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{{Short description|Book and television series produced by the Friedmans}}
{{expand|date=June 2009}}
{{Other uses of|Freedom of choice}}
{{cleanup|date=June 2009}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=October 2013}}

{{no footnotes|date=January 2024}}
{{Infobox Book
{{Infobox book
| name = Free to Choose
| image = ] | name = Free to Choose: A Personal Statement
| author = ]<br>] | image = Free to Choose.jpg
| image_size = 180px
| country = ]
| language = ] | authors = ]<br>]
| country = United States
| language = English
| genre = ] | genre = ]
| publisher = ] | publisher = ]
| release_date = ] | release_date = 1980
| media_type = Print (] & ]) | media_type = Hardback
| pages = 338 (1990 Reprint) | pages = xii, 338
| isbn = 978-0-15-633460-0 | isbn = 0-15-133481-1
| dewey = 330.12/2
}}
| congress = HB501 .F72
'''Free to Choose''' is both a book (ISBN 978-0-15-633460-0) and a ten-part ] advocating the ] by economists ] and ].
| oclc = 797729203
}}{{Libertarianism US|literature}}
'''''Free to Choose: A Personal Statement''''' is a 1980 book by economists ] and ], accompanied by a ten-part series broadcast on ], that advocates ] principles. It was primarily a response to an earlier landmark book and television series '']'', by the noted economist ].


==Overview== ==Overview==
''Free to Choose: A Personal Statement'' maintains that the free market works best for all member of a society, claims to provide examples of how the market works, and maintains that it can solve problems where other approaches have failed. Published in January 1980, the 297 page book contains 10 chapters dealing with issues such as: ''Free to Choose: A Personal Statement'' maintains that the free market works best for all members of a society, provides examples of how the free market engenders prosperity, and maintains that it can solve problems where other approaches have failed. Published in January 1980, the 297 page book contains 10 chapters. The book was on top of the United States best sellers list for 5 weeks.
* The misuse of ] powers during the ],
* The decline of personal freedoms, and
* Government spending and economic controls.


] broadcast the programs, beginning in January 1980. It was filmed at the invitation of Robert Chitester, the owner of ]. It was based on a 15-part series of taped public lectures and question-and-answer sessions. The general format was that of Milton Friedman visiting and narrating a number of success and failure stories in history, which he attributes to free-market capitalism or the lack thereof (e.g., Hong Kong is commended for its free markets, while India is excoriated for relying on ] especially for its ] of its traditional ]). Following the primary show, Friedman would engage in discussion moderated by ] with a number of selected debaters drawn from trade unions, academy and the business community, such as ] (then of ]) and ] of ]. The interlocutors would offer objections to or support for the proposals put forward by Friedman, who would in turn respond. After the final episode, Friedman sat down for an interview with ].
Milton Friedman won the ] in 1976. Contrary to normal practice the book was written after the TV series was produced, although the line "Basis for the acclaimed public television triumph" is written on the front cover, using the program transcripts as reference. The book was on the ] best sellers list for 5 weeks.


===Guest debaters===
] telecast the series, beginning in January 1980; the general format was that of Dr. Friedman visiting and narrating a number of success and failure stories in history, which Dr. Friedman attributes to capitalism or the lack thereof (e.g. ] is commended for its free markets, while ] is excoriated for relying on ] especially for its ] of its traditional ]). Following the primary show, Dr. Friedman would engage in discussion with a number of selected persons, such as ] (then of ]).
Guest debaters included:
{{Div col|colwidth=30em}}
* ] (Commissioner of ]) – Episode 6
* ] (economist) – Episode 2
* ] (economist) – Vol. 3 Episode 5
* William H. Brady (Founder and President of ]) – Episode 8
* ] (politician) – Episode 9
* ] (Administrator of the ]) – Episode 7
* ] (politician, President of the ]) – Episode 1
* ] (], ] activist) – Episode 6
* ] (] economist) – Episode 7
* ] (] ] leader) – Episode 2
* ] (], ]er, ]) – Episode 4
* ] (President of ]) – Episode 9
* ] (CEO of ]) – Episode 1
* Ernest Green (]) – Episode 8
* ] (author, ], activist) – Episode 1
* ] (journalist, ]/columnist) – Episode 3
* ] (economist) – Episode 2
* ] (economist, journalist, diplomat) – Episodes 3, 5
* ] (economist) – Episode 4
* ] (]) – Episode 7
* ] (economist) – Episode 3
* ] (former ]) – Episode 9
* ] (economist, bureaucrat, social worker) – Episode 4
* ] (] ]) – Episode 7
* ] (], politician) – Episode 1
* ] (academic) – Episode 5
* ] (politician, President of ]) – Episode 2
* ] (President of ] and ] teachers' unions) – Episode 6
* Thomas Shannon (executive director of the ]) – Episode 6
* ] (economist, author, columnist) – Episodes 4, 5
* ] (Executive Vice President of ]) – Episode 9
* ] (economist) – Episode 3
* ] (International Secretary of ]) – Episode 8
* ] (economist, political commentator) – Episode 8
{{div col end}}


===1990 rebroadcast===
was rebroadcast in 1990 with ] moderating the episodes. ], ], ] and others give personal introductions for each episode in the series. This time, after the documentary part, Friedman sits down with a single opponent to debate the issues raised in the episode.
The series was rebroadcast in 1990 with ] moderating the episodes. ], ], ], ], and ], each give personal introductions for one episode. This time, after the documentary segment, Milton Friedman sits down with a single discussion participant to debate the points raised in the episode.


==Positions advocated== ==Positions advocated==
The Friedmans advocate ] economic policies, often criticizing interventionist government policies and their cost in personal freedoms and economic efficiency in the United States and abroad. Areas of focus include government taxation on gas and tobacco, government regulation of the public school systems, and the Federal Reserve's role in exacerbating the ] by reducing the money supply in the years leading up to it. On the subject of ], the Friedmans argue that current welfare practices are creating "wards of the state", as opposed to "self-reliant individuals", and suggest a ] as a less harmful alternative. Other ideas covered are: ], tighter control of Fed money supply, and the repeal of laws favoring ]. The Friedmans advocate '']'' economic policies, often criticizing ] government policies and their cost in personal freedoms and economic efficiency in the United States and abroad. They argue that international free trade has been restricted through ]s and protectionism while domestic free trade and freedom have been limited through high taxation and regulation. They cite the 19th-century ], the ] before the ], and modern ] as ideal examples of a minimalist economic policy. They contrast the ] of ] after the ] and the ] of ] after its independence from the ], and argue that India has performed worse despite its superior economic potential due to its centralized planning. They argue that even countries with ], including the ] and ], have been forced to adopt limited market mechanisms in order to operate. The authors argue against government ] and ] and government regulation of the public school systems. The Friedmans argue that the ] exacerbated the ] by neglecting to prevent the decline of the ] in the years leading up to it. They further argue that the American public falsely perceived the Depression to be a result of a failure of capitalism rather than the government, and that the Depression allowed the ] to centralize its control of the monetary system despite its responsibility for it.

On the subject of ], the Friedmans argue that the United States has maintained a higher degree of freedom and productivity by avoiding the ]s and extensive welfare systems of ]an countries such as the ] and ]. However, they also argue that welfare practices since the New Deal under "the ] empire" have been harmful. They argue that ] have become larger than originally envisioned and are creating "]" as opposed to "self-reliant individuals." They also argue that the ] is fundamentally flawed, that ] and ] programs have contributed to ] and diminished quality of low-income housing, and that ] and ] are responsible for rising healthcare prices in the United States. They suggest completely replacing the welfare state with a ] as a less harmful alternative.

The Friedmans also argue that declining academic performance in the United States is the result of increasing government control of the ] tracing back to the 1840s, but suggest a ] as a politically feasible solution. They blame the ] and lower quality of ] on extensive business regulations since the 1960s, and advocate abolishing the ], the ], the ], ], and ]. They argue that the ] would be resolved by abolishing the ] and ]s on ]. They recommend replacing the ] and ] with an ]. They criticize ] for raising prices and lowering ] by enforcing high wage levels, and for contributing to ] by limiting jobs. They argue that inflation is caused by excessive government spending, the Federal Reserve's attempts to control ]s, and ] policy. They call for tighter control of Fed money supply despite the fact that it will result in a temporary period of high unemployment and low growth due to the interruption of the ]. In the final chapter, they take note of recent current events that seem to suggest a return to free-market principles in academic thought and public opinion, and argue in favor of an "economic ]" to cement the changes.


==Video chapters (1980 version)== ==Video chapters (1980 version)==
#The Power of the Market () () # The Power of the Market
# The Tyranny of Control
#The Tyranny of Control () ()
# Anatomy of Crisis
#Anatomy of Crisis () ()
# From Cradle to Grave
#From Cradle to Grave () ()
# Created Equal
#Created Equal () ()
#What's Wrong with Our Schools? () () # What's Wrong with Our Schools?
#Who Protects the Consumer? () () # Who Protects the Consumer?
#Who Protects the Worker? () () # Who Protects the Worker?
# How to Cure Inflation
#How to Cure Inflation () ()
# How to Stay Free
#How to Stay Free () ()


==Video chapters (1990 version)==
==Citations==
# The Power of the Market – Introduction by Arnold Schwarzenegger
*'']: Representative Selection'' by ],
# The Tyranny of Control – Introduction by George Shultz
*'']'' by Milton Friedman,
# Freedom and Prosperity (featured only in the 1990 version) – Introduction by Ronald Reagan
*''The Declaration of Independence'' by Sam Fink,
# The Failure of Socialism (original title: "What's Wrong With Our Schools?") – Introduction by David D. Friedman
*'']'' by ],
# Created Equal – Introduction by Steve Allen
*''Principles of Political Economy: and Chapters on Socialism'' by ],

*'']'' by ],
==See also==
*''Declaration of Independence'' by U.S Government,
* ]
*''The Federal Reserve System: Purposes and Functions'' by Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System,
* '']''
*''Income from Independent Professional'' Practice by Milton Friedman,
* '']''
*''The Pursuit of Equality in American History'' by J.R. Pole,

*''Monetary History of the United States, 1867-1960'' by Milton Friedman,
== References ==
*''Education and the State'' by E.G. West,
* {{cite journal |first=Sören |last=Brandes |url=http://www.zeithistorische-forschungen.de/3-2015/id%3D5284 |title='Free to choose': Die Popularisierung des Neoliberalismus in Milton Friedmans Fernsehserie (1980/90) |journal=Zeithistorische Forschungen/Studies in Contemporary History |volume=12 |issue=3 |editor-first1=Ralf |editor-last1=Ahrens |editor-first2=Marcus |editor-last2=Böick |editor-first3=Marcel |editor-last3=vom Lehn |date=December 2015 |pages=526–533 |language=de}}
*''Tyranny of the Status Quo'' by Milton Friedman,
* {{cite journal |first=Angus |last=Burgin |title=Age of Certainty: Galbraith, Friedman, and the Public Life of Economic Ideas |editor-first1=Tiago |editor-last1=Mata |editor-first2=Steven G. |editor-last2=Medema |journal=] |volume=45 |issue=supp. 1 |publisher=Duke University |year=2013 |pages=191–219 |doi=10.1215/00182702-2310998}}
*'']'' by John Maynard Keynes,
*''Studies in the Quantity Theory of Money'' by Milton Friedman,
*''John Lewis Biography'' by Melvin Dubofsky,
*''Nineteen Eighty-four'' by George Orwell,
*''The United States Bill of Rights'' by U.S Government,
*''Government by Judiciary'' by ],
*''Culture and the City: Cultural Philanthropy in Chicago from the 1880's to 1917'' by ]
*'']'' by ]


== External links == == External links ==
* *
* *
*


{{Milton Friedman}}


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Latest revision as of 23:53, 15 October 2024

Book and television series produced by the Friedmans For other uses of "Freedom of choice", see Freedom of choice (disambiguation).

This article includes a list of references, related reading, or external links, but its sources remain unclear because it lacks inline citations. Please help improve this article by introducing more precise citations. (January 2024) (Learn how and when to remove this message)
Free to Choose: A Personal Statement
AuthorsMilton Friedman
Rose Friedman
LanguageEnglish
GenreNonfiction
PublisherHarcourt
Publication date1980
Publication placeUnited States
Media typeHardback
Pagesxii, 338
ISBN0-15-133481-1
OCLC797729203
Dewey Decimal330.12/2
LC ClassHB501 .F72
This article is part of a series on
Libertarianism
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See also

Free to Choose: A Personal Statement is a 1980 book by economists Milton and Rose D. Friedman, accompanied by a ten-part series broadcast on public television, that advocates free market principles. It was primarily a response to an earlier landmark book and television series The Age of Uncertainty, by the noted economist John Kenneth Galbraith.

Overview

Free to Choose: A Personal Statement maintains that the free market works best for all members of a society, provides examples of how the free market engenders prosperity, and maintains that it can solve problems where other approaches have failed. Published in January 1980, the 297 page book contains 10 chapters. The book was on top of the United States best sellers list for 5 weeks.

PBS broadcast the programs, beginning in January 1980. It was filmed at the invitation of Robert Chitester, the owner of WQLN-TV. It was based on a 15-part series of taped public lectures and question-and-answer sessions. The general format was that of Milton Friedman visiting and narrating a number of success and failure stories in history, which he attributes to free-market capitalism or the lack thereof (e.g., Hong Kong is commended for its free markets, while India is excoriated for relying on centralized planning especially for its protection of its traditional textile industry). Following the primary show, Friedman would engage in discussion moderated by Robert McKenzie with a number of selected debaters drawn from trade unions, academy and the business community, such as Donald Rumsfeld (then of G.D. Searle & Company) and Frances Fox Piven of City University of New York. The interlocutors would offer objections to or support for the proposals put forward by Friedman, who would in turn respond. After the final episode, Friedman sat down for an interview with Lawrence Spivak.

Guest debaters

Guest debaters included:

1990 rebroadcast

The series was rebroadcast in 1990 with Linda Chavez moderating the episodes. Arnold Schwarzenegger, George Shultz, Ronald Reagan, David D. Friedman, and Steve Allen, each give personal introductions for one episode. This time, after the documentary segment, Milton Friedman sits down with a single discussion participant to debate the points raised in the episode.

Positions advocated

The Friedmans advocate laissez-faire economic policies, often criticizing interventionist government policies and their cost in personal freedoms and economic efficiency in the United States and abroad. They argue that international free trade has been restricted through tariffs and protectionism while domestic free trade and freedom have been limited through high taxation and regulation. They cite the 19th-century United Kingdom, the United States before the Great Depression, and modern Hong Kong as ideal examples of a minimalist economic policy. They contrast the economic growth of Japan after the Meiji Restoration and the economic stagnation of India after its independence from the British Empire, and argue that India has performed worse despite its superior economic potential due to its centralized planning. They argue that even countries with command economies, including the Soviet Union and Yugoslavia, have been forced to adopt limited market mechanisms in order to operate. The authors argue against government taxation on gas and tobacco and government regulation of the public school systems. The Friedmans argue that the Federal Reserve exacerbated the Great Depression by neglecting to prevent the decline of the money supply in the years leading up to it. They further argue that the American public falsely perceived the Depression to be a result of a failure of capitalism rather than the government, and that the Depression allowed the Federal Reserve Board to centralize its control of the monetary system despite its responsibility for it.

On the subject of welfare, the Friedmans argue that the United States has maintained a higher degree of freedom and productivity by avoiding the nationalizations and extensive welfare systems of Western European countries such as the United Kingdom and Sweden. However, they also argue that welfare practices since the New Deal under "the HEW empire" have been harmful. They argue that public assistance programs have become larger than originally envisioned and are creating "wards of the state" as opposed to "self-reliant individuals." They also argue that the Social Security System is fundamentally flawed, that urban renewal and public housing programs have contributed to racial inequality and diminished quality of low-income housing, and that Medicare and Medicaid are responsible for rising healthcare prices in the United States. They suggest completely replacing the welfare state with a negative income tax as a less harmful alternative.

The Friedmans also argue that declining academic performance in the United States is the result of increasing government control of the American education system tracing back to the 1840s, but suggest a voucher system as a politically feasible solution. They blame the 1970s recession and lower quality of consumer goods on extensive business regulations since the 1960s, and advocate abolishing the Food and Drug Administration, the Interstate Commerce Commission, the Consumer Product Safety Commission, Amtrak, and Conrail. They argue that the energy crisis would be resolved by abolishing the Department of Energy and price floors on crude oil. They recommend replacing the Environmental Protection Agency and environmental regulation with an effluent charge. They criticize labor unions for raising prices and lowering demand by enforcing high wage levels, and for contributing to unemployment by limiting jobs. They argue that inflation is caused by excessive government spending, the Federal Reserve's attempts to control interest rates, and full employment policy. They call for tighter control of Fed money supply despite the fact that it will result in a temporary period of high unemployment and low growth due to the interruption of the wage-price spiral. In the final chapter, they take note of recent current events that seem to suggest a return to free-market principles in academic thought and public opinion, and argue in favor of an "economic Bill of Rights" to cement the changes.

Video chapters (1980 version)

  1. The Power of the Market
  2. The Tyranny of Control
  3. Anatomy of Crisis
  4. From Cradle to Grave
  5. Created Equal
  6. What's Wrong with Our Schools?
  7. Who Protects the Consumer?
  8. Who Protects the Worker?
  9. How to Cure Inflation
  10. How to Stay Free

Video chapters (1990 version)

  1. The Power of the Market – Introduction by Arnold Schwarzenegger
  2. The Tyranny of Control – Introduction by George Shultz
  3. Freedom and Prosperity (featured only in the 1990 version) – Introduction by Ronald Reagan
  4. The Failure of Socialism (original title: "What's Wrong With Our Schools?") – Introduction by David D. Friedman
  5. Created Equal – Introduction by Steve Allen

See also

References

External links

Milton Friedman
Academic career
Works
Philosophy
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