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{{short description|British educated economist|bot=PearBOT 5}}
'''Roger Bate''' is an economist who has held a variety of positions in ], ], and ] ] and ] promoting anti-regulatory, pro-business causes. His current work focuses on U.S. and international aid policy, performance of aid organizations, and health policy in developing countries, particularly with regard to ] control and the use of ].<ref name="NRNS"/> He also consulted for the ] industry, though the extent of this work is disputed.<ref>http://ltdlimages.library.ucsf.edu/imagesz/z/v/p/zvp83c00/Szvp83c00.pdf#search=%22roger%20malaria%20bate%22</ref><ref name=autogenerated1>Roger Bate, "," The Prospect Online, May 2008.</ref> He is currently a fellow of the ] and the ], and he on the board of directors of ]. He also written a number of articles questioning the science of ].
{{for|the US Air Force Academy professor|Roger R. Bate}}
{{EngvarB|date=August 2014}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2021}}
'''Roger Bate''' is a British educated economist who has held a variety of positions in ] oriented organizations. His work focuses on solving the problem of counterfeit and substandard medicines, particularly those in the developing world. He also works on US and international aid policy, performance of aid organisations, and health policy in developing countries, particularly with regard to ] control and the use of ].<ref name="NRNS">{{cite news|url=http://www.storiesthatmatter.org/20090602161/Natural-Resources-News-Service/bate-and-switch-how-a-free-market-magician-manipulated-two-decades-of-environmental-science.html|title=Bate and Switch: How a free-market magician manipulated two decades of environmental science|last=Sarvana|first=Adam|date=28 May 2009|publisher=Natural Resources New Service|accessdate=2 June 2009}}</ref> He consulted for the tobacco industry in the mid-'90s, though the extent of this work is disputed.<ref name=":0">{{cite web|url=https://www.industrydocumentslibrary.ucsf.edu/tobacco/docs/#id=grfn0073|title=Letter to Greenberg, DI; Phillip Morris|date=4 September 1998|publisher=University of California|id=Bates 2065246736/6737|author1=Bate, R|author2=Political Economy Research Center|work=Legacy Tobacco Documents Library}}</ref><ref name=autogenerated1>{{cite journal |author=Bate, Roger |title=DDT Works |journal=The Prospect Online |date=May 2008 |url=http://www.prospect-magazine.co.uk/article_details.php?id=10176}}</ref> He is currently a fellow of the ] and the ], and he was on the board of directors of ].


==Early life and education==
==Background==
Bate holds a Ph.D., economics from the ] and was previously educated at ] and ]. He began his career as a research analyst for ] and ] between 1986 and 1989. He later worked for a range of think tanks and lobby groups, including the ] and the ]. Though his work has focused on scientific issues surrounding tobacco control, malaria control, and counterfeit drugs, he lacks formal scientific credentials.<ref name="NRNS"/> Bate was a tennis coach from 1984 to 1986 and between 1986 and 1989 worked as a research analyst for ] and ].<ref name=aei> CV, 4pp, 2/2009, American Enterprise Institute Scholars, retrieved 11 July 2018</ref>
Bate attended ] and 1n 1992 graduated with a BA in economics, then ] graduating with a MSc in Environmental Resource management in 1993.<ref name=aei/> He studied economics at the ] and in 1994 obtained an MPhil in land economy.<ref name=aei/>


==Early career== ==Career==
Bate founded the Environmental Unit at the ], a conservative British think tank, in 1993. In 1994, he started the ] (ESEF), which has been described as "a clearinghouse for skeptical scientists and conservative opinion-molders … a go-to resource for anyone wishing to question the validity of proposed health and environmental regulations." <ref name="NRNS"/> While there is no solid evidence that ESEF was funded by the ], the ] concluded that it "likely" was a product of the industry, and the organization bore a strong resemblance to ], the ] front group run by ].<ref name="NRNS"/> In 1996, Roger Bate approached ] for a grant of £50,000 to fund a book on risk, containing a chapter on ], (i.e. "second hand smoke") but the grant request was denied and the money was never received. (The ], was nonetheless, "involved in" the publication of the book, according to internal industry documents.) That same year he wrote the article "Is Nothing Worse Than Tobacco?," for ], and later ESEF published ''What Risk? Science, Politics and Public Health'', edited by Bate, which included a chapter on passive smoking. After the publication of this chapter, according to Bate, he undertook a brief period consulting for the ] corporation He then approached ] seeking funding for the project on DDT and malaria, but received no reply. <ref name=autogenerated1 />


In 1993, Bate worked for the ], a British free market think tank, and founded the Environmental Unit. In 1994, he started the ] (ESEF).<ref name="NRNS"/>
⚫ ===Genetic engineering===
⚫ Bate is joint author, with ] of Fearing Food: Risk, Health and Environment. The ] website describes the book in the following way : "In the latest ] book, ''Fearing Food'', new agricultural and food technologies, including genetic engineering, are shown to be generally beneficial both to health and to the environment." (''Fearing Food'' was published by Butterworth-Heinemann in September 1999). He was also a presenter on the BBC2 program Organic Food: The Modern Myth.


'']'' magazine described Bate as having “midwived British climate denial”.<ref name="c610">{{cite web | title=The secret love affair between Roger Bate and Big Tobacco | website=The Ecologist | date=19 September 2018 | url=https://theecologist.org/2018/sep/19/secret-love-affair-between-roger-bate-and-big-tobacco | access-date=5 September 2024}}</ref><ref name="n551">{{cite web | title=Right-wing think tank accused of promoting tobacco and oil industry "propaganda" in schools | website=openDemocracy | date=28 November 2018 | url=https://www.opendemocracy.net/en/dark-money-investigations/right-wing-think-tank-accused-of-promoting-tobacco-oil-indu/ | access-date=5 September 2024}}</ref>
==DDT==


In 1996, Bate approached ] for a grant of £50,000 to fund a book on risk, containing a chapter on ], (i.e. "second hand smoke") but the grant request was denied.{{citation needed|date=July 2018}} According to internal industry documents the ] was nonetheless "involved in" the publication of the book.<ref> 15 September 1998, 1p, Truth Tobacco Industry library UCSF</ref> That same year he wrote the article "Is Nothing Worse Than Tobacco?" for '']'', and later ESEF published ''What Risk? Science, Politics and Public Health'', edited by Bate, which included a chapter on passive smoking. After the publication of this chapter, according to Bate, he undertook a brief period consulting for the ] corporation, working for £800 per day. He then approached Philip Morris seeking funding for a project on DDT and malaria, as well as on the ] against climate change and its possible implications for the development of a similar protocol for the tobacco industry. He noted that for <ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.industrydocumentslibrary.ucsf.edu/tobacco/docs/#id=sqfn0073|title=Letter to Matthew Winokur|last=Bate|first=Roger|date=28 September 1998}}</ref>{{primary inline|date=September 2024}}
Since the late 1990s, Bate has been best known for his advocacy of DDT. Bate is co-director of ], a group promoting the use of DDT to control malaria. According to investigative journalist Adam Sarvana, he has been central to promoting "the myth that environmentalists, by preventing the use of the pesticide DDT … to kill mosquitoes in developing countries, have heartlessly caused millions of malaria deaths worldwide."<ref name="NRNS"/> Critics argue that rather than being primarily concerned with saving lives, Bate's principle motivation for promoting DDT is to advance a ], anti-regulatory agenda while smearing the environmental movement.<ref name="NRNS">{{cite news|url=http://www.nrns.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=51:bate-and-switch-how-a-free-market-magician-manipulated-two-decades-of-environmental-science-|title=Bate and Switch: How a free-market magician manipulated two decades of environmental science|last=Sarvana|first=Adam|date=May 28, 2009|publisher=Natural Resources New Service|accessdate=2009-06-02}}</ref><ref> Aaron Swartz, ''Extra!'', September/October, 2007.</ref><ref>, John Quiggin, ''Prospect'', May 2008.</ref> For example, an article in the ]'s magazine quotes Bate as saying, "DDT may be today's target, but it's not going to be long before chemicals that the industry cares about are added to the ] and other chemicals regulations."<ref>, Kim Larsen, ''OnEarth'', Winter 2008.</ref>


⚫ ===Genetic engineering===
] wrote in ''Extra!'' that "a funding pitch uncovered by blogger Eli Rabbett shows Bate’s thinking when he first started the project. 'The environmental movement has been successful in most of its campaigns as it has been ‘politically correct,’' he explained (Tobacco Archives, 09/98). What the anti-environmental movement needs is something with 'the correct blend of political correctness ( . . . oppressed blacks) and arguments (eco-imperialism undermining their future).' That something, Bate proposed, was DDT."<ref name="extra">{{cite journal|last=Swartz|first=Aaron|date= September/ October 2007|title=Rachel Carson, Mass Murderer? The creation of an anti-environmental myth|journal=Extra!|volume= September/ October 2007|url=http://www.fair.org/index.php?page=3186}} The ] documents referred to in the quote are & </ref>
⚫ Bate is joint author, with ] of ''Fearing Food: Risk, Health and Environment'', published by ] in September 1999.{{cn|date=September 2024}} The ] website describes the book in the following way: "In the latest ] book, ''Fearing Food'', new agricultural and food technologies, including genetic engineering, are shown to be generally beneficial both to health and to the environment."{{cn|date=September 2024}} Bate was also a presenter on the ] programme ''Organic Food: The Modern Myth''.{{cn|date=September 2024}}


==Counterfeit drugs== ===Counterfeit drugs===
Bate's latest work focuses on the prevalence of counterfeit anti-malarials in Africa<ref></ref><ref></ref> and strategies by which rich and poor nations can work together to stop the trade of counterfeits. The American Enterprise Institute published his book in May 2008. In it he calls for stronger policing resources, harsher penalties for counterfeiters, widespread public education and consumer vigilance to deal with the proliferation of counterfeit drugs. Bate's work focuses on the prevalence of counterfeit anti-malarials and other pharmaceuticals in Africa<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Bate R, Coticelli P, Tren R, Attaran A |editor1-last=Awadalla |editor1-first=Philip |title=Antimalarial Drug Quality in the Most Severely Malarious Parts of Africa – A Six Country Study |journal=PLOS ONE|volume=3 |issue=5 |pages=e2132 |year=2008 |pmid=18461128 |pmc=2324203 |doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0002132 |bibcode=2008PLoSO...3.2132B |doi-access=free }} {{open access}}</ref><ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.economist.com/science/displaystory.cfm?story_id=11367863 | newspaper=The Economist | title=Resisting arrest | date=15 May 2008}}</ref> and strategies by which rich and poor nations can work together to stop the trade of counterfeits. His original research has been published by the National Bureau of Economic Research,<ref>{{cite journal|last=Bate|first=Roger|author2=Ginger Zhe Jin |author3=Aparna Mathur |title=In Whom We Trust: the Role of Certification Agencies in Online Drug Markets |journal= The B.E. Journal of Economic Analysis & Policy|volume=14 |issue=1 |pages=111–150 |doi=10.1515/bejeap-2013-0085 |year=2013|s2cid=152966119|url=http://www.nber.org/papers/w17955.pdf}}</ref> the Journal of Health Economics,<ref name="JHE 1526">{{cite journal|last=Bate|first=Roger|author2=Ginger Zhe Jin |author3=Aparna Mathur |title=Does price reveal poor-quality drugs? Evidence from 17 countries |journal=Journal of Health Economics|date=July 2011|volume=30|issue=6|pages=1150–1163|doi=10.1016/j.jhealeco.2011.08.006 |pmid=21917346|s2cid=14230303|url=http://www.nber.org/papers/w16854.pdf}}</ref> and PLoS Medicine.<ref>{{cite journal |author=Paul N. Newton, Abdinasir A. Amin, Chris Bird, Phillip Passmore, Graham Dukes, Go¨ran Tomson, Bright Simons, Roger Bate, Philippe J. Guerin, Nicholas J. White |title=The Primacy of Public Health Considerations in Defining Poor Quality Medicines |journal=PLOS Medicine |volume=8 |issue=12 |pages=e1001139 |year=2011 |doi=10.1371/journal.pmed.1001139|pmid=22162953 |pmc=3232210 |doi-access=free }} {{open access}}</ref> AEI Press will publish his book ''Phake: The Deadly World of Falsified and Substandard Medicines'' in May 2011. The book explores the underground trade in illegal medicines, provides a firsthand account of the illegal industry, and offers academic and policy analysis. Prior to ''Phake'', AEI Press published his book Making a Killing: The Deadly Implications of the Counterfeit Drug Trade in May 2008. In ''Making a Killing'', Bate calls for stronger policing resources, harsher penalties for counterfeiters, widespread public education and consumer vigilance to deal with the proliferation of counterfeit drugs.


Bate's work on counterfeit drugs has been criticised on the basis that it represents an attack on ] in the interests of the pharmaceutical companies that fund his work and that of the American Enterprise Institute.<ref name="urlEssentialdrugs.org">{{cite web |url=http://www.essentialdrugs.org/edrug/archive/200810/msg00057.php |title=Essentialdrugs.org |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref> Bate distinguishes between approved generic drugs and what he calls "pseudo-generics". These are drugs approved as generic versions of proprietary drugs by bodies such as the ] and the ], but which, according to Bate, have not been adequately tested for efficacy.<ref name="urlAEI - Bad Medicine in the Market">{{cite web |url=http://www.aei.org/outlook/26368 |title=AEI - Bad Medicine in the Market |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref> Bate distinguishes between approved generic drugs and what he calls "pseudo-generics." These are drugs approved as generic versions of proprietary drugs by bodies such as the ] and the ], but which, according to Bate, have not been adequately tested for efficacy.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.aei.org/outlook/26368 |title=AEI – Bad Medicine in the Market |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090629104058/http://www.aei.org/outlook/26368 |archivedate=29 June 2009 }}</ref>


==Funding== ==Funding==
Bate's work is currently funded by the ], which is affiliated with Legatum Capital.<ref name="NRNS"/><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.aei.org/scholar/76|title=AEI - Scholars - Roger Bate|publisher=American Enterprise Institute|accessdate=2009-07-05}}</ref> He has also received funding from ].<ref name="pmid19243589">{{cite journal |author=Bate R, Tren R, Hess K, Attaran A |title=Physical and chemical stability of expired fixed dose combination artemether-lumefantrine in uncontrolled tropical conditions |journal=] |volume=8 |issue= |pages=33 |year=2009 |pmid=19243589 |pmc=2649943 |doi=10.1186/1475-2875-8-33 |url=http://www.malariajournal.com/content/8/33}}</ref> Bate's work has been funded by the ], which is affiliated with Legatum Capital.<ref name="NRNS"/><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.aei.org/scholar/76|title=AEI – Scholars – Roger Bate|publisher=American Enterprise Institute|accessdate=5 July 2009}}</ref> He has also received funding from ].<ref name="pmid19243589">{{cite journal |vauthors=Bate R, Tren R, Hess K, Attaran A |title=Physical and chemical stability of expired fixed dose combination artemether-lumefantrine in uncontrolled tropical conditions |journal=Malar. J. |volume=8 |issue= 1|pages=33 |year=2009 |pmid=19243589 |pmc=2649943 |doi=10.1186/1475-2875-8-33 |doi-access=free }}</ref>


==Positions held== ==Positions held==
* ], Resident Fellow * ], Resident Fellow
* ], Co-director * ], co-director<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.fightingmalaria.org/mission.html |title=Mission }}</ref>
* ], Director of Environmental Unit, 1993-2000; fellow, 2000- * ], Director of Environmental Unit, 1993–2000; fellow, 2000–
* ] (ESEF), Founder and Executive Director, 1995-2001 * ] (ESEF), founder and executive director, 1995–2001
* ], Director, 2001-2003, Fellow 2003 * ], director, 2001–2003, Fellow 2003
* ], "Member" * ], "Member"
* ], Adjunct Fellow * ], Adjunct Fellow
* ], Advisory Board * ], Advisory Board
* (stockbrokers), Research Analyst, 1986-1989 * (stockbrokers), Research Analyst, 1986–1989
* Presenter of the
* Political Economy Research Center, Visiting Scholar * Political Economy Research Center, Visiting Scholar


==References== ==References==
{{Reflist}} {{Reflist}}

*{{SourceWatch text}}
==Further reading==
* {{cite web | last=Montague | first=Brendan | title=How Two Young Students Took the Climate Denial Bate | website=DeSmog | date=7 January 2015 | url=https://www.desmog.com/2015/01/07/how-two-students-took-climate-denial-bate/ | access-date=5 September 2024}}
* {{cite web | last=Montague | first=Brendan | title=The secret love affair between Roger Bate and Big Tobacco | website=The Ecologist | date=19 September 2018 | url=https://theecologist.org/2018/sep/19/secret-love-affair-between-roger-bate-and-big-tobacco | ref={{sfnref | The Ecologist | 2018}} | access-date=5 September 2024}}


==External links== ==External links==
* *
* {{C-SPAN|1015219}}
{{Authority control}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Bate, Roger}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Bate, Roger}}
] ]
] ]
]<!-- No explicit source, but association with think tanks suffices -->
] ]
] ]
] ]
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]

Latest revision as of 09:29, 17 October 2024

British educated economist For the US Air Force Academy professor, see Roger R. Bate.

Roger Bate is a British educated economist who has held a variety of positions in free market oriented organizations. His work focuses on solving the problem of counterfeit and substandard medicines, particularly those in the developing world. He also works on US and international aid policy, performance of aid organisations, and health policy in developing countries, particularly with regard to malaria control and the use of DDT. He consulted for the tobacco industry in the mid-'90s, though the extent of this work is disputed. He is currently a fellow of the American Enterprise Institute and the Institute of Economic Affairs, and he was on the board of directors of Africa Fighting Malaria.

Early life and education

Bate was a tennis coach from 1984 to 1986 and between 1986 and 1989 worked as a research analyst for Warburg Securities and Charles Stanley Stockbrokers. Bate attended Thames Valley University and 1n 1992 graduated with a BA in economics, then University College, London graduating with a MSc in Environmental Resource management in 1993. He studied economics at the University of Cambridge and in 1994 obtained an MPhil in land economy.

Career

In 1993, Bate worked for the Institute of Economic Affairs, a British free market think tank, and founded the Environmental Unit. In 1994, he started the European Science and Environment Forum (ESEF).

The Ecologist magazine described Bate as having “midwived British climate denial”.

In 1996, Bate approached R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company for a grant of £50,000 to fund a book on risk, containing a chapter on passive smoking, (i.e. "second hand smoke") but the grant request was denied. According to internal industry documents the Tobacco Institute was nonetheless "involved in" the publication of the book. That same year he wrote the article "Is Nothing Worse Than Tobacco?" for The Wall Street Journal, and later ESEF published What Risk? Science, Politics and Public Health, edited by Bate, which included a chapter on passive smoking. After the publication of this chapter, according to Bate, he undertook a brief period consulting for the Philip Morris corporation, working for £800 per day. He then approached Philip Morris seeking funding for a project on DDT and malaria, as well as on the Montreal Protocol against climate change and its possible implications for the development of a similar protocol for the tobacco industry. He noted that for

Genetic engineering

Bate is joint author, with Julian Morris of Fearing Food: Risk, Health and Environment, published by Butterworth-Heinemann in September 1999. The IEA website describes the book in the following way: "In the latest ESEF book, Fearing Food, new agricultural and food technologies, including genetic engineering, are shown to be generally beneficial both to health and to the environment." Bate was also a presenter on the BBC2 programme Organic Food: The Modern Myth.

Counterfeit drugs

Bate's work focuses on the prevalence of counterfeit anti-malarials and other pharmaceuticals in Africa and strategies by which rich and poor nations can work together to stop the trade of counterfeits. His original research has been published by the National Bureau of Economic Research, the Journal of Health Economics, and PLoS Medicine. AEI Press will publish his book Phake: The Deadly World of Falsified and Substandard Medicines in May 2011. The book explores the underground trade in illegal medicines, provides a firsthand account of the illegal industry, and offers academic and policy analysis. Prior to Phake, AEI Press published his book Making a Killing: The Deadly Implications of the Counterfeit Drug Trade in May 2008. In Making a Killing, Bate calls for stronger policing resources, harsher penalties for counterfeiters, widespread public education and consumer vigilance to deal with the proliferation of counterfeit drugs.

Bate distinguishes between approved generic drugs and what he calls "pseudo-generics." These are drugs approved as generic versions of proprietary drugs by bodies such as the World Health Organization and the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, but which, according to Bate, have not been adequately tested for efficacy.

Funding

Bate's work has been funded by the Legatum Institute, which is affiliated with Legatum Capital. He has also received funding from Novartis.

Positions held

References

  1. ^ Sarvana, Adam (28 May 2009). "Bate and Switch: How a free-market magician manipulated two decades of environmental science". Natural Resources New Service. Retrieved 2 June 2009.
  2. ^ Bate, R; Political Economy Research Center (4 September 1998). "Letter to Greenberg, DI; Phillip Morris". Legacy Tobacco Documents Library. University of California. Bates 2065246736/6737.
  3. Bate, Roger (May 2008). "DDT Works". The Prospect Online.
  4. ^ Roger Bate CV, 4pp, 2/2009, American Enterprise Institute Scholars, retrieved 11 July 2018
  5. "The secret love affair between Roger Bate and Big Tobacco". The Ecologist. 19 September 2018. Retrieved 5 September 2024.
  6. "Right-wing think tank accused of promoting tobacco and oil industry "propaganda" in schools". openDemocracy. 28 November 2018. Retrieved 5 September 2024.
  7. Email from Adam Bryan Brown 15 September 1998, 1p, Truth Tobacco Industry library UCSF
  8. Bate, Roger (28 September 1998). "Letter to Matthew Winokur".
  9. Bate R, Coticelli P, Tren R, Attaran A (2008). Awadalla P (ed.). "Antimalarial Drug Quality in the Most Severely Malarious Parts of Africa – A Six Country Study". PLOS ONE. 3 (5): e2132. Bibcode:2008PLoSO...3.2132B. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0002132. PMC 2324203. PMID 18461128. Open access icon
  10. "Resisting arrest". The Economist. 15 May 2008.
  11. Bate, Roger; Ginger Zhe Jin; Aparna Mathur (2013). "In Whom We Trust: the Role of Certification Agencies in Online Drug Markets" (PDF). The B.E. Journal of Economic Analysis & Policy. 14 (1): 111–150. doi:10.1515/bejeap-2013-0085. S2CID 152966119.
  12. Bate, Roger; Ginger Zhe Jin; Aparna Mathur (July 2011). "Does price reveal poor-quality drugs? Evidence from 17 countries" (PDF). Journal of Health Economics. 30 (6): 1150–1163. doi:10.1016/j.jhealeco.2011.08.006. PMID 21917346. S2CID 14230303.
  13. Paul N. Newton, Abdinasir A. Amin, Chris Bird, Phillip Passmore, Graham Dukes, Go¨ran Tomson, Bright Simons, Roger Bate, Philippe J. Guerin, Nicholas J. White (2011). "The Primacy of Public Health Considerations in Defining Poor Quality Medicines". PLOS Medicine. 8 (12): e1001139. doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1001139. PMC 3232210. PMID 22162953.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) Open access icon
  14. "AEI – Bad Medicine in the Market". Archived from the original on 29 June 2009.
  15. "AEI – Scholars – Roger Bate". American Enterprise Institute. Retrieved 5 July 2009.
  16. Bate R, Tren R, Hess K, Attaran A (2009). "Physical and chemical stability of expired fixed dose combination artemether-lumefantrine in uncontrolled tropical conditions". Malar. J. 8 (1): 33. doi:10.1186/1475-2875-8-33. PMC 2649943. PMID 19243589.
  17. "Mission".

Further reading

External links

Categories: