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{{Short description|Australian atmospheric physicist}}
{{Use Australian English|date=February 2012}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2020}}
{{Infobox scientist {{Infobox scientist
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'''Garth William Paltridge''', born {{birth date and age|1940|04|24}}, is a retired Australian ]. In August 2009 he published a book on the ] debate, ''The Climate Caper''. Paltridge believes that while athropogenic global warming is real, the warming will probably be too small to be a threat.<ref name="book">{{cite web |url=http://www.onlineopinion.com.au/view.asp?article=9303&page=0 |title=The over-blown science of global warming - On Line Opinion - 17/8/2009 |publisher=www.onlineopinion.com.au |accessdate=2009-08-18 |quote=...there is no longer much argument among scientists about the existence of the greenhouse global warming phenomenon. }}</ref> '''Garth William Paltridge''' (born 24 April 1940, ], ]) is a retired ] ]. He is a visiting fellow at the ] and emeritus professor and honorary research fellow at the Institute of Antarctic and Southern Oceans Studies (IASOS), ].<ref name="fcms">{{Cite web | url=http://fcms.its.utas.edu.au/scieng/iasos/ | title=Home - Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies| date=4 September 2024}}</ref><ref>
{{cite web | url=http://www.rsbs.anu.edu.au/ResearchGroups/EBG/profiles/Garth_Paltridge/ProfGarthPaltridge.php | title=Prof. Garth Paltridge | author=Australian National University | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110224031005/http://www.rsbs.anu.edu.au/ResearchGroups/EBG/profiles/Garth_Paltridge/ProfGarthPaltridge.php | archivedate=24 February 2011 | accessdate=16 February 2012 }}</ref>


==Career==
==Early life and career==
Paltridge obtained a ] in 1961 from the ], a ] in 1965 from ] and a ] in 1976 from the University of Queensland. He worked as a postdoctoral fellow at the ] in 1966, then as senior research scientist for the ] at ], ], ], from 1967–1968. In 1968 he took up a role as research scientist at the ], ], where he remained until 1981. During that time he worked briefly as a consultant to the ] in 1975 in ], ], where he was involved in the early development of the World Climate Program,<ref>{{Cite web | url=http://www.wmo.int/pages/prog/wcp/wcp_home_en.html | title=World Meteorological Organization (WMO) - WCP}}</ref> and in 1979 he was posted as senior visiting scientist at the U.S. ] (NOAA). He was elected as a ] in 1980. In 1981 he was seconded as director of the Environmental Executive of the ], and in 1982 he returned to the CSIRO as chief research scientist, where he remained until 1989. He briefly served as senior visiting scientist at the National Climate Program Office<ref></ref> from 1989–1990. From 1990 to 2002 he was professor and director of the Institute of Antarctic and Southern Oceans Studies<ref name="fcms"/> at the ] and at the same time, from 1991–2002, he was the chief executive officer of the Antarctic Co-operative Research Centre<ref>{{Cite web | url=http://www.acecrc.org.au/ | title=ACE CRC &#124; Antarctic Climate & Ecosystems Cooperative Research Centre | access-date=29 July 2009 | archive-date=5 July 2009 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090705100853/http://www.acecrc.org.au/ | url-status=dead }}</ref> at the University of Tasmania.<ref name="bio">
Paltridge obtained a ] in 1961 from the ], a ] in 1965 from ] and a ] in 1976 from the University of Queensland. From 1967 to 1989 he worked for the ]. He is a Fellow of the ]. From 1990 to 2002 he was the director of the '''' at the ] and from 1991 to 2002 he held the post of director of the '''' at the ].<ref name="bio">{{cite web |url=http://www.asap.unimelb.edu.au/bsparcs/biogs/P003823b.htm |title=Paltridge, Garth William (1940 - ) |accessdate=2009-07-29 |publisher=University of Melbourne}}</ref>
{{cite web
|url=http://www.asap.unimelb.edu.au/bsparcs/biogs/P003823b.htm
|title=Paltridge, Garth William (1940 - )
|author=University of Melbourne
|accessdate=2009-07-29
}}</ref><ref name="cc-bio">
{{cite web
|url=http://www.connorcourt.com/catalog1/index.php?main_page=product_info&cPath=29&products_id=113
|title=About the author
|accessdate=2009-07-29
|work=Connor Court
|date=July 2009
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090723192750/http://www.connorcourt.com/catalog1/index.php?main_page=product_info&cPath=29&products_id=113
|archive-date=23 July 2009
|url-status=dead
}}
</ref>


Paltridge was involved in studies on stratospheric electricity, the effect of atmosphere on plant growth and the radiation properties of clouds.<ref name="bio" /> Paltridge researched topics such as the optimum design of plants and the economics of climate forecasting, and worked on atmospheric radiation and the theoretical basis of climate. In terms of purely scientific impact, perhaps his most significant achievement was to show that the earth/atmosphere climate system has adopted format which maximizes the rate of its thermodynamic dissipation (i.e. its rate of entropy production). This suggests a governing constraint by a Principle of Maximum Rate of Entropy Production (see also ]). It may allow prediction of the broad-scale steady-state distribution of cloud, of temperature and of the energy flows in the ocean and atmosphere when one has sufficient data about the system for that purpose, but does not have fully detailed data about every variable of the system. Paltridge has published more than 100 books and scientific papers.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.rsbs.anu.edu.au/ResearchGroups/EBG/documents/Paltridge_Publicationsto2009.pdf |title=Publications of Garth W. Paltridge |accessdate=10 September 2009}}</ref> Paltridge was involved in studies on stratospheric electricity, the effect of the atmosphere on plant growth and the radiation properties of clouds.<ref name="bio" /> Paltridge researched topics such as the optimum design of plants and the economics of climate forecasting, and worked on atmospheric radiation and the theoretical basis of climate. Paltridge introduced the subsequently disputed hypothesis that the earth/atmosphere climate system adopts a format that maximises its rate of thermodynamic dissipation, i.e., ] production. This suggests a governing constraint by a ]. According to this principle, prediction of the broad-scale steady-state distribution of cloud, temperature and energy flows in the ocean and atmosphere may be possible when one has sufficient data about the system for that purpose, but does not have fully detailed data about every variable of the system.<ref>
{{cite journal
|doi=10.1002/qj.49710444206
|author=Paltridge, G. W.
|title=The steady-state format of global climate
|journal=Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society
|volume=104
|issue=442
|pages=927–945
|year=1978
|bibcode=1978QJRMS.104..927P
}}</ref> As co-author with C.M.R. Platt, in 1976 Paltridge published a textbook entitled ''Radiative Processes in Meteorology and Climatology''.<ref>Paltridge, G.W., Platt, C.M.R. Platt (1976). ''Radiative Processes in Meteorology and Climatology'', Elsevier Scientific Publishing Company, Amsterdam, {{ISBN|0-444-41444-4}}.</ref>


==Views on climate change==
He previously worked as the Director of the Environmental Executive of the ], a now-defunct petroleum industry trade group.<ref name="cc-bio">{{cite web |url=http://www.connorcourt.com/catalog1/index.php?main_page=product_info&cPath=29&products_id=113 |title=About the author |accessdate=2009-07-29 |publisher=Connor Court |year=2009 |month=July}}</ref>
In August 2009 he published a book on the ] debate, ''The Climate Caper''. Paltridge agrees with the ] that anthropogenic global warming is real, but disagrees with mainstream scientific opinion in that he thinks that the warming will probably be too small to be a threat.<ref name="oopin">

{{cite web
==Climate change scepticism==
|url=http://www.onlineopinion.com.au/view.asp?article=9303&page=0
{{Quote box
|title=The over-blown science of global warming - On Line Opinion - 17/8/2009
| quote = We think as far as Antarctica is concerned, that over the next 100 or 200 years, the input of snowfall will increase faster than will the melting of ice on the edges, and so Antarctica may actually increase in size slightly, the ice sheet. Greenland we're not absolutely certain, but it won't change much we believe over the next 100 or 200 years.
|publisher=onlineopinion.com.au
| source = Garth Paltridge, interviewed on ''Earthbeat'', Feb. 2000<ref name="eb">{{cite web |url=http://www.abc.net.au/rn/science/earth/stories/s101703.htm |title=Antarctic Ice Sheet |accessdate=2009-07-29 |publisher=Australian Broadcasting Corporation |year=2000 |month=February}}</ref>
|accessdate=2009-08-18
| width = 38%
}}</ref>
| align = right
}}
<!-- {{Main|The Climate Caper|l1="The Climate Caper", Paltridge's book on climate change}} -->

Paltridge has argued against the Australian government's proposed emissions trading legislation. He has said, "Given all the uncertainties about climate change itself and whether in any event its impact on the environment would be positive or negative, it's not exactly an open-and-shut case that one should spend a lot of money on reducing carbon dioxide emissions now."<ref name="jh">{{cite web |url=http://www.smh.com.au/news/Environment/A-cold-hard-look-at-a-hot-topic/2005/04/08/1112815726833.html?oneclick=true |title=A cold, hard look at a hot topic |accessdate=2009-07-29 |publisher=Fairfax Digital |year=2005}}</ref> His view is that it would be better to invest in adaptation strategies, rather than mitigation strategies.<ref name="jh" />

Paltridge has stated that he was threatened with funding cuts in the 1990s by his employer, the ], if he publicly expressed his doubts about the extent of the effect of greenhouse emissions.<ref name="threat">{{cite web |url=http://www.smh.com.au/news/miranda-devine/a-debate-begging-for-more-light/2006/03/01/1141191731122.html?page=2 |title=A debate begging for more light |accessdate=2009-07-29 |publisher=Fairfax Digital |author=Miranda Devine |year=2006 |month=March}}</ref>

Paltridge delivered a keynote speech at the 2005 "Managing Climate Change" conference, sponsored by ] and ],<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.apec.org.au/docs/currentsjune2005/currentsjune2005.htm |title=APEC Currents - June 2005 |publisher=www.apec.org.au |accessdate=2009-10-06 }}</ref><ref name="jh">{{cite web |url=http://www.smh.com.au/news/Environment/A-cold-hard-look-at-a-hot-topic/2005/04/08/1112815726833.html?oneclick=true |title=A cold, hard look at a hot topic |accessdate=2009-07-29 |publisher=Fairfax Digital |year=2005}}</ref> in which he stated, referring to the IPCC's scientific consensus on climate change, that "consensus is not the sort of thing on which sensible people put their money".<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.sepp.org/Archive/weekwas/2005/May%2028.htm |title=The Week That Was |publisher=www.sepp.org |accessdate=2009-10-06 }}</ref> He also stated that the apparent convergence of the predictions of the IPCC models into a narrower range of possible temperature rise has to be taken with "a considerable grain of salt".<ref name="speech">{{cite web |url=http://www.parliament.nsw.gov.au/prod/parlment/publications.nsf/0/FB07F849FCBA7B76CA2571150023166E/$File/climate%20change%20and%20index.pdf |title=The Science of Climate Change - Background Paper No 1/06 |accessdate=2009-10-06 |publisher=NSW Parliament |year=2005}}</ref>

==Political and group affiliations==
Paltridge was listed as an "allied expert" by the ].<ref name="bigoil">{{cite web |url=http://www.thedailygreen.com/environmental-news/latest/inhofe-global-warming-deniers-scientists-46011008-3 |title=Inhofes List of 400 Scientists Global Warming Deniers, Debunked - Climate Change Deniers - thedailygreen.com |publisher=thedailygreen.com |accessdate=2009-09-21 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://web.archive.org/web/20071202095654/www.nrsp.com/people.html |title=Understanding Climate Change: The Natural Resources Stewardship Project reconsiders the Kyoto Protocol (Kyoto Accord) and Canada's environmental policy. |publisher=web.archive.org |accessdate=2009-09-20 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://web.archive.org/web/20071031231531/www.nrsp.com/scientists.html#6 |title=Understanding Climate Change: The Natural Resources Stewardship Project reconsiders the Kyoto Protocol (Kyoto Accord) and Canada's environmental policy. |publisher=web.archive.org |accessdate=2009-09-20 }}</ref>

Paltridge is a member of the ] like fellow Australian global warming skeptic, ]. The Lavoisier Group organised the launch of Paltridge's book on August 11, 2009 in ], where ] launched the book, and Garth Paltridge responded.

Paltridge was listed in 2009 as treasurer of the Tasmanian branch of ] at their website, where he was jokingly referred to as being "a physicist until he became corrupted by climate science" who "went mad after retirement and started to take piano lessons".<ref name="skeptic">{{cite web |url=http://www.skeptics.com.au/contact/tas.htm |title=Australian Skeptics |accessdate=2009-07-29 |year=2009 |month=July}}</ref>

==Book: ''The Climate Caper''==
''The Climate Caper'' is a ] book published in August 2009. It argues against the ] on ], rejecting the view that ] is "very likely due to the observed increase in anthropogenic (man-made) greenhouse gas concentrations"<ref>{{cite web | url=http://ipcc-wg1.ucar.edu/wg1/Report/AR4WG1_Print_SPM.pdf | title=IPCC AR4 Summary for Policymakers | publisher=]}}</ref> and criticises what it claims to be the "politicisation of science".<ref>{{cite news|title=Ballan publisher in heaven after coup|url=http://www.thecourier.com.au/news/local/news/general/ballan-publisher-in-heaven-after-coup/1553105.aspx?storypage=0|work=The Courier|date=June 28, 2009|accessdate=July 20, 2009}}</ref>

===Launch===
The ] organised the launch of Paltridge's book on August 11, 2009 in ], where ] launched the book, and Garth Paltridge responded.

===Content===
In the short (111-page) book, Paltridge criticises the IPCC as having become a permanent feature with its own bureaucracy spawning a continuing series of reports which have not changed our basic knowledge of the problem.<ref name="piers">{{cite web |url=http://www.geelongadvertiser.com.au/article/2009/07/30/89091_opinion.html |title=The folly of emissions trading |accessdate=2009-07-30 |publisher=Geelong Advertiser |author=] |year=2009 |month=July}}</ref> He says one of the more frightening statements about global warming heard now is that "the scientists have spoken", adding that "the implication of god-like infallibility is a little hard to take". The science of global warming, he says, is far less settled than climate scientists would have us believe. He adds that experimental data don't exist to check the model calculations of an amplified temperature rise. The existing models were established before the political stakes soared and it is now almost impossible for dissenters to enter the field, he claims. His conclusion is that it has not been solidly established, and it is not accepted by the majority of scientists as proven fact, that global warming from increased atmospheric carbon dioxide will be large enough to be seriously noticeable, let alone large enough to be disastrous.<ref name="piers" />

In his book, Paltridge claims that there is "no longer much argument among scientists about the existence of the greenhouse global warming phenomenon", and never was.<ref name="book" /> However, he posits, the effect may not be large enough to be seriously noticeable, let alone large enough to be disastrous. Paltridge differs from the majority of climate scientists who argue that taking no action to mitigate climate change is "inexcusable".<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.euractiv.com/en/climate-change/climate-inaction-inexcusable-scientists-tell-leaders/article-180267 |title=EurActiv.com - Climate inaction 'inexcusable', scientists tell leaders | EU - European Information on Climate Change |publisher=www.euractiv.com |accessdate=2009-10-04 }}</ref> Rather, Paltridge states that humanity should trust in "luck", saying that the coming changes are "inherently unpredictable" and that "in 50 or a 100 years the forecasts of doom will have been tested and, with any luck, proved wrong". He goes on to make the familiar sceptic arguments of a "religion" amongst scientists, who all conform to the theory that warming will be disastrous because of "political correctness", that administrators of science research faculties "have little real knowledge of science, and are ... subject to the necessities of political correctness". He claims that "many of them have been appointed to their position precisely because of their 'feel' for the views and needs of the community rather than their 'feel' for science".<ref name="book" /> Paltridge also cites "the need to eat", the need to publish and get grants, a mistaken belief in "the need to preserve the world’s fossil fuels, or to a belief in the need for global government, or perhaps to a vision of forced transfer of resources from rich nations to the poor" as reason behind the consensus on global warming amongst the world's scientists. He also points to what he sees as a need amongst scientists to restore their "pride" by being associated with "an international program has high and popular moral purpose". The bottom line, Patridge states, is that "the money lies on that side of the fence".<ref name="book" />

In the last chapter, Paltridge claims that the "warmists" have hidden agendas. They either like the idea of ] because it would be "the first step towards global government", or they are socialists who want to "force a redistribution of wealth both within and between nations", or they are "powerbrokers" who see emissions trading as a path to the sort of power that used to be wielded the major religions, or they are politically correct and driven by "a need for public expression of their own virtue".<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.theaustralian.news.com.au/story/0,25197,26056202-7583,00.html |title=Global warming hotheads freeze out science's sceptics | The Australian |publisher=www.theaustralian.news.com.au |accessdate=2009-09-13 }}</ref>

===Reception and criticism===
The book was recommended by fellow global warming skeptic, ], in the book's foreword:
{{cquote2|Nevertheless, when the history of the bizarre intellectual aberration that is “global warming” comes to be written, once it is even clearer than it already is that the disasters, catastrophes, cataclysms and apocalypses that have been so luridly and so widely predicted have not and will not come to pass, Dr. Paltridge’s little book will be regarded as one of the few, rare, precious beacons of enlightenment that prevented humanity from wandering through carelessness, ignorance and absent-mindedness into a new Dark Age.|]|Foreword to ''The Climate Caper''|8px|8px}}

], co-founder and President of the ] ], the ], said this of the book:<ref name="evans">{{cite web |url=http://www.quotegator.com/2009/06/15/the-climate-caper-and-the-rat-scheme/ |title=The Climate Caper and the RAT Scheme |accessdate=2009-07-30 |publisher=quotegator.com |year=2009}}</ref>

{{cquote2|Having read the manuscript I can endorse this book without reservation. It is written by a scientist who was at the top of the scientific establishment in Australia, and who saw at first hand the intellectual corruption which went hand in hand with government funding of science "research". The book is written in a whimsical style, reminiscent of P G Wodehouse, and is difficult to put down.|Ray Evans|Communication to publisher|8px|8px}}

==Bibliography==
* ''The Climate Caper'', Garth Paltridge, Connor Court Publishing, Ballan, 2009 (ISBN 978-1-921421-25-9)


==References== ==References==
{{Reflist|2}} {{reflist|30em}}


==Selected publications==
==See also==
*Paltridge, G. W., , ''Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc.'', '''101''', 475–484, 1975.
*]
*Paltridge, G. W. and C. M. R. Platt, '''', ''Developments in Atmospheric Sciences'', vol. 5, Elsevier Scientific Publishing Company, Amsterdam, Oxford, New York, 1976, {{ISBN|0-444-41444-4}}.
*]
*Paltridge, G. W., , ''Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc.'', '''104''', 927–945, 1978.
*Paltridge, G. W., , ''Nature'', '''279''', 630–631, 1979.
*Paltridge, G. W., , ''Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc.'', '''107''', 531–547, 1981.
*Paltridge, G. W., , ''Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc.'', '''127''', 305–313, 2001.
*Paltridge, G. W., "", in A. Kleidon and R. D. Lorenz , ''Non-equilibrium Thermodynamics and the Production of Entropy: life, earth, and beyond'', Springer, 2005, 33–40, {{ISBN|3-540-22495-5}}.
*Paltridge, G. W., G. D. Farquhar, and M. Cuntz, , ''Geophys. Res. Lett.'', '''34''', L14708, 2007.
*Paltridge, G. W, A. Arking and M. Pook, , '']'', '''98''', 351–359, 2009.
*Paltridge, G. W., '''', Connor Court Publishing, Ballan, 2009, {{ISBN|978-1-921421-25-9}}.


==External links== ==External links==
*Garth Paltridge's home page,
*Garth Paltridge, Institute of Public Affairs, December 200, pages 16-17. (Pdf)
*Garth Paltridge, .
*Garth Paltridge, Online Opinion, June 21, 2001.
*Garth Paltridge, Letter to the editor, The Australian, May 30, 2008.
* YouTube
*


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{{global warming|state=expanded}}


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Latest revision as of 03:20, 6 December 2024

Australian atmospheric physicist

Garth William Paltridge
Born (1940-04-24) 24 April 1940 (age 84)
Brisbane, Queensland
NationalityAustralian
Alma materUniversity of Queensland
University of Melbourne
Known forMaximum entropy production (MEP) hypothesis
Scientific career
FieldsAtmospheric sciences
InstitutionsUniversity of Tasmania
Australian National University
ThesisAnalytical and experimental investigations of the electrical parameters of the stratosphere (1965)

Garth William Paltridge (born 24 April 1940, Brisbane, Queensland) is a retired Australian atmospheric physicist. He is a visiting fellow at the Australian National University and emeritus professor and honorary research fellow at the Institute of Antarctic and Southern Oceans Studies (IASOS), University of Tasmania.

Career

Paltridge obtained a BSc in 1961 from the University of Queensland, a PhD in 1965 from University of Melbourne and a DSc in 1976 from the University of Queensland. He worked as a postdoctoral fellow at the New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology in 1966, then as senior research scientist for the Radio and Space Research Station at Ditton Park, Buckinghamshire, England, from 1967–1968. In 1968 he took up a role as research scientist at the CSIRO, Australia, where he remained until 1981. During that time he worked briefly as a consultant to the World Meteorological Organization in 1975 in Geneva, Switzerland, where he was involved in the early development of the World Climate Program, and in 1979 he was posted as senior visiting scientist at the U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). He was elected as a fellow of the Australian Academy of Science in 1980. In 1981 he was seconded as director of the Environmental Executive of the Institute of Petroleum, and in 1982 he returned to the CSIRO as chief research scientist, where he remained until 1989. He briefly served as senior visiting scientist at the National Climate Program Office from 1989–1990. From 1990 to 2002 he was professor and director of the Institute of Antarctic and Southern Oceans Studies at the University of Tasmania and at the same time, from 1991–2002, he was the chief executive officer of the Antarctic Co-operative Research Centre at the University of Tasmania.

Paltridge was involved in studies on stratospheric electricity, the effect of the atmosphere on plant growth and the radiation properties of clouds. Paltridge researched topics such as the optimum design of plants and the economics of climate forecasting, and worked on atmospheric radiation and the theoretical basis of climate. Paltridge introduced the subsequently disputed hypothesis that the earth/atmosphere climate system adopts a format that maximises its rate of thermodynamic dissipation, i.e., entropy production. This suggests a governing constraint by a principle of maximum rate of entropy production. According to this principle, prediction of the broad-scale steady-state distribution of cloud, temperature and energy flows in the ocean and atmosphere may be possible when one has sufficient data about the system for that purpose, but does not have fully detailed data about every variable of the system. As co-author with C.M.R. Platt, in 1976 Paltridge published a textbook entitled Radiative Processes in Meteorology and Climatology.

Views on climate change

In August 2009 he published a book on the global warming debate, The Climate Caper. Paltridge agrees with the scientific consensus on climate change that anthropogenic global warming is real, but disagrees with mainstream scientific opinion in that he thinks that the warming will probably be too small to be a threat.

References

  1. ^ "Home - Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies". 4 September 2024.
  2. Australian National University. "Prof. Garth Paltridge". Archived from the original on 24 February 2011. Retrieved 16 February 2012.
  3. "World Meteorological Organization (WMO) - WCP".
  4. http://www.climate.noaa.gov/
  5. "ACE CRC | Antarctic Climate & Ecosystems Cooperative Research Centre". Archived from the original on 5 July 2009. Retrieved 29 July 2009.
  6. ^ University of Melbourne. "Paltridge, Garth William (1940 - )". Retrieved 29 July 2009.
  7. "About the author". Connor Court. July 2009. Archived from the original on 23 July 2009. Retrieved 29 July 2009.
  8. Paltridge, G. W. (1978). "The steady-state format of global climate". Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society. 104 (442): 927–945. Bibcode:1978QJRMS.104..927P. doi:10.1002/qj.49710444206.
  9. Paltridge, G.W., Platt, C.M.R. Platt (1976). Radiative Processes in Meteorology and Climatology, Elsevier Scientific Publishing Company, Amsterdam, ISBN 0-444-41444-4.
  10. "The over-blown science of global warming - On Line Opinion - 17/8/2009". onlineopinion.com.au. Retrieved 18 August 2009.

Selected publications

External links

Categories: