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{{Short description|Class of Iranian submarine}} |
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{{For|the submarine with tentative name IIS Nahang (SS 102)|USS Wahoo (SS-565)}} |
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{{Infobox Ship Class Overview |
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{{Infobox ship class overview |
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|Name= |
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|Name=''Nahang'' |
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|Class before=None |
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|Class before= |
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|Class after={{sclass|Ghadir|submarine|4}} |
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|In service range= March 2006 |
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|Total ships completed=1 |
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|Total ships completed=1 |
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|Total ships cancelled= |
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|Total ships cancelled=2 |
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|Total ships active=1 |
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|Total ships active=1 |
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{{Infobox Ship Characteristics |
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{{Infobox ship characteristics |
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|Ship class= |
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|Ship length=≈ {{convert|25|m|abbr=on}} |
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|Ship beam=≈ {{convert|3|m|abbr=on}} |
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|Ship displacement=350-400 tons <ref></ref> |
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|Ship draft=≈ {{convert|2.5|m|abbr=on}} |
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|Ship length=20 meters |
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|Ship beam=3 meters |
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|Ship draught=2.5 meters |
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|Ship propulsion=Diesel-electric propuslion |
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|Ship armament=2 torpedo tubes, missiles |
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The '''Nahang class''' ({{lang-fa|نهنگ}}) is an ]ian-made ]. |
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The '''''Nahang''''' ({{langx|fa|نهنگ|lit=Whale}}) is an ]ian-made class of ] designed for shallow water operations. Only one ] of this class is known to be completed, although its characteristics have remained unclear. |
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==History== |
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==History== |
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Iran had shown interest in midget submarines in the 1980s.<ref name="Conway's">{{citation|title=Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1947–1995|chapter=Iran|editor-first1=Robert|editor-last1=Gardiner|editor-first2=Stephen|editor-last2=Chumbley|editor-first3=Przemysaw|editor-last3=Budzbon|publisher=Conway Maritime Press|year=1996|isbn=978-1557501325|pages=185}}</ref> According to the ''Conway's All The World's Fighting Ships'', Iran assembled a midget in ] that was completed in 1987 in an unsuccessful attempt.<ref name="Conway's"/> Iran reportedly purchased a second midget of another design from ], delivered in 1988.<ref name="Conway's"/> It is alleged that by 1993, nine midget submarines –able to displace 76 tons surfaced and 90 tons submerged, with a top speed between {{convert|8|kn}} and {{convert|12|kn}}– were imported from North Korea.<ref name="Conway's"/> |
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Being one of Iran's largest defense expenditures, the Nahang submarine is Iran's second attempt at designing and manufacturing submarines. In service since March 2006, the Nahang 1 is fully compatible to conditions in the ]. It provides the navy with varied options for its use. Its design and construction involved 220 researchers and 1.2 million hours of scientific and industrial work. |
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Existence of ''Nahang'' was first known in April 2006.<ref name="J2015">{{citation|editor1-last= Saunders|editor1-first=Stephen|editor2-last=Philpott|editor2-first=Tom|chapter=Iran|title=IHS Jane's Fighting Ships 2015–2016|publisher =IHS Jane's|location=Coulsdon|date=2015|edition=116th Revised|series=]|page=382|isbn=9780710631435|oclc=919022075}}</ref> On 6 March 2006, Iranian state television announced that ''Nahang 1'' has been commissioned into the ].<ref>{{citation|title=New Iranian submarine joins naval fleet|work=BBC Monitoring Middle East|date=6 March 2006}}, {{ProQuest|458674805}}</ref> Later that year in late August, she participated in the third phase of Zarbat-e Zolfaghar wargame.<ref>{{citation|title=Naval stage of Iran's Zarbat-e Zolfaghar military exercises completed|work=BBC Monitoring Middle East|date=29 August 2006}}, {{ProQuest|458658135}}</ref> |
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After the Ghadir submarine, the Nahang submarine is Iran's second domestically-produced submarine. |
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Two other submarines in the class were allegedly planned, but building further units is considered unlikely.<ref name="J2015"/> |
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In April 2017, ] reported that for the first time in years, satellite imagery suggests ''Nahang'' had been deployed for a mission.<ref>{{citation|first=Chris|last=Biggers|title=Shahid Nazeri Deploys Near the Strait|url=https://www.bellingcat.com/news/2017/04/27/shahid-nazeri-deploys-near-strait/|date=27 April 2017|access-date=15 July 2020|work=Bellingcat}}</ref> |
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==Description== |
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==Description== |
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There is not much confidently known about characteristics of the class.<ref name="J2015"/> According to '']'', the class displaces {{convert|100|t|LT|lk=out}} when at the surface and {{convert|115|t|LT|lk=out}} while submerged.<ref name="J2015"/> Alternate estimates for surfaced and submerged displacement are {{convert|110|t|LT|lk=out}} and {{convert|127|t|LT|lk=out}} respectively<ref name="Cordesman">{{citation|first=Anthony|last=Cordesman|title=The Iranian Sea-Air-Missile Threat to Gulf Shipping|url=https://csis-website-prod.s3.amazonaws.com/s3fs-public/legacy_files/files/publication/150219_Cordesman_IranAirSeaMissileThreat_Web.pdf|isbn=978-1-4422-4077-3|date=2015|work=Center for Strategic and International Studies|page=98}}</ref> while the number given goes as high as {{convert|500|t|LT|lk=out}}.<ref>{{citation|title=Iran releases new military submarine and frigate into water|publisher=McClatchy - Tribune Business News|work=Trend News Agency|date=29 August 2006}}, {{ProQuest|1040836482}}</ref> |
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The Nahang 1 has a surface search radar and communications masts, which make it unsuitable for harbor infiltration, but well usable for reasonably clandestine mine-laying. It is said to be a sonar-evading stealth submarine. Iranian officials claim the Nahang is equipped with state-of-the-art electronic equipment and can fire missiles and torpedoes simultaneously, but no information was given on the range of these weapons.<ref>WTOP news 28 November 2007</ref> Nahang means "]" in ].<ref> </ref> |
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''Jane's'' mentions the approximate dimensions as {{convert|25|m|abbr=on}} for length, with a ] of {{convert|3|m|abbr=on}} and a ] of {{convert|2.5|m|abbr=on}}.<ref name="J2015"/> {{convert|8|kn}}<ref name="Cordesman"/> and {{convert|13|kn}}<ref name="Nadimi">{{citation|first=Farzin|last=Nadimi|title=Iran's Evolving Approach to Asymmetric Naval Warfare: Strategy and Capabilities in the Persian Gulf|url=https://www.washingtoninstitute.org/uploads/Documents/pubs/PolicyFocus164-Nadimi-v2.pdf|type=Policy Focus|number=164|date=April 2020|access-date=15 July 2020|at=Appendix B: IRIN’s Major Operational Naval Vessels, p. 57|work=The Washington Institute for Near East Policy|archive-date=4 May 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200504225030/https://www.washingtoninstitute.org/uploads/Documents/pubs/PolicyFocus164-Nadimi-v2.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> are top speeds reported for the submarine. ''Nahang'' is reportedly unarmed and not fitted with torpedoes,<ref name="J2015"/><ref name="ONI">{{citation|title=Iranian Naval Forces: A Tale of Two Navies|url=https://www.oni.navy.mil/Portals/12/Intel%20agencies/iran/Iran%20022217SP.pdf|publisher=Office of Naval Intelligence|date=February 2017|isbn=978-0160939686|page=31}}</ref> however there are contradicting reports suggesting it has a pair of 533mm ] in drop collars and can carry and lay four MDM-6 or EM-52 ]s.<ref name="Cordesman"/> ''Nahang'' may be utilized as a ] for ]s<ref name="J2015"/> and a platform for ]s.<ref name="ONI"/> |
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==References== |
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<references/> |
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The submarine has no ] on the report of ''Jane's'',<ref name="J2015"/> but another account suggests that she is equipped with active/passive sonar on her ].<ref name="Cordesman"/> The machinery installed for propulsion is unknown.<ref name="J2015"/> Other apparatus reportedly installed include a ] with ] capabilities (similar to Russian-made 'Stop Light' type) and ] and ] radar.<ref name="Cordesman"/> |
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==Resource== |
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==See also== |
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==See also== |
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{{Portal|Iran}} |
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==References== |
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{{reflist}} |
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==External links== |
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{{Submarines of Iran}} |
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{{Ship classes of the Iranian Navy}} |
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{{Weapons of Iran}} |
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Two other submarines in the class were allegedly planned, but building further units is considered unlikely.
There is not much confidently known about characteristics of the class. According to Jane's Fighting Ships, the class displaces 100 tonnes (98 long tons) when at the surface and 115 tonnes (113 long tons) while submerged. Alternate estimates for surfaced and submerged displacement are 110 tonnes (110 long tons) and 127 tonnes (125 long tons) respectively while the number given goes as high as 500 tonnes (490 long tons).
Ship classes of the Islamic Republic of Iran Navy