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{{Short description|American Neopagan leader and author (1949–2012)}}
{{citation style|date=December 2009}}
{{Infobox person
{{copyedit|date=December 2009}}
| name=Isaac Bonewits
{{expert-subject|Neopaganism|date=December 2009}}
| image=Isaac Bonewits 2004.png
{{Infobox Person
| name=Phillip Emmons Isaac Bonewits | caption=Isaac Bonewits in 2004
| birth_name= Phillip Emmons Isaac Bonewits
| image=
| birth_date= {{birth date|1949|10|1}}
| image_size=
| birth_place= ]
| caption=Photo of the druid Isaac Bonewits
| birth_date={{birth date and age|1949|10|1}} | death_date= {{Death date and age|2010|08|12|1949|10|1}}
| death_place= ]
| birth_place=
| occupation=Public speaker, liturgist, songwriter
| death_date=
| education= ] <small>(], ])</small>
| death_place=
| spouse= Phaedra Bonewits (m. 2007)
| occupation=
| children= 1
| main interests=
| website=http://www.neopagan.net
| spouse= Phaedra Bonewits<br>(since 2007)
| salary=
| website=
}} }}


'''Phillip Emmons Isaac Bonewits''' (October 1, 1949 &ndash; August 12, 2010<ref name=WVObit>{{cite web|url=http://www.witchvox.com/wren/wn_detail.html?id=22549|title=Isaac Bonewits (1949 - 2010) : A Tribute|access-date=January 19, 2012|first=Peg|last=Aloi|work=Witchvox|date=August 12, 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120229032753/http://www.witchvox.com/wren/wn_detail.html?id=22549|archive-date=February 29, 2012|url-status=dead}}</ref>) was an American ] who published a number of books on the subject of ] and ]. Bonewits was a public speaker, liturgist, singer and songwriter, and founder of the Neopagan organizations ] (ADF) and the Aquarian Anti-Defamation League.
'''Phillip Emmons Isaac Bonewits''' (born October 1, 1949) is an influential ] leader and ]. He is a ], speaker, journalist, ] priest, and a singer, songwriter, and independent recording artist. Born in ], Bonewits has been heavily involved in ] since the 1960s.


==Early life and education==
==Life==
Bonewits was born on October 1, 1949, in ], as the fourth of five children. His father was a Presbyterian while his mother a Catholic.<ref name="Carlson 2010">{{cite web | last=Carlson | first=Jess | title=Isaac Bonewits Enters the Summerland | website=Jess Carlson | date=2010-08-12 | url=https://jesscarlson.com/isaac-bonewits-enters-the-summerland/ | access-date=2022-11-11}}</ref><ref name=Guiley>{{cite book |last=Guiley |first=Rosemary Ellen |author-link=Rosemary Ellen Guiley |title=The Encyclopedia of Witches, Witchcraft & Wicca |edition=Third |publisher=] |isbn=9781438126845|year=2008 |page=34|quote=He also was the last to do so in the United States. College administrators were so embarrassed over the publicity about the degree that magic, witchcraft, and sorcery were banned from the individual group study program.}}</ref> Spending much of his childhood in ], he was moved at age 12 to ], where he spent a short time in a Catholic high school before he went back to public school to graduate from high school a year early. He enrolled at ] in 1966 and graduated in 1970 with a ] in magic,<ref>{{Cite news| title=Berkeley Student Will Graduate With Bachelor of Arts in Magic |newspaper =] |issn=0362-4331 |date=1 June 1970 |page=24| quote=Among June graduates at the University of California is Isaac Bonewits, who will receive a bachelor of arts in magic.}}</ref> perhaps becoming the first<ref name=WVObit/> and only person known to have ever received any kind of ] in ] from an accredited university.
In 1966 while enrolled at ], Bonewits joined the ] or RDNA. Bonewits was ordained as a ] ] in 1969. During this period Bonewits was recruited by the ],<ref name="MSA"></ref> but left due to political and philosophical conflicts with ]. During his stint in the Church of Satan, Bonewits appeared in the 1970 documentary '']''.<ref name="imdb"> at the ]</ref> Bonewits, in his article "My Satanic Adventure", asserts the rituals in ''Satanis'' were staged for the movie at the behest of the filmmakers and were not authentic ceremonies.<ref>http://www.neopagan.net/SatanicAdventure.html My Satanic Adventure</ref>


==Career==
Bonewits graduated from ] in 1970 with a ], becoming the first and only person to have ever received any kind of ] in ] from an accredited university<ref name="A Brief Biography of Isaac Bonewits"></ref>. His first book, ''Real Magic'', was published in 1971. Between 1973 and 1975 Bonewits was employed as editor of ''Gnostica'' magazine in Minnesota (published by ]), established an offshoot group of the RDNA called the Schismatic Druids of North America, and helped create a group called the Hasidic Druids of North America (despite his life-long status as a "]"). He also founded the short-lived Aquarian Anti-Defamation League (AADL), an early Pagan civil-rights group.
===Early years===
]
In 1966, while enrolled at ], Bonewits joined the ] (RDNA). Bonewits was ordained as a ] ] in 1969. During this period, the 18-year-old Bonewits was also recruited by the ],<ref name=Guiley/> but left due to political and philosophical conflicts with ]. During his stint in the Church of Satan, Bonewits appeared in some scenes of the 1970 documentary '']''.<ref name="imdb">{{cite web|url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0063550/|work=Internet Movie Database|title=Satanis|access-date=Jan 19, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120227101754/http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0063550/|archive-date=February 27, 2012|url-status=live}}</ref> Bonewits, in his article "My Satanic Adventure", asserts that the rituals in ''Satanis'' were staged for the movie at the behest of the filmmakers and were not authentic ceremonies.<ref>{{cite web|last=Bonewits|first=Isaac|url=http://www.neopagan.net/SatanicAdventure.html|title=My Satanic Adventure|access-date=Jan 19, 2012|year=2005|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120111053132/http://www.neopagan.net/SatanicAdventure.html|archive-date=January 11, 2012|url-status=live}}</ref>


===1970s: author and editor===
In 1976 Bonewits moved back to Berkeley and rejoined his original grove there, now part of the New Reformed Druids of North America (NRDNA). He was later elected ArchDruid of the Berkeley Grove.
His first book, ''Real Magic'', was published in 1971. Between 1973 and 1975 Bonewits was employed as the editor of ''Gnostica'' magazine in Minnesota (published by ]). He established an offshoot group of the ] (RDNA) called the Schismatic Druids of North America, and helped create a group called the Hasidic Druids of North America (despite, in his words, his "lifelong status as a ]"). He also founded the short-lived Aquarian Anti-Defamation League (AADL), an early Pagan civil rights group.<ref name="Guiley" />


In 1976, Bonewits moved back to Berkeley and rejoined his original grove there, now part of the New Reformed Druids of North America (NRDNA). He was later elected Archdruid of the Berkeley Grove.<ref name="Guiley" />
In 1983 Bonewits founded ] (also known as "A Druid Fellowship" or ADF), which was incorporated in 1990 in the state of ] as a U.S. 501(c)3 non-profit organization. He made the organization's first public announcement in 1984, and began the membership sign-up at the first ] in 1984. Over the years Bonewits has also had varying degrees of involvement with ], ], the ] (a ] organization not to be confused with the ]) as well as others.<ref name="A Brief Biography of Isaac Bonewits"/><!-- This ref needs to be carefully vetted. It is hosted on Bonewits' own website and while the original Guiley text is WP:V, it is interspersed with Bonewits' own personal additions in brackets and doesn't support all of this info.--> Bonewits is a regular presenter at Neopagan festivals in the US.


===1980s: founding of Ár nDraíocht Féin===
Bonewits served as Archdruid of ADF until 1996, when he resigned due to the onset of symptoms of ]. He retains the lifelong title of ADF Archdruid Emeritus.
Throughout his life Bonewits had varying degrees of involvement with occult groups including ] and the ] (a ]n organization not to be confused with the ]).<ref name="A Brief Biography of Isaac Bonewits">{{cite web|url=http://www.neopagan.net/IB_Bio.html|title=Isaac Bonewits' Biography|first=Isaac|last=Bonewits|website=www.neopagan.net|access-date=2008-01-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080131214106/http://www.neopagan.net/IB_Bio.html|archive-date=2008-01-31|url-status=live}}</ref><!-- This ref needs to be carefully vetted. It is hosted on Bonewits' own website and while the original Guiley text is WP:V, it is interspersed with Bonewits' own personal additions in brackets and doesn't support all of this info.--> Bonewits was a regular presenter at Neopagan conferences and festivals all over the US, as well as attending gaming conventions in the Bay Area. He promoted his book '']'' to gamers as a way of organizing '']'' games.


In 1983, Bonewits founded ] (also known as "A Druid Fellowship" or ADF), which was incorporated in 1990 in the state of ] as a U.S. 501(c)3 non-profit organization.<ref name="Guiley" /> Although illness curtailed many of his activities and travels for a time, he remained Archdruid of ADF until 1996. In that year, he resigned from the position of Archdruid but retained the lifelong title of ADF Archdruid Emeritus.
A songwriter, singer and recording artist, he has produced two CDs of Pagan music and numerous recorded lectures and panel discussions, produced and distributed by the ]. He lives in ], and is a member of the ] (CUUPS). On July 23, 2004 he was married in a ] ceremony to a former vice-president of the organization, Phaedra Heyman Bonewits, and has a son from a previous marriage to author ], Arthur Shaffrey Lipp-Bonewits. At the time of the handfasting, the marriage was not yet legal because he had not yet been legally divorced from Ms. Lipp, although they had been separated for several years by that point. Paperwork and legalities caught up on December 31, 2007 making them legally married.<ref name="marrige"></ref>


===Musician and activist===
Bonewits is currently encouraging charity programs to help Neopagan seniors,<ref name="fn_1"></ref> and in January 2006 was the key note speaker at the Conference On Current Pagan Studies at the ] in ].{{Citation needed|date=January 2008}}
A songwriter, singer, and recording artist, he produced two CDs of pagan music and numerous recorded lectures and panel discussions, produced and distributed by the ]. He lived in ], and was a member of the ] (CUUPS).

Bonewits encouraged charity programs to help Neopagan seniors,<ref name="fn_1">{{cite web|last=Bonewits|first=Isaac|url=http://www.neopagan.net/Adopt-an-Elder.html|title=Adopt an Elder|access-date=January 19, 2012|year=2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120205061956/http://www.neopagan.net/Adopt-an-Elder.html|archive-date=February 5, 2012|url-status=live}}</ref> and in January 2006 was the keynote speaker at the Conference On Current Pagan Studies at the ] in ].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://paganconference.com/past-keynote-speakers/|title=Conference on Current Pagan Studies|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161203012536/http://paganconference.com/past-keynote-speakers/|archive-date=2016-12-03|url-status=dead}}</ref>

==Personal life==
Bonewits was married five times. He was married to Rusty Elliot from 1973 to 1976. His second wife was Selene Kumin Vega, followed by marriage to ] (1980 to 1985). His fourth wife was author ], from 1988 to 1998. On July 23, 2004, he was married in a ] ceremony to a former vice-president of the Covenant of Unitarian Universalist Pagans, Phaedra Heyman Bonewits. At the time of the handfasting, the marriage was not yet legal because he had not yet been legally divorced from Lipp, although they had been separated for several years. Paperwork and legalities caught up on December 31, 2007, making them legally married.<ref name=Guiley/><ref name="marrige">{{cite web|url=http://neopagan.net/blog/?p=179|title=Neopagan.Net 2007 Year-End Report and 2008 Donation Campaign - Views from the Cyberhenge|website=neopagan.net|access-date=2008-01-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080107002923/http://neopagan.net/blog/?p=179|archive-date=2008-01-07|url-status=live}}</ref>

Bonewits' only child was born to Deborah Lipp in 1990.<ref name=Guiley/>

==Illness and death==
In 1990, Bonewits was diagnosed with ]. The illness was a factor in his eventual resignation from the position of Archdruid of the ].

On October 25, 2009, Bonewits was diagnosed with a rare form of ],<ref name=":0"> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160910072720/http://wildhunt.org/2009/10/isaac-bonewits-diagnosed-with-cancer.html |date=2016-09-10 }}, Jason Pitzl-Waters, ''The Wild Hunt''</ref> for which he underwent treatment. He died at home, on August 12, 2010, surrounded by his family.<ref name=WVObit/>

==Accusations of sexual assault==
In 2018, accusations of sexual abuse against a minor rose against ADF founder Bonewits relating to his relationship with Moira Greyland when she was six years old.<ref name="wildhunt.org">{{Cite web|url=https://wildhunt.org/2018/01/accusations-of-abuse-surface-against-adf-founder-isaac-bonewits.html|title=Accusations of abuse surface against ADF founder Isaac Bonewits - News, Paganism, U.S.|first=Heather|last=Greene|date=January 10, 2018|website=The Wild Hunt}}</ref> Greyland said in her book, 'The Last Closet: the Dark Side of Avalon':

"Some people called him the Pagan pope I hated Isaac, and refused to be in the same room with him, even if the only way I could articulate my objections to him was to say ‘he tickled me.'"<ref name="wildhunt.org"/>

In light of this accusation, ADF, the lead pagan organization that Issac Bonewits founded, removed his name from their website and repudiated him.

"To preserve the health of our organization, we must cut out the blight that is Isaac Bonewits’ legacy. We sever the ties both historical and spiritual that bind us to him. For his actions against children, Isaac Bonewits will no longer be named as a beloved ancestor of ADF, nor is he welcome at our sacred fire.

May his memory and his dark actions fade with the rising of the sun."<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://wildhunt.org/2019/11/adf-repudiates-founder-isaac-bonewits.html|title=ADF repudiates founder Isaac Bonewits - News, Paganism, The Wild Hunt, U.S., World|first=The Wild|last=Hunt|date=November 8, 2019|website=The Wild Hunt}}</ref>


==Contributions to Neopaganism== ==Contributions to Neopaganism==
In his book ''Laws of Magic''(1971), Bonewits proposed his ] on the '''Laws of ]''', which where then elaborated in his '']''. These "laws" are synthesized from a multitude of ]s from around the world, and were collected in order to explain and categorize magical beliefs within a cohesive framework. Many interrelationships of these areas exist, and some are ]s of others. In his book ''Real Magic'' (1971), Bonewits proposed his "Laws of Magic". These "laws" are synthesized from a multitude of ]s from around the world to explain and categorize magical beliefs within a cohesive framework. Many interrelationships exist, and some belief systems are ]s of others. This work was chosen by ] in the 1970s to be part of his publishing project ''Library of the Occult''.


Bonewits has also coined much of the modern terminology used to define and articulate many of the conceptual themes and issues which affect the North American Neopagan community. Bonewits also coined much of the modern terminology used to articulate the themes and issues that affect the North American Neopagan community.
* Pioneered the modern usage of the terms '']'', "]", "]", and numerous other ]s. * Pioneered the modern usage of the terms "]", "]", "]", and numerous other ]s.
* Possibly coined the term "]", though the communities in question would later diverge from his initial meaning.<ref name="recon">{{cite book | first =Isaac | last =Bonewits | authorlink = | coauthors = | year =2006 | month = | title =Bonewits's Essential Guide to Druidism | chapter = | editor = | others = | edition = | pages =131 | publisher =Kensington/Citadel | location =New York| isbn =0-8065-2710-2 }} Author is unsure whether he "got this use of the term from one or more of the other culturally focused Neopagan movements of the time, or if just applied it in a novel fashion."</ref><ref name="McColman">McColman (2003) p.51: "Such reconstructionists are attempting, through both spiritual and scholarly means, to create as purely Celtic a spirituality as possible."</ref> * Possibly coined the term "]", though the communities in question would later diverge from his initial meaning.<ref name="recon">{{cite book | first =Isaac | last =Bonewits | year =2006 | title =Bonewits's Essential Guide to Druidism | pages =131 | publisher =Kensington/Citadel | location =New York| isbn =0-8065-2710-2 }} Author is unsure whether he "got this use of the term from one or more of the other culturally focused Neopagan movements of the time, or if just applied it in a novel fashion".</ref><ref name="McColman">McColman (2003) p.51: "Such reconstructionists are attempting, through both spiritual and scholarly means, to create as purely Celtic a spirituality as possible."</ref>
* Founded ], which was incorporated in 1990 in the state of Delaware as a U.S. 501(c)3 non-profit organization. * Founded ], which was incorporated in 1990 in the state of Delaware as a U.S. 501(c)3 non-profit organization.
* Developed the ] or ABCDEF * Developed the ''Advanced Bonewits Cult Danger Evaluation Frame'' (ABCDEF).
* Coined the phrase "Never Again the Burning."<ref name="natb"></ref> * Coined the phrase "Never Again the Burning".<ref name="natb">{{cite web|url=http://www.neopagan.net/AquarianManifesto.html|title=The Aquarian Manifesto with Historical Notes|first=Isaac|last=Bonewits|website=www.neopagan.net|access-date=2007-06-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070418175456/http://www.neopagan.net/AquarianManifesto.html|archive-date=2007-04-18|url-status=live}}</ref>
* Critiqued the Burning Times / Old Religion Murray thesis (in ''Bonewits's Essential Guide to Witchcraft and Wicca'') * Critiqued the ] (in ''Bonewits's Essential Guide to Witchcraft and Wicca'').
* In his book ''Real Magic'' (1971), Bonewits proposed his hypothesis on the Laws of Magic, which were then elaborated in his RPG supplement ''Authentic Thaumaturgy''. The book makes it clear it is an adaptation of the ideas from Real Magic to gaming with the Laws presented being abbreviated from those in ''Real Magic''.<ref>Bonewits, Isaac (2005). ''Authentic Thaumaturgy''. Steve Jackson Games. p. 58</ref>


==Bibliography== == Bibliography ==
* ''Real Magic: An Introductory Treatise on the Basic Principles of Yellow Magic''. (1972, 1979, 1989) Weiser Books ISBN 0-87728-688-4 *''Real Magic: An Introductory Treatise on the Basic Principles of Yellow Magic''. (1972, 1979, 1989) Weiser Books {{ISBN|0-87728-688-4}}
*''The Druid Chronicles (Evolved)''. (1976 Drunemeton Press, 2005 Drynemetum Press) (With Selene Kumin Vega, Rusty Elliot, and Arlynde d'Loughlan)
* '']''. (1978, 1998) Steve Jackson Games ISBN 1-55634-360-4
*'']''. (With others) (1978 Chaosium, 1998 Steve Jackson Games) {{ISBN|1-55634-360-4}}
* ''Rites of Worship: A Neopagan Approach''. (2003) Earth Religions Press ISBN 1-59405-501-7 OP
* ''Witchcraft: A Concise Guide or Which Witch Is Which?''. (2003) Earth Religions Press ISBN 1-59405-500-9 *''Rites of Worship: A Neopagan Approach''. (2003) Earth Religions Press {{ISBN|1-59405-501-7}} OP
*''Witchcraft: A Concise Guide or Which Witch Is Which?''. (2003) Earth Religions Press {{ISBN|1-59405-500-9}}
* ''The Pagan Man: Priests, Warriors, Hunters, and Drummers''. (2005) Citadel ISBN 0-8065-2697-1, ISBN 978-0806526973
* ''Bonewits's Essential Guide to Witchcraft and Wicca''. (2006) Citadel ISBN 0-8065-2711-0, ISBN 978-0806527116 *''The Pagan Man: Priests, Warriors, Hunters, and Drummers''. (2005) Citadel {{ISBN|0-8065-2697-1}}, {{ISBN|978-0-8065-2697-3}}
* ''Bonewits's Essential Guide to Druidism''. (2006) Citadel ISBN 0-8065-2710-2, ISBN 978-0806527109 *''Bonewits's Essential Guide to Witchcraft and Wicca''. (2006) Citadel {{ISBN|0-8065-2711-0}}, {{ISBN|978-0-8065-2711-6}}
*''Bonewits's Essential Guide to Druidism''. (2006) Citadel {{ISBN|0-8065-2710-2}}, {{ISBN|978-0-8065-2710-9}}
* ''Real Energy: Systems, Spirits, And Substances to Heal, Change, And Grow''. (2007) New Leaf ISBN 1564149048, ISBN 978-1564149046. Co-authored with Phaedra Bonewits.
*''Real Energy: Systems, Spirits, And Substances to Heal, Change, And Grow''. (2007) New Leaf {{ISBN|1-56414-904-8}}, {{ISBN|978-1-56414-904-6}}. Co-authored with Phaedra Bonewits.
* ''Neopagan Rites: A Guide to Creating Public Rituals that Work''. (2007) Llewellyn ISBN 0738711993, ISBN 978-0738711997
*''Neopagan Rites: A Guide to Creating Public Rituals that Work''. (2007) Llewellyn {{ISBN|0-7387-1199-3}}, {{ISBN|978-0-7387-1199-7}}
*


==Discography== ==Discography==
===Music=== ===Music===
* ''Be Pagan Once Again!'' - Isaac Bonewits & Friends (including ], Victoria Ganger, and Todd Alan) (CD) (]/]) * ''Be Pagan Once Again!'' &ndash; Isaac Bonewits & Friends (including Ian Corrigan, Victoria Ganger, and Todd Alan) (CD) (]/])
* ''Avalon is Rising!'' - Real Magic (CD)(ACE/ADF) * ''Avalon is Rising!'' &ndash; Real Magic (CD)(ACE/ADF)


===Spoken word=== ===Spoken word===
Line 75: Line 105:
* ''The Magickal Movement: Present & Future'' (with ], ], and ]) (ACE) * ''The Magickal Movement: Present & Future'' (with ], ], and ]) (ACE)
* ''Magick Changing the World, the World Changing Magick'' (with AmyLee, ], Jeff Rosenbaum and ]) (ACE) * ''Magick Changing the World, the World Changing Magick'' (with AmyLee, ], Jeff Rosenbaum and ]) (ACE)

==See also==
* ]
* ]
* ]
* ]
* ]
* ]


==References== ==References==
{{Reflist}}
* Berger, Helen A. (2005) ''Witchcraft and Magic: Contemporary North America''. University of Pennsylvania Press ISBN 081223877X, ISBN 978-0812238778

* Berger, Helen A. (1998) ''A Community of Witches: Contemporary Neo-Paganism and Witchcraft in the United States''. University of South Carolina Press ISBN 1570032467, ISBN 978-1570032462
==Further reading==
* Berger, Helen A. & Helen H. & Evan A. Leach, Leigh S. Shaffer (2003) ''Voices from the Pagan Census: A National Survey of Witches and Neo-Pagans in the United States''. University of South Carolina Press ISBN 1570034885, ISBN 978-1570034886
<!-- The user who added these simply did a google book search, and added every title that had any inclusion of Bonewits's name. I strongly suggest page numbers of exact content be added here. If the mention is a substantial interview or anthologised article, sure, included it. But if it is simply, say, a cite of his ABCDEF, the ref. doesn't belong here. -->
* Bond, Lawrence & ] (1996) ''People of the Earth: The New Pagans Speak Out''. (reissued as ''Being a Pagan: Druids, Wiccans & Witches Today'' in 2002 Destiny Books ISBN 0-89281-904-9) Interview.

* {{Cite book | last1 = Clifton | first1 = Chas S. | title = Her hidden children: the rise of Wicca and paganism in America | date = 2006 | publisher = AltaMira Press | location = Lanham, MD | isbn = 0-7591-0202-3 | pages = }}
* {{Cite book | last1 = Vale | first1 = V. | last2 = Sulak | first2 = John | title = Modern Pagans : an Investigation of Contemporary Pagan Practices | year = 2001 | publisher = RE/Search Publications | location = San Francisco, Calif. | isbn = 1-889307-10-6 | pages = | url-access = registration | url = https://archive.org/details/modernpagansinve00john/page/70 }}
* Lewis, James R. & Shelley Rabinovitch (2002) ''The Encyclopedia of Modern Witchcraft and Neo-Paganism''. C Trade Paper ISBN 0806524065, ISBN 978-0806524061
* Pike, Sarah M. (2004) ''New Age and Neopagan Religions in America''. Columbia University Press ISBN 0231124023, ISBN 978-0231124027
* Urban, Hugh B. (2006) ''Magia Sexualis: Sex, Magic, and Liberation in Modern Western Esotericism''. University of California Press ISBN 0520247760, ISBN 978-0520247765
* {{Cite book | last1 = Vale | first1 = V. | last2 = Sulak | first2 = John | title = Modern pagans : an investigation of contemporary pagan practices | date = 2001 | publisher = RE/Search Publications | location = San Francisco, Calif. | isbn = 1-889307-10-6 | pages = 70-77 }}


==Notes==
{{Reflist|2}}
==External links== ==External links==
{{wikiquote}} {{wikiquote}}
* *
* *
* includes ''The Druid Chronicles (Evolved)''. * includes ''The Druid Chronicles (Evolved)''
*
* ''''

{{Neo-druidism}} {{Neo-druidism}}
{{LaVeyan Satanism}}


{{Authority control}}
{{Persondata
|NAME=Bonewits, Phillip Emmons Isaac
|ALTERNATIVE NAMES=
|SHORT DESCRIPTION=] leader, author, and ] priest
|DATE OF BIRTH=October 1, 1949
|PLACE OF BIRTH=], ]
|DATE OF DEATH=
|PLACE OF DEATH=
}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Bonewits, Isaac}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Bonewits, Isaac}}
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Latest revision as of 11:39, 5 October 2024

American Neopagan leader and author (1949–2012)
Isaac Bonewits
Isaac Bonewits in 2004
BornPhillip Emmons Isaac Bonewits
(1949-10-01)October 1, 1949
Royal Oak, Michigan
DiedAugust 12, 2010(2010-08-12) (aged 60)
Valley Cottage, New York
EducationUniversity of California, Berkeley (B.A., Magic)
Occupation(s)Public speaker, liturgist, songwriter
SpousePhaedra Bonewits (m. 2007)
Children1
Websitehttp://www.neopagan.net

Phillip Emmons Isaac Bonewits (October 1, 1949 – August 12, 2010) was an American Neo-Druid who published a number of books on the subject of Neopaganism and magic. Bonewits was a public speaker, liturgist, singer and songwriter, and founder of the Neopagan organizations Ár nDraíocht Féin (ADF) and the Aquarian Anti-Defamation League.

Early life and education

Bonewits was born on October 1, 1949, in Royal Oak, Michigan, as the fourth of five children. His father was a Presbyterian while his mother a Catholic. Spending much of his childhood in Ferndale, Michigan, he was moved at age 12 to San Clemente, California, where he spent a short time in a Catholic high school before he went back to public school to graduate from high school a year early. He enrolled at UC Berkeley in 1966 and graduated in 1970 with a Bachelor of Arts in magic, perhaps becoming the first and only person known to have ever received any kind of academic degree in magic from an accredited university.

Career

Early years

Isaac Bonewits
Bonewits (right) at Camp Ramblewood.

In 1966, while enrolled at UC Berkeley, Bonewits joined the Reformed Druids of North America (RDNA). Bonewits was ordained as a Neo-druid priest in 1969. During this period, the 18-year-old Bonewits was also recruited by the Church of Satan, but left due to political and philosophical conflicts with Anton LaVey. During his stint in the Church of Satan, Bonewits appeared in some scenes of the 1970 documentary Satanis: The Devil's Mass. Bonewits, in his article "My Satanic Adventure", asserts that the rituals in Satanis were staged for the movie at the behest of the filmmakers and were not authentic ceremonies.

1970s: author and editor

His first book, Real Magic, was published in 1971. Between 1973 and 1975 Bonewits was employed as the editor of Gnostica magazine in Minnesota (published by Llewellyn Publications). He established an offshoot group of the Reformed Druids of North America (RDNA) called the Schismatic Druids of North America, and helped create a group called the Hasidic Druids of North America (despite, in his words, his "lifelong status as a gentile"). He also founded the short-lived Aquarian Anti-Defamation League (AADL), an early Pagan civil rights group.

In 1976, Bonewits moved back to Berkeley and rejoined his original grove there, now part of the New Reformed Druids of North America (NRDNA). He was later elected Archdruid of the Berkeley Grove.

1980s: founding of Ár nDraíocht Féin

Throughout his life Bonewits had varying degrees of involvement with occult groups including Gardnerian Wicca and the New Reformed Orthodox Order of the Golden Dawn (a Wiccan organization not to be confused with the Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn). Bonewits was a regular presenter at Neopagan conferences and festivals all over the US, as well as attending gaming conventions in the Bay Area. He promoted his book Authentic Thaumaturgy to gamers as a way of organizing Dungeons & Dragons games.

In 1983, Bonewits founded Ár nDraíocht Féin (also known as "A Druid Fellowship" or ADF), which was incorporated in 1990 in the state of Delaware as a U.S. 501(c)3 non-profit organization. Although illness curtailed many of his activities and travels for a time, he remained Archdruid of ADF until 1996. In that year, he resigned from the position of Archdruid but retained the lifelong title of ADF Archdruid Emeritus.

Musician and activist

A songwriter, singer, and recording artist, he produced two CDs of pagan music and numerous recorded lectures and panel discussions, produced and distributed by the Association for Consciousness Exploration. He lived in Rockland County, New York, and was a member of the Covenant of Unitarian Universalist Pagans (CUUPS).

Bonewits encouraged charity programs to help Neopagan seniors, and in January 2006 was the keynote speaker at the Conference On Current Pagan Studies at the Claremont Graduate University in Claremont, CA.

Personal life

Bonewits was married five times. He was married to Rusty Elliot from 1973 to 1976. His second wife was Selene Kumin Vega, followed by marriage to Sally Eaton (1980 to 1985). His fourth wife was author Deborah Lipp, from 1988 to 1998. On July 23, 2004, he was married in a handfasting ceremony to a former vice-president of the Covenant of Unitarian Universalist Pagans, Phaedra Heyman Bonewits. At the time of the handfasting, the marriage was not yet legal because he had not yet been legally divorced from Lipp, although they had been separated for several years. Paperwork and legalities caught up on December 31, 2007, making them legally married.

Bonewits' only child was born to Deborah Lipp in 1990.

Illness and death

In 1990, Bonewits was diagnosed with eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome. The illness was a factor in his eventual resignation from the position of Archdruid of the ADF.

On October 25, 2009, Bonewits was diagnosed with a rare form of colon cancer, for which he underwent treatment. He died at home, on August 12, 2010, surrounded by his family.

Accusations of sexual assault

In 2018, accusations of sexual abuse against a minor rose against ADF founder Bonewits relating to his relationship with Moira Greyland when she was six years old. Greyland said in her book, 'The Last Closet: the Dark Side of Avalon':

"Some people called him the Pagan pope I hated Isaac, and refused to be in the same room with him, even if the only way I could articulate my objections to him was to say ‘he tickled me.'"

In light of this accusation, ADF, the lead pagan organization that Issac Bonewits founded, removed his name from their website and repudiated him.

"To preserve the health of our organization, we must cut out the blight that is Isaac Bonewits’ legacy. We sever the ties both historical and spiritual that bind us to him. For his actions against children, Isaac Bonewits will no longer be named as a beloved ancestor of ADF, nor is he welcome at our sacred fire.

May his memory and his dark actions fade with the rising of the sun."

Contributions to Neopaganism

In his book Real Magic (1971), Bonewits proposed his "Laws of Magic". These "laws" are synthesized from a multitude of belief systems from around the world to explain and categorize magical beliefs within a cohesive framework. Many interrelationships exist, and some belief systems are subsets of others. This work was chosen by Dennis Wheatley in the 1970s to be part of his publishing project Library of the Occult.

Bonewits also coined much of the modern terminology used to articulate the themes and issues that affect the North American Neopagan community.

  • Pioneered the modern usage of the terms "thealogy", "Paleo-Paganism", "Meso-Paganism", and numerous other retronyms.
  • Possibly coined the term "Pagan Reconstructionism", though the communities in question would later diverge from his initial meaning.
  • Founded Ar nDraiocht Fein, which was incorporated in 1990 in the state of Delaware as a U.S. 501(c)3 non-profit organization.
  • Developed the Advanced Bonewits Cult Danger Evaluation Frame (ABCDEF).
  • Coined the phrase "Never Again the Burning".
  • Critiqued the Burning Times / Old Religion Murray thesis (in Bonewits's Essential Guide to Witchcraft and Wicca).
  • In his book Real Magic (1971), Bonewits proposed his hypothesis on the Laws of Magic, which were then elaborated in his RPG supplement Authentic Thaumaturgy. The book makes it clear it is an adaptation of the ideas from Real Magic to gaming with the Laws presented being abbreviated from those in Real Magic.

Bibliography

Discography

Music

  • Be Pagan Once Again! – Isaac Bonewits & Friends (including Ian Corrigan, Victoria Ganger, and Todd Alan) (CD) (ACE/ADF)
  • Avalon is Rising! – Real Magic (CD)(ACE/ADF)

Spoken word

  • The Structure of Craft Ritual (ACE)
  • A Magician Prepares (ACE)
  • Programming Magical Ritual: Top-Down Liturgical Design (ACE)
  • Druidism: Ancient & Modern (ACE)
  • How Does Magic Work? (ACE)
  • Rituals That Work (ACE)
  • Sexual Magic & Magical Sex (with Deborah Lipp) (ACE)
  • Making Fun of Religion (with Deborah Lipp) (ACE)

Panel discussions

References

  1. ^ Aloi, Peg (August 12, 2010). "Isaac Bonewits (1949 - 2010) : A Tribute". Witchvox. Archived from the original on February 29, 2012. Retrieved January 19, 2012.
  2. Carlson, Jess (2010-08-12). "Isaac Bonewits Enters the Summerland". Jess Carlson. Retrieved 2022-11-11.
  3. ^ Guiley, Rosemary Ellen (2008). The Encyclopedia of Witches, Witchcraft & Wicca (Third ed.). Facts On File. p. 34. ISBN 9781438126845. He also was the last to do so in the United States. College administrators were so embarrassed over the publicity about the degree that magic, witchcraft, and sorcery were banned from the individual group study program.
  4. "Berkeley Student Will Graduate With Bachelor of Arts in Magic". The New York Times. 1 June 1970. p. 24. ISSN 0362-4331. Among June graduates at the University of California is Isaac Bonewits, who will receive a bachelor of arts in magic.
  5. "Satanis". Internet Movie Database. Archived from the original on February 27, 2012. Retrieved Jan 19, 2012.
  6. Bonewits, Isaac (2005). "My Satanic Adventure". Archived from the original on January 11, 2012. Retrieved Jan 19, 2012.
  7. Bonewits, Isaac. "Isaac Bonewits' Biography". www.neopagan.net. Archived from the original on 2008-01-31. Retrieved 2008-01-22.
  8. Bonewits, Isaac (2009). "Adopt an Elder". Archived from the original on February 5, 2012. Retrieved January 19, 2012.
  9. "Conference on Current Pagan Studies". Archived from the original on 2016-12-03.
  10. "Neopagan.Net 2007 Year-End Report and 2008 Donation Campaign - Views from the Cyberhenge". neopagan.net. Archived from the original on 2008-01-07. Retrieved 2008-01-05.
  11. Isaac Bonewits Diagnosed with Cancer Archived 2016-09-10 at the Wayback Machine, Jason Pitzl-Waters, The Wild Hunt
  12. ^ Greene, Heather (January 10, 2018). "Accusations of abuse surface against ADF founder Isaac Bonewits - News, Paganism, U.S." The Wild Hunt.
  13. Hunt, The Wild (November 8, 2019). "ADF repudiates founder Isaac Bonewits - News, Paganism, The Wild Hunt, U.S., World". The Wild Hunt.
  14. Bonewits, Isaac (2006). Bonewits's Essential Guide to Druidism. New York: Kensington/Citadel. p. 131. ISBN 0-8065-2710-2. Author is unsure whether he "got this use of the term from one or more of the other culturally focused Neopagan movements of the time, or if just applied it in a novel fashion".
  15. McColman (2003) p.51: "Such reconstructionists are attempting, through both spiritual and scholarly means, to create as purely Celtic a spirituality as possible."
  16. Bonewits, Isaac. "The Aquarian Manifesto with Historical Notes". www.neopagan.net. Archived from the original on 2007-04-18. Retrieved 2007-06-12.
  17. Bonewits, Isaac (2005). Authentic Thaumaturgy. Steve Jackson Games. p. 58

Further reading

External links

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