with a specialized technical and humanistic formation, the analysis and study of the national intelligence doctrine and providing of online courses and long-distance teaching for agents who belong to the Secretariat and other Argentine intelligence or security organisms. Its mission is recruitment and instruction of ]'s personnel, with a specialized technical and humanistic formation, the analysis and study of the national intelligence doctrine and providing of online courses and long-distance teaching for agents who belong to the Secretariat and other Argentine intelligence or security organization.


Graduating from the ENI awards a title and diploma certified by the ], ]. ENI graduates receive a title and diploma certified by the ], ].


===Facilities=== ===Facilities===
The School's main building, a big ] academic-style mansion, is located on Calle Libertad 1235 in ]. Estimated to be worth about US$724,178, it was built in 1922 and a parking lot was added in 1970. It has small rooms and wooden floors, a street surface of 2,515 m2 and an internal surface of 3,775 m2. The school's main building, a big ] academic-style mansion, is located on Calle Libertad 1235 in ]. Estimated to be worth about US$724,178, it was built in 1922 and a parking lot was added in 1970. It has small rooms and wooden floors, a street surface of 2,515&nbsp;m2 and an internal surface of 3,775&nbsp;m2.


The ENI mansion is protected by a heavy 5,000 ] steel gate and a constant surveillance through a ] system that records all activity around the building. The School also has a library of 7,000 volumes, and through its webpage it offers online courses to all regions and provinces of ]. The ENI mansion is protected by a 5-] steel gate and a constant surveillance through a ] system that records all activity around the building. The School also has a library of 7,000 volumes, and through its webpage it offers online courses to all regions and provinces of ].


===Director=== ===Director===
Mrs. Silvia Beatriz Cucovaz de Arroche is the current director; having a geographical sciences degree, is considered a highly-experienced and valuable woman with a long history in the ]. Mrs. Cucovaz was also a professor at the Faculty of History and the Geographical Sciences School of the ], at the Faculty of Business of the ], and at the Faculty of Humanities of the ]. Silvia Beatriz Cucovaz de Arroche is the current director;{{as of?|date=March 2023}} having a geographical sciences degree, and is considered a highly experienced and valuable woman with a long history in the ].{{whom|date=March 2023}} Cucovaz was also a professor at the Faculty of History and the Geographical Sciences School of the ], at the Faculty of Business of the ], and at the Faculty of Humanities of the ].{{cn|date=March 2023}}


Her previous jobs in ] included being the intelligence delegate in the (]), the Director of Foreign Intelligence, the Chief of Strategic Affairs, the Advisor of the Secretary of Intelligence, and an ENI professor. Cucovaz de Arroche's previous jobs in Secretaría de Inteligencia included being the intelligence delegate in the Argentine Embassy in Germany (]), the director of foreign intelligence, the chief of strategic affairs, the advisor of the secretary of intelligence, and an ENI professor.{{cn|date=March 2023}}


She has participated in many conferences of international organizations, most notoriously serving as Chairman of arms and explosives experts at the ] disarmament area. In ], she is also Counselor of the (CARI) and member of its International Security Committee. Cucovaz de Arroche has participated in many conferences of international organizations, most notoriously{{whom|date=March 2023}} serving as chairman of arms and explosives experts at the ] disarmament area. In ], she is also counselor of the Council of International Relations and member of its international security committee.{{cn|date=March 2023}}


Cucovaz wrote many dossiers and books such as ''"El rol de los servicios de Icia en el campo de la contraproliferación"'' and ''"Croatia as a stabilizing factor for peace in Europe; proceedings from an International Symposium"''. Cucovaz wrote many dossiers and books such as ''"El rol de los servicios de Icia en el campo de la contraproliferación"'' and ''"Croatia as a stabilizing factor for peace in Europe; proceedings from an International Symposium"''.{{cn|date=March 2023}}


===Seal=== ===Seal===
The ENI seal (''Escudo'') is a Spanish-style coat of arms, composed of a chess board, symbol of strategy; a triangle, representing straightness; and a fox, which signifies the force of intelligence. The ] colour represents the virtues of obedience and firmness; the ] represents honesty; and the ] symbolizes an oath to service. The ENI ] appears in ] words: "De Omni Re Scibili", which means "From every knowable thing". The ENI seal (''Escudo'') is a Spanish-style coat of arms, composed of a chess board, symbol of strategy; a triangle, representing straightness; and a fox, which signifies the force of intelligence. The ] colour represents the virtues of obedience and firmness; the ] represents honesty; and the ] symbolizes an oath to service. The ENI ] appears in ] words: "De Omni Re Scibili", which means "From every knowable thing".


===Staff and materials=== ===Staff and materials===
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===Recruitment and training=== ===Recruitment and training===
Citizens that are recruited for ] (''see ]''), are expected to go through the ENI's screening and training program before becoming a part of the organism. Citizens recruited for ] (''see ]''), are expected to go through the ENI's screening and training program before becoming a part of the organization.


During the 1960s, the basic courses that were taught by the school included specific materials that no agent with a pretension of passing could fail. Teachers taught normal subjects on the matter of espionage, such as the ability to open any kind of lock they could encounter with very basic tools. Photography, distant following of subjects, infiltration, and even lip reading formed part of the menu of basic knowledges taught. During the 1960s, basic courses included specific material that no agents hoping to pass could fail. Teachers taught normal subjects on the matter of espionage, such as abilities opening any kind of lock they could encounter using very basic tools. The basic curriculum included photography, distant following of subjects, infiltration, and even lip reading.


Establishing a well known method used by the ] and other ], agents that passed all the exams could move on to the final steps of their training, which included: shooting practice, weapons handling, and personal defense. Establishing a well known method used by the ] and other ], agents who passed all their exams could move on to the final steps of their training, which included shooting practice, weapons handling, and personal defense.


Students in the ENI, are not only taught basic theories, skills and techniques about intelligence and ], but also the developing of their "instinct" is heavily promoted. During "class", there are several ''"immediate reaction"'' tests. For example, these tests can be hidden in a simple routine, such as making students do a simple task, like working with a document. When the student least expects it, a simulation of a small fire break out begins, which helps evaluate a student's response capability under spontaneous and stressful situations. Students in the ENI, are not only taught basic theories, skills and techniques about intelligence and ], but also the development of "instinct." During "class", there are several ''"immediate reaction"'' tests. For example, these tests can be hidden in a simple routine, such as making students do a simple task, like working with a document. When the students least expects it, a simulation of a small fire break out begins, which helps evaluate students' response capabilities under spontaneous and stressful situations.


Students must be fully aware and attentive to their teachers and the material they are being taught. By being attentive it means remembering and analyzing any detail that could alter the routine of the classroom, like a phone call received by a professor to his/her cellphone, or if he or she suddenly coughs strongly. Students must be fully aware and attentive to their teachers and the material being taught. Being attentive means remembering and analyzing any detail that could alter the routine of the classroom, such as a phone call received by a professor on their cellphone, or if the professor suddenly coughs.


After the bell rings, without notice, students are usually interrogated about the previous circumstances, therefore evaluating a number of "''correct answers''". That is, seeing how attentive to details they were, and their capability to remember, analyze and discern all kinds of information, acts, things said, etc. After the bell rings, without notice, students are usually interrogated about the previous circumstances, therefore evaluating a number of "''correct answers''". That is, seeing how attentive to details they were, and their capabilities to remember, analyze, and discern many kinds of information, acts, things said, etc.


The second level of teaching is not reachable without first passing a whole set of psychological and physical examinations. Afterwards, the program becomes more complex, that means that the assignments become more technical, with subjects like Electronic Intelligence, where students are submerged into the art of phone tapping and the other uses of electronics in the intelligence world. The second level of teaching is not reachable without first passing a whole set of psychological and physical examinations. Afterwards, the program becomes more complex, meaning that the assignments become more technical, with subjects like Electronic Intelligence, where students are submerged into the art of phone tapping and the other uses of electronics in the intelligence world.


If a student gets good grades, then he or she can become a part of ]. If a student gets good grades, they can become a part of ].


===Magazine=== ===Magazine===
Line 70: Line 71:


==Sofía Fijman incident== ==Sofía Fijman incident==
Sofía Fijman was a 75 year old, middle-class, ] woman who fed cats that inhabited the garden of the ENI building. On February 26th of 1998, she was killed by Ricardo Dáttoli (a SIDE agent who was in charge of the ENI's security) who closed the 5,000 ] steel gate while she was feeding the cats through it. Sofía Fijman was a 75-year-old, middle-class, ] woman who fed cats that inhabited the garden of the ENI building. On February 26 of 1998, she was killed by Ricardo Dáttoli (a SIDE agent who was in charge of the ENI's security) who closed the 5-tonne steel gate while she was feeding the cats through it.


Fijman's hand became trapped in the gate, subsequently dragging her and causing a fatal injury to her head. Allegations by Fijman's domestic employee state that Dáttoli told her "''We are going to kill you, and the cats''", as he warned her not to feed the cats anymore. Fijman's hand became trapped in the gate, subsequently dragging her and causing a fatal injury to her head. Allegations by Fijman's domestic employee state that Dáttoli told her "''We are going to kill you, and the cats''", as he warned her not to feed the cats anymore.


Ricardo Dáttoli, an agent who got paid 1,700 ]s (''US$1,700 at that time'') for working six days a month doing a 36 hour surveillance shift and then resting for five days, claimed that he activated the door opening mechanism (''when no car was going in or out, and Fijman was feeding the cats'') because he fell and accidentally pushed the switch. Ricardo Dáttoli, an agent who got paid 1,700 ]s (''US$1,700 at that time'') for working six days a month doing a 36-hour surveillance shift and then resting for five days, claimed that he activated the door opening mechanism (''when no car was going in or out, and Fijman was feeding the cats'') because he fell and accidentally pushed the switch.


He described the incident stating that he fell and accidentally activated the mechanism because his shoe laces were untied. When Dáttoli activated the gates to open, and trapped Fijman's hand by doing so, an ] tourist couple was passing by Libertad Avenue. The man tried to stop the gate, he uses physical force and calls for help, but finally the gate overpowers him and kills the woman. During that time, Dáttoli did not activate the button to make the gate close and free the woman, even though there was a button for it. He described the incident stating that he fell and accidentally activated the mechanism because his shoe laces were untied. When Dáttoli activated the gates to open, and trapped Fijman's hand by doing so, an ]n tourist couple was passing by Libertad Avenue. The man tried to stop the gate, he uses physical force and calls for help, but finally the gate overpowers him and kills the woman. During that time, Dáttoli did not activate the button to make the gate close and free the woman, even though there was a button for it.


Even though Dáttoli could see what was happening through the video surveillance system, he did not do anything to avoid further damage to Fijman. The judicial investigation stated that the video of the incident has "''edited parts''", and that the part where Fijman receives the fatal wound has been erased. Since the incident, the ENI moved all its guards to other units or facilities and has changed its gate mechanism to a manual opening and closing procedure rather than a fully-automatic one. Even though Dáttoli could see what was happening through the video surveillance system, he did not do anything to avoid further damage to Fijman. The judicial investigation stated that the video of the incident has "''edited parts''", and that the part where Fijman receives the fatal wound has been erased. Since the incident, the ENI moved all its guards to other units or facilities and has changed its gate mechanism to a manual opening and closing procedure rather than a fully automatic one.


The investigation reported that 8 cameras and 16 monitors were focused on the ENI's entrance. Dáttoli and his accomplices were watching from the inside of the Mansion, and did nothing to stop the incident. The investigation reported that 8 cameras and 16 monitors were focused on the ENI's entrance. Dáttoli and his accomplices were watching from the inside of the Mansion, and did nothing to stop the incident.


Dáttoli has been sentenced to 10 years in prison for premeditated murder. Dáttoli has been sentenced to 10 years in prison for premeditated murder.

⚫ ==References==
⚫ *Revista HOMBRE 2004 archives
*
⚫ *{{cite book | first=Jorge | last=Boimvaser | title=Los sospechosos de siempre: Historia del espionaje en la Argentina | publisher=Editorial Planeta | year=2000 | isbn=9504906885 | url=http://www.boimvaser.com.ar}}


==See also== ==See also==
Line 96: Line 92:
*] *]
*] *]

⚫ ==References==
⚫ *Revista HOMBRE 2004 archives
⚫ *{{cite book | first=Jorge | last=Boimvaser | title=Los sospechosos de siempre: Historia del espionaje en la Argentina | publisher=Editorial Planeta | year=2000 | isbn=950-49-0688-5 | url=http://www.boimvaser.com.ar | access-date=2018-09-09 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130307093449/http://www.boimvaser.com.ar/ | archive-date=2013-03-07 | url-status=dead }}


==External links== ==External links==
*{{es icon}} *{{in lang|es}}
*{{es icon}} *{{in lang|es}}
*{{es icon}} *{{in lang|es}}


{{Argentine intelligence}} {{Argentine intelligence}}
{{Authority control}}


] ]

Latest revision as of 04:50, 15 December 2023

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Escuela Nacional de Inteligencia
Motto: ¨De Omni Re Scibili¨
English: "From every knowable thing"
Creation: January 24, 1967
Director: Silvia Beatriz Cucovaz
Location: Ave. Libertad 1235
Buenos Aires
Website: ENI.GOV.AR

Escuela Nacional de Inteligencia (National Intelligence School, ENI) is the national intelligence academy of the Argentine Republic. It depends on the Secretaría de Inteligencia, the main intelligence agency; and it is a depending suborganization of the National Intelligence System.

History

The school was created on January 24, 1967 by Executive Decree N° 17/1967. It was initially established in the fifth floor of a traditional building located on Diagonal Norte and San Martín avenues in Buenos Aires. On June 5 of that same year it instructed its first class to personnel of the Secretariat of Intelligence.

In 1982, the school moved to the building on Ave. Libertad 1235, where it remains today. Since 1992, it has established students exchange with foreign countries, strengthening the links with many foreign intelligence agencies.

Organization

Mission

Its mission is recruitment and instruction of Secretariat of Intelligence's personnel, with a specialized technical and humanistic formation, the analysis and study of the national intelligence doctrine and providing of online courses and long-distance teaching for agents who belong to the Secretariat and other Argentine intelligence or security organization.

ENI graduates receive a title and diploma certified by the National University of La Plata, Buenos Aires.

Facilities

The school's main building, a big belle époque academic-style mansion, is located on Calle Libertad 1235 in Buenos Aires. Estimated to be worth about US$724,178, it was built in 1922 and a parking lot was added in 1970. It has small rooms and wooden floors, a street surface of 2,515 m2 and an internal surface of 3,775 m2.

The ENI mansion is protected by a 5-tonne steel gate and a constant surveillance through a closed circuit television (CCTV) system that records all activity around the building. The School also has a library of 7,000 volumes, and through its webpage it offers online courses to all regions and provinces of Argentina.

Director

Silvia Beatriz Cucovaz de Arroche is the current director; having a geographical sciences degree, and is considered a highly experienced and valuable woman with a long history in the Secretaría de Inteligencia. Cucovaz was also a professor at the Faculty of History and the Geographical Sciences School of the University of Salvador, at the Faculty of Business of the University of Buenos Aires, and at the Faculty of Humanities of the University of Mar de la Plata.

Cucovaz de Arroche's previous jobs in Secretaría de Inteligencia included being the intelligence delegate in the Argentine Embassy in Germany (Bonn), the director of foreign intelligence, the chief of strategic affairs, the advisor of the secretary of intelligence, and an ENI professor.

Cucovaz de Arroche has participated in many conferences of international organizations, most notoriously serving as chairman of arms and explosives experts at the United Nations disarmament area. In Argentina, she is also counselor of the Council of International Relations and member of its international security committee.

Cucovaz wrote many dossiers and books such as "El rol de los servicios de Icia en el campo de la contraproliferación" and "Croatia as a stabilizing factor for peace in Europe; proceedings from an International Symposium".

Seal

The ENI seal (Escudo) is a Spanish-style coat of arms, composed of a chess board, symbol of strategy; a triangle, representing straightness; and a fox, which signifies the force of intelligence. The white colour represents the virtues of obedience and firmness; the black represents honesty; and the green symbolizes an oath to service. The ENI motto appears in Latin words: "De Omni Re Scibili", which means "From every knowable thing".

Staff and materials

During the 1960s, teachers in the ENI were mainly retired military officials who specialized in the intelligence service, or exceptionally, in the infantry branch. The materials taught were completely written in Argentina, usually by the military.

Recruitment and training

Citizens recruited for SIDE (see SIDE's recruitment procedures), are expected to go through the ENI's screening and training program before becoming a part of the organization.

During the 1960s, basic courses included specific material that no agents hoping to pass could fail. Teachers taught normal subjects on the matter of espionage, such as abilities opening any kind of lock they could encounter using very basic tools. The basic curriculum included photography, distant following of subjects, infiltration, and even lip reading.

Establishing a well known method used by the CIA and other intelligence agencies, agents who passed all their exams could move on to the final steps of their training, which included shooting practice, weapons handling, and personal defense.

Students in the ENI, are not only taught basic theories, skills and techniques about intelligence and SIDE, but also the development of "instinct." During "class", there are several "immediate reaction" tests. For example, these tests can be hidden in a simple routine, such as making students do a simple task, like working with a document. When the students least expects it, a simulation of a small fire break out begins, which helps evaluate students' response capabilities under spontaneous and stressful situations.

Students must be fully aware and attentive to their teachers and the material being taught. Being attentive means remembering and analyzing any detail that could alter the routine of the classroom, such as a phone call received by a professor on their cellphone, or if the professor suddenly coughs.

After the bell rings, without notice, students are usually interrogated about the previous circumstances, therefore evaluating a number of "correct answers". That is, seeing how attentive to details they were, and their capabilities to remember, analyze, and discern many kinds of information, acts, things said, etc.

The second level of teaching is not reachable without first passing a whole set of psychological and physical examinations. Afterwards, the program becomes more complex, meaning that the assignments become more technical, with subjects like Electronic Intelligence, where students are submerged into the art of phone tapping and the other uses of electronics in the intelligence world.

If a student gets good grades, they can become a part of SIDE.

Magazine

SIDE publishes every three months a magazine called "La Revista de la Escuela Nacional de Inteligencia" ("The Magazine of the National Intelligence School") about the studies and works of Argentines and foreigners on the subject of intelligence.

Sofía Fijman incident

Sofía Fijman was a 75-year-old, middle-class, Argentine woman who fed cats that inhabited the garden of the ENI building. On February 26 of 1998, she was killed by Ricardo Dáttoli (a SIDE agent who was in charge of the ENI's security) who closed the 5-tonne steel gate while she was feeding the cats through it.

Fijman's hand became trapped in the gate, subsequently dragging her and causing a fatal injury to her head. Allegations by Fijman's domestic employee state that Dáttoli told her "We are going to kill you, and the cats", as he warned her not to feed the cats anymore.

Ricardo Dáttoli, an agent who got paid 1,700 Argentine Pesos (US$1,700 at that time) for working six days a month doing a 36-hour surveillance shift and then resting for five days, claimed that he activated the door opening mechanism (when no car was going in or out, and Fijman was feeding the cats) because he fell and accidentally pushed the switch.

He described the incident stating that he fell and accidentally activated the mechanism because his shoe laces were untied. When Dáttoli activated the gates to open, and trapped Fijman's hand by doing so, an Australian tourist couple was passing by Libertad Avenue. The man tried to stop the gate, he uses physical force and calls for help, but finally the gate overpowers him and kills the woman. During that time, Dáttoli did not activate the button to make the gate close and free the woman, even though there was a button for it.

Even though Dáttoli could see what was happening through the video surveillance system, he did not do anything to avoid further damage to Fijman. The judicial investigation stated that the video of the incident has "edited parts", and that the part where Fijman receives the fatal wound has been erased. Since the incident, the ENI moved all its guards to other units or facilities and has changed its gate mechanism to a manual opening and closing procedure rather than a fully automatic one.

The investigation reported that 8 cameras and 16 monitors were focused on the ENI's entrance. Dáttoli and his accomplices were watching from the inside of the Mansion, and did nothing to stop the incident.

Dáttoli has been sentenced to 10 years in prison for premeditated murder.

See also

References

External links

National Intelligence System of Argentina
Civilian
Military
Disbanded
Category: