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{{Short description|Book by Bruce A. Ackerman}} |
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{{Neutrality|date=October 2021|talk=Neutrality}}{{Italic title}} |
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'''''Social Justice in the Liberal State''''' <ref>{{cite book |
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|isbn=0-300-02439-8 |
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|title=Social justice in the liberal state |
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|author=Ackerman, Bruce A. |
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|publisher=New Haven : Yale University Press |
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|year=1980 |
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|url-access=registration |
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|url=https://archive.org/details/socialjusticeinl00bruc |
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}} |
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</ref> is a book written by ].<ref name="prel">{{cite web |
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|url = http://www.yale.edu/opa/newsr/04-03-01-03.all.html |
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|title = YALE News Release |
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|author = Office of Public Affairs |
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|publisher = Yale Law School |
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|date = 1 March 2004 |
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|url-status = dead |
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|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20060909203011/http://www.yale.edu/opa/newsr/04-03-01-03.all.html |
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|archive-date = 9 September 2006 |
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|df = |
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}} |
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</ref><ref>{{cite web |
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|url=http://www.law.yale.edu/faculty/BAckerman.htm |
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|title=Faculty |
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|author=Yale Law School |
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|accessdate=2006-07-16 |
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}} |
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</ref> The book is an essay in political philosophy,<ref name="prel"/> a "new view" of the theoretical foundations of liberalism that will "challenge us to clarify our own implicit notions of liberal democracy."<ref>{{cite news |
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|author = Book Review Desk |
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|title = Notable Books of the Year |
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|work = Late City Final Edition |
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|pages = 14, Column 1, Section 7 |
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|publisher = The New York Times |
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|date = 30 November 1980 |
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}} |
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</ref> Ackerman addresses the positive case for a liberalism that glorifies neither the state bureaucracy nor the private market. References to the sphere of relations among states are few, but the breadth of the attack on the fundamental issues of man and society is impressive.<ref>{{cite web |
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|url = http://www.foreignaffairs.org/19801201fabook13511/bruce-a-ackerman/social-justice-in-the-liberal-state.html |
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|author = Campbell, John C. |
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|year = 1981 |
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|title = Review: Social Justice in the Liberal State |
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|publisher = Council on Foreign Relations |
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|access-date = 2006-07-16 |
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|url-status = dead |
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|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070930181031/http://www.foreignaffairs.org/19801201fabook13511/bruce-a-ackerman/social-justice-in-the-liberal-state.html |
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|archive-date = 2007-09-30 |
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|df = |
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}} |
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</ref> To Ackerman, liberalism is a kind of structured conversation in which verbal negotiation among those with differing visions of the good life is an alternative to the exercise of naked power.<ref>{{cite web |
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|url = http://www.ed.uiuc.edu/eps/PES-Yearbook/92_docs/Bull.HTM |
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|author = Bull, Barry L. |
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|year = 1992 |
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|title = The Creolization of Liberalism |
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|publisher = College of Education at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign |
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|access-date = 2006-07-16 |
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|url-status = dead |
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|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20060830201611/http://www.ed.uiuc.edu/eps/PES-Yearbook/92_docs/Bull.HTM |
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|archive-date = 2006-08-30 |
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|df = |
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}} |
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</ref> Ackerman has mounted a profound challenge to contract thinking. It works, crudely, on the idea that the premises of a course of contract reasoning can be manipulated so as to yield (more or less) any conclusion that the theorist has some antecedent interest in producing.<ref>{{cite web |
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|url=http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/contractarianism-contemporary/ |
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|title=Contemporary Approaches to the Social Contract |
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|author=D'Agostino, Fred |
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|publisher=Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, Stanford University |
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|date=8 April 2003 |
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|accessdate=2006-07-16 |
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}} |
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</ref> The social contract is the contract which would be confirmed by the entire population, under ideal conditions, after perfect and complete consideration.<ref>{{cite web |
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|url=http://web.inter.nl.net/users/Paul.Treanor/rawls.html |
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|title=The politics of John Rawls |
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|author=Treanor, Paul |
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|date=11 January 2003 |
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|accessdate=2006-07-16 |
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}} |
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</ref> Ackerman has offered a suggestion for determining whether any persons among a genetically diverse group are genetically disadvantaged. His suggestion is that to be genetically undominated, a person must possess a set of abilities that permit him to pursue some life purpose that some persons have, with as much facility as any other person is able to pursue that life purpose. He asserts that every person has a right to be genetically undominated.<ref>{{cite web |
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|url=http://www.wealthandwant.com/docs/Tideman_PJER.html |
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|title=Peace, Justice, and Economic Reform |
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|author=Tideman, Nicolaus |
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|publisher=Achenbaum, Wyneth; wealthandwant.com |
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|date=18 March 1997 |
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|accessdate=2006-07-16 |
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}} |
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</ref> The privatization of religious convictions is also strongly defended. Ackerman argues for a maximal separation doctrine in that religion does not have an appropriate place in the public realm of a liberal democracy.<ref>{{cite web |
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|url=http://www.du.edu/gsis/hrhw/volumes/2006/rieffer-2006.pdf |
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|title=Religion, Politics and Human Rights |
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|author=Rieffer, Barbara Ann |
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|publisher=Human Rights & Human Welfare: An International Review of Books and Other Publications |
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|year=2006 |
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|accessdate=2006-07-16 |
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}} |
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</ref> The book also briefly suggests <ref name="amar1">{{cite web |
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|url = http://www.law.yale.edu/documents/pdf/1984Choosing.pdf |
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|title = 93 Yale L.J. 1283 |
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|author = Amar, Akhil Reed |
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|publisher = The Yale Law Journal Company, Inc. |
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|date = Jun 1984 |
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|access-date = 2006-07-16 |
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|url-status = dead |
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|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20060831192620/http://www.law.yale.edu/documents/pdf/1984Choosing.pdf |
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|archive-date = 2006-08-31 |
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|df = |
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}} |
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</ref> "responsive lotteries",<ref>{{cite web |
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|url = http://www.law.yale.edu/documents/pdf/1994Consent.pdf |
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|title = 94 Colum. L. Rev. 457 |
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|author = Amar, Akhil Reed |
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|date = Mar 1984 |
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|publisher = Directors of The Columbia Law Review Association |
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|access-date = 2006-07-16 |
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|url-status = dead |
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|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20060831192541/http://www.law.yale.edu/documents/pdf/1994Consent.pdf |
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|archive-date = 2006-08-31 |
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|df = |
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}} |
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</ref> prototypes of lottery voting as a way to decide issues but leaves the question hanging in the air by inviting others to devote more serious thought to lottery voting.<ref name="amar1"/> |
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== See also == |
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'''''The Liberal State''''' is a book written by ] on the topic of ] given ] in ]. In this paper Ackerman gives an ] on how several principles, ], ], ], and ] can result in a ]al method that can determine the ] of the use of ] by an individual over a given ]. |
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* ] |
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* ] |
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* ] |
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==References== |
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== Summary of the book== |
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<references /> |
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== External links == |
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Ackerman starts his argument with the idea that there are a ] amount of resources in society, and people will conflict over these scarce resources. The conflict arises over resources since a person must control their person and their immediate environment (to get food, etc.) to sustain life. |
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* at Yale University Press |
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;Related works |
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* at Universitetet i Oslos |
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* at Washington University in St. Louis |
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* at ] |
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* {{dead link|date=December 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} at George Mason University |
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;Scholastic inclusion |
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* at Collegium Budapest Institute for Advanced Study |
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* at Lingnan University |
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* {{dead link|date=December 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} at University of Aberdeen |
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* {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060908185829/http://www.ccu.edu/library/subjectguide/socialjustice.asp |date=2006-09-08 }} at Colorado Christian University |
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Social Justice In The Liberal State}} |
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It is inevitable in a world of scarce resources in which a person will claim control over resources that another person has. The question is, how would such a conflict be resolved with a conscientious attempt at a reasonable answer? |
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] |
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] |
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One possible answer is to use power to attack the claimant. As well, the less power the person has, the more they stand to lose from argument; the more power the person has the more easily they can suppress the claimant. Ackerman assumes that instead of violence, the person will respond with an argument, with particular features to be discussed, as to why they should control the resources in question. |
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] |
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== Principles, building the argument == |
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Ackerman hopes to build a blueprint of an argument method that can successfully be used to settle claims over resources. The assumption mentioned in the last section is that the parties will not use violence to suppress the speech of the other party. Ackerman's blueprint has four principles that, when used together, can lead to a successful discussion method to resolve resource conflicts. |
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=== Rationality === |
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=== Consistency === |
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=== Neutrality === |
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=== Undominated equality === |
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